d1182253_20-f.htm
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F
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REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR 12(g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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OR
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x
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010
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OR
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¨
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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For the transition period from ______________
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OR
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¨
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SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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Date of event requiring this shell company report
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Commission file number
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001-32199
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Ship Finance International Limited
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(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
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Ship Finance International Limited
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(Translation of Registrant's name into English)
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Bermuda
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(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
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Par-la-Ville Place, 14 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton, HM 08, Bermuda
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(Address of principal executive offices)
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Georgina Sousa
Par-la-Ville Place, 14 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton, HM 08, Bermuda
Tel: +1 (441)295-9500, Fax: +1(441)295-3494
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(Name, Telephone, Email and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
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Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to section 12(b) of the Act
Title of each class
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Name of each exchange
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Common Shares, $1.00 Par Value
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New York Stock Exchange
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Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act.
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer's classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report.
79,125,000 Common Shares, $1.00 Par Value
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Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
[ X ] Yes [ ] No
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
[ ] Yes [ X ] No
Note – Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
[ X ] Yes [ ] No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
[ ] Yes [ ] No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer [X ]
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Accelerated filer [ ]
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Non-accelerated filer [ ]
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Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
[ X ] U.S. GAAP
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[ ] International Financial Reporting Standards
as issued by the International Accounting
Standards Board
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[ ] Other
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If "Other" has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial item the registrant has elected to follow:
[ ] Item 17 [ ] Item 18
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
[ ] Yes [ X ] No
INDEX TO REPORT ON FORM 20-F
PART I
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PAGE
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ITEM 1.
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IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
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1
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ITEM 2.
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OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
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1
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ITEM 3.
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KEY INFORMATION
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1
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ITEM 4.
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INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
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23
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ITEM 4A.
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UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
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44
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ITEM 5.
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OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
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44
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ITEM 6.
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DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
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69
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ITEM 7.
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MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
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72 |
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ITEM 8.
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FINANCIAL INFORMATION
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75
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ITEM 9.
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THE OFFER AND LISTING
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77
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ITEM 10.
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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
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77
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ITEM 11.
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QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
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90
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ITEM 12.
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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
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91
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PART II
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ITEM 13.
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DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
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92
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ITEM 14.
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MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
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92
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ITEM 15.
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CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
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92
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ITEM 16A.
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AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT
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93
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ITEM 16B.
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CODE OF ETHICS
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93
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ITEM 16C.
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PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
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93
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ITEM 16D.
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EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES
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94
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ITEM 16E.
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PURCHASE OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS
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94
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ITEM 16F. |
CHANGE IN REGISTRANT'S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT |
94 |
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ITEM 16G.
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
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94
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PART III
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ITEM 17.
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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96
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ITEM 18.
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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96
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ITEM 19.
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EXHIBITS
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97
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Matters discussed in this document may constitute forward-looking statements. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides safe harbor protections for forward-looking statements in order to encourage companies to provide prospective information about their business. Forward-looking statements include statements concerning plans, objectives, goals, strategies, future events or performance, and underlying assumptions and other statements, which are other than statements of historical facts.
Ship Finance International Limited, or the Company, desires to take advantage of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and is including this cautionary statement in connection with this safe harbor legislation. This document and any other written or oral statements made by us or on our behalf may include forward-looking statements, which reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. The words "believe," "anticipate," "intends," "estimate," "forecast," "project," "plan," "potential," "will," "may," "should," "expect" and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. The Company assumes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements in this annual report on Form 20-F and written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to the Company or its representatives after the date of this Form 20-F are qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statement contained in this paragraph and in other reports hereafter filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
The forward-looking statements in this document are based upon various assumptions, many of which are based, in turn, upon further assumptions, including without limitation, management's examination of historical operating trends, data contained in our records and other data available from third parties. Although we believe that these assumptions were reasonable when made, because these assumptions are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies which are difficult or impossible to predict and are beyond our control, we cannot assure you that we will achieve or accomplish these expectations, beliefs or projections.
In addition to these important factors and matters discussed elsewhere herein, important factors that, in our view, could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include:
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the strength of world economies;
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fluctuations in currencies and interest rates;
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general market conditions including fluctuations in charterhire rates and vessel values;
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changes in demand in the markets in which we operate;
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changes in demand resulting from changes in the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries', or OPEC's, petroleum production levels and worldwide oil consumption and storage;
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developments regarding the technologies relating to oil exploration;
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changes in market demand in countries which import commodities and finished goods and changes in the amount and location of the production of those commodities and finished goods;
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increased inspection procedures and more restrictive import and export controls;
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changes in our operating expenses, including bunker prices, drydocking and insurance costs;
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performance of our charterers and other counterparties with whom we deal;
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timely delivery of vessels under construction within the contracted price;
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changes in governmental rules and regulations or actions taken by regulatory authorities;
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potential liability from pending or future litigation;
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general domestic and international political conditions;
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potential disruption of shipping routes due to accidents or political events; and
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other important factors described from time to time in the reports filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC.
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PART I
ITEM 1.
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IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
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Not Applicable
ITEM 2.
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OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
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Not Applicable
Throughout this report, the "Company", "Ship Finance", "we", "us" and "our" all refer to Ship Finance International Limited and its subsidiaries. We use the term deadweight ton, or dwt, in describing the size of the vessels. Dwt, expressed in metric tons, each of which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms, refers to the maximum weight of cargo and supplies that a vessel can carry. We use the term twenty-foot equivalent units, or TEU, in describing containerships to refer to the number of standard twenty foot containers that the vessel can carry. Unless otherwise indicated, all references to "USD," "US$" and "$" in this report are to, and amounts are presented in, U.S. dollars.
A. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Our selected income statement and cash flow statement data with respect to the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 and our selected balance sheet data with respect to the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 have been derived from our consolidated financial statements included in Item 18 of this annual report, prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, which we refer to as US GAAP.
The selected income statement and cash flow statement data for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the selected balance sheet data for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 have been derived from our consolidated financial statements not included herein. The following table should be read in conjunction with Item 5. "Operating and Financial Review and Prospects" and our consolidated financial statements and the notes to those statements included herein.
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Year Ended December 31
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2010
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2009
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2008
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2007
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2006
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(in thousands of dollars except common share and per share data)
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Income Statement Data:
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Total operating revenues
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308,060 |
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345,220 |
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457,805 |
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398,003 |
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424,658 |
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Net operating income
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211,845 |
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209,264 |
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337,402 |
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304,881 |
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293,697 |
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Net income
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165,712 |
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192,598 |
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181,611 |
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167,707 |
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180,798 |
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Earnings per share, basic
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$ |
2.10 |
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$ |
2.59 |
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$ |
2.50 |
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$ |
2.31 |
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$ |
2.48 |
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Earnings per share, diluted
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$ |
2.09 |
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$ |
2.59 |
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$ |
2.50 |
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$ |
2.30 |
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$ |
2.48 |
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Dividends declared
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106,028 |
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90,928 |
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166,584 |
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159,335 |
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149,123 |
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Dividends declared per share
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$ |
1.34 |
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$ |
1.20 |
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$ |
2.29 |
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$ |
2.19 |
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$ |
2.05 |
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Year Ended December 31
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2010
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2009
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2008
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2007
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2006
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(in thousands of dollars except common share and per share data)
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Balance Sheet Data (at end of period):
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Cash and cash equivalents
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86,967 |
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84,186 |
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46,075 |
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78,255 |
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64,569 |
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Vessels and equipment, net including newbuildings
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786,112 |
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627,654 |
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656,216 |
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629,503 |
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246,549 |
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Investment in direct financing and sales-type leases (including current portion)
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1,455,281 |
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1,793,715 |
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2,090,492 |
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2,142,390 |
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2,109,183 |
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Investment in associated companies, including loans
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489,976 |
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501,203 |
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409,747 |
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1,188 |
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267 |
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Total assets
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2,882,361 |
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3,059,586 |
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3,352,747 |
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2,950,028 |
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2,553,677 |
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Short and long term debt (including current portion)
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1,922,854 |
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2,135,950 |
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2,595,516 |
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2,269,994 |
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1,915,200 |
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Share capital
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79,125 |
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79,125 |
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72,744 |
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72,744 |
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72,744 |
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Stockholders' equity
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828,920 |
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749,328 |
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517,350 |
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614,477 |
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600,530 |
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Common shares outstanding
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79,125,000 |
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79,125,000 |
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72,743,737 |
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72,743,737 |
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72,743,737 |
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Weighted average common shares outstanding
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79,056,183 |
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74,399,127 |
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72,743,737 |
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72,743,737 |
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72,764,287 |
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Cash Flow Data:
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Cash provided by operating activities
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153,771 |
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125,522 |
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211,386 |
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202,416 |
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210,160 |
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Cash provided by (used in) investing activities
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76,977 |
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424,068 |
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(433,945 |
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(378,777 |
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(127,369 |
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Cash provided by (used in) financing activities
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(227,967 |
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(511,479 |
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190,379 |
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190,047 |
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(51,079 |
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B. CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS
Not Applicable
C. REASONS FOR THE OFFER AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Not Applicable
D. RISK FACTORS
Our assets are primarily engaged in transporting crude oil and oil products, drybulk and containerized cargos, and in offshore drilling and related activities. The following summarizes some of the risks that may materially affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. Unless otherwise indicated in this annual report on Form 20-F, all information concerning our business and our assets is as of March 22, 2011.
Risks Relating to Our Industry
Disruptions in world financial markets and the resulting governmental action in the United States and in other parts of the world could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, and could cause the market price of our common shares to decline.
The United States and other parts of the world have experienced and are continuing to experience weakened economic conditions and have been in a recession. For example, the credit markets in the United States have experienced significant contraction, de-leveraging and reduced liquidity, and the U.S. federal government and state governments have implemented and are considering a broad variety of governmental actions and/or new regulations for the financial markets. Securities markets, futures markets and the credit markets are subject to comprehensive statutes, regulations and other requirements. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, other regulators, self-regulatory organizations and exchanges may take extraordinary actions, and may effect changes in law or interpretations of existing laws.
The uncertainty surrounding the future of the credit markets in the United States and the rest of the world has resulted in reduced access to credit worldwide. As of December 31, 2010, we had total outstanding indebtedness of $3.7 billion under our various credit facilities, including our equity-accounted subsidiaries.
We face risks attendant to changes in economic environments, changes in interest rates, and instability in the banking and securities markets around the world, among other factors. Major market disruptions and the current adverse changes in market conditions and regulatory climate in the United States and worldwide may adversely affect our business or impair our ability to borrow amounts under our credit facilities or any future financial arrangements. We cannot predict how long the current market conditions will last. However, these recent and developing economic and governmental factors, together with the concurrent decline in charter rates and vessel values, may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows, and may cause the price of our common shares to decline.
The seaborne transportation industry is cyclical and volatile, and this may lead to reductions in our charter rates, vessel values and results of operations.
The international seaborne transportation industry is both cyclical and volatile in terms of charter rates and profitability. The degree of charter rate volatility for vessels has varied widely. Fluctuations in charter rates result from changes in the supply and demand for vessel capacity and changes in the supply and demand for energy resources, commodities, semi-finished and finished consumer and industrial products internationally carried at sea. If we enter into a charter when charterhire rates are low, our revenues and earnings will be adversely affected. In addition, a decline in charterhire rates is likely to cause the value of our vessels to decline. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully charter our vessels in the future or renew our existing charters at rates sufficient to allow us to operate our business profitably, meet our obligations or pay dividends to our shareholders. The factors affecting the supply and demand for vessels are outside of our control, and the nature, timing and degree of changes in industry conditions are unpredictable.
Factors that influence demand for vessel capacity include:
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supply and demand for energy resources, commodities, semi-finished and finished consumer and industrial products;
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changes in the exploration for and production of energy resources, commodities, semi-finished and finished consumer and industrial products;
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the location of regional and global production and manufacturing facilities;
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the location of consuming regions for energy resources, commodities, semi-finished and finished consumer and industrial products;
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the globalization of production and manufacturing;
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global and regional economic and political conditions, including armed conflicts, terrorist activities, embargoes and strikes;
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developments in international trade;
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changes in seaborne and other transportation patterns, including the distance cargo is transported by sea;
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environmental and other regulatory developments;
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currency exchange rates; and
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weather and natural disasters.
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Factors that influence the supply of vessel capacity include:
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the number of newbuilding deliveries;
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the scrapping rate of older vessels;
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the price of steel and vessel equipment;
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changes in environmental and other regulations that may limit the useful lives of vessels;
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the number of vessels that are out of service; and
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port or canal congestion.
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Demand for our vessels and charter rates are dependent upon, among other things, seasonal and regional changes in demand and changes to the capacity of the world fleet. We believe the capacity of the world fleet is likely to increase, and there can be no assurance that global economic growth will be at a rate sufficient to utilize this new capacity. Continued adverse economic, political or social conditions or other developments could further negatively impact charter rates, and therefore have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and ability to pay dividends.
An economic slowdown in the Asia Pacific region could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Demand for our vessels and charter rates are dependent upon economic conditions in China, India and the rest of the world. China has been one of the world's fastest growing economies in terms of gross domestic product, and has had a significant impact on shipping demand. If economic growth in China and the Asia Pacific region slows down, it may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, as well as our future prospects.
Changes in the economic and political environment in China and policies adopted by the government to regulate its economy may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The Chinese economy differs from the economies of most countries belonging to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in certain respects, such as structure, government involvement, level of development, growth rate, capital reinvestment, allocation of resources, rate of inflation and balance of payments position. Prior to 1978, the Chinese economy was a planned economy. Since 1978, increasing emphasis has been placed on the utilization of market forces in the development of the Chinese economy. Annual and five-year state plans are adopted by the Chinese government in connection with the development of the economy. Although state-owned enterprises still account for a substantial portion of the Chinese industrial output, in general, the Chinese government is reducing the level of direct control that it exercises over the economy through state plans and other measures. There is an increasing level of freedom and autonomy in areas such as allocation of resources, production, pricing and management and a gradual shift in emphasis to a "market economy" and enterprise reform. Limited price reforms have been undertaken with the result that prices for certain commodities are principally determined by market forces. Many of the reforms are unprecedented or experimental and may be subject to revision, change or abolition based upon the outcome of such experiments. If the Chinese government does not continue to pursue a policy of economic reform, the level of imports to and exports from China could be adversely affected, which could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.
Loss of our flag state extensions of the deadlines for prohibiting the trading of our non-double hull tankers could adversely affect our operations.
The United States, the European Union and the International Maritime Organization, or the IMO, have all imposed limits or prohibitions on the use of non-double hull tankers in specified markets after certain target dates, depending on certain factors such as the size of the vessel and the type of cargo. In the case of our non-double hull tankers, these phase out dates range from 2010 to 2018. The Marine Environmental Protection Committee of the IMO, or MEPC, has amended the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships to accelerate the phase out of certain categories of non-double hull tankers, including the types of vessels in our fleet, from 2015 to 2010 unless the relevant flag states extend the date. Our fleet includes four non-double hull tankers, including one which has been sold with delivery to its new owner expected by the end of March 2011.
Although we have obtained flag state extensions to continue operating our non-double hull tankers until 2015, such flag state extensions may be revoked for any reason prior to such time. Some or all of our non-double hull tankers will be unable to trade in many markets due to the passing of the phase-out date in 2010. In addition, non-double hull tankers are likely to be chartered less frequently and at lower rates. Additional regulations may be adopted in the future that could further adversely affect the useful lives of our non-double hull tankers, as well as our ability to generate income from them.
Safety, environmental and other governmental and other requirements expose us to liability, and compliance with current and future regulations could require significant additional expenditures, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
Our operations are affected by extensive and changing international, national, state and local laws, regulations, treaties, conventions and standards in force in international waters, the jurisdictions in which our tankers and other vessels operate and the country or countries in which such vessels are registered, including those governing the management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes, the cleanup of oil spills and other contamination, air emissions, and water discharges and ballast water management. These regulations include the U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or the OPA, the U.S. Clean Water Act, the U.S. Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002 and regulations of the IMO, including the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage of 1969, as from time to time amended and generally referred to as the CLC, the IMO International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships of 1973, as from time to time amended and generally referred to as MARPOL, the IMO International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea of 1974, as from time to time amended and generally referred to as SOLAS, and the IMO International Convention on Load Lines of 1966, as from time to time amended.
In addition, vessel classification societies and the requirements set forth in the IMO's International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention, or the ISM Code, also impose significant safety and other requirements on our vessels. In complying with current and future environmental requirements, vessel owners and operators may also incur significant additional costs in meeting new maintenance and inspection requirements, in developing contingency arrangements for potential spills and in obtaining insurance coverage. Government regulation of vessels, particularly in the areas of safety and environmental requirements, can be expected to become stricter in the future and require us to incur significant capital expenditures on our vessels to keep them in compliance, or even to scrap or sell certain vessels altogether.
Many of these requirements are designed to reduce the risk of oil spills and other pollution, and our compliance with these requirements can be costly. These requirements also can affect the resale value or useful lives of our vessels, require reductions in cargo capacity, ship modifications or operational changes or restrictions, lead to decreased availability of insurance coverage for environmental matters or result in the denial of access to certain jurisdictional waters or ports, or detention in certain ports.
Under local, national and foreign laws, as well as international treaties and conventions, we could incur material liabilities, including cleanup obligations, natural resource damages and third-party claims for personal injury or property damages, in the event that there is a release of petroleum or other hazardous substances from our vessels or otherwise in connection with our current or historic operations. We could also incur substantial penalties, fines and other civil or criminal sanctions, including in certain instances seizure or detention of our vessels, as a result of violations of or liabilities under environmental laws, regulations and other requirements. For example, OPA affects all vessel owners shipping oil to, from or within the United States. OPA allows for potentially unlimited liability without regard to fault for owners, operators and bareboat charterers of vessels for oil pollution in U.S. waters. Similarly the CLC, which has been adopted by most countries outside of the United States, imposes liability for oil pollution in international waters. OPA expressly permits individual states to impose their own liability regimes with regard to hazardous materials and oil pollution incidents occurring within their boundaries. Coastal states in the United States have enacted pollution prevention liability and response laws, many providing for unlimited liability. Furthermore, environmental laws often impose strict liability for remediation of spills and releases of oil and hazardous substances, which could subject us to liability without regard to whether we were negligent or at fault. Under OPA, for example, owners, operators and bareboat charterers are jointly and severally strictly liable for the discharge of oil in U.S. waters, including the 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone around the United States. Furthermore, the 2010 explosion of the drilling rig Deepwater Horizon, which is unrelated to Ship Finance, and the subsequent release of oil into the Gulf of Mexico, or other events, may result in further regulation of the shipping and offshore industries and modifications to statutory liability schemes, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. An oil spill could also result in significant liability, including fines, penalties, criminal liability and remediation costs for natural resource damages under other international and U.S. federal, state and local laws, as well as third-party damages, and could harm our reputation with current or potential charterers of our vessels. We are required to satisfy insurance and financial responsibility requirements for potential oil (including marine fuel) spills and other pollution incidents. Although we have arranged insurance to cover certain environmental risks, there can be no assurance that such insurance will be sufficient to cover all such risks or that any claims will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition and available cash.
Acts of piracy on ocean-going vessels have recently increased in frequency, which could adversely affect our business.
Acts of piracy have historically affected ocean-going vessels trading in regions of the world such as the South China Sea and in the Gulf of Aden off the coast of Somalia. Beginning in 2008, the frequency of piracy incidents increased significantly and continues at a relatively high level up to the present day, particularly in the Gulf of Aden off the coast of Somalia. If these piracy attacks result in regions in which our vessels are deployed being characterized by insurers as "war risk" zones, as the Gulf of Aden temporarily was in May 2008, or Joint War Committee "war and strikes" listed areas, premiums payable for such insurance coverage could increase significantly and such insurance coverage may be more difficult to obtain. In addition, crew costs, including those due to employing onboard security guards, could increase in such circumstances. We may not be adequately insured to cover losses from these incidents, which could have a material adverse effect on us. In addition, any detention hijacking as a result of an act of piracy against our vessels, or an increase in cost, or unavailability of insurance for our vessels, could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our vessels may call on ports located in countries that are subject to restrictions imposed by the U.S. or other governments, which could adversely affect our business.
From time to time on charterers' instructions, our vessels may call on ports located in countries subject to sanctions and embargoes imposed by the United States government and in countries identified by the U.S. government as state sponsors of terrorism. The U.S. sanctions and embargo laws and regulations vary in their application, as they do not all apply to the same covered persons or proscribe the same activities, and such sanctions and embargo laws and regulations may be amended or strengthened over time. In 2010, the U.S. enacted the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions Accountability and Divestment Act ("CISADA"), which expanded the scope of the former Iran Sanctions Act. Among other things, CISADA expands the application of the prohibitions to non-U.S. companies, such as our company, and introduces limits on the ability of companies and persons to do business or trade with Iran when such activities relate to the investment, supply or export of refined petroleum or petroleum products. Although we believe that we are in compliance with all applicable sanctions and embargo laws and regulations, and intend to maintain such compliance, there can be no assurance that we will be in compliance in the future, particularly as the scope of certain laws may be unclear and may be subject to changing interpretations. Any such violation could result in fines or other penalties and could result in some investors deciding, or being required, to divest their interest, or not to invest, in our company. Additionally, some investors may decide to divest their interest, or not to invest, in our company simply because we do business with companies that do business in sanctioned countries. Moreover, our charterers may violate applicable sanctions and embargo laws and regulations as a result of actions that do not involve us or our vessels, and those violations could in turn negatively affect our reputation. Investor perception of the value of our company may also be adversely affected by the consequences of war, the effects of terrorism, civil unrest and governmental actions in these and surrounding countries.
In the highly competitive international seaborne transportation industry, we may not be able to compete for charters with new entrants or established companies with greater resources, and as a result we may be unable to employ our vessels profitably.
We employ our vessels in a highly competitive market that is capital intensive and highly fragmented. Competition arises primarily from other vessel owners, some of whom have substantially greater resources than we do. Competition for seaborne transportation of goods and products is intense and depends on charter rate, location, size, age, condition and the acceptability of the vessel and its operators to charterers. Due in part to the highly fragmented market, competitors with greater resources could operate larger fleets than we may operate and thus be able to offer lower charter rates and higher quality vessels than we are able to offer. If this were to occur, we may be unable to retain or attract new charterers on attractive terms or at all, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
An over-supply of vessel capacity may lead to further reductions in charter hire rates and profitability.
The supply of vessels generally increases with deliveries of new vessels and decreases with the scrapping of older vessels, conversion of vessels to other uses, such as floating production and storage facilities, and loss of tonnage as a result of casualties. Currently, there is significant newbuilding activity with respect to virtually all sizes and classes of vessels. An over-supply of vessel capacity, combined with a decline in the demand for such vessels, may result in a further reduction of charter hire rates. If such a reduction continues in the future, upon the expiration or termination of our vessels' current charters, we may only be able to re-charter our vessels at reduced or unprofitable rates or we may not be able to charter our vessels at all, which would have a material adverse effect on our revenues and profitability.
Increased inspection procedures, tighter import and export controls and new security regulations could increase costs and disrupt our business.
International shipping is subject to various security and customs inspection and related procedures in countries of origin, destination and trans-shipment points. Inspection procedures can result in the seizure of the contents of our vessels, delays in loading, offloading, or delivery and the levying of customs duties, fines or other penalties against us.
For example, since the events of September 11, 2001, U.S. authorities have significantly increased the levels of inspection for all imported containers. Government investment in non-intrusive container scanning technology has grown, and there is interest in electronic monitoring technology, including so-called "e-seals" and "smart" containers that would enable remote, centralized monitoring of containers during shipment to identify tampering with or opening of the containers, along with potentially measuring other characteristics such as temperature, air pressure, motion, chemicals, biological agents and radiation.
It is possible that changes to inspection procedures could impose additional financial and legal obligations on us. Changes to inspection procedures could also impose additional costs and obligations on our customers and may, in certain cases, render the shipment of certain types of cargo uneconomical or impractical. Any such changes or developments may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The offshore drilling sector depends on the level of activity in the offshore oil and gas industry, which is significantly affected by, among other things, volatile oil and gas prices and may be materially and adversely affected by a decline in the offshore oil and gas industry.
The offshore contract drilling industry is cyclical and volatile, and depends on the level of activity in oil and gas exploration and development and production in offshore areas worldwide. The availability of quality drilling prospects, exploration success, relative production costs, the stage of reservoir development and political and regulatory environments affect our customers' drilling campaigns. Oil and gas prices and market expectations of potential changes in these prices also significantly affect this level of activity and demand for drilling units.
Any decrease in exploration, development or production expenditures by oil and gas companies could materially and adversely affect the business of the charterers of our drilling units and their ability to perform under their existing charters with us. Also, increased competition for our customers' drilling budgets could come from, among other areas, land-based energy markets in Africa, Russia, other former Soviet Union states, the Middle East and Alaska. Worldwide military, political and economic events have contributed to oil and gas price volatility and are likely to do so in the future. Oil and gas prices are extremely volatile and are affected by numerous factors, including the following:
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worldwide demand for oil and gas;
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the cost of exploring for, developing, producing and delivering oil and gas;
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expectations regarding future energy prices;
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advances in exploration and development technology;
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the ability of OPEC to set and maintain production levels and pricing;
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the level of production in non-OPEC countries;
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government regulations;
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local and international political, economic and weather conditions;
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domestic and foreign tax policies;
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the development and implementation of policies to increase the use of renewable energy;
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the policies of various governments regarding exploration and development of their oil and gas reserves; and
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the worldwide military and political environment, including uncertainty or instability resulting from an escalation or additional outbreak of armed hostilities or other crises in the Middle East or other geographic areas, or further acts of terrorism in the United States or elsewhere.
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Declines in oil and gas prices for an extended period could negatively affect the offshore drilling sector. Sustained periods of low oil prices typically result in reduced exploration and drilling because oil and gas companies' capital expenditure budgets are subject to their cash flows and are therefore sensitive to changes in energy prices. These changes in commodity prices can have a dramatic effect on the demand for drilling units, and periods of low demand can cause an excess supply of drilling units and intensify competition in the industry, which often results in drilling units, particularly lower specification drilling units, being idle for long periods of time. We cannot predict the future level of demand for drilling units or future conditions of the oil and gas industry.
In addition to oil and gas prices, the offshore drilling industry is influenced by additional factors, including:
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the availability of competing offshore drilling units;
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the level of costs for associated offshore oilfield and construction services;
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oil and gas transportation costs;
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the discovery of new oil and gas reserves; and
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the cost of non-conventional hydrocarbons, such as the exploitation of oil sands.
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An over-supply of drilling units may lead to a reduction in day-rates and therefore may adversely affect the ability of the Seadrill Charterers and Apexindo to make charterhire payments to us.
We have chartered four of our drilling units to four subsidiaries of Seadrill Limited, or Seadrill, namely Seadrill Prospero Limited, or Seadrill Prospero, Seadrill Deepwater Charterer Ltd., or Seadrill Deepwater, Seadrill Offshore AS, or Seadrill Offshore, and Seadrill Polaris Ltd., or Seadrill Polaris, which we refer to collectively as the "Seadrill Charterers". In addition, we have chartered one drilling unit to Apexindo Offshore Pte. Ltd., or Apexindo. The Seadrill Charterers and Apexindo are collectively referred to as the "Rig Charterers". Following the 2008 peak in the oil price of around $140 per barrel, there was a period of high utilization and high dayrates, which prompted industry participants to increase the supply of drilling units by ordering the construction of new drilling units. According to industry sources, the worldwide fleet of drilling rigs increased from 622 units at the end of 2008 to 703 units at the end of 2010, and significant further deliveries of new units are projected. Although a relatively large number of the drilling units currently under construction have been contracted for future work, the increase in the total fleet may intensify price competition as scheduled delivery dates occur. The entry into service of these new, upgraded or reactivated drilling units will increase supply and has already led to a reduction in day-rates as drilling units are absorbed into the active fleet. In addition, the new construction of high-specification rigs, as well as changes in the Rig Charterers' competitors' drilling rig fleets, could cause our drilling units to become less competitive. Lower utilization and dayrates could adversely affect the Rig Charterers' ability to secure drilling contracts and, therefore, their ability to make charterhire payments to us, and may cause them to terminate or renegotiate their charter agreements to our detriment.
Consolidation of suppliers may limit the ability of the Rig Charterers to obtain supplies and services for their offshore drilling operations at an acceptable cost, on schedule or at all, which may have a material adverse effect on their ability to make charterhire payments to us.
The Rig Charterers may rely on certain third parties to provide supplies and services necessary for their offshore drilling operations, including but not limited to drilling equipment suppliers, catering and machinery suppliers. Recent mergers have reduced the number of available suppliers, resulting in fewer alternatives for sourcing key supplies. The Rig Charterers may not be able to obtain supplies and services at an acceptable cost, at the times they need them or at all. Such consolidation, combined with a high volume of drilling units under construction, may result in a shortage of supplies and services thereby potentially inhibiting the ability of suppliers to deliver on time. These cost increases or delays could have a material adverse affect on the Rig Charterers' results of operations and financial condition, and may adversely affect their ability to make charterhire payments to us.
Governmental laws and regulations, including environmental laws and regulations, may add to the costs of the Rig Charterers or limit their drilling activity, and may adversely affect their ability to make charterhire payments to us.
The Rig Charterers' business in the offshore drilling industry is affected by public policy and laws and regulations relating to the energy industry and the environment in the geographic areas where they operate.
The offshore drilling industry is dependent on demand for services from the oil and gas exploration and production industry, and accordingly the Rig Charterers are directly affected by the adoption of laws and regulations that for economic, environmental or other policy reasons curtail exploration and development drilling for oil and gas. The Rig Charterers may be required to make significant capital expenditures to comply with governmental laws and regulations. It is also possible that these laws and regulations may in the future add significantly to the Rig Charterers' operating costs or significantly limit drilling activity. Governments in some countries are increasingly active in regulating and controlling the ownership of concessions, the exploration for oil and gas, and other aspects of the oil and gas industries. In recent years, increased concern has been raised over protection of the environment. Offshore drilling in certain areas has been opposed by environmental groups, and has in certain cases been restricted.
In certain jurisdictions there are or may be imposed restrictions or limitations on the operation of foreign flag vessels and rigs, and these restrictions may prevent us or our charterers from operating our assets as intended. We can not guarantee that we or our charterers will be able to accommodate such restrictions or limitations nor that we or our charterers can relocate the assets to other jurisdictions where such restrictions or limitations do not apply. A violation of such restrictions, or expropriation in particular, could result in the total loss of our investments and/or financial loss for our charterers, and we can not guarantee that we have sufficient insurance coverage to compensate for such loss. This may have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
To the extent that new laws are enacted or other governmental actions are taken that prohibit or restrict offshore drilling or impose additional environmental protection requirements that result in increased costs to the oil and gas industry in general or the offshore drilling industry in particular, the Rig Charterers' business or prospects could be materially adversely affected. The operation of our drilling units will require certain governmental approvals, the number and prerequisites of which cannot be determined until the Rig Charterers identify the jurisdictions in which they will operate upon securing contracts for the drilling units. Depending on the jurisdiction, these governmental approvals may involve public hearings and costly undertakings on the part of the Rig Charterers. The Rig Charterers may not obtain such approvals or such approvals may not be obtained in a timely manner. If the Rig Charterers fail to secure the necessary approvals or permits in a timely manner, their customers may have the right to terminate or seek to renegotiate their drilling services contracts to the Rig Charterers' detriment. The amendment or modification of existing laws and regulations or the adoption of new laws and regulations curtailing or further regulating exploratory or development drilling and production of oil and gas could have a material adverse effect on the Rig Charterers' business, operating results or financial condition. Future earnings of the Rig Charterers may be negatively affected by compliance with any such new legislation or regulations. In addition, the Rig Charterers may become subject to additional laws and regulations as a result of future rig operations or repositioning. These factors may adversely affect the ability of the Rig Charterers to make charterhire payments to us.
Acts of terrorism and political and social unrest could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
Political and social unrest and terrorist attacks, such as those in New York on September 11, 2001, and in London on July 7, 2005, and the continuing world-wide response to these attacks, as well as the threat of future terrorist attacks around the world, continue to cause uncertainty in the world's financial markets and may affect our business, operating results and financial condition. Continuing conflicts in North Africa and the Middle East and the presence of United States and other armed forces in Iraq and Afghanistan may lead to additional acts of terrorism and armed conflict around the world, which may contribute to further economic instability in the global financial markets. These uncertainties could also adversely affect our ability to obtain additional financing on terms acceptable to us or at all. In the past, political conflicts have also resulted in attacks on vessels, mining of waterways and other efforts to disrupt international shipping, particularly in the Arabian Gulf region. Acts of terrorism and piracy have also affected vessels trading in regions such as the South China Sea. Insurance premiums could increase and coverage may be unavailable in the future. U.S. government regulations may effectively preclude us from actively engaging in business activities in certain countries. These regulations could be amended to cover countries where we currently operate or where we may wish to operate in the future. Any of these occurrences could have a material adverse impact on our operating results, revenues and costs.
Our business has inherent operational risks, which may not be adequately covered by insurance.
Our vessels and their cargoes are at risk of being damaged or lost, due to events such as marine disasters, bad weather, mechanical failures, human error, environmental accidents, war, terrorism, piracy, political circumstances and hostilities in foreign countries, labor strikes and boycotts, changes in tax rates or policies, and governmental expropriation of our vessels. Any of these events may result in loss of revenues, increased costs and decreased cash flows to our customers, which could impair their ability to make payments to us under our charters.
In the event of a casualty to a vessel or other catastrophic event, we will rely on our insurance to pay the insured value of the vessel or the damages incurred. Through the agreements with our vessel managers, we procure insurance for most of the vessels in our fleet employed under time charters against those risks that we believe the shipping industry commonly insures against. These insurances include marine hull and machinery insurance, protection and indemnity insurance, which include pollution risks and crew insurances, and war risk insurance. Currently, the amount of coverage for liability for pollution, spillage and leakage available to us on commercially reasonable terms through protection and indemnity associations and providers of excess coverage is $1.0 billion per vessel per occurrence.
We cannot assure you that we will be adequately insured against all risks. Our vessel managers may not be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage at reasonable rates for our vessels in the future. For example, in the past more stringent environmental regulations have led to increased costs for, and in the future may result in the lack of availability of, insurance against risks of environmental damage or pollution. Additionally, our insurers may refuse to pay particular claims. For example, the circumstances of a spill, including non-compliance with environmental laws, could result in denial of coverage, protracted litigation and delayed or diminished insurance recoveries or settlements. Any significant loss or liability for which we are not insured could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition. Under the terms of our bareboat charters, the charterer is responsible for procuring all insurances for the vessel.
Maritime claimants could arrest one or more of our vessels, which could interrupt our customers' or our cash flows.
Crew members, suppliers of goods and services to a vessel, shippers of cargo and other parties may be entitled to a maritime lien against that vessel for unsatisfied debts, claims or damages. In many jurisdictions, a maritime lien holder may enforce its lien by arresting a vessel through foreclosure proceedings. The arrest or attachment of one or more of our vessels could interrupt the cash flow of the charterer and/or the Company and require us to pay a significant amount of money to have the arrest lifted. In addition, in some jurisdictions, such as South Africa, under the "sister ship" theory of liability, a claimant may arrest both the vessel which is subject to the claimant's maritime lien and any "associated" vessel, which is any vessel owned or controlled by the same owner. Claimants could try to assert "sister ship" liability against vessels in our fleet managed by our vessel managers for claims relating to another vessel managed by that manager.
Governments could requisition our vessels during a period of war or emergency without adequate compensation, resulting in a loss of earnings.
A government could requisition one or more of our vessels for title or for hire. Requisition for title occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and becomes her owner, while requisition for hire occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and effectively becomes her charterer at dictated charter rates. Generally, requisitions occur during periods of war or emergency, although governments may elect to requisition vessels in other circumstances. Although we would be entitled to compensation in the event of a requisition of one or more of our vessels, the amount and timing of payment could be materially less than the charterhire that would have been payable otherwise. In addition, we would bear all risk of loss or damage to a vessel under requisition for hire. Government requisition of one or more of our vessels may negatively impact our revenues and reduce the amount of dividends paid, if any, to our shareholders.
As our fleet ages, the risks associated with older vessels could adversely affect our operations.
In general, the costs to maintain a vessel in good operating condition increase as the vessel ages. Due to improvements in engine technology, older vessels are typically less fuel-efficient than more recently constructed vessels. Cargo insurance rates increase with the age of a vessel, making older vessels less desirable to charterers.
Governmental regulations, safety, environmental or other equipment standards related to the age of tankers and other types of vessels may require expenditures for alterations or the addition of new equipment to our vessels to comply with safety or environmental laws or regulations that may be enacted in the future. These laws or regulations may also restrict the type of activities in which our vessels may engage or prohibit their operation in certain geographic regions. We cannot predict what alterations or modifications our vessels may be required to undergo as a result of requirements that may be promulgated in the future, or that as our vessels age market conditions will justify any required expenditures or enable us to operate our vessels profitably during the remainder of their useful lives.
There are risks associated with the purchase and operation of second-hand vessels.
Our current business strategy includes additional growth through the acquisition of both newbuildings and second-hand vessels. Although we generally inspect second-hand vessels prior to purchase, this does not normally provide us with the same knowledge about the vessels' condition that we would have had if such vessels had been built for and operated exclusively by us. Therefore, our future operating results could be negatively affected if some of the vessels do not perform as we expect. Also, we do not receive the benefit of warranties from the builders if the vessels we buy are older than one year.
Risks relating to our Company
Changes in our dividend policy could adversely affect holders of our common shares.
Any dividend that we declare is at the discretion of our Board of Directors. We cannot assure you that our dividend will not be reduced or eliminated in the future. Our profitability and corresponding ability to pay dividends is substantially affected by amounts we receive through profit sharing payments from our charterers. Our entitlement to profit sharing payments, if any, is based on the financial performance of our vessels which is outside of our control. If our profit sharing payments decrease substantially, we may not be able to continue to pay dividends at present levels, or at all. We are also subject to contractual limitations on our ability to pay dividends pursuant to certain debt agreements, and we may agree to additional limitations in the future. Additional factors that could affect our ability to pay dividends include statutory and contractual limitations on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends to us, including under current or future debt arrangements.
We depend on our charterers and principally the Frontline Charterers and the Seadrill Charterers for our operating cash flows and for our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders.
Most of the tanker vessels and oil/bulk/ore carriers, or OBOs, in our fleet are chartered to subsidiaries of Frontline Ltd, or Frontline, namely Frontline Shipping Limited, Frontline Shipping II Limited and Frontline Shipping III Limited, which we refer to collectively as the Frontline Charterers. In addition, we have chartered four of our drilling units to the Seadrill Charterers. Our other vessels that have charters attached to them are chartered to other customers under medium to long-term time and bareboat charters, except two which are on short-term time charters until April 2011 and August 2011, respectively.
The charter hire payments that we receive from our customers constitute substantially all of our operating cash flows. The Frontline Charterers have no business or sources of funds other than those related to the chartering of our tanker fleet to third parties.
Frontline Shipping Limited, or Frontline Shipping, and Frontline Shipping II Limited, or Frontline Shipping II, have, at March 22, 2011, established restricted cash deposits of $52 million and $10 million, respectively, as security for their obligations under the charters. In addition, Frontline guarantees the payment of charterhire with respect to Frontline Shipping and Frontline Shipping II. The four vessels chartered to Frontline Shipping III Limited, or Frontline Shipping III, are non-double hull vessels on which the charters may be terminated at the option of Frontline Shipping III on giving 30 days notice. There are no equivalent guarantees or restricted cash deposits relating to Frontline Shipping III.
Although there are restrictions on the Frontline Charterers' rights to use their cash to pay dividends or make other distributions, at any given time their available cash may be diminished or exhausted, and they may be unable to make charterhire payments to us without support from Frontline. The performance under the charters with the Seadrill Charterers is guaranteed by Seadrill. If the Frontline Charterers, the Seadrill Charterers or any of our other charterers are unable to make charterhire payments to us, our results of operations and financial condition will be materially adversely affected and we may not have cash available to pay debt service or for distributions to our shareholders.
The amount of the profit sharing payment we receive under our charters with the Frontline Charterers, if any, and our ability to pay our ordinary quarterly dividend, may depend on prevailing spot market rates, which are volatile.
Most of our tanker vessels and our OBOs operate under time charters to the Frontline Charterers. These charter contracts provide for base charterhire and additional profit sharing payments when the Frontline Charterers' earnings from deploying our vessels exceed certain levels. The exception to this is our non-double hull tanker vessels, which have been excluded from the annual profit sharing payment calculation since the relevant vessels' anniversary dates in 2010. The majority of our vessels chartered to the Frontline Charterers are sub-chartered by the Frontline Charterers in the spot market, which is subject to greater volatility than the long-term time charter market. Accordingly, the amount of profit sharing payments that we receive, if any, is primarily dependant on the strength of the spot market. Therefore, we cannot assure you that we will receive any profit sharing payments for any periods in the future. Furthermore, our future quarterly dividend may depend on us receiving profit sharing payments or require that we continue to expand our fleet, so that in either case we receive cash flows in addition to the cash flows we receive from our base charterhire from the Frontline Charterers and charter payments from other customers. As a result, we cannot assure you that we will continue to pay quarterly dividends.
The market values of our vessels and drilling units may decrease, which could limit the amount of funds that we can borrow or trigger certain financial covenants under our current or future credit facilities and we may incur a loss if we sell vessels or drilling units following a decline in their market value. This could affect future dividend payments.
During the period a vessel is subject to a charter, we will not be permitted to sell it to take advantage of increases in vessel values without the charterers' agreement. Conversely, if the charterers were to default under the charters due to adverse market conditions, causing a termination of the charters, it is likely that the fair market value of our vessels would also be depressed.
The fair market values of our vessels and drilling units have generally experienced high volatility. According to shipbrokers, the market prices for secondhand drybulk carriers, for example, have decreased sharply from their recent historically high levels.
The fair market value of our vessels and drilling units may increase and decrease depending on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the prevailing level of charter rates and dayrates, general economic and market conditions affecting the international shipping and offshore drilling industries, types and sizes of vessels and drilling units, supply and demand for vessels and drilling units, availability of or developments in other modes of transportation, cost of newbuildings, governmental or other regulations and technological advances.
In addition, as vessels and drilling units grow older, they generally decline in value. If the fair market value of our vessels and drilling units declines, we may not be in compliance with certain provisions of our credit facilities and we may not be able to refinance our debt, obtain additional financing or make distributions to our shareholders. Additionally, if we sell one or more of our vessels or drilling units at a time when vessel and drilling unit prices have fallen and before we have recorded an impairment adjustment to our consolidated financial statements, the sale price may be less than the vessel's or drilling unit's carrying value on our consolidated financial statements, resulting in a loss and a reduction in earnings. Furthermore, if vessel and drilling unit values fall significantly, we may have to record an impairment adjustment in our financial statements, which could adversely affect our financial results and condition.
We are subject to certain risks with respect to our counterparties on contracts, and failure of such counterparties to meet their obligations could cause us to suffer losses or otherwise adversely affect our business.
From time to time, we enter into, among other things, charter parties with our customers, newbuilding contracts with shipyards, credit facilities with banks, interest rate swap agreements, currency swap agreements, total return bond swaps, and total return equity swaps. Such agreements subject us to counterparty risks. The ability of each of our counterparties to perform its obligations under a contract with us will depend on a number of factors that are beyond our control and may include, among other things, general economic conditions, the condition of the maritime and offshore industries, the overall financial condition of the counterparty, charter rates and dayrates received for specific types of vessels and drilling units, and various expenses. In addition, in depressed market conditions, our charterers and customers may no longer need a vessel or drilling unit that is currently under charter or contract or may be able to obtain a comparable vessel or drilling unit at a lower rate. As a result, charterers and customers may seek to renegotiate the terms of their existing charter parties and drilling contracts, or avoid their obligations under those contracts. Should a counterparty fail to honor its obligations under agreements with us, we could sustain significant losses which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Volatility in the international shipping and offshore markets may cause our customers to be unable to pay charterhire to us.
Our customers are subject to volatility in the shipping market that affects their ability to operate the vessels they charter from us at a profit. Our customers' successful operation of our vessels and rigs in the charter market will depend on, among other things, their ability to obtain profitable charters. We cannot assure you that future charters will be available to our customers at rates sufficient to enable them to meet their obligations to make charterhire payments to us. As a result, our revenues and results of operations may be adversely affected. These factors include:
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global and regional economic and political conditions;
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supply and demand for oil and refined petroleum products, which is affected by, among other things, competition from alternative sources of energy;
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supply and demand for energy resources, commodities, semi-finished and finished consumer and industrial products;
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developments in international trade;
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changes in seaborne and other transportation patterns, including changes in the distances that cargoes are transported;
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environmental concerns and regulations;
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the number of newbuilding deliveries;
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the phase-out of non-double hull tankers from certain markets pursuant to national and international laws and regulations;
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the scrapping rate of older vessels; and
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changes in production of crude oil, particularly by OPEC and other key producers.
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Tanker charter rates also tend to be subject to seasonal variations, with demand (and therefore charter rates) normally higher in winter months in the northern hemisphere.
We depend on directors who are associated with affiliated companies which may create conflicts of interest.
Our principal shareholders Hemen Holding Ltd. and Farahead Investment Inc., which we refer to jointly as Hemen, are indirectly controlled by trusts established by Mr. John Fredriksen for the benefit of his immediate family. Hemen also has significant shareholdings in Frontline, Seadrill, Golden Ocean Group Limited, or Golden Ocean, and Deep Sea Supply Plc, or Deep Sea, which are all our customers and/or suppliers. Currently, one of our directors, Kate Blankenship, is also a director of Frontline, Golden Ocean and Seadrill and another of our directors, Cecilie A. Fredriksen, the daughter of Mr. John Fredriksen, is also a director of Frontline and Golden Ocean. These two directors owe fiduciary duties to the shareholders of each company and may have conflicts of interest in matters involving or affecting us and our customers. In addition, due to any ownership they may have in common shares of Frontline, Golden Ocean, Deep Sea or Seadrill, they may have conflicts of interest when faced with decisions that could have different implications for Frontline, Golden Ocean, Deep Sea or Seadrill than they do for us. We cannot assure you that any of these conflicts of interest will be resolved in our favor.
The agreements between us and affiliates of Hemen may be less favorable to us than agreements that we could obtain from unaffiliated third parties.
The charters, management agreements, charter ancillary agreements and the other contractual agreements we have with companies affiliated with Hemen were made in the context of an affiliated relationship. Although every effort was made to ensure that such agreements were made on an arm's-length basis, the negotiation of these agreements may have resulted in prices and other terms that are less favorable to us than terms we might have obtained in arm's-length negotiations with unaffiliated third parties for similar services.
Hemen and its associated companies' business activities may conflict with ours.
While Frontline has agreed to cause the Frontline Charterers to use their commercial best efforts to employ our vessels on market terms and not to give preferential treatment in the marketing of any other vessels owned or managed by Frontline or its other affiliates, it is possible that conflicts of interests in this regard will adversely affect us. Under our charter ancillary agreements with the Frontline Charterers and Frontline, we are entitled to receive annual profit sharing payments to the extent that the average time daily charter equivalent, or TCE, rates realized by the Frontline Charterers exceed specified levels. Because Frontline also owns or manages other vessels in addition to our fleet, which are not included in the profit sharing calculation, conflicts of interest may arise between us and Frontline in the allocation of chartering opportunities that could limit our fleet's earnings and reduce the profit sharing payments or charterhire due under our charters.
Our shareholders must rely on us to enforce our rights against our contract counterparties.
Holders of our common shares and other securities have no direct right to enforce the obligations of the Frontline Charterers, Frontline Management (Bermuda) Ltd., or Frontline Management, Frontline, Golden Ocean, Deep Sea, the Seadrill Charterers and Seadrill or any of our other customers under the charters, or any of the other agreements to which we are party. Accordingly, if any of those counterparties were to breach their obligations to us under any of these agreements, our shareholders would have to rely on us to pursue our remedies against those counterparties.
There is a risk that U.S. tax authorities could treat us as a "passive foreign investment company," which would have adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. shareholders.
A foreign corporation will be treated as a "passive foreign investment company," or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes if either (1) at least 75% of its gross income for any taxable year consists of certain types of "passive income" or (2) at least 50% of the average value of the corporation's assets produce or are held for the production of those types of "passive income." For purposes of these tests, "passive income" includes dividends, interest and gains from the sale or exchange of investment property and rents and royalties other than rents and royalties which are received from unrelated parties in connection with the active conduct of a trade or business. For purposes of these tests, income derived from the performance of services does not constitute "passive income", but income from bareboat charters does constitute "passive income."
U.S. shareholders of a PFIC are subject to a disadvantageous U.S. federal income tax regime with respect to the income derived by the PFIC, the distributions they receive from the PFIC and the gain, if any, they derive from the sale or other disposition of their shares in the PFIC.
Under these rules, if our income from our time charters is considered to be passive rental income, rather than income from the performance of services, we will be considered to be a PFIC. We believe that it is more likely than not that our income from time charters will not be treated as passive rental income for purposes of determining whether we are a PFIC. Correspondingly, we believe that the assets that we own and operate in the connection with the production of such income do not constitute passive assets for purposes of determining whether we are a PFIC. This position is principally based upon the positions that (1) our time charter income will constitute services income, rather than rental income and (2) Frontline Management, which provides services to most of our time-chartered vessels, will be respected as a separate entity from the Frontline Charterers, with which it is affiliated. Nevertheless, for the 2010 taxable year and future taxable years, depending upon the relative amounts of income we derive from our various assets as well as their relative fair market values, we may be treated as a PFIC.
We note that there is no direct legal authority under the PFIC rules addressing our current and proposed method of operation. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, or a court of law will accept our position, and there is a significant risk that the IRS or a court of law could determine that we are a PFIC. Furthermore, even if we would not be a PFIC under the foregoing tests, no assurance can be given that we would not constitute a PFIC for any future taxable year if the nature and extent of our operations were to change.
If the IRS were to find that we are or have been a PFIC for any taxable year, our U.S. shareholders will face adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences. For example, U.S. non-corporate shareholders would not be eligible for the 15% maximum tax rate on dividends that we pay.
We may have to pay tax on U.S. source income, which would reduce our earnings.
Under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986 as amended, or the Code, 50% of the gross shipping income of a vessel owning or chartering corporation, such as ourselves and our subsidiaries, that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends, but that does not both begin and end, in the United States may be subject to a 4% U.S. federal income tax without allowance for deduction, unless that corporation qualifies for exemption from tax under Section 883 of the Code and the applicable Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder.
We believe that we and each of our subsidiaries qualify for this statutory tax exemption and we will take this position for U.S. federal income tax return reporting purposes. However, there are factual circumstances beyond our control that could cause us to lose the benefit of this tax exemption and thereby become subject to U.S. federal income tax on our U.S. source shipping income. For example, Hemen owned 43.1% of our common shares at March 22, 2011. There is therefore a risk that we could no longer qualify for exemption under Section 883 of the Code for a particular taxable year if other shareholders with a five percent or greater interest in our common shares were, in combination with Hemen, to own 50% or more of our outstanding common shares on more than half the days during the taxable year. Due to the factual nature of the issues involved, we can give no assurances on our tax-exempt status or that of any of our subsidiaries.
If we, or our subsidiaries, are not entitled to exemption under Section 883 of the Code for any taxable year, we, or our subsidiaries, could be subject for those years to an effective 2% U.S. federal income tax on the gross shipping income these companies derive during the year that is attributable to the transport of cargoes to or from the United States. The imposition of this tax would have a negative effect on our business and would result in decreased earnings available for distribution to our shareholders.
Our Liberian subsidiaries may not be exempt from Liberian taxation, which would materially reduce our Liberian subsidiaries', and consequently our, net income and cash flow by the amount of the applicable tax.
The Republic of Liberia enacted an income tax act generally effective as of January 1, 2001, or the New Act, which repealed, in its entirety, the prior income tax law in effect since 1977, pursuant to which our Liberian subsidiaries, as non-resident domestic corporations, were wholly exempt from Liberian tax.
In 2004, the Liberian Ministry of Finance issued regulations, or the New Regulations, pursuant to which a non-resident domestic corporation engaged in international shipping, such as our Liberian subsidiaries, will not be subject to tax under the New Act retroactive to January 1, 2001. In addition, the Liberian Ministry of Justice issued an opinion that the New Regulations were a valid exercise of the regulatory authority of the Ministry of Finance. Therefore, assuming that the New Regulations are valid, our Liberian subsidiaries will be wholly exempt from tax as under prior law.
In 2009, the Liberian Congress enacted the Economic Stimulus Taxation Act of 2009, which reinstates the treatment on non-resident Liberian corporations, such as our Liberian subsidiaries, under Prior Laws retroactive to January 1, 2001. This legislation will become effective when it is finally published by the Liberian government.
If our Liberian subsidiaries were subject to Liberian income tax under the New Act, our Liberian subsidiaries would be subject to tax at a rate of 35% on their worldwide income. As a result, their, and subsequently our, net income and cash flow would be materially reduced by the amount of the applicable tax. In addition, we, as a shareholder of the Liberian subsidiaries, would be subject to Liberian withholding tax on dividends paid by the Liberian subsidiaries at rates ranging from 15% to 20%.
If our long-term time or bareboat charters or management agreements with respect to our vessels employed on long-term time charters terminate, we could be exposed to increased volatility in our business and financial results, our revenues could significantly decrease and our operating expenses could significantly increase.
If any of our charters terminate, we may not be able to re-charter those vessels on a long-term basis with terms similar to the terms of our existing charters, or at all. The terms of our current charters for our tanker vessels to the Frontline Charterers end between 2013 and 2027. Frontline Shipping III has the option to terminate the charters for our non-double hull tanker vessels on giving 30 days notice.
Apart from the containerships SFL Avon and SFL Europa, which are on charters due to expire in April 2011 and August 2011, respectively, the vessels in our fleet that have charters attached to them are generally contracted to expire between two and 16 years from now. However, we have granted some of our charterers purchase or early termination options that, if exercised, may effectively terminate our charters with these customers at an earlier date. One or more of the charters with respect to our vessels may also terminate in the event of a requisition for title or a loss of a vessel.
In addition, under our vessel management agreements with Frontline Management, for a fixed management fee, Frontline Management is responsible for all of the technical and operational management of the vessels chartered by the Frontline Charterers, and will indemnify us against certain loss of hire and various other liabilities relating to the operation of these vessels. We may terminate our management agreements with Frontline Management for any reason at any time on 90 days' notice or an agreement may be terminated if the relevant charter is terminated.
We currently have two containerships and three drybulk carriers which operate under time charters, and have entered into agreements to acquire a further nine drybulk carriers which are scheduled to operate under time charters. The agreements for the technical and operational management of these vessels are not fixed price agreements, and we cannot assure you that any further vessels which we may acquire in the future will be operated under fixed price management agreements.
Therefore, to the extent that we acquire additional vessels, our cash flow could be more volatile in the future and we could be exposed to increases in our vessel operating expenses, each of which could materially and adversely affect our results of operations and business.
If the delivery of any of the vessels that we have agreed to acquire is delayed or are delivered with significant defects, our earnings and financial condition could suffer.
As at March 22, 2011, we have entered into agreements to acquire nine additional drybulk carriers. A delay in the delivery of any of these vessels or the failure of the contract counterparty to deliver any of these vessels could cause us to breach our obligations under related charter, financing and sales agreements that we have entered into, and could adversely affect our revenues and results of operations. In addition, an acceptance of any of these vessels with substantial defects could have similar consequences.
Certain of our vessels are subject to purchase options held by the charterer of the vessel, which, if exercised, could reduce the size of our fleet and reduce our future revenues.
The market values of our vessels are expected to change from time to time depending on a number of factors including general economic and market conditions affecting the shipping industry, competition, cost of vessel construction, governmental or other regulations, prevailing levels of charter rates and technological changes. We have granted fixed price purchase options to certain of our customers with respect to the vessels they have chartered from us, and these prices may be less than the respective vessel's market value at the time the option may be exercised. In addition, we may not be able to obtain a replacement vessel for the price at which we sell the vessel. In such a case, we could incur a loss and a reduction in earnings.
We may incur losses when we sell vessels, which may adversely affect our earnings.
During the period a vessel is subject to a charter, we will not be permitted to sell it to take advantage of increases in vessel values without the charterers' agreement. On the other hand, if the charterers were to default under the charters due to adverse market conditions, thereby causing a termination of the charters, it is likely that the fair market value of our vessels would also be depressed. If we were to sell a vessel at a time when vessel prices have fallen, we could incur a loss and a reduction in earnings.
A change in interest rates could materially and adversely affect our financial performance.
As of December 31, 2010, the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries had approximately $1.6 billion in floating rate debt outstanding under our credit facilities, and a further $1.7 billion in unconsolidated wholly-owned subsidiaries accounted for under the equity method. Although we use interest rate swaps to manage our interest rate exposure and have interest rate adjustment clauses in some of our chartering agreements, we are exposed to fluctuations in interest rates. For a portion of our floating rate debt, if interest rates rise, interest payments on our floating rate debt that we have not swapped into effectively fixed rates would increase.
As of December 31, 2010, the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries have entered into interest rate swaps to fix the interest on $1.0 billion of our outstanding indebtedness, and have also entered into interest rate swaps to fix the interest on $1.1 billion of the outstanding indebtedness of our equity-accounted subsidiaries.
An increase in interest rates could cause us to incur additional costs associated with our debt service, which may materially and adversely affect our results of operations. Our maximum exposure to interest rate fluctuations on our outstanding debt at December 31, 2010, was approximately $1.2 billion, including our equity-accounted subsidiaries. A one percentage change in interest rates would at most increase or decrease interest expense by approximately $12 million per year as of December 31, 2010. The maximum figure does not take into account that certain of our charter contracts include interest adjustment clauses, whereby the charter rate is adjusted to reflect the actual interest paid on a deemed outstanding debt related to the assets on charter. At December 31, 2010, $1.9 billion of our floating rate debt was subject to such interest adjustment clauses, including our equity-accounted subsidiaries. Of this amount, a total of $1.3 billion was subject to interest rate swaps and the balance of $615 million remained on a floating rate basis.
The interest rate swaps that have been entered into by the Company and its subsidiaries are derivative financial instruments that effectively translate floating rate debt into fixed rate debt. US GAAP requires that these derivatives be valued at current market prices in our financial statements, with increases or decreases in valuations reflected in results of operations or, if the instrument is designated as a hedge, in other comprehensive income. Changes in interest rates give rise to changes in the valuations of interest rate swaps and could adversely affect results of operations and other comprehensive income.
We may have difficulty managing our planned growth properly.
Since our original acquisitions from Frontline, we have expanded and diversified our fleet, and we are performing certain administrative services through our wholly-owned subsidiary Ship Finance Management AS.
The growth in the size and diversity of our fleet will continue to impose additional responsibilities on our management, and may require us to increase the number of our personnel. We may need to increase our customer base in the future as we continue to grow our fleet. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in executing our growth plans or that we will not incur significant expenses and losses in connection with our future growth.
We are highly leveraged and subject to restrictions in our financing agreements that impose constraints on our operating and financing flexibility.
We have significant indebtedness outstanding under our Senior Notes, convertible unsecured senior bonds and senior unsecured bonds. We have also entered into loan facilities that we have used to refinance existing indebtedness and to acquire additional vessels. We may need to refinance some or all of our indebtedness on maturity of our Senior Notes, bonds or loan facilities and to acquire additional vessels in the future. We cannot assure you we will be able to do so on terms acceptable to us or at all. If we cannot refinance our indebtedness, we will have to dedicate some or all of our cash flows, and we may be required to sell some of our assets, to pay the principal and interest on our indebtedness. In such a case, we may not be able to pay dividends to our shareholders and may not be able to grow our fleet as planned. We may also incur additional debt in the future.
Our loan facilities and the indentures for our Senior Notes and bonds subject us to limitations on our business and future financing activities, including:
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limitations on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, including issuance of additional guarantees;
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limitations on incurrence of liens;
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limitations on our ability to pay dividends and make other distributions; and
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limitations on our ability to renegotiate or amend our charters, management agreements and other material agreements.
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Further, our loan facilities contain financial covenants that require us to, among other things:
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provide additional security under the loan facility or prepay an amount of the loan facility as necessary to maintain the fair market value of our vessels securing the loan facility at not less than specified percentages (ranging from 100% to 140%) of the principal amount outstanding under the loan facility;
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maintain available cash on a consolidated basis of not less than $25 million;
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maintain positive working capital on a consolidated basis; and
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maintain a ratio of total liabilities to adjusted total assets of less than 0.80.
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Under the terms of our loan facilities, we may not make distributions to our shareholders if we do not satisfy these covenants or receive waivers from the lenders. We cannot assure you that we will be able to satisfy these covenants in the future.
Due to these restrictions, we may need to seek permission from our lenders in order to engage in some corporate actions. Our lenders' interests may be different from ours and we cannot guarantee that we will be able to obtain our lenders' permission when needed. This may prevent us from taking actions that are in our best interests.
Our debt service obligations require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations to required payments on indebtedness and could limit our ability to obtain additional financing, make capital expenditures and acquisitions, and carry out other general corporate activities in the future. These obligations may also limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the shipping industry or detract from our ability to successfully withstand a downturn in our business or the economy generally. This may place us at a competitive disadvantage to other less leveraged competitors.
We may be subject to litigation that, if not resolved in our favor and not sufficiently insured against, could have a material adverse effect on us.
We may be, from time to time, involved in various litigation matters. These matters may include, among other things, contract disputes, personal injury claims, environmental claims or proceedings, asbestos and other toxic tort claims, employment matters, governmental claims for taxes or duties, and other litigation that arises in the ordinary course of our business. Although we intend to defend these matters vigorously, we cannot predict with certainty the outcome or effect of any claim or other litigation matter, and the ultimate outcome of any litigation or the potential costs to resolve them may have a material adverse effect on us. Insurance may not be applicable or sufficient in all cases and/or insurers may not remain solvent which may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
Risks Relating to Our Common Shares
We are a holding company, and we depend on the ability of our subsidiaries to distribute funds to us in order to satisfy our financial and other obligations.
We are a holding company, and have no significant assets other than the equity interests in our subsidiaries. Our subsidiaries own all of our vessels and drilling units, and payments under our charter agreements are made to our subsidiaries. As a result, our ability to make distributions to our shareholders depends on the performance of our subsidiaries and their ability to distribute funds to us. The ability of a subsidiary to make these distributions could be affected by a claim or other action by a third party or by the law of their respective jurisdiction of incorporation which regulates the payment of dividends by companies. If we are unable to obtain funds from our subsidiaries, we will not be able to pay dividends to our shareholders.
The market price of our common shares may be unpredictable and volatile.
The market price of our common shares has been volatile. Since January 1, 2010, the closing market price of our common shares has ranged from a low of $13.81 on February 8, 2010, to a high of $22.84 on December 3, 2010. The market price of our common shares may continue to fluctuate due to factors such as actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly and annual results and those of other public companies in our industry, any reductions in the payment of our dividends or changes in our dividend policy, mergers and strategic alliances in the shipping industry, market conditions in the shipping industry, changes in government regulation, shortfalls in our operating results from levels forecast by securities analysts, announcements concerning us or our competitors and the general state of the securities market. The shipping industry has been highly unpredictable and volatile. The market for common shares in this industry may be equally volatile. Therefore, we cannot assure you that you will be able to sell any of our common shares you may have purchased at a price greater than or equal to its original purchase price.
Future sales of our common shares could cause the market price of our common shares to decline.
The market price of our common shares could decline due to sales of a large number of our shares in the market or the perception that such sales could occur. This could depress the market price of our common shares and make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate, or at all.
Because we are a foreign corporation, you may not have the same rights as a shareholder in a U.S. corporation has.
We are a Bermuda exempted company. Bermuda law may not as clearly establish your rights and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors as do statutes and judicial precedent in some jurisdictions in the United States. In addition, most of our directors and officers are not resident in the United States and the majority of our assets are located outside of the United States. As a result, investors may have more difficulty in protecting their interests and enforcing judgments in the face of actions by our management, directors or controlling shareholders than would shareholders of a corporation incorporated in a jurisdiction in the United States.
Our major shareholder, Hemen, may be able to influence us, including the outcome of shareholder votes with interests that may be different from yours.
As of March 22, 2011, Hemen owned approximately 43.1% of our outstanding common shares. As a result of its ownership of our common shares, Hemen may influence our business, including the outcome of any vote of our shareholders. Hemen also currently beneficially owns substantial stakes in Frontline, Golden Ocean, Seadrill and Deep Sea. The interests of Hemen may be different from your interests.
ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
A. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY
The Company
We are Ship Finance International Limited, a Bermuda exempted company, engaged primarily in the ownership and operation of vessels and offshore related assets. We are also involved in the charter, purchase and sale of assets. We were incorporated in Bermuda on October 10, 2003 (Company No. EC-34296). Our registered and principal executive offices are located at Par-la-Ville Place, 14 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton, HM 08, Bermuda, and our telephone number is +1 (441) 295-9500.
We operate through subsidiaries, partnerships and branches located in Bermuda, Cyprus, Malta, Liberia, Norway, the United States of America, Singapore, the United Kingdom and the Marshall Islands.
We are an international ship owning company with one of the largest asset bases across the maritime and offshore industries. As at March 22, 2011, our assets consist of 29 oil tankers, eight OBOs currently configured to carry drybulk cargo, three drybulk carriers, nine container vessels, two jack-up drilling rigs, three ultra-deepwater drilling units, six offshore supply vessels and two chemical tankers. One of the oil tankers has been agreed to be sold, with delivery to its new owner expected by the end of March 2011.
Additionally we have contracted to purchase/take delivery of the following vessels:
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seven newbuilding Handysize drybulk carriers, with estimated delivery in 2011 and 2012;
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two newbuilding Supramax drybulk carriers, with estimated delivery in 2011; and
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two 2010-built 13,800 TEU container vessels, with delivery estimated before the end of April 2011.
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Medium to long-term charters have been secured for all nine of the newbuilding drybulk carriers and the two 13,800 TEU container vessels.
Our customers currently include Frontline, Horizon Lines Inc., or Horizon Lines, Seadrill, North China Shipping Holdings Co. Ltd., or NCS, Sinochem Shipping Co. Ltd., or Sinochem, Heung-A Shipping Co. Ltd., or Heung-A, Deep Sea, CMA CGM SA, or CMA CGM, MCC Transport Singapore, Glovis Co. Ltd., Western Bulk, Hong Xiang Shipping and Apexindo. Existing charters for most of our vessels range from two to 16 years, providing us with significant, stable base cash flows and high asset utilization. Some of our charters include purchase options on behalf of the charterer, which if exercised would reduce our remaining charter coverage and contracted cash flow.
Our primary objective is to continue to grow our business through accretive acquisitions across a diverse range of marine and offshore asset classes. In doing so, our strategy is to generate stable and increasing cash flows by chartering our assets primarily under medium to long-term bareboat or time charters.
History of the Company
We were formed in 2003 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Frontline, which is one of the largest owners and operators of large crude oil tankers in the world. On May 28, 2004, Frontline announced the distribution of 25% of our common shares to its ordinary shareholders in a partial spin off, and our common shares commenced trading on the New York Stock Exchange, or the NYSE, under the ticker symbol "SFL" on June 17, 2004. Frontline subsequently made six further dividends of our shares to its shareholders and its ownership in our Company is now less than one percent.
Pursuant to an agreement entered into in December 2003, we purchased from Frontline, effective January 2004, a fleet of 47 vessels, comprising 23 Very Large Crude Carriers, or VLCCs, including an option to acquire one VLCC, 16 Suezmax tankers and eight OBOs.
Since January 1, 2005, we have diversified our asset base from the initial two asset types - crude oil tankers and OBOs - to eight asset types, now including container vessels, drybulk carriers, chemical tankers, jack-up drilling rigs, ultra-deepwater drilling units and offshore supply vessels.
Since 2006, we have reduced our non-double hull tanker fleet from 18 vessels to four vessels, which are all chartered to Frontline Shipping III. One of the remaining non-double hull tankers has been agreed to be sold, with delivery to its new owner expected by the end of March 2011.
Most of our oil tankers and OBOs are chartered to the Frontline Charterers under longer term time charters that have remaining terms that range from two to 16 years. The Frontline Charterers, in turn, charter our vessels to third parties. The daily base charter rates payable to us under the charters have been fixed in advance and will decrease as our vessels age. Since their relevant anniversary dates in 2010, Frontline Shipping III has the option to terminate the charters for non-double hull vessels on giving 30 days notice. Frontline Shipping and Frontline Shipping II have established restricted cash deposits, which currently total $62 million, held by them as security against their charter commitments. In addition, Frontline guarantees the payment of charter hire with respect to Frontline Shipping and Frontline Shipping II.
We have entered into charter ancillary agreements with the Frontline Charterers, our vessel-owning subsidiaries and Frontline, which remain in effect until the last long term charter with the relevant Frontline Charterer terminates in accordance with its terms. Frontline has guaranteed the Frontline Charterers' obligations under the charter ancillary agreements. Under the terms of the charter ancillary agreements, the Frontline Charterers have agreed to pay us a profit sharing payment equal to 20% of the charter revenues they realize above specified threshold levels, paid annually and calculated on an average daily TCE basis. Since the relevant anniversary dates in 2010, all of our non-double hull vessels have been excluded from the annual profit sharing payment calculation, and the time charter rate received from Frontline has been reduced to $7,500 per day, apart from Titan Aries (ex Edinburgh) for which the rate is $8,500 per day as long as it is employed under its current sub-charter.
We have also entered into agreements with Frontline Management to provide fixed rate operation and maintenance services for the vessels on time charter to the Frontline Charterers and for administrative support services. These agreements enhance the predictability and stability of our cash flows, by substantially fixing all of the operating expenses of our crude oil tankers and OBOs.
There is also a profit sharing agreement relating to the charter of the jack-up drilling rig West Prospero, whereby we will receive a profit share calculated as a percentage of the annual earnings above specified thresholds relating to milestones set under the charter. This profit sharing agreement became effective in 2009.
The charters for the two jack-up drilling rigs, three ultra-deepwater drilling units, seven of the container vessels, six offshore supply vessels, two chemical tankers and two of the Suezmax tankers are all on bareboat terms, under which the respective charterer will bear all operating and maintenance expenses.
Acquisitions and Disposals
Acquisitions
In the year ended December 31, 2010, we entered into agreements relating to the acquisition of vessels as follows:
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In February 2010, we agreed to terminate agreements made in June 2007 relating to the acquisition of four newbuilding container vessels for an aggregate cost of approximately $155 million. Concurrently, we agreed to acquire seven newbuilding Handysize drybulk carriers with delivery expected in 2011 and 2012, for an aggregate construction cost of approximately $188 million.
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In March 2010, we took delivery of Everbright, the second newbuilding Suezmax tanker which we had agreed to purchase in November 2006. Immediately upon delivery from the shipyard, the Everbright was sold on hire-purchase terms and commenced a five year bareboat charter with annual purchase options during the charter period and a purchase obligation at the end of the charter in March 2015.
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In October 2010, we took delivery of the newbuilding containership SFL Avon. Immediately upon delivery from the shipyard, the vessel commenced a time charter for an initial period of six months.
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In August 2010, we agreed to purchase three Supramax drybulk carriers, and in the fourth quarter of 2010 we took delivery of the 2009-built SFL Hudson and the newbuilding SFL Yukon. Immediately upon delivery from the shipyard, the vessels commenced time charters with terms of ten and eight years, respectively. The remaining vessel, SFL Sara, was delivered from the shipyard in the first quarter of 2011 and immediately commenced an eight year time charter.
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In November 2010, we agreed to acquire two further newbuilding Supramax drybulk carriers for an aggregate construction cost of approximately $61 million. The vessels are expected to be delivered in the third quarter of 2011 and will commence 10 year time charters upon delivery.
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Since January 1, 2011, we have entered into agreements relating to the acquisition or charter-in of vessels as follows:
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In January 2011, we announced the acquisition of the 2007-built jack-up drilling rig Soehanah for an agreed purchase price of approximately $152 million. The rig was delivered in February 2011, and commenced a seven year bareboat charter back to the seller.
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In March 2011, we announced that we have entered into an agreement, together with CMA CGM, the constructing shipyard and a financial institution, to acquire and charter-in two 2010-built 13,800 TEU container vessels in combination with 15-year time charters back to CMA CGM. Our investment is limited to $25 million per vessel, secured by junior mortgages.
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Disposals
In the year ended December 31, 2010, we sold the following vessels:
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In February 2010, we sold the VLCC Front Vista to a subsidiary of Frontline for total sales proceeds of approximately $59 million. A gain of $1.8 million was recorded on disposal.
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In April 2010, we sold the single-hull VLCC Golden River to an unrelated third party for total sales proceeds of approximately $13 million. A loss of $0.1 million was recorded on disposal.
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In September 2010, the single-hull VLCC Front Sabang was sold when its charterer exercised an option to purchase the vessel before the end of the charter. A gain of $0.4 million was recorded on disposal.
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In December 2010, the charter on the drybulk carrier Golden Shadow was terminated and the vessel sold for approximately $21.5 million. A loss of $0.1 million was recorded on disposal, which is included in "Equity in earnings of associated companies".
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Since January 1, 2011, we have entered into the following agreements relating to the disposal of vessels:
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In February 2011, we agreed to sell the two single-hull VLCCs Front Ace and Ticen Sun (ex Front Highness) to unrelated parties for a combined gross sales price of $31.4 million. Ticen Sun was delivered to its new owner in February 2011, and Front Ace is expected to be delivered to its new owner by the end of March 2011. A total gain on disposal of approximately $0.3 million is expected to be recorded.
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B. BUSINESS OVERVIEW
Our Business Strategies
Our primary objectives are to profitably grow our business and increase long-term distributable cash flow per share by pursuing the following strategies:
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(1)
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Expand our asset base. We have increased, and intend to further increase, the size of our asset base through timely and selective acquisitions of additional assets that we believe will be accretive to long-term distributable cash flow per share. We will seek to expand our asset base through placing newbuilding orders, acquiring new and modern second-hand vessels and entering into medium or long-term charter arrangements. From time to time we may also acquire vessels with no or limited initial charter coverage. We believe that by entering into newbuilding contracts or acquiring modern second-hand vessels or rigs we can provide for long-term growth of our assets and continue to decrease the average age of our fleet.
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(2)
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Diversify our asset base. Since January 1, 2005, we have diversified our asset base from two asset types, crude oil tankers and OBO carriers, to eight asset types including container vessels, drybulk carriers, chemical tankers, jack-up drilling rigs, ultra-deepwater drilling units and offshore supply vessels. We believe that there are other attractive markets that could provide us with the opportunity to further diversify our asset base. These markets include vessels and other assets that are of long-term strategic importance to certain operators in the shipping and offshore industries. We believe that the expertise and relationships of our management, together with our relationship and affiliation with Mr. John Fredriksen, could provide us with incremental opportunities to expand our asset base.
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(3)
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Expand and diversify our customer relationships. Since January 1, 2005, we have increased our customer base from one to 13 customers. Of these 13 customers, Frontline, Deep Sea and Seadrill are directly or indirectly controlled by trusts established by Mr. John Fredriksen for the benefit of his immediate family. We intend to continue to expand our relationships with our existing customers and also to add new customers, as companies servicing the international shipping and offshore oil exploration markets continue to expand their use of chartered-in assets to add capacity.
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(4)
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Pursue medium to long-term fixed-rate charters. We intend to continue to pursue medium to long-term fixed rate charters, which provide us with stable future cash flows. Our customers typically employ long-term charters for strategic expansion as most of their assets are typically of strategic importance to certain operating pools, established trade routes or dedicated oil-field installations. We believe that we will be well positioned to participate in their growth. In addition, we will also seek to enter into charter agreements that are shorter and provide for profit sharing, so that we can generate incremental revenue and share in the upside during strong markets.
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Customers
The Frontline Charterers have been our principal customers since we were spun-off from Frontline in 2004. However, in 2007 and 2008 we made substantial investments in offshore drilling units which are chartered to the Seadrill Charterers, and the percentage of our business attributable to the Frontline Charterers has decreased following the delivery and commencement of the charters of the drilling units. We anticipate that the percentage of our business attributable to both the Frontline Charterers and the Seadrill Charterers will decrease as we continue to expand our business and our customer base.
Competition
We currently operate or will operate in several sectors of the shipping and offshore industry, including oil transportation, drybulk shipments, chemical transportation, container transportation, drilling rigs and offshore supply vessels.
The markets for international seaborne oil transportation services, drybulk transportation services and container transportation services are highly fragmented and competitive. Seaborne oil transportation services are generally provided by two main types of operators: major oil companies or captive fleets (both private and state-owned) and independent shipowner fleets.
In addition, several owners and operators pool their vessels together on an ongoing basis, and such pools are available to customers to the same extent as independently owned and operated fleets. Many major oil companies and other commodity carriers also operate their own vessels and use such vessels not only to transport their own cargoes but also to transport cargoes for third parties, in direct competition with independent owners and operators.
Container vessels are generally operated by container logistics companies, where the vessels are used as an integral part of their services. Therefore, container vessels are typically chartered more on a period basis and single voyage chartering is less common. As the market has grown significantly over recent decades, we expect in the future to see more vessels chartered by container logistics companies on a shorter term basis, particularly in the smaller segments.
Our jack-up drilling rigs, ultra-deepwater drilling units and offshore supply vessels are chartered out on long-term charters to contractors, and we are therefore not directly exposed to the short term fluctuation in these markets. Jack-up drilling rigs, ultra-deepwater drilling units and offshore supply vessels are normally chartered by oil companies on a shorter-term basis linked to area-specific well drilling or oil exploration activities, but there have also been longer period charters available when oil companies want to cover their longer term requirements for such vessels. Offshore supply vessels, ultra-deepwater drillships and semi-submersible drilling rigs are self-propelled, and can therefore easily move between geographic areas. Jack-up drilling rigs are not self-propelled, but it is common to move these assets over long distances on heavy-lift vessels. Therefore, the markets and competition for these rigs are effectively world-wide.
Competition for charters in all the above sectors is intense and is based upon price, location, size, age, condition and acceptability of the vessel/rig and its manager. Competition is also affected by the availability of other size vessels/rigs to compete in the trades in which we engage. Most of our existing vessels are chartered at fixed rates on a long-term basis and are thus not directly affected by competition in the short-term. However, the tankers and OBOs chartered to the Frontline Charterers and one of our jack-up drilling rigs are subject to profit sharing agreements, which will be affected by competition experienced by the charterers.
Risk of Loss and Insurance
Our business is affected by a number of risks, including mechanical failure, collisions, property loss to the vessels, cargo loss or damage and business interruption due to political circumstances in foreign countries, hostilities and labor strikes. In addition, the operation of any ocean-going vessel is subject to the inherent possibility of catastrophic marine disaster, including oil spills and other environmental mishaps, and the liabilities arising from owning and operating vessels in international trade.
Except for vessels whose charter specifies otherwise, Frontline Management and our bareboat charterers are responsible for arranging for the insurance of our vessels in line with standard industry practice. In accordance with that practice, we maintain marine hull and machinery and war risks insurance, which include the risk of actual or constructive total loss, and protection and indemnity insurance with mutual assurance associations. From time to time we carry insurance covering the loss of hire resulting from marine casualties in respect of some of our vessels. Currently, the amount of coverage for liability for pollution, spillage and leakage available to us on commercially reasonable terms through protection and indemnity associations and providers of excess coverage is up to $1 billion per tanker per occurrence. Protection and indemnity associations are mutual marine indemnity associations formed by shipowners to provide protection from large financial loss to one member by contribution towards that loss by all members.
We believe that our current insurance coverage is adequate to protect us against the accident-related risks involved in the conduct of our business and that we maintain appropriate levels of environmental damage and pollution insurance coverage, consistent with standard industry practice. However, there is no assurance that all risks are adequately insured against, that any particular claims will be paid, or that we will be able to procure adequate insurance coverage at commercially reasonable rates in the future.
Environmental Regulation and Other Regulations
Government regulations and laws significantly affect the ownership and operation of our crude oil tankers, OBOs, drybulk carriers, chemical tankers, drilling units, container vessels and offshore supply vessels. We are subject to various international conventions, laws and regulations in force in the countries in which our vessels and drilling units may operate or are registered. Compliance with such laws, regulations and other requirements entails significant expense, including vessel and drilling unit modification and implementation of certain operating procedures.
A variety of governmental, quasi-governmental and private organizations subject our assets to both scheduled and unscheduled inspections. These organizations include the local port authorities, national authorities, harbor masters or equivalent, classification societies, flag state and charterers, particularly terminal operators, oil companies and drybulk and commodity owners. Some of these entities require us to obtain permits, licenses and certificates for the operation of our assets. Our failure to maintain necessary permits or approvals could require us to incur substantial costs or temporarily suspend operation of one or more of the assets in our fleet.
We believe that the heightened levels of environmental and quality concerns among insurance underwriters, regulators and charterers have led to greater inspection and safety requirements on all vessels and may accelerate the scrapping of older vessels throughout the industry, particularly older tankers. Increasing environmental concerns have created a demand for tankers that conform to the stricter environmental standards. We are required to maintain operating standards for all of our vessels emphasizing operational safety, quality maintenance, continuous training of our officers and crews and compliance with applicable local, national and international environmental laws and regulations. We believe that the operation of our vessels is in substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations and that our vessels have all material permits, licenses, certificates or other authorizations necessary for the conduct of our operations; however, because such laws and regulations are frequently changed and may impose increasingly stricter requirements, we cannot predict the ultimate cost of complying with these requirements, or the impact of these requirements on the resale value or useful lives of our vessels. The international ballast water convention will, when ratified, require investment in new equipment on board our vessels, but it is not possible to quantify the costs of such modifications at this time. In addition, a future serious marine incident that results in significant oil pollution or otherwise causes significant adverse environmental impact, such as the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, could result in additional legislation or regulation that could negatively affect our profitability.
The laws and regulations discussed below may not constitute a comprehensive list of all such laws and regulations that are applicable to the operation of our vessels and drilling units.
Flag State
The flag state, as defined by the United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea, has overall responsibility for the implementation and enforcement of international maritime regulations for all ships granted the right to fly its flag. The "Shipping Industry Guidelines on Flag State Performance" evaluates flag states based on factors such as sufficiency of infrastructure, ratification of international maritime treaties, implementation and enforcement of international maritime regulations, supervision of surveys, casualty investigations and participation at meetings of the IMO. Our vessels are flagged in Liberia, Singapore, the Bahamas, Cyprus, Malta, the Marshall Islands, France, the United States, Panama, Hong Kong and the Isle of Man.
International Maritime Organization
The IMO (the United Nations agency for maritime safety and the prevention of pollution by ships), has adopted the International Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto, which has been updated through various amendments, or the MARPOL Convention. The MARPOL Convention implements environmental standards including oil leakage or spilling, garbage management, as well as the handling and disposal of noxious liquids, harmful substances in packaged forms, sewage and air emissions. These regulations, which have been implemented in many jurisdictions in which our vessels operate, provide, in part, that:
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25-year old tankers must be of double-hull construction or of a mid-deck design with double-sided construction, unless:
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(1) they have wing tanks or double-bottom spaces not used for the carriage of oil which cover at least 30% of the length of the cargo tank section of the hull or bottom; or
(2) they are capable of hydrostatically balanced loading (loading less cargo into a tanker so that in the event of a breach of the hull, water flows into the tanker, displacing oil upwards instead of into the sea);
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30-year old tankers must be of double-hull construction or mid-deck design with double-sided construction; and
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all tankers will be subject to enhanced inspections.
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Also, under IMO regulations, a newbuild tanker of 5,000 dwt and above must be of double-hull construction or a mid-deck design with double-sided construction or be of another approved design ensuring the same level of protection against oil pollution if the tanker:
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is the subject of a contract for a major conversion or original construction on or after July 6, 1993;
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commences a major conversion or has its keel laid on or after January 6, 1994; or
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completes a major conversion or is a newbuilding delivered on or after July 6, 1996.
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Our vessels are subject to regulatory requirements imposed by the IMO, including the phase-out of single-hull tankers. Effective September 2002, the IMO accelerated its existing timetable for the phase-out of single-hull oil tankers. At that time, these regulations required the phase-out of most single-hull oil tankers by 2015 or earlier, depending on the age of the tanker and whether it has segregated ballast tanks.
Under the regulations, as described above, the flag state may allow for some newer single-hull ships registered in its country that conform to certain technical specifications to continue operating until the 25th anniversary of their delivery. Any port state, however, may deny entry of those single hull tankers that are allowed to operate until their 25th anniversary to ports or offshore terminals. These regulations have been adopted by over 150 nations, including many of the jurisdictions in which our tankers operate.
In December 2003, the MEPC adopted an amendment to the MARPOL Convention, which became effective in April 2005. The amendment revised an existing regulation 13G accelerating the phase-out of single hull oil tankers and adopted a new regulation 13H on the prevention of oil pollution from oil tankers when carrying heavy grade oil. Under the revised regulation, single hull oil tankers were required to be phased out no later than April 5, 2005, or the anniversary of the date of delivery of the ship on the date or in the year specified in the following table:
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Category of Single Hull Oil Tankers
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Date or Year for Phase Out
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Category 1: oil tankers of 20,000 dwt and above carrying crude oil, fuel oil, heavy diesel oil or lubricating oil as cargo, and of 30,000 dwt and above carrying other oils, which do not comply with the requirements for protectively located segregated ballast tanks
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April 5, 2005 for ships delivered on April 5, 1982 or earlier;
2005 for ships delivered after April 5, 1982
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Category 2: oil tankers of 20,000 dwt and above carrying crude oil, fuel oil, heavy diesel oil or lubricating oil as cargo, and of 30,000 dwt and above carrying other oils, which do comply with the requirements for protectively located segregated ballast tanks
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Category 3: oil tankers of 5,000 dwt and above but less than the tonnage specified for Category 1 and 2 tankers.
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April 5, 2005 for ships delivered on April 5, 1977 or earlier;
2005 for ships delivered after April 5, 1977 but before January 1, 1978;
2006 for ships delivered in 1978 and 1979
2007 for ships delivered in 1980 and 1981
2008 for ships delivered in 1982
2009 for ships delivered in 1983
2010 for ships delivered in 1984 or later
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Under the revised regulations, a flag state may permit continued operation of certain Category 2 or 3 tankers beyond their phase-out date in accordance with the above schedule. Under regulation 13G, the flag state may allow for some newer single hull oil tankers registered in its country that conform to certain technical specifications to continue operating until the earlier of the anniversary of the date of delivery of the vessel in 2015 or the 25th anniversary of their delivery. Under regulations 13G and 13H, as described below, certain Category 2 and 3 tankers fitted only with double bottoms or double sides may be allowed by the flag state to continue operations until their 25th anniversary of delivery. Any port state, however, may deny entry of those single hull oil tankers that are allowed to operate under any of the flag state exemptions.
The following table summarizes the impact of such regulations on the Company's single hull and double sided tankers:
Vessel Name
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Vessel type
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Vessel Category
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Year Built
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IMO phase out
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Flag state exemption
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Titan Aries
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VLCC
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Double sided
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1993
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2018
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2018
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Front Ace *
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VLCC
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Single hull
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1993
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2010
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2015
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Titan Orion
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VLCC
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Single hull
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1992
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2010
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2015
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Ticen Ocean
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VLCC
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Single hull
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1991
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2010
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2015
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* Front Ace has been sold, with delivery to its new owner expected by the end of March 2011.
In October 2004, the MEPC adopted a unified interpretation of regulation 13G that clarified the delivery date for converted tankers. Under the interpretation, where an oil tanker has undergone a major conversion that has resulted in the replacement of the fore-body, including the entire cargo carrying section, the major conversion completion date shall be deemed to be the date of delivery of the ship, provided that:
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the oil tanker conversion was completed before July 6, 1996;
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the conversion included the replacement of the entire cargo section and fore-body and the tanker complies with all the relevant provisions of MARPOL Convention applicable at the date of completion of the major conversion; and
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the original delivery date of the oil tanker will apply when considering the 15 years of age threshold relating to the first technical specifications survey to be completed in accordance with MARPOL Convention.
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In December 2003, the MEPC adopted a new regulation 13H on the prevention of oil pollution from oil tankers when carrying heavy grade oil, or HGO, which includes most of the grades of marine fuel. The new regulation bans the carriage of HGO in single hull oil tankers of 5,000 dwt and above after April 5, 2005, and in single hull oil tankers of 600 dwt and above but less than 5,000 dwt upon the anniversary of their delivery in 2008.
Under regulation 13H, HGO means any of the following:
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crude oils having a density at 15ºC higher than 900 kg/m3;
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fuel oils having either a density at 15ºC higher than 900 kg/ m3 or a kinematic viscosity at 50ºC higher than 180 mm2/s; or
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bitumen, tar and their emulsions.
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Under regulation 13H, the flag state may allow continued operation of oil tankers of 5,000 dwt and above carrying crude oil with a density at 15ºC higher than 900 kg/m3 but lower than 945 kg/m3, that conform to certain technical specifications and if, in the opinion of the flag state, the ship is fit to continue such operation, having regard to the size, age, operational area and structural conditions of the ship and provided that the continued operation shall not go beyond the date on which the ship reaches 25 years after the date of its delivery. The flag state may also allow continued operation of a single-hull oil tanker of 600 dwt and above but less than 5,000 dwt carrying HGO as cargo if, in the opinion of the flag state, the ship is fit to continue such operation, having regard to the size, age, operational area and structural conditions of the ship, provided that the operation shall not go beyond the date on which the ship reaches 25 years after the date of its delivery.
The flag state may also exempt an oil tanker of 600 dwt and above carrying HGO as cargo if the ship is either engaged in voyages exclusively within an area under its jurisdiction, or is engaged in voyages exclusively within an area under the jurisdiction of another party, provided the party within whose jurisdiction the ship will be operating agrees. The same applies to vessels operating as floating storage units of HGO.
Any port state, however, can deny entry of single hull tankers carrying HGO, which have been allowed to continue operation under the exemptions mentioned above, into the port or offshore terminals under its jurisdiction or deny ship-to-ship transfer of HGO in areas under its jurisdiction, except when this is necessary for the purpose of securing the safety of a ship or saving life at sea.
Revised Annex 1 to the MARPOL Convention entered into force in January 2007. Revised Annex 1 incorporates various amendments adopted since the MARPOL Convention entered into force in 1983, including the amendments to regulation 13G (regulation 20 in the revised Annex) and regulation 13H (regulation 21 in the revised Annex). Revised Annex 1 also imposes construction requirements for oil tankers delivered on or after January 1, 2010. A further amendment to revised Annex 1 includes an amendment to the definition of HGO that will broaden the scope of regulation 21. On August 1, 2007 regulation 12A (an amendment to Annex I) came into force requiring fuel oil tanks to be located inside the double hull in all ships with an aggregate oil fuel capacity of 600m3 and above which are delivered on or after August 1, 2010, including ships for which the building contract is entered into on or after August 1, 2007 or, in the absence of a contract, for which the keel is laid on or after February 1, 2008.
Non-compliance with the ISM Code or with other IMO regulations may subject a shipowner or bareboat charterer to increased liability, may lead to decreases in available insurance coverage for affected vessels and may result in denial of access to, or detention in, some ports including United States and European Union ports.
Air Emissions
In September 1997, the IMO adopted Annex VI to MARPOL to address air pollution from ships. Effective May 2005, Annex VI sets limits on sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from all commercial vessel exhausts and prohibits deliberate emissions of ozone depleting substances (such as halons and chlorofluorocarbons), emissions of volatile organic compounds from cargo tanks, and the shipboard incineration of specific substances. Annex VI also includes a global cap on the sulfur content of fuel oil and allows for special areas to be established with more stringent controls on sulfur emissions. Additional or new conventions, laws and regulations may be adopted that could require the installation of expensive emission control systems and adversely affect our business, cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.
In October 2008, the MEPC adopted amendments to Annex VI regarding emissions of sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, particulate matter, and ozone-depleting substances, which entered into force on July 1, 2010. The amended Annex VI reduces air pollution from vessels by, among other things, (i) implementing a progressive reduction of sulfur oxide emissions from ships, by reducing the global sulfur fuel cap initially to 3.50% (from the current cap of 4.50%), effective from January 1, 2012, then progressively to 0.50%, effective from January 1, 2020, subject to a feasibility review to be completed no later than 2018; and (ii) establishing new tiers of stringent nitrogen oxide emissions standards for new marine engines, depending on their date of installation. The United States ratified the Annex VI amendments in October 2008, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, promulgated equivalent emissions standards in late 2009.
The MEPC has designated the area extending 200 miles from the territorial sea baseline adjacent to the Atlantic/Gulf and Pacific coasts and the eight main Hawaiian Islands as an Emission Control Area, or ECA, under the MARPOL Annex VI amendments. The new ECA will enter into force in August 2012, whereupon fuel used by all vessels operating in the ECA cannot exceed 1.0% sulfur, dropping to 0.1% sulfur in 2015. Additionally, from 2016 NOx after-treatment requirements will also apply. If other ECAs are approved by the IMO, or other new or more stringent requirements relating to emissions from maritime diesel engines or port operations by vessels are adopted by the EPA or the states where we operate, compliance with these regulations could entail significant capital expenditure or otherwise increase the costs of our operations.
With effect from January 1, 2010, the Directive 2005/33/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of July 6, 2005 amending Directive 1999/32/EC came into force. The objective of the directive is to reduce emission of sulfur dioxide from the combustion of petroleum derived fuels. This shall be achieved by imposing limits on the sulfur content of such fuels as a condition for their use within a Member State territory. The maximum sulfur content in fuels to be used by merchant ships whilst alongside a berth or wharf in EU countries after January 1, 2010, is 0.10% by volume. Ships owned by us may be supplied with low sulfur Marine Gas Oil as replacement for Marine Diesel Oil in the future. Although our vessels have carried out extensive tests and discharge operations using fuels which meet the specification of less than 0.10% sulfur, the technical complexity of meeting the new requirements may require modifications in the future.
Safety Requirements
The IMO has also adopted SOLAS and the International Convention on Load Lines 1966, or LL Convention, which impose a variety of standards to regulate design and operational features of ships. SOLAS and LL Convention standards are revised periodically. We believe that all our vessels are in substantial compliance with SOLAS and LL Convention standards.
Under Chapter IX of SOLAS, the requirements contained in the ISM Code, promulgated by the IMO, also affect our operations. The ISM Code requires the party with operational control of a vessel to develop an extensive safety management system that includes, among other things, the adoption of a safety and environmental protection policy setting forth instructions and procedures for operating its vessels safely and describing procedures for responding to emergencies. We intend to rely upon the safety management system that the appointed ship managers have developed.
The ISM Code requires that vessel managers or operators obtain a safety management certificate for each vessel they operate. This certificate evidences compliance by a vessel's management with ISM Code requirements for a safety management system. No vessel can obtain a safety management certificate unless its manager has been awarded a document of compliance, issued by each flag state, under the ISM Code. The appointed ship managers have obtained documents of compliance for their officers and safety management certificates for all of our vessels for which certificates are required by the IMO. These documents of compliance and safety management certificates are renewed as required.
Non-compliance with the ISM Code and other IMO regulations may subject the shipowner or bareboat charterer to increased liability, may lead to decreases in available insurance coverage for affected vessels and may result in the denial of access to, or detention in, some ports. The U.S. Coast Guard and European Union, or EU, authorities have indicated that vessels not in compliance with the ISM Code by the applicable deadlines will be prohibited from trading in U.S. and EU ports, as the case may be.
The IMO has negotiated international conventions that impose liability for oil pollution in international waters and a signatory's territorial waters. Additional or new conventions, laws and regulations may be adopted which could limit our ability to do business and which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Ballast Water Requirements
The IMO adopted an International Convention for the Control and Management of Ship's Ballast Water and Sediments, the BWM Convention, in February 2004. The BWM Convention's implementing regulations call for a phased introduction of mandatory ballast water exchange requirements beginning in 2009, to be replaced in time with mandatory concentration limits. The BWM Convention will not enter into force until 12 months after it has been adopted by 30 states, the combined merchant fleets of which represent not less than 35% of the gross tonnage of the world's merchant shipping. To date, there has not been sufficient adoption of this standard for it to take force. However, the MEPC passed a resolution in March 2010 encouraging the ratification of the BWM Convention and calling upon those countries that have already ratified to encourage the installation of ballast water management systems. If mid-ocean ballast exchange is made mandatory throughout the United States or internationally, or if ballast water treatment requirements or options are instituted, the cost of compliance could increase for ocean carriers, and the costs of ballast water treatment may be material.
Oil Pollution Liability
Although the United States is not a party, many countries have ratified and follow the liability plan adopted by the IMO and set out in the CLC. Under this convention and depending on whether the country in which the damage results is a party to the 1992 Protocol to the CLC, a vessel's registered owner is strictly liable for pollution damage caused in the territorial waters of a contracting state by discharge of persistent oil, subject under certain circumstances to certain defenses and limitations. Vessels trading to states that are parties to these conventions must provide evidence of insurance covering the liability of the owner. In jurisdictions where the CLC has not been adopted, various legislative schemes or common law govern, and liability is imposed either on the basis of fault or in a manner similar to the CLC. We believe that our insurance will cover the liability under the plan adopted by the IMO.
In 2001, the IMO adopted the International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, or the Bunker Convention, which imposes strict liability on ship owners for pollution damage in jurisdictional waters of ratifying states caused by discharges of bunker fuel. The Bunker Convention requires registered owners of ships over 1,000 gross tons to maintain insurance for pollution damage in an amount equal to the limits of liability under the applicable national or international limitation regime (but not exceeding the amount calculated in accordance with the Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims of 1976, as amended). The Bunker Convention has been ratified by a sufficient number of nations for entry into force, and became effective on November 21, 2008.
The IMO continues to review and introduce new regulations. It is difficult to accurately predict what additional regulations, if any, may be passed by the IMO in the future and what effect, if any, such regulations might have on our operations.
United States Requirements
In 1990, the U.S. Congress enacted OPA to establish an extensive regulatory and liability regime for environmental protection and cleanup of oil spills. OPA affects all owners and operators whose vessels trade with the U.S. or its territories or possessions, or whose vessels operate in the waters of the U.S., which include the U.S. territorial sea and the 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone around the U.S. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, or CERCLA, imposes liability for clean-up and natural resource damage from the release of hazardous substances (other than oil) whether on land or at sea. Both OPA and CERCLA impact our operations.
Under OPA, vessel owners, operators and bareboat charterers are responsible parties who are jointly, severally and strictly liable (unless the spill results solely from the act or omission of a third party, an act of God or an act of war) for all containment and clean-up costs and other damages arising from oil spills from their vessels. These other damages are defined broadly to include:
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natural resource damages and related assessment costs;
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real and personal property damages;
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net loss of taxes, royalties, rents, profits or earnings capacity;
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|
·
|
lost profits or impairments of earning capacity due to property or natural resources damage; and
|
|
·
|
net cost of public services necessitated by a spill response, such as protection from fire, safety or health hazards, and loss of subsistence use of natural resources.
|
Effective July 31, 2009, the U.S. Coast Guard adjusted the limits of OPA liability to the greater of $2,000 per gross ton or $17.088 million for any double-hull tanker that is over 3,000 gross tons (subject to possible adjustment for inflation), and the greater of $3,200 per gross ton or $23.496 million for any single-hull tanker that is over 3,000 gross tons (subject to possible adjustment for inflation). CERCLA, which applies to owners and operators of vessels, contains a similar liability regime and provides for cleanup, removal and natural resource damages. Liability under CERCLA is limited to the greater of $300 per gross ton or $5 million for vessels carrying a hazardous substance as cargo, and the greater of $300 per gross ton or $0.5 million for any other vessel. These OPA and CERCLA limits of liability do not apply if an incident is directly caused by violation of applicable U.S. federal safety, construction or operating regulations or by a responsible party's gross negligence or willful misconduct, or if a responsible party fails or refuses to report the incident or to cooperate and assist in connection with oil removal activities.
OPA and the U.S. Coast Guard also require owners and operators of vessels to establish and maintain with the U.S. Coast Guard evidence of financial responsibility sufficient to meet the limit of their potential liability under OPA and CERCLA. Vessel owners and operators may satisfy their financial responsibility obligations by providing a proof of insurance, a surety bond, self-insurance or a guaranty. We plan to comply with the U.S. Coast Guard's financial responsibility regulations by providing a certificate of responsibility evidencing self-insurance.
In response to the fire and explosion that took place on the drilling rig Deepwater Horizon in the Gulf of Mexico in April 2010, the U.S. Congress is currently considering a number of bills that could potentially modify or eliminate the limits of liability under OPA. Compliance with any new requirements of OPA may substantially impact our cost of operations or require us to incur additional expenses to comply with any new regulatory initiatives or statutes. Additional legislation or regulations applicable to the operation of our vessels that may be implemented in the future could adversely affect our business.
We expect to maintain pollution liability insurance coverage in the amount of $1.0 billion per incident for each of our vessels. If the damages from a catastrophic spill were to exceed our insurance coverage, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Under OPA, with certain limited exceptions, all newly-built or converted vessels operating in U.S. waters must be built with double-hulls, and existing vessels that do not comply with the double-hull requirement are prohibited from trading in U.S. waters as of dates ranging over a 20-year period (1995-2015) based on size, age and place of discharge, unless retrofitted with double-hulls. Notwithstanding the prohibition to trade schedule, the act currently permits existing single-hull and double-sided tankers to operate until the year 2015 if their operations within U.S. waters are limited to discharging at the Louisiana Offshore Oil Port or off-loading by lightering within authorized lightering zones more than 60 miles off-shore. Lightering is the process by which vessels at sea off-load their cargo to smaller vessels for ultimate delivery to the discharge port.
Owners or operators of tankers operating in the waters of the U.S. must file vessel response plans with the U.S. Coast Guard, and their tankers are required to operate in compliance with their U.S. Coast Guard approved plans. These response plans must, among other things:
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·
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address a worst-case scenario and identify and ensure, through contract or other approved means, the availability of necessary private response resources to respond to a worst-case discharge;
|
|
·
|
describe crew training and drills; and
|
|
·
|
identify a qualified individual with full authority to implement removal actions.
|
We have obtained vessel response plans approved by the U.S. Coast Guard for our vessels operating in the waters of the U.S. In addition, the U.S. Coast Guard has announced it intends to propose similar regulations requiring certain vessels to prepare response plans for the release of hazardous substances.
Other Environmental Initiatives
In addition, the U.S. Clean Water Act, or CWA, prohibits the discharge of oil, hazardous substances and ballast water in U.S. navigable waters unless authorized by a duly-issued permit or exemption, and imposes strict liability in the form of penalties for any unauthorized discharges. The CWA also imposes substantial liability for the costs of removal and remediation and damages, and complements the remedies available under OPA and CERCLA discussed above. Furthermore, most U.S. states that border a navigable waterway have enacted environmental pollution laws that impose strict liability on a person for removal costs and damages resulting from a discharge of oil or a release of a hazardous substance. These laws may be more stringent than U.S. federal law.
The EPA regulates the discharge of ballast water and other substances in U.S. waters under the CWA. Effective February 6, 2009, EPA regulations require vessels 79 feet in length or longer (other than commercial fishing vessels and recreational vessels) to comply with a Vessel General Permit authorizing ballast water discharges and other discharges incidental to the operation of vessels. The Vessel General Permit imposes technology and water-quality based effluent limits for certain types of discharges and establishes specific inspection, monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting requirements to ensure the effluent limits are met. U.S. Coast Guard regulations adopted under the U.S. National Invasive Species Act, or NISA, also impose mandatory ballast water management practices for all vessels equipped with ballast water tanks entering or operating in U.S. waters, and in 2009 the Coast Guard proposed new ballast water management standards and practices, including limits regarding ballast water releases. Compliance with the EPA and the U.S. Coast Guard regulations could require the installation of equipment on our vessels to treat ballast water before it is discharged or the implementation of other port facility disposal arrangements or procedures at potentially substantial cost, and/or otherwise restrict our vessels from entering U.S. waters.
The U.S. Clean Air Act of 1970, as amended by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 and 1990, or the CAA, requires the EPA to promulgate standards applicable to emissions of volatile organic compounds and other air contaminants. Our vessels are subject to vapor control and recovery requirements for certain cargoes when loading, unloading, ballasting, cleaning and conducting other operations in regulated port areas. Our vessels that operate in such port areas with restricted cargoes are equipped with vapor recovery systems that satisfy these requirements. The CAA also requires states to draft State Implementation Plans, or SIPs, designed to attain national health-based air quality standards in primarily major metropolitan and/or industrial areas. Several SIPs regulate emissions resulting from vessel loading and unloading operations by requiring the installation of vapor control equipment. As indicated above, our vessels operating in covered port areas are already equipped with vapor recovery systems that satisfy these requirements. Although a risk exists that new regulations could require significant capital expenditures and otherwise increase our costs, based on the regulations that have been proposed to date, we believe that no material capital expenditures beyond those currently contemplated and no material increase in costs are likely to be required.
Our vessels carry cargoes to U.S. waters regularly, and we believe that all of our vessels are suitable to meet OPA and other U.S. environmental requirements and that they would also qualify for trade if chartered to serve U.S. ports.
European Union Regulations
The EU has adopted legislation that would (1) ban manifestly sub-standard vessels (defined as those over 15 years old that have been detained by port authorities at least twice in a six-month period) from European waters and create an obligation of port states to inspect vessels posing a high risk to maritime safety or the marine environment, and (2) provide the EU with greater authority and control over classification societies, including the ability to seek to suspend or revoke the authority of negligent societies. In addition, EU regulations enacted in 2003 now prohibit all single-hull tankers from entering its ports or offshore terminals.
In October 2009, the EU adopted a directive to impose criminal sanctions for illicit ship-source discharges of polluting substances, including minor discharges, if committed with intent, recklessly or with serious negligence and if the discharges individually or in aggregate result in deterioration of the quality of water. Criminal liability for pollution may result in substantial penalties or fines and increased civil liability claims.
Greenhouse Gas Regulation
In February 2005, the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, or UNFCCC, which we refer to as the Kyoto Protocol, entered into force. Pursuant to the Kyoto Protocol, adopting countries are required to implement national programs to reduce emissions of certain gases, generally referred to as greenhouse gases, which are suspected of contributing to global warming. Currently, the emissions of greenhouse gases from international shipping are not subject to the Kyoto Protocol. However, international negotiations are continuing with respect to a successor to the Kyoto Protocol, which sets emission reduction targets through 2012, and restrictions on shipping emissions may be included in any new treaty. In December 2009, more than 27 nations, including the U.S. and China, signed the Copenhagen Accord, which includes a non-binding commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, the EU indicated that it intended to propose an expansion of the existing EU emissions trading scheme to include emissions of greenhouse gases from marine vessels, if such emissions were not regulated through the IMO or the UNFCCC by December 31, 2010, which did not occur.
In the U.S., the EPA has issued a final finding that greenhouse gases threaten public health and safety, and has promulgated regulations governing the emission of greenhouse gases from motor vehicles. The EPA may decide in the future to regulate greenhouse gas emissions from ships, and has already been petitioned by the California Attorney General and a coalition of environmental groups to regulate greenhouse gas emissions from ocean-going vessels. Other federal and state regulations relating to the control of greenhouse gas emissions may follow, including the climate change initiatives that are being considered in the U.S. Congress. In addition, the IMO is evaluating various mandatory measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping, including market-based instruments. Any passage of climate control legislation or other regulatory initiatives by the EU, U.S., IMO or other countries where we operate that restrict emissions of greenhouse gases could require us to make significant financial expenditures which we cannot predict with certainty at this time.
Offshore Drilling Regulations
Our offshore drilling units are subject to many of the above environmental laws and regulations relating to vessels, but also subject to laws and regulations focused on offshore drilling operations.
For example, the U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement, or BOEMRE, periodically issues guidelines for rig fitness requirements in the Gulf of Mexico and may take other steps that could increase the cost of operations or reduce the area of operations for the Company's units, thus reducing their marketability. Implementation of BOEMRE guidelines or regulations may subject us to increased costs or limit the operational capabilities of our units, and could materially and adversely affect the our operations and financial condition.
In addition to the MARPOL, OPA, and CERCLA requirements described above, our international operations in the offshore drilling segment are subject to various laws and regulations in countries in which we operate, including laws and regulations relating to the importation of and operation of drilling units and equipment, currency conversions and repatriation, oil and gas exploration and development, environmental protection, taxation of offshore earnings and earnings of expatriate personnel, the use of local employees and suppliers by foreign contractors and duties on the importation and exportation of drilling units and other equipment. New environmental or safety laws and regulations could be enacted, which could adversely affect our ability to operate in certain jurisdictions. Governments in some countries have become increasingly active in regulating and controlling the ownership of concessions and companies holding concessions, the exploration for oil and gas and other aspects of the oil and gas industries in their countries. In some areas of the world, this governmental activity has adversely affected the amount of exploration and development work done by major oil and gas companies and may continue to do so. Operations in less developed countries can be subject to legal systems that are not as mature or predictable as those in more developed countries, which can lead to greater uncertainty in legal matters and proceedings. Implementation of new environmental laws or regulations that may apply to ultra-deepwater drilling units may subject us to increased costs or limit the operational capabilities of our drilling units and could materially and adversely affect our operations and financial condition.
Vessel Security Regulations
Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 there have been a variety of initiatives intended to enhance vessel security. On November 25, 2002, the U.S. Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002, or MTSA, came into effect. To implement certain portions of the MTSA, in July 2003 the U.S. Coast Guard issued regulations requiring the implementation of certain security requirements aboard vessels operating in waters subject to the jurisdiction of the U.S. Similarly, in December 2002 amendments to SOLAS created a new chapter of the convention dealing specifically with maritime security. The new chapter became effective in July 2004 and imposes various detailed security obligations on vessels and port authorities, most of which are contained in the International Ship and Port Facilities Security Code, or the ISPS Code. The ISPS Code is designed to protect ports and international shipping against terrorism. After July 1, 2004, in order to trade internationally a vessel must attain an International Ship Security Certificate, or ISSC, from a recognized security organization approved by the vessel's flag state. Among the various requirements are:
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on-board installation of automatic identification systems to provide a means for the automatic transmission of safety-related information from among similarly equipped ships and shore stations, including information on a ship's identity, position, course, speed and navigational status;
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·
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on-board installation of ship security alert systems, which do not sound on the vessel but only alerts the authorities on shore;
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|
·
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the development of vessel security plans;
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|
·
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ship identification number to be permanently marked on a vessel's hull;
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·
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a continuous synopsis record kept onboard showing a vessel's history including the name of the ship and of the state whose flag the ship is entitled to fly, the date on which the ship was registered with that state, the ship's identification number, the port at which the ship is registered and the name of the registered owner(s) and their registered address; and
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·
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compliance with flag state security certification requirements.
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The U.S. Coast Guard regulations, intended to align with international maritime security standards, exempt from MTSA vessel security measures non-U.S. vessels that have on board as of July 1, 2004, a valid ISSC attesting to the vessel's compliance with SOLAS security requirements and the ISPS Code. We have implemented the various security measures addressed by MTSA, SOLAS and the ISPS Code, and our fleet is in compliance with applicable security requirements.
Inspection by Classification Societies
Classification Societies are independent organizations that establish and apply technical standards in relation to the design, construction and survey of marine facilities including ships and offshore structures. The classification society certifies that the vessel is "in class", signifying that the vessel has been built and maintained in accordance with the rules of the classification society and complies with applicable rules and regulations of the vessel's country of registry and the international conventions of which that country is a member. In addition, where surveys are required by international conventions and corresponding laws of a flag state, the classification society will undertake them on application or by official order, acting on behalf of the authorities concerned.
The classification society also undertakes on request other surveys and checks that are required by regulations and requirements of the flag state. These surveys are subject to agreements made in each individual case and/or to the regulations of the country concerned.
For maintenance of the class, regular and extraordinary surveys of hull, machinery, including the electrical plant, and any special equipment classed are required to be performed as follows:
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Annual surveys: For seagoing ships, annual surveys are conducted for the hull, machinery, including the electrical plant, and where applicable for special equipment classes, at intervals of 12 months from the date of commencement of the class period indicated on the certificate.
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·
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Intermediate surveys: Extended annual surveys are referred to as intermediate surveys and typically are conducted two and a half years after commissioning and each class renewal. Intermediate surveys may be carried out on the occasion of the second or third annual survey.
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Class renewal surveys: Class renewal surveys, also known as special surveys, are carried out for the ship's hull, machinery, including the electrical plant, and for any special equipment classed, at the intervals indicated by the character of classification for the hull. At the special survey the vessel is thoroughly examined, including ultrasonic thickness gauging to determine the thickness of steel structures. Should the thickness be found to be less than class requirements, the classification society would prescribe steel renewals. The classification society may grant a one year grace period for completion of the special survey. Substantial amounts of money may have to be spent for steel renewals to pass a special survey if the vessel experiences excessive wear and tear. In lieu of the special survey every five years, depending on whether a grace period was granted, a ship owner has the option of arranging with the classification society for the vessel's hull or machinery to be on a continuous survey cycle, in which every part of the vessel would be surveyed within a five year cycle. At an owner's application, the surveys required for class renewal may be split according to an agreed schedule to extend over the entire period of class. This process is referred to as continuous class renewal.
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All areas subject to survey as defined by the classification society are required to be surveyed at least once per class period, unless shorter intervals between surveys are prescribed elsewhere. The period between two subsequent surveys of each area must not exceed five years.
Vessels less than 15 years of age are drydocked every 60 months while older vessels are drydocked every 30 to 36 months for inspection of the underwater parts and for repairs related to inspections. If any defects are found, the classification surveyor will issue a recommendation which must be rectified by the ship owner within prescribed time limits.
C. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
See Exhibit 8.1 for a list of our significant subsidiaries.
D. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
We own a substantially modern fleet of vessels. The following table sets forth the fleet that we own or have contracted for delivery as of March 22, 2011.
Vessel
|
Approximate
|
Construction
|
|
Charter
|
Charter Termination
|
Built
|
Dwt.
|
Flag
|
Classification
|
Date
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
VLCCs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ticen Ocean (ex Front Lady)
|
1991
|
284,000
|
Single-hull
|
PAN
|
Operating lease
|
2015 (1)
|
Titan Orion (ex Front Duke)
|
1992
|
284,000
|
Single-hull
|
PAN
|
Operating lease
|
2014 (1)
|
Front Ace
|
1993
|
276,000
|
Single-hull
|
LIB
|
Operating lease
|
2011 (5)
|
Titan Aries (ex Edinburgh)
|
1993
|
302,000
|
Double-side
|
LIB
|
Operating lease
|
2013 (1)
|
Front Century
|
1998
|
311,000
|
Double-hull
|
MI
|
Capital lease
|
2021
|
Front Champion
|
1998
|
311,000
|
Double-hull
|
BA
|
Capital lease
|
2022
|
Front Vanguard
|
1998
|
300,000
|
Double-hull
|
MI
|
Capital lease
|
2021
|
Front Circassia
|
1999
|
306,000
|
Double-hull
|
MI
|
Capital lease
|
2021
|
Front Opalia
|
1999
|
302,000
|
Double-hull
|
MI
|
Capital lease
|
2022
|
Front Comanche
|
1999
|
300,000
|
Double-hull
|
FRA
|
Capital lease
|
2022
|
Golden Victory
|
1999
|
300,000
|
Double-hull
|
MI
|
Capital lease
|
2022
|
Ocana (ex Front Commerce)
|
1999
|
300,000
|
Double-hull
|
IoM
|
Capital lease
|
2022
|
Front Scilla
|
2000
|
303,000
|
Double-hull
|
MI
|
Capital lease
|
2023
|
Oliva (ex Ariake)
|
2001
|
299,000
|
Double-hull
|
BA
|
Capital lease
|
2023
|
Front Serenade
|
2002
|
299,000
|
Double-hull
|
LIB
|
Capital lease
|
2024
|
Otina (ex Hakata)
|
2002
|
298,465
|
Double-hull
|
IoM
|
Capital lease
|
2025
|
Ondina (ex Front Stratus)
|
2002
|
299,000
|
Double-hull
|
LIB
|
Capital lease
|
2025
|
Front Falcon
|
2002
|
309,000
|
Double-hull
|
BA
|
Capital lease
|
2025
|
Front Page
|
2002
|
299,000
|
Double-hull
|
LIB
|
Capital lease
|
2025
|
Front Energy
|
2004
|
305,000
|
Double-hull
|
CYP
|
Capital lease
|
2027
|
Onoba (ex Front Force)
|
2004
|
305,000
|
Double-hull
|
MI
|
Capital lease
|
2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Suezmaxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Front Pride
|
1993
|
150,000
|
Double-hull
|
MI
|
Capital lease
|
2017
|
Front Glory
|
1995
|
150,000
|
Double-hull
|
MI
|
Capital lease
|
2018
|
Front Splendour
|
1995
|
150,000
|
Double-hull
|
MI
|
Capital lease
|
2019
|
Front Ardenne
|
1997
|
153,000
|
Double-hull
|
MI
|
Capital lease
|
2020
|
Front Brabant
|
1998
|
153,000
|
Double-hull
|
MI
|
Capital lease
|
2021
|
Mindanao
|
1998
|
159,000
|
Double-hull
|
SG
|
Capital lease
|
2021
|
Glorycrown
|
2009
|
156,000
|
Double-hull
|
HK
|
Capital lease
|
2014 (2)
|
Everbright
|
2010
|
156,000
|
Double-hull
|
HK
|
Capital lease
|
2015 (2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chemical Tankers
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maria Victoria V
|
2008
|
17,000
|
Double-hull
|
PAN
|
Operating lease
|
2018
|
SC Guangzhou
|
2008
|
17,000
|
Double-hull
|
PAN
|
Operating lease
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OBO Carriers
|
|
|
|
|
|
Front Breaker
|
1991
|
169,000
|
Double-hull
|
MI
|
Capital lease
|
2015
|
Front Climber
|
1991
|
169,000
|
Double-hull
|
SG
|
Capital lease
|
2015
|
Front Driver
|
1991
|
169,000
|
Double-hull
|
MI
|
Capital lease
|
2015
|
Front Guider
|
1991
|
169,000
|
Double-hull
|
SG
|
Capital lease
|
2015
|
Front Leader
|
1991
|
169,000
|
Double-hull
|
SG
|
Capital lease
|
2015
|
Front Rider
|
1992
|
170,000
|
Double-hull
|
SG
|
Capital lease
|
2015
|
Front Striver
|
1992
|
169,000
|
Double-hull
|
SG
|
Capital lease
|
2015
|
Front Viewer
|
1992
|
169,000
|
Double-hull
|
SG
|
Capital lease
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handysize Drybulk Carriers
|
|
|
|
|
|
TBN/ SFL Clyde (NB)
|
2012
|
32,000
|
n/a
|
HK
|
n/a
|
2015(6)
|
TBN/ SFL Dee (NB)
|
2012
|
32,000
|
n/a
|
HK
|
n/a
|
2015(6)
|
TBN/ SFL Trent (NB)
|
2011
|
34,000
|
n/a
|
HK
|
n/a
|
2016(6)
|
TBN/ SFL Kent (NB)
|
2012
|
34,000
|
n/a
|
HK
|
n/a
|
2017(6)
|
TBN/ SFL Tyne (NB)
|
2011
|
32,000
|
n/a
|
HK
|
n/a
|
2014(6)
|
TBN/ SFL Spey (NB)
|
2011
|
34,000
|
n/a
|
HK
|
n/a
|
2016(6)
|
TBN/ SFL Medway (NB)
|
2011
|
34,000
|
n/a
|
HK
|
n/a
|
2016(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supramax Drybulk Carriers
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SFL Hudson
|
2009
|
57,000
|
n/a
|
HK
|
Operating lease
|
2020
|
SFL Yukon
|
2010
|
57,000
|
n/a
|
HK
|
Operating lease
|
2018
|
SFL Sara
|
2011
|
57,000
|
n/a
|
HK
|
Operating lease
|
2019
|
TBN/ SFL Kate (NB)
|
2011
|
57,000
|
n/a
|
HK
|
n/a
|
2021(6)
|
TBN/ SFL Humber (NB)
|
2011
|
57,000
|
n/a
|
HK
|
n/a
|
2021(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Containerships
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SFL Europa (ex Montemar Europa)
|
2003
|
1,700 TEU
|
n/a
|
MI
|
Operating lease
|
2011
|
Asian Ace (ex Sea Alfa)
|
2005
|
1,700 TEU
|
n/a
|
MAL
|
Operating lease
|
2020 (2)
|
Green Ace (ex Sea Beta)
|
2005
|
1,700 TEU
|
n/a
|
MAL
|
Operating lease
|
2020 (2)
|
Horizon Hunter
|
2006
|
2,800 TEU
|
n/a
|
U.S.
|
Operating lease
|
2018 (2)
|
Horizon Hawk
|
2007
|
2,800 TEU
|
n/a
|
U.S.
|
Operating lease
|
2019 (2)
|
Horizon Falcon
|
2007
|
2,800 TEU
|
n/a
|
U.S.
|
Operating lease
|
2019 (2)
|
Horizon Eagle
|
2007
|
2,800 TEU
|
n/a
|
U.S.
|
Operating lease
|
2019 (2)
|
Horizon Tiger
|
2006
|
2,800 TEU
|
n/a
|
U.S.
|
Operating lease
|
2019 (2)
|
SFL Avon
|
2010
|
1,700 TEU
|
n/a
|
MI
|
Operating lease
|
2011
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jack-Up Drilling Rigs
|
|
|
|
|
|
West Prospero
|
2007
|
400 ft
|
n/a
|
PAN
|
Capital lease
|
2022 (2)
|
Soehanah
|
2007
|
375 ft
|
n/a
|
PAN
|
n/a
|
2018 (7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ultra-Deepwater Drill Units
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
West Polaris
|
2008
|
10,000 ft
|
n/a
|
PAN
|
Capital lease
|
2023 (2)
|
West Hercules
|
2008
|
10,000 ft
|
n/a
|
PAN
|
Capital lease
|
2023 (2)
|
West Taurus
|
2008
|
10,000 ft
|
n/a
|
PAN
|
Capital lease
|
2023 (2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Offshore supply vessels
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sea Leopard
|
1998
|
AHTS (3)
|
n/a
|
CYP
|
Capital lease
|
2020 (2)
|
Sea Bear
|
1999
|
AHTS (3)
|
n/a
|
CYP
|
Capital lease
|
2020 (2)
|
Sea Cheetah
|
2007
|
AHTS (3)
|
n/a
|
CYP
|
Operating lease
|
2019 (2)
|
Sea Jaguar
|
2007
|
AHTS (3)
|
n/a
|
CYP
|
Operating lease
|
2019 (2)
|
Sea Halibut
|
2007
|
PSV (4)
|
n/a
|
CYP
|
Operating lease
|
2019 (2)
|
Sea Pike
|
2007
|
PSV (4)
|
n/a
|
CYP
|
Operating lease
|
2019 (2)
|
NB – Newbuilding
Key to Flags:
BA – Bahamas, CYP - Cyprus, MAL – Malta, FRA - France, IoM - Isle of Man, HK – Hong Kong, LIB - Liberia, MI - Marshall Islands, PAN – Panama, SG - Singapore, U.S. - United States of America.
(1) Charter subject to early termination at the Frontline Charterer's option.
(2) Charterer has purchase options during the term of the charter.
(3) Anchor handling tug supply vessel (AHTS).
(4) Platform supply vessel (PSV).
(5) Front Ace has been sold, with delivery to its new owner expected in March 2011.
(6) Charter has been agreed.
(7) Charter has been agreed and includes purchase options.
In addition to the above vessels, in March 2011, we announced that we have entered into an agreement, together with CMA CGM, the constructing shipyard and a financial institution, to acquire and charter-in two 2010-built 13,800 TEU container vessels in combination with 15-year time charters back to CMA CGM. Our investment is limited to $25 million per vessel, secured by junior mortgages.
Other than our interests in the vessels and drilling units described above, we do not own any material physical properties. We do not own any real property. We lease office space in Oslo from Frontline Management, in London from Golar LNG Limited and in Singapore from Seadrill, all related parties.
ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None
ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with Item 3 "Selected Financial Data", Item 4 "Information on the Company" and our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included herein.
Overview
Following our spin-off from Frontline and purchase of our original fleet in 2004, we have established ourselves as a leading international maritime asset owning company with one of the largest asset bases across the maritime and offshore industries. A full fleet list is provided in Item 4.D "Information on the Company" showing the assets that we currently own and charter to our customers.
Fleet Development
The following table summarizes the development of our active fleet of vessels.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total fleet
|
Additions/
|
Total fleet
|
Additions/
|
Total fleet
|
|
December 31,
|
Disposals
|
December 31,
|
disposals
|
December 31,
|
|
2008
|
2009
|
2009
|
2010
|
2010
|
Oil Tankers
|
33
|
+1
|
-2
|
32
|
+1
|
-3
|
30
|
Chemical tankers
|
2
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
2
|
OBO / Dry bulk carriers
|
9
|
|
|
9
|
+2
|
-1
|
10
|
Container vessels
|
8
|
|
|
8
|
+1
|
|
9
|
Jack-up drilling rigs
|
2
|
|
-1
|
1
|
|
|
1
|
Ultra-deepwater drill units
|
3
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
3
|
Offshore supply vessels
|
6
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
6
|
Total Active Fleet
|
63
|
+1
|
-3
|
61
|
+4
|
-4
|
61
|
The following deliveries have taken place or are scheduled to take place after December 31, 2010:
|
·
|
the Suezmax oil tankers Glorycrown and Everbright are scheduled for delivery to their new owners in 2014 and 2015, respectively;
|
|
·
|
the jack-up drilling rig Soehanah was delivered to us in February 2011;
|
|
·
|
the Supramax drybulk carrier SFL Sara was delivered to us in February 2011;
|
|
·
|
two newbuilding Supramax drybulk carriers are scheduled for delivery to us in 2011;
|
|
·
|
seven newbuilding Handysize drybulk carriers are scheduled for delivery to us in 2011 and 2012; and
|
|
·
|
the single-hull VLCCs Ticen Sun (ex Front Highness) and Front Ace have been sold, with the former being delivered to its new owner in February 2011 and the latter scheduled for delivery to its new owner in March 2011.
|
|
·
|
in March 2011, we announced that we have entered into an agreement, together with CMA CGM, the constructing shipyard and a financial institution, to acquire and charter-in two 2010-built 13,800 TEU container vessels in combination with 15-year time charters back to CMA CGM. Our investment is limited to $25 million per vessel, secured by junior mortgages. The vessels are expected to be delivered before the end of April 2011.
|
Factors Affecting Our Current and Future Results
Principal factors that have affected our results since 2004 and are expected to affect our future results of operations and financial position include:
|
·
|
the earnings of our vessels under time charters and bareboat charters to the Frontline Charterers, the Seadrill Charterers and other charterers;
|
|
·
|
the amount we receive under the profit sharing arrangements with the Frontline Charterers and other charterers;
|
|
·
|
the earnings and expenses related to any additional vessels that we acquire;
|
|
·
|
earnings from the sale of assets;
|
|
·
|
vessel management fees and expenses;
|
|
·
|
administrative expenses;
|
|
·
|
mark-to-market adjustments to the valuation of our interest rate swaps and other derivative financial instruments.
|
Revenues
Our revenues derive primarily from our long-term, fixed-rate charters. Most of the vessels that we have acquired from Frontline are chartered to the Frontline Charterers under long-term time charters that are generally accounted for as direct financing leases.
Direct financing and sales-type lease interest income reduces over the terms of our leases as progressively a lesser proportion of the lease rental payment is allocated as lease interest income, and a higher amount is treated as repayment of the lease.
Our future earnings are dependent upon the continuation of our existing lease arrangements and our continued investment in new lease arrangements. Future earnings may also be significantly affected by the sale of vessels. Investments and sales which have affected our earnings since January 1, 2010, are listed in Item 4 above under acquisitions and disposals. Some of our lease arrangements contain purchase options which, if exercised by our charterers, will affect our future leasing revenues.
We have profit sharing agreements with some of our charterers, in particular with the Frontline Charterers. Revenues received under profit sharing agreements depend upon the returns generated by the charterers from the deployment of our vessels. These returns are subject to market conditions which have historically been subject to significant volatility.
Vessel Management Expenses
Our vessel-owning subsidiaries with vessels on charter to the Frontline Charterers have entered into fixed rate management agreements with Frontline Management, under which Frontline Management is responsible for all technical management of the vessels. These subsidiaries each pay Frontline Management a fixed fee of $6,500 per day per vessel for all of the above services. Three of our vessels on charter to the Frontline Charterers are currently sub-chartered on bareboat terms, under which the charterer is responsible for all vessel management and operating costs. During the period of the sub-charters, the fixed fee of $6,500 per day per vessel payable to Frontline Management is suspended.
In addition to the vessels on charter to the Frontline Charterers, we also have two 1,700 TEU container vessels and three Supramax drybulk carriers employed on time charters. Additionally, the seven Handysize drybulk carriers and two Supramax drybulk carriers currently under construction are scheduled to be employed on time charters following delivery from the shipyards. We have outsourced the technical management for these vessels and we pay operating expenses for the vessels as they are incurred. The remaining vessels we own that have charters attached to them are employed on bareboat charters, where the charterer pays all operating expenses, including maintenance, drydocking and insurance.
Administrative Expenses
We have entered into an administrative services agreement with Frontline Management under which they provide us with certain administrative support services, and have agreed to reimburse them for reasonable third party costs, if any, advanced on our behalf. Some of the compensation paid to Frontline Management is based on cost sharing for the services rendered based on actual incurred costs plus a margin.
Interest Expenses
Other than the interest expense associated with our 8.5% Senior Notes, our 3.75% convertible senior unsecured bonds and our NOK500 million senior unsecured bonds, the amount of our interest expense will be dependent on our overall borrowing levels and may significantly increase when we acquire vessels or on the delivery of newbuildings. Interest incurred during the construction of a newbuilding is capitalized in the cost of the newbuilding. Interest expense may also change with prevailing interest rates, although the effect of these changes may be reduced by interest rate swaps or other derivative instruments that we enter into.
Mark-to-Market Adjustments
In order to hedge against fluctuations in interest rates, we have entered into interest rate swaps which effectively fix the interest payable on a portion of our floating rate debt. We have also entered into interest/currency swaps in order to fix both the interest and exchange rates applicable to the payment of interest and eventual settlement on our floating rate NOK bonds. Although the intention is to hold such financial instruments until maturity, US GAAP requires us to record them at market valuation in our financial statements. Adjustments to the mark-to-market valuation of these derivative financial instruments, which are caused by variations in interest and exchange rates, are reflected in results of operations and other comprehensive income. Accordingly, our financial results may be affected by fluctuations in interest and exchange rates.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The following is a discussion of the accounting policies we apply that are considered to involve a higher degree of judgment in their application. See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for details of all of our material accounting policies.
Revenue Recognition
Revenues are generated from time charter and bareboat charter hires, and profit sharing arrangements, and are recognized on an accrual basis. Each charter agreement is evaluated and classified as an operating lease or a capital lease (see Leases below). Rental receipts from operating leases are recognized in income over the period to which the payment relates.
Rental payments from direct financing and sales-type leases are allocated between lease service revenues, if applicable, lease interest income and repayment of net investment in leases. The amount allocated to lease service revenue is based on the estimated fair value, at the time of entering the lease agreement, of the services provided which consist of ship management and operating services.
Any contingent elements of rental income, such as profit share or interest rate adjustments, are recognized when the contingent conditions have materialized and the rentals are due and collectible.
The Frontline Charterers have agreed to pay us a profit sharing payment equal to 20% of the charter revenues they realize on our fleet above specified threshold levels, paid annually and calculated on an average daily TCE basis. The non-double hull tankers have been excluded from the annual profit sharing payment calculation since the relevant vessels' anniversary dates in 2010. For each profit sharing period, the threshold is calculated as the number of days in the period multiplied by the daily threshold TCE rates for the applicable vessels. Profit sharing revenues are recorded when earned and realizable.
Vessels and Depreciation
The cost of vessels and rigs less estimated residual value are depreciated on a straight line basis over their estimated remaining economic useful lives. The estimated economic useful life of our offshore assets, including drilling rigs and drillships, is 30 years and for all other vessels it is 25 years. These are common life expectancies applied in the shipping and offshore industries.
If the estimated economic useful life or estimated residual value of a particular vessel is incorrect, or circumstances change and the estimated economic useful life and/or residual value have to be revised, an impairment loss could result in future periods. We monitor the carrying values of our vessels, including direct financing lease assets, and revise the estimated useful lives and residual values of any vessels where appropriate, particularly when new regulations are implemented.
Leases
Leases (charters) of our vessels where we are the lessor are classified as either operating leases or capital leases, based on an assessment of the terms of the lease. For charters classified as capital leases, the minimum lease payments, reduced in the case of time-chartered vessels by projected vessel operating costs, plus the estimated residual value of the vessel are recorded as the gross investment in the lease.
For direct financing leases, the difference between the gross investment in the lease and the carrying value of the vessel is recorded as unearned lease interest income. The net investment in the lease consists of the gross investment less the unearned income. Over the period of the lease each charter payment received, net of vessel operating costs if applicable, is allocated between "lease interest income" and "repayment of investment in lease" in such a way as to produce a constant percentage rate of return on the balance of the net investment in the lease. Thus, as the balance of the net investment in each direct financing lease decreases, a lower proportion of each lease payment received is allocated to lease interest income and a greater proportion is allocated to lease repayment. For direct financing leases relating to time chartered vessels, the portion of each time charter payment received that relates to vessel operating costs is classified as "lease service revenue".
The implicit rate of return for each of the Company's direct financing leases is derived according to ASC Topic 840 "Leases" using the fair value of the asset at the lease inception (which is either the cost of the asset if acquired from an unrelated third party, or independent valuation if acquired from a related party), the minimum contractual lease payments and the estimated residual values.
For sales-type leases, the difference between the gross investment in the lease and the sum of the present values of the two components of the gross investment is recorded as unearned lease interest income. The discount rate used in determining the present values (or fair value) is the interest rate implicit in the lease, as defined in ASC Topic 840-10-20. The present value of the minimum lease payments, computed using the interest rate implicit in the lease, is recorded as the sales price, from which the carrying value of the vessel at the commencement of the lease is deducted in order to determine the profit or loss on sale. As is the case for direct financing leases, the unearned lease interest income is amortized to income over the period of the lease so as to produce a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment in the lease. In addition, in the case of a sales-type lease, the difference between the fair value (or sales price) and the carrying value (or cost) of the asset is recognized as "profit on sale" in the period in which the lease commences.
We estimate the unguaranteed residual value of our direct financing lease assets at the end of the lease period by calculating depreciation in accordance with our accounting policies over the estimated useful life of the asset. Residual values are reviewed at least annually to ensure that original estimates remain appropriate.
There is a degree of uncertainty involved in the estimation of the unguaranteed residual values of assets leased under both operating and capital leases. Global effects of supply and demand for oil and other cargoes, and changes in international government regulations cause volatility in the spot market for second-hand vessels. Where assets are held until the end of their useful lives the unguaranteed residual value (i.e. scrap value) will fluctuate with the price of steel and any changes in laws related to the ship scrapping process, commonly known as ship breaking.
Classification of a lease involves the use of estimates or assumptions about fair values of leased vessels and expected future values of vessels. We generally base our estimates of fair value on independent broker valuations of each of our vessels. Our estimates of expected future values of vessels are based on current fair values amortized in accordance with our standard depreciation policy for owned vessels.
Fixed Price Purchase Options
Where an asset is subject to an operating lease that includes fixed price purchase options, the projected net book value of the asset is compared to the option price at the various option dates. If any option price is less than the projected net book value at an option date, the initial depreciation schedule is amended so that the carrying value of the asset is written down on a straight line basis to the option price at the option date. If the option is not exercised, this process is repeated so as to amortize the remaining carrying value, on a straight line basis, to the estimated scrap value or the option price at the next option date, as appropriate.
Similarly, where a direct financing or sales-type lease relates to a charter arrangement containing fixed price purchase options, the projected carrying value of the net investment in the lease is compared to the option price at the various option dates. If any option price is less than the projected net investment in the lease at an option date, the rate of amortization of unearned finance lease interest income is adjusted to reduce the net investment in the lease to the option price at the option date. If the option is not exercised, this process is repeated so as to reduce the net investment in the lease to the un-guaranteed residual value or the option price at the next option date, as appropriate.
Thus, for operating assets and direct financing and sales-type lease assets, if an option is exercised there will either be (a) no gain or loss on the exercise of the option or (b) in the event that an option is exercised at a price in excess of the net book value of the asset or the net investment in the lease, as appropriate, at the option date, a gain will be reported in the statement of operations at the date of delivery to the new owners.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The vessels and rigs held and used by us are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. In assessing the recoverability of carrying amounts, we must make assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows. These assumptions include assumptions about spot market rates, operating costs and the estimated economic useful life of these assets. In making these assumptions we refer to historical trends and performance as well as any known future factors. Factors we consider important which could affect recoverability and trigger impairment include significant underperformance relative to expected operating results, new regulations that change the estimated useful economic lives of our vessels and rigs and significant negative industry or economic trends.
In the second quarter of 2009, the Company carried out a review of the carrying value of its vessels, drilling rigs and long-term investment in the second quarter of the year ended December 31, 2009, and concluded that the carrying values of its six single-hull vessels, excluding those sold under sales-type lease agreements, and its investment were impaired. Following the impairment charges taken against these assets, the review of the carrying value of long-lived assets as at December 31, 2010, indicated that none of the Company's asset values are further impaired.
Vessel Market Values
During the past few years, the market values of vessels have experienced particular volatility, with substantial declines in many vessel classes. As a result, the charter-free market value of certain of our vessels may have declined below those vessels' carrying value. However, we would not impair those vessels' carrying value under our accounting impairment policy, because the future cash flows receivable from the vessels' existing charters and their remaining operating lives generally exceed such vessels' carrying values.
As we obtain information from various industry and other sources, our estimates of vessel market values are inherently uncertain. In addition, vessel values are highly volatile and any estimate of market value may not be indicative of the current or future basic market value of our vessels or prices that we could achieve if we were to sell them. Moreover, we are not holding our vessels for sale, except as otherwise noted in this report, and many of our vessels are currently employed under long-term charters or leases or other arrangements. There is not a ready liquid market for vessels that are subject to such arrangements.
We will report, in subsequent filings, whether the aggregate market value of our owned vessels is lower than the aggregate historical book value, and if so, to what extent.
Mark-to-Market Valuation of Financial Instruments
The Company enters into interest rate and currency swap transactions, total return bond swaps and total return equity swaps. As required by ASC Topic 815 "Derivatives and Hedging", the mark-to-market valuations of these transactions are recognized as assets or liabilities, with changes in their fair value recognized in the consolidated statements of operations or, in the case of swaps designated as hedges to underlying loans, in other comprehensive income. To determine the market valuation of these instruments, we use a variety of assumptions that are based on market conditions and risks existing at each balance sheet date. All methods of assessing fair value result in a general approximation of value, and such value may never actually be realized.
Variable Interest Entities
A variable interest entity is defined in ASC Topic 810 "Consolidation" ("ASC 810") as a legal entity where either (a) the total equity at risk is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated support; (b) equity interest holders as a group lack either i) the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact on its economic success, ii) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity, or iii) the right to receive the expected residual returns of the entity; or (c) the voting rights of some investors in the entity are not proportional to their economic interests and the activities of the entity involve or are conducted on behalf of an investor with a disproportionately small voting interest.
ASC 810 requires a variable interest entity to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary, being the interest holder, if any, which has both (1) the power to direct the activities of the entity which most significantly impact on the entity's economic performance, and (2) the right to receive benefits or the obligation to absorb losses from the entity which could potentially be significant to the entity.
In applying the provisions of ASC 810, we must make assessments in respect of, but not limited to, the sufficiency of the equity investment in the underlying entity and the extent to which interest holders have the power to direct activities. These assessments include assumptions about future revenues and operating costs, fair values of assets, and estimated economic useful lives of assets of the underlying entity.
Recent accounting pronouncements
In December 2009, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2009-17 "Improvements to Financial Reporting by Enterprises Involved with Variable interest Entities" ("ASU 2009-17"). ASU 2009-17 amends the evaluation criteria to identify the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity provided by FASB Interpretation No. 46(R). Additionally, ASU 2009-17 requires ongoing reassessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity and additional disclosures. The adoption of ASU 2009-17 by the Company with effect from January 1, 2010, did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
In January 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-01 "Accounting for Distributions to Shareholders with Components of Stock and Cash" ("ASU 2010-01") in order to eliminate diversity in the way different enterprises reflect new shares issued as part of a distribution in their calculation of Earnings Per Share ("EPS"). The provisions of ASU 2010-01 are effective on a retrospective basis and their adoption had no impact on the Company's reported EPS.
In January 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-06 "Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements" ("ASU 2010-06"), to add new requirements for disclosures about transfers into and out of Levels 1 and 2 and separate disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements related to Level 3 measurements. The adoption of ASU 2010-06 with effect from January 1, 2010, did not have a material impact on the Company's disclosures or consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
In July 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-20 "Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses" ("ASU 2010-20"), in order to address concerns about the sufficiency, transparency and robustness of credit risk disclosures for finance receivables and the related allowance for credit losses. The adoption of ASU 2010-20 with effect from January 1, 2010, did not have a material impact on the Company's disclosures or consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
Market Overview
The Oil Tanker Market
According to industry sources, global oil demand increased by 3.2% in 2010 and overall demand for tankers was high. The tanker markets, however, suffered from a 5% increase in capacity and, in addition, very little capacity was tied up in storage as there was virtually no contango in the oil markets.
The oil tanker market entered 2010 on a reasonably strong note driven by the improving global economy and increasing oil consumption, especially in the Asian (Chinese) economies. According to industry sources, the average TCE rate for a modern VLCC was $59,000 per day in the first half of 2010. However, rates gradually weakened during the year due to high deliveries of new tonnage and in the second half of 2010 averaged only $27,000 per day. Overall, for 2010 the average TCE rate for a modern VLCC was $42,500 per day, an increase on the average of $36,500 per day in 2009. The overall market for oil tankers, including Suezmax tankers, reflected this pattern.
According to industry sources, the world-wide tanker fleet increased by about approximately 5% during 2010, calculated on an annual average basis. At the end of 2010, the total orderbook for VLCCs consisted of 185 vessels, representing approximately 34 % of the existing fleet, and the total order book for Suezmax tankers consisted of 146 vessels, representing approximately 36% of the existing fleet.
The overall weak tanker market in the second half of 2010 and continued firm demolition prices led to steady levels of scrapping of single-hull tankers during 2010. The phase-out process of non-double hull tankers from the world-wide fleet was generally assumed to be completed in 2010, despite the possibility that they could trade in countries that have not ratified the relevant IMO regulation.
The Drybulk Shipping Market
Continuing the experience of recent years, the drybulk shipping market experienced another turbulent year in 2010. The year began fairly strongly driven by the momentum from the second half of 2009, as well as an improving global economy. However, the second half of 2010 was not as strong as the first half. Overall, industry sources indicate that drybulk cargoes increased by approximately 9% from 2009 to 2010, while drybulk capacity increased by approximately 14% as a result of new ships delivered from yards. Port congestion and more frequent ballast voyages, caused by imbalances in trade between the Atlantic and the Pacific, absorbed some of the surplus capacity.
During 2010, there was a high level of contracting of drycargo newbuildings, particularly in the first half of the year and especially for Capesize and Panamax vessels. However, deliveries of newbuildings continue to fall substantially below planned levels, due to significant cancellations and slippage, especially for Panamax and smaller vessels. This continued to improve the balance of the market, and led to better-than-expected markets during 2010.
During 2010, in general Capesize vessels performed less well than Handysize, Supramax and Panamax vessels. The average rate for Capesize drybulk carriers was $32,800 per day during 2010, representing a 16% decline from 2009. The average rate for Panamax drybulk carriers was $25,800 per day, representing a 30% increase from 2009. During parts of 2010, the market was split in two tiers, with the market/rates for Panamax and smaller vessels being fairly strong and balanced, while the market for Capesize vessels was trading at levels close to operating costs.
The Containership Market
The container market began 2010 on a strong note, building on momentum from the second half of 2009. The growth rates in the main trades were extremely strong especially for the first half of 2010, which to a large extent was driven by re-stocking. The global container trade grew by approximately 13% during 2010. The strong demand and widespread 'super slow-steaming' led to high utilization rates of the fleet, and operators enjoyed very substantial increases in box-rates, especially in the dominant Far East-Europe trade. However, over the course of 2010, idle capacity was steadily reduced, from approximately 10% of the world-wide fleet at the beginning of the year to about 2.5% at the end, split fairly evenly between operators and tonnage providers. Overall, 2010 was a record breaking profitable year for the larger operators.
Towards the end of 2010, the growth rates eased significantly and box-rates deteriorated, although they remained at healthy levels. Certain 'pockets' of the industry are still adversely affected by deliveries of the vessels ordered at the peak of the market in 2007/08.
Deliveries of newbuildings continue to exceed orders for new vessels, resulting in the order-book as a percentage of the existing fleet decreasing from approximately 36 % at the end of 2009 to 26% at the end of 2010. This is the lowest level for several years and is the main reason for the wide-spread optimism for the container market in the medium to long term.
Freight rates per TEU increased in 2010 by about 30% from the previous year, calculated on a yearly average basis. However, after gaining steadily during the first three quarters, rates fell in the last quarter. Rates were especially strong for the larger units (4,000 TEU+) and returned to historical averages, although rates for smaller units still have some 30-40% to go to reach the historical averages.
The Offshore Market
The increase in oil and gas prices to record levels in 2008 created a world-wide increase in offshore exploration drilling activity, prompting a significant increase in dayrates for drilling units and high levels of orders for newbuilding jack-up rigs and ultra-deepwater drilling units. The oil price declined from its record high of approximately $140 per barrel in 2008 to an average of $62 per barrel in 2009, but in 2010 the price recovered to an average of $79 per barrel. This resulted in oil and gas companies increasing their investment in offshore exploration and development activity by between 5% and 10% in 2010. Although the major accident in April 2010 at the Macondo well in the Gulf of Mexico heightened safety and environmental concerns within the offshore oil and gas sector, a strong recovery in offshore drilling activity took place in 2010.
Day rates for drilling units of all types declined in 2009 from their peak in 2008, and the decline continued in 2010, albeit to a smaller degree. Rig utilisations in 2010 were roughly the same as in 2009, despite the increase in the size of the world-wide fleet, and day-rates for drilling units fell by about 15% for ultra-deepwater units and 10% for mid-water units. In 2010, the tendency for oil companies to differentiate between standard and premium drilling units increased further. In particular, the market for older jack-up rigs weakened in 2010.
Following the surge in newbuilding orders in 2008 and the decline in day-rates in 2009 and 2010, for most of 2010, the level of orders placed with yards for new units was generally low. However, towards the end of 2010 the yards were offering attractive prices and slots, resulting in an increased level of new orders. Overall, 28 new orders were placed in 2010, up significantly from 10 orders in 2009, but substantially lower than the 58 placed in 2008.
The above overviews of the various sectors in which we operate are based on current market conditions. However, market developments cannot always be predicted and may differ from our current expectations.
Seasonality
Most of our vessels are chartered at fixed rates on a long-term basis and seasonal factors do not have a significant direct effect on our business. One of our jack-up drilling rigs and most of our tankers and OBOs are subject to profit sharing agreements and to the extent that seasonal factors affect the profits of the charterers of these vessels we will also be affected. However, profit sharing is calculated annually and the effects of seasonality will be limited to the timing of our profit sharing revenues.
Inflation
Most of our time chartered vessels are subject to operating and management agreements that have the charges for these services fixed for the term of the charter. Thus, although inflation has a moderate impact on our corporate overheads and our ship operating expenses, we do not consider inflation to be a significant risk to direct costs in the current and foreseeable economic environment. In addition, in a shipping downturn, costs subject to inflation can usually be controlled because shipping companies typically monitor costs to preserve liquidity and encourage suppliers and service providers to lower rates and prices in the event of a downturn.
Results of Operations
Year ended December 31, 2010 compared with the year ended December 31, 2009
Net income for the year ended December 31, 2010 was $165.7 million, a decrease of 14% from the year ended December 31, 2009.
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating revenues
|
|
|
308,060 |
|
|
|
345,220 |
|
Gain on sale of assets
|
|
|
28,104 |
|
|
|
24,721 |
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
(124,319 |
) |
|
|
(160,677 |
) |
Net operating income
|
|
|
211,845 |
|
|
|
209,264 |
|
Interest income
|
|
|
21,107 |
|
|
|
240 |
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(101,432 |
) |
|
|
(117,075 |
) |
Other financial items (net)
|
|
|
(16,221 |
) |
|
|
24,540 |
|
Equity in earnings of associated companies
|
|
|
50,413 |
|
|
|
75,629 |
|
Net income
|
|
|
165,712 |
|
|
|
192,598 |
|
Net operating income was slightly higher in 2010, with a reduction in operating revenues offset by a reduction in operating expenses. Net income was lower in 2010, largely due to the effect of other financial items.
One drybulk carrier, sold in December 2010, and three ultra-deepwater drilling units were accounted for under the equity method during 2010 and 2009. The operating revenues of the wholly-owned subsidiaries owning these assets are included under "equity in earnings of associated companies", where they are reported net of operating and non-operating expenses.
Operating revenues
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct financing and sales-type lease interest income
|
|
|
126,777 |
|
|
|
151,368 |
|
Finance lease service revenues
|
|
|
76,876 |
|
|
|
88,953 |
|
Profit sharing revenues
|
|
|
30,566 |
|
|
|
33,018 |
|
Time charter revenues
|
|
|
4,429 |
|
|
|
2,836 |
|
Bareboat charter revenues
|
|
|
68,927 |
|
|
|
68,854 |
|
Other operating income
|
|
|
485 |
|
|
|
191 |
|
Total operating revenues
|
|
|
308,060 |
|
|
|
345,220 |
|
Total operating revenues decreased 11% in the year ended December 31, 2010 compared with 2009.
In general, direct financing and sales-type lease interest income reduces over the terms of our leases, as progressively a lesser proportion of the lease rental payment is allocated to interest income and a greater proportion is treated as repayment of the lease. In 2010, the direct financing lease periods came to an end on six non-double hull VLCCs, when they reached their anniversary dates and the terms of their continuing charters with Frontline, linked to the IMO phase-out regulations for non-double hull tankers, resulted in them becoming accounted for as operating lease assets. These factors, together with the disposal of two other VLCCs in 2010 and two VLCCs and one jack-up drilling rig in 2009, have resulted in a 16% reduction in our total lease interest income compared to 2009, although the decrease is slightly mitigated by the delivery in November 2009 and March 2010 of two Suezmax oil tankers, which are accounted for as a sales-type leases.
The reduction in finance lease service revenue reflects the transfer to operating leases in 2010 of six non-double hull VLCCs, and the sale of one other VLCC in 2010 and one VLCC in 2009, all of which had been direct financing lease assets chartered to the Frontline Charterers on a time-charter basis.
Profit sharing revenues decreased mainly due to the removal in 2010 of six non-double hull tankers from the profit sharing agreement and disposals of other VLCCs previously chartered to the Frontline Charterers in 2010 and 2009.
During most of 2009, the only source of time charter revenues was a single 1,700 TEU containership. In addition to this vessel, in 2010 time charter revenues were also earned from a single-hull VLCC which became an operating lease asset in September 2010, and from two drybulk carriers and an additional 1,700 TEU containership which were delivered in the fourth quarter of 2010.
Bareboat charter revenues arise from our vessels which are leased under operating leases on a bareboat basis. In 2009, these consisted of five 2,800 TEU containerships, two 1,700 TEU containerships, four offshore supply vessels and two chemical tankers. Bareboat charter revenues were earned in 2010 by these same vessels, and also by five non-double hull VLCCs which became operating lease assets on their anniversary dates in 2010, one of which was subsequently sold in April 2010. The additional bareboat charter revenues earned by the VLCCs were partially offset by lower daily rates on one of the 1,700 TEU containerships.
Cash flows arising from direct financing and sales-type leases
The following table analyzes our cash flows from the direct financing and sales-type leases with the Frontline Charterers, Seadrill Invest I Limited, or Seadrill Invest I, Seadrill Prospero, Deep Sea, TMT and NCS during 2010 and 2009, and shows how they are accounted for:
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Charterhire payments accounted for as:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct financing and sales-type lease interest income
|
|
|
126,777 |
|
|
|
151,368 |
|
Finance lease service revenues
|
|
|
76,876 |
|
|
|
88,953 |
|
Direct financing and sales-type lease repayments
|
|
|
174,946 |
|
|
|
209,368 |
|
Total direct financing and sales-type lease payments received
|
|
|
378,599 |
|
|
|
449,689 |
|
The tankers and OBOs chartered on direct financing leases to the Frontline Charterers are leased on time charter terms, where we are responsible for the management and operation of such vessels. This has been effected by entering into fixed price agreements with Frontline Management whereby we pay them management fees of $6,500 per day for each vessel chartered to the Frontline Charterers. Accordingly, $6,500 per day is allocated from each time charter payment received from the Frontline Charterers to cover lease executory costs, and this is classified as "finance lease service revenue". If any vessel chartered on direct financing leases to the Frontline Charterers is sub-chartered on a bareboat basis, then the charter payments for that vessel are reduced by $6,500 per day for the duration of the bareboat sub-charter.
Gain on sale of assets
Gains were recorded in the year ended December 31, 2010 on the disposals of the Suezmax tanker Everbright and the VLCCs Front Vista, Golden River and Front Sabang. The newbuilding Everbright accounted for most of the gains when it was sold under a sales-type lease arrangement immediately upon its delivery from the shipyard. In 2009, two vessels were sold, including the newbuilding sister ship of Everbright which was also sold under a sales-type lease arrangement.
Operating expenses
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ship operating expenses
|
|
|
81,021 |
|
|
|
91,494 |
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
34,201 |
|
|
|
30,236 |
|
Vessel impairment charge
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
26,756 |
|
Administrative expenses
|
|
|
9,097 |
|
|
|
12,191 |
|
|
|
|
124,319 |
|
|
|
160,677 |
|
Ship operating expenses consist mainly of payments to Frontline Management of $6,500 per day for each tanker and OBO chartered to the Frontline Charterers, in accordance with the vessel management agreements. However, no operating expenses are paid to Frontline Management in respect of any vessel which is sub-chartered on a bareboat basis. Ship operating expenses also include operating expenses for the containerships and drybulk carriers operated on a time-charter basis and managed by unrelated third parties.
Ship operating expenses decreased by 11% from 2009 to 2010, primarily as a result of five non-double hull tankers leased to the Frontline Charterers being sub-chartered on a bareboat basis, and the disposal of another VLCC previously chartered to the Frontline Charterers. These reductions in operating expenses were slightly offset by costs associated with the two drybulk carriers and the additional containership acquired in 2010.
Depreciation expenses relate to the vessels on charters accounted for as operating leases. The increase from 2009 to 2010 is primarily due to the acquisition in 2010 of two drybulk carriers and a containership, and also the transfer to operating leases of six non-double hull VLCCs previously accounted for as direct financing lease assets.
In 2009, impairment charges totaling $26.8 million were taken against the values of six of our single-hull VLCCs. These vessels, one of which was sold in April 2010, are subject to IMO regulations restricting their ability to operate from 2010 onwards. They continued to be chartered in 2010 to the Frontline Charterers at pre-agreed lower rates, and no further impairment charge on these or any other assets is deemed necessary.
The decrease in administrative expenses from 2009 to 2010 is primarily due to the write back in 2010 of share option costs on the departure of the former Chairman of the Board of Directors, and pre-agreed compensation paid in 2009 to the former Chief Executive Officer.
Interest income
Interest income increased substantially in 2010, mainly as a result of $19.6 million received on fixed rate long-term loans made in 2010 to two wholly-owned subsidiaries which are accounted for under the equity method. Additionally, interest of $0.9 million was received on late settlement of various receivable amounts relating to newbuilding and sales contracts, and a further $0.5 million was received from Frontline on the seller's credit issued to them when Front Vista was sold. The balance of interest income was earned on bank deposits.
Interest expense
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest on US$ floating rate loans
|
|
|
43,774 |
|
|
|
43,196 |
|
Interest on NOK floating rate bonds
|
|
|
1,211 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Interest on 8.5% Senior Notes
|
|
|
25,437 |
|
|
|
31,322 |
|
Swap interest
|
|
|
22,852 |
|
|
|
21,120 |
|
Other interest
|
|
|
3,122 |
|
|
|
15,930 |
|
Amortization of deferred charges
|
|
|
5,036 |
|
|
|
5,507 |
|
|
|
|
101,432 |
|
|
|
117,075 |
|
At December 31, 2010, the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries had total debt outstanding of $1.9 billion (2009: $2.1 billion) comprised of $296 million net outstanding principal amount of 8.5% senior notes (2009: $301 million), $79 million (NOK460 million) net outstanding principal amount of NOK floating rate bonds (2009: nil) and $1.5 billion under floating rate secured long term credit facilities (2009: $1.7 billion). In addition, at December 31, 2009 there was $90 million of unsecured fixed rate long-term debt and $27 million of unsecured floating rate short-term debt, both of which were fully repaid in 2010. The average three-month US$ LIBOR rate was 0.34% in 2010 and 0.69% in 2009. The overall decrease in interest expense is due to the decrease in interest-bearing debt and, to a lesser extent, movements in interest rates from 2009 to 2010.
The decrease in interest payable on 8.5% Senior Notes is due to the repurchase of $148 million of Senior Notes in the second quarter of 2009 and a further $5 million in 2010. The decrease in other interest payable is due to the repayment of the unsecured fixed rate long-term debt in March 2010 and of the unsecured floating rate short-term debt in stages over 2010.
At December 31, 2010, the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries were party to interest rate swap contracts, which effectively fix our interest rate on $1.0 billion of floating rate debt at a weighted average rate excluding margin of 3.41% per annum (2009: $1.1 billion of floating rate debt fixed at a weighted average rate excluding margin of 3.92% per annum).
Amortization of deferred charges decreased by 9% from 2009 to 2010, the charges for 2009 being higher as a result of write-offs caused by the early repayment of certain loans in that year.
As reported above, we have one drybulk carrier and three ultra-deepwater drilling units, which were accounted for under the equity method in 2010 and 2009. Their non-operating expenses, including interest expenses, are not included above, but are reflected in "equity in earnings of associated companies" below.
Other financial items
Other financial items amounted to a net cost of $16 million in 2010, compared to a net gain of $25 million in 2009. The net cost in 2010 consisted predominantly of adverse mark-to-market valuation adjustments to financial instruments, in particular interest rate and currency swap contracts. In 2009, there were favorable mark-to-market valuation adjustments to financial instruments totaling $13 million and a gain of $21 million on the purchase at a discount of 8.5% Senior Notes, partly offset by an impairment charge of $7 million on the long-term investment in SeaChange Maritime LLC. In 2010, other financial items include $1.5 million of other costs, mainly bank and loan commitment fees (2009: $1.6 million).
Equity in earnings of associated companies
During 2010 and 2009, the Company had three wholly-owned subsidiaries accounted for under the equity method, as discussed in Notes 2 and 14 of the consolidated financial statements included herein. The equity in earnings of these three associated companies decreased by $25 million from 2009 to 2010, principally due to $19.6 million in interest payable by them on loans made by the Company in 2010 – see "Interest income" above.
Year ended December 31, 2009 compared with the year ended December 31, 2008
Net income for the year ended December 31, 2009, was $192.6 million, an increase of 6% from the year ended December 31, 2008.
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating revenues
|
|
|
345,220 |
|
|
|
457,805 |
|
Gain on sale of assets
|
|
|
24,721 |
|
|
|
17,377 |
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
(160,677 |
) |
|
|
(137,780 |
) |
Net operating income
|
|
|
209,264 |
|
|
|
337,402 |
|
Interest income
|
|
|
240 |
|
|
|
3,478 |
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(117,075 |
) |
|
|
(127,192 |
) |
Other financial items (net)
|
|
|
24,540 |
|
|
|
(54,876 |
) |
Equity in earnings of associated companies
|
|
|
75,629 |
|
|
|
22,799 |
|
Net income
|
|
|
192,598 |
|
|
|
181,611 |
|
The reduction in net operating income, caused mainly by a reduction in profit-sharing revenue, asset impairment charges and lower lease revenues, was more than offset by increased equity in earnings of associated companies and a net gain on other financial items.
During 2009, we had three ultra-deepwater drilling units and one drybulk carrier owned by three wholly-owned subsidiaries which were accounted for under the equity method. The operating revenues of these subsidiaries are included under "equity in earnings of associated companies", where they are reported net of operating and non-operating expenses.
Operating revenues
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct financing and sales-type lease interest income
|
|
|
151,368 |
|
|
|
178,622 |
|
Finance lease service revenues
|
|
|
88,953 |
|
|
|
93,553 |
|
Profit sharing revenues
|
|
|
33,018 |
|
|
|
110,962 |
|
Time charter revenues
|
|
|
2,836 |
|
|
|
18,646 |
|
Bareboat charter revenues
|
|
|
68,854 |
|
|
|
55,794 |
|
Other operating income
|
|
|
191 |
|
|
|
228 |
|
Total operating revenues
|
|
|
345,220 |
|
|
|
457,805 |
|
Total operating revenues decreased 25% in the year ended December 31, 2009, compared with 2008.
Direct financing and sales-type lease interest income decreased from 2008 to 2009 as a result of the sale in 2009 of one jack-up drilling rig and two oil tankers and the progressive reduction inherent in accounting for such leases, although the decrease was slightly mitigated by the delivery in November 2009 of an oil tanker, which is accounted for as a sales-type lease.
The reduction in finance lease service revenue mainly reflects the position on two tankers chartered to the Frontline Charterers, for which the underlying time-charter rates are reduced by $6,500 per day while they are sub-chartered on a bareboat basis. Also, in 2008 a tanker was re-chartered to a third-party on bareboat terms and in 2009 a tanker was sold.
Profit sharing revenues decreased owing to the much lower average charter rates earned by Frontline from our vessels in 2009 compared to 2008.
During 2008, we had three 1,700 TEU container vessels employed on time charters accounted for as operating leases. In the first quarter of 2009, the charters for two of these vessels were converted to bareboat charters, resulting in a significant reduction in time charter revenues. There was also a reduction during 2009 in the daily charter rate on our remaining time-chartered container vessel.
Bareboat charter revenues increased principally due to the conversion to bareboat charters of two container vessels in 2009, and the addition of two chemical tankers under bareboat charters in 2008.
Cash flows arising from direct financing and sales-type leases
The following table analyzes our cash flows from the direct financing and sales-type leases with the Frontline Charterers, Seadrill Invest I, Seadrill Prospero, Deep Sea, TMT and NCS during 2009 and 2008, and shows how they are accounted for:
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Charterhire payments accounted for as:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct financing and sales-type lease interest income
|
|
|
151,368 |
|
|
|
178,622 |
|
Finance lease service revenues
|
|
|
88,953 |
|
|
|
93,553 |
|
Direct financing and sales-type lease repayments
|
|
|
209,368 |
|
|
|
210,348 |
|
Total direct financing and sales-type lease payments received
|
|
|
449,689 |
|
|
|
482,523 |
|
As described above, $6,500 per day is allocated from each time charter payment received from the Frontline Charterers to cover lease executory costs and this is classified as "finance lease service revenue".
Gain on sale of assets
Gains were recorded in the year ended December 31, 2009 on the disposal of the VLCC Front Duchess and the newbuilding Suezmax tanker Glorycrown, the latter accounting for most of the gain when it was sold under a sales-type lease arrangement immediately upon its delivery from the shipyard. In 2008, two vessels were disposed of and one was sold under a sales-type lease arrangement.
Operating expenses
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ship operating expenses
|
|
|
91,494 |
|
|
|
99,906 |
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
30,236 |
|
|
|
28,038 |
|
Vessel impairment charge
|
|
|
26,756 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Administrative expenses
|
|
|
12,191 |
|
|
|
9,836 |
|
|
|
|
160,677 |
|
|
|
137,780 |
|
Ship operating expenses decreased by 8% from 2008 to 2009, primarily as a result of two of the tankers leased to the Frontline Charterers being sub-chartered on a bareboat basis, and amendments to the charters for two container vessels from a time-charter basis to a bareboat basis. Also, during 2008, a tanker was re-chartered from the Frontline Charterers to a third-party on bareboat terms, and in 2009 a tanker was sold.
Depreciation expenses relate to the vessels on charters accounted for as operating leases. The increase from 2008 to 2009 is primarily due to the delivery in 2008 of two chemical tankers.
The marked downturn in charter rates for oil tankers which occurred in 2009 prompted a review of the carrying values of our assets, and in the second quarter of 2009 impairment charges totaling $26.8 million were taken against the values of six of our single-hull VLCCs. These vessels are subject to IMO regulations restricting their ability to operate from 2010 onwards and, from their respective anniversary dates in 2010, the Frontline Charterers have the option to terminate the charters on each of these vessels on giving 30 days notice. Our only other single-hull VLCC, Front Sabang, was sold in April 2008 on hire-purchase terms.
The increase in administrative expenses from 2008 to 2009 is primarily due to the establishment of our Singapore office in September 2008, pre-agreed compensation payable to our former Chief Executive Officer, who resigned in July 2009, and professional fees associated with the increase in issued share capital in 2009.
Interest income
Interest income decreased substantially in 2009, mainly as a result of a decline in short-term LIBOR interest rates from an average of 2.93% in 2008 to 0.69% in 2009. We also had significantly lower cash balances in 2009 compared with 2008.
Interest expense
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest on floating rate loans
|
|
|
43,196 |
|
|
|
81,042 |
|
Interest on 8.5% Senior Notes
|
|
|
31,322 |
|
|
|
38,172 |
|
Swap interest
|
|
|
21,120 |
|
|
|
823 |
|
Other interest
|
|
|
15,930 |
|
|
|
3,378 |
|
Amortization of deferred charges
|
|
|
5,507 |
|
|
|
3,777 |
|
|
|
|
117,075 |
|
|
|
127,192 |
|
At December 31, 2009, the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries had total debt outstanding of $2.1 billion (2008: $2.6 billion) comprised of $301 million net outstanding principal amount of 8.5% senior notes (2008: $449 million), $1.7 billion under floating rate secured long term credit facilities (2008: $2.0 billion), $90 million of unsecured fixed rate long-term debt (2008: $115 million) and $27 million of unsecured floating rate short-term debt (2008: $nil). The average three-month US$ LIBOR rate was 0.69% in 2009 and 2.93% in 2008. The overall decrease in interest expense is due to the decrease in interest-bearing debt and interest rates from 2008 to 2009, largely offset by increased swap and other interest payable.
The increase in other interest payable is due to the borrowings of unsecured fixed rate long-term debt in November 2008 and unsecured floating rate short-term debt in March 2009.
At December 31, 2009, the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries were party to interest rate swap contracts, which effectively fix our interest rate on $1.1 billion of floating rate debt at a weighted average rate excluding margin of 3.92% per annum (2008: $1.2 billion of floating rate debt fixed at a weighted average rate excluding margin of 3.95% per annum).
Amortization of deferred charges increased by 46% in 2009 to $5.5 million, as a result of the early repayment of certain loans and new financing facilities established during 2008 and 2009.
As reported above, we have three subsidiaries accounted for under the equity method. Their non-operating expenses including interest expenses are not included above, but are reflected in "equity in earnings of associated companies" below.
Other financial items
Other financial items amounted to a net gain of $25 million in 2009, compared to a net cost of $55 million in 2008. The net cost in 2008 consisted predominantly of adverse mark-to-market valuation changes on financial instruments, including interest rate swap contracts, bond swaps and equity swaps. In 2009, there were favorable mark-to-market valuation changes on financial instruments totaling $13 million, and a gain of $21 million on the purchase at a discount of 8.5% Senior Notes with a principal value of $148 million. Partly offsetting these gains in 2009 were an impairment charge of $7 million on the long-term investment in SeaChange Maritime LLC and $2 million of other costs, mainly bank and loan commitment fees. The impairment charge on the investment in SeaChange Maritime LLC reflects impairment charges taken by them, associated with a decline in the value of their container vessels.
Equity in earnings of associated companies
During 2008, the Company established two new wholly-owned subsidiaries which, like another wholly-owned subsidiary established in 2006, were accounted for under the equity method, as discussed in Notes 2 and 14 of the consolidated financial statements included herein. The equity in earnings of these three associated companies increased substantially from $23 million in 2008 to $76 million in 2009, due to 2009 being the first full year of operations for the two new entities.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We operate in a capital intensive industry. Our purchase of the tankers in the initial transaction with Frontline was financed through a combination of debt issuances, a deemed equity contribution from Frontline and borrowings from commercial banks. Our subsequent transactions have been financed through a combination of our own equity and borrowings from commercial banks. Our liquidity requirements relate to servicing our debt, funding the equity portion of investments in vessels, funding working capital requirements and maintaining cash reserves against fluctuations in operating cash flows. Revenues from our time charters and bareboat charters are received monthly in advance, quarterly in advance or monthly in arrears. Vessel management and operating fees are payable monthly in advance for vessels chartered to the Frontline Charterers, and as incurred for other time-chartered vessels.
Our funding and treasury activities are conducted within corporate policies to maximize investment returns while maintaining appropriate liquidity for our requirements. Cash and cash equivalents are held primarily in U.S. dollars, with minimal amounts held in Norwegian Kroner, Singapore dollars and Pound Sterling.
Our short-term liquidity requirements relate to servicing our debt and funding working capital requirements, including required payments under our management agreements and administrative services agreements. Sources of short-term liquidity include cash balances, restricted cash balances, short-term investments, available amounts under revolving credit facilities and receipts from our charters. We believe that our cash flow from the charters will be sufficient to fund our anticipated debt service and working capital requirements for the short and medium term.
Our long-term liquidity requirements include funding the equity portion of investments in new vessels, and repayment of long-term debt balances, including those relating to the following loan agreements of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries:
|
-
|
8.5% senior unsecured notes due 2013
|
|
-
|
3.75% convertible senior unsecured bonds due 2016
|
|
-
|
NOK500 million senior unsecured bonds due 2014
|
|
-
|
$30 million secured term loan facility due 2012
|
|
-
|
$25 million secured revolving credit facility due 2012
|
|
-
|
$350 million secured term loan facility due 2012
|
|
-
|
$60 million secured term loan facility due 2013
|
|
-
|
$58 million secured revolving credit facility due 2013
|
|
-
|
$149 million secured term loan facility due 2014
|
|
-
|
$43 million secured term loan facility due 2014
|
|
-
|
$77 million secured term loan facility due 2015
|
|
-
|
$30 million secured revolving credit facility due 2015
|
|
-
|
$725 million secured term loan and revolving credit facility due 2015
|
|
-
|
$43 million secured term loan facility due 2015
|
|
-
|
$49 million secured term loan facility due 2018
|
|
-
|
$54 million secured term loan facility due 2018
|
|
-
|
$95 million secured term loan and revolving credit facility due 2018
|
|
-
|
$210 million secured term loan facility due 2019
|
|
-
|
$75 million secured term loan facility due 2019
|
Our long-term liquidity requirements also include repayment of the following long-term loan agreements of our equity-accounted subsidiaries:
|
-
|
$170 million secured term loan facility due 2013
|
|
-
|
$700 million secured term loan facility due 2013
|
|
-
|
$1.4 billion secured term loan facility due 2013
|
At March 22, 2011, we had remaining contractual commitments relating to newbuilding contracts totaling approximately $157 million.
We expect that we will require additional borrowings or issuances of equity in the long term to meet our capital requirements.
As of December 31, 2010, we had cash and cash equivalents (including restricted cash) of $93 million (2009: $88 million). In the year ended December 31, 2010, we generated cash of $154 million from operations and $77 million net from investing activities, and used $228 million net in financing activities.
During the year ended December 31, 2010, we paid dividends of $1.64 per common share (2009: $1.50), or a total of $129 million (2009: $111 million). Dividend payments in 2010 comprised $117 million of cash payments (2009: $76 million) and $12 million in the form of newly-issued common shares (2009: $35 million). Dividends paid during the year ended December 31, 2010, include the dividend of $0.30 per share declared on November 27, 2009, which was settled on January 27, 2010, by the payment of $11 million in cash and the issuance of $12 million in newly issued common shares. On February 18, 2011, a dividend of $0.38 per share was declared totaling $30 million, to be paid in cash on or about March 29, 2011.
Borrowings
As of December 31, 2010, we had total short-term and long-term debt outstanding of $1.9 billion (2009: $2.1 billion). In addition, as of December 31, 2010, our wholly-owned subsidiaries Rig Finance II Limited, or Rig Finance II, SFL West Polaris Limited, or SFL West Polaris, and SFL Deepwater Ltd., or SFL Deepwater, had long term debt of $101 million, $546 million and $1.1 billion, respectively (2009: $111 million, $619 million and $1.3 billion, respectively). These three subsidiaries are accounted for using the equity method, and their outstanding long-term debt does not appear in our consolidated balance sheet.
The total long-term debt at December 31, 2010, includes $296 million net outstanding from the issue in 2003 of $580 million of 8.5% senior notes due 2013.
In June 2005, we entered into a combined $350 million senior and junior secured term loan facility with a syndicate of banks. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the acquisition of five VLCCs. At December 31, 2010, the total outstanding amount on this facility was $201 million. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin for the senior loan and LIBOR plus a different margin for the junior loan. The facility has a term of seven years and is secured by the vessel-owning subsidiaries' assets. The facility contains covenants that require us to maintain a minimum aggregate value of the vessels as collateral and also certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In April 2006, five subsidiaries entered into a $210 million secured term loan facility with a syndicate of banks. The facility is non-recourse to Ship Finance International Limited, as the holding company does not guarantee this debt. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the acquisition of five newbuilding container vessels. At December 31, 2010, the outstanding amount under this facility was $183 million. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin, has a term of 12 years and is secured by the subsidiaries' assets. The facility also contains a minimum value covenant, which is only applicable if there is a default under any of the charters.
In August 2007, five subsidiaries entered into a $149 million secured term loan facility with a syndicate of banks. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the acquisition of five offshore supply vessels. One of the vessels was sold in January 2008 and the loan facility now relates to the remaining four subsidiaries. At December 31, 2010, the outstanding amount under this facility was $99 million. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of seven years. The facility requires the four subsidiaries to maintain certain minimum levels of working capital and is secured by the subsidiaries' assets. The lenders have limited recourse to Ship Finance International Limited as the holding company only guarantees $35 million of the debt. The facility contains a minimum value covenant and covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In January 2008, two subsidiaries entered into a $77 million secured term loan facility with a syndicate of banks. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the acquisition of two offshore supply vessels. At December 31, 2010, the outstanding amount under this facility was $58 million. The facility bears interest of LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of seven years. The facility requires the two subsidiaries to maintain certain minimum levels of working capital and is secured by the subsidiaries' assets. The lenders have limited recourse to Ship Finance International Limited as the holding company only guarantees $24 million of the debt. The facility contains a minimum value covenant and covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In February 2008, a subsidiary entered into a $30 million secured revolving credit facility with a bank. The proceeds of the facility were used to partially fund the acquisition of the container vessel SFL Europa. At December 31, 2010, the outstanding amount under this facility was $11 million. The facility bears interest of LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of seven years. The facility is available on a revolving basis and is secured by the subsidiary's assets and a guarantee from Ship Finance International Limited. The facility contains a minimum value covenant and covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In March 2008, two subsidiaries entered into a $49 million secured term loan facility with a bank. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the acquisition of two newbuilding chemical tankers. At December 31, 2010, the outstanding amount under this facility was $45 million. The facility bears interest of LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of ten years. The facility contains a minimum value covenant and is secured by the subsidiaries' assets. The lenders have limited recourse to Ship Finance International Limited as the holding company only guarantees 30% of the outstanding debt. The facility contains covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash and adjusted book equity ratios.
In September 2008, two subsidiaries entered into a $58 million secured revolving credit facility with a syndicate of banks. The facility is secured by the two container vessels Asian Ace and Green Ace, and a guarantee from Ship Finance International Limited. At December 31, 2010, the amount outstanding under this facility was $34 million. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of five years. The facility contains a minimum value covenant and covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In June 2009, a subsidiary entered into a $60 million credit facility with a bank, secured against a portion of our 8.5% Senior Notes which are being held as treasury notes and a guarantee from Ship Finance International Limited. At December 31, 2010, the amount outstanding under this facility was $52 million. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and its original two year term has been extended so that the facility now matures in January 2013. The facility contains a minimum value covenant and covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In June 2009, a subsidiary entered into a $30 million credit facility with a bank, secured against a portion of our 8.5% Senior Notes which are being held as treasury notes and a guarantee from Ship Finance International Limited. At December 31, 2010, the amount outstanding under this facility was $26 million. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and its original one year term has been extended to two years, with an option for the subsidiary to extend the term by one additional year. The facility contains a minimum value covenant and covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In February 2010, a subsidiary entered into a $43 million secured term loan facility with a bank. The proceeds of the facility were used to partially finance the Suezmax tanker Glorycrown. At December 31, 2010, the amount outstanding under the facility was $40 million. The facility bears interest of LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of approximately five years. The facility is secured by the subsidiary's assets and a guarantee from Ship Finance International Limited. The facility contains a minimum value covenant and covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In March 2010, a subsidiary entered into a $43 million secured term loan facility with a bank. The proceeds of the facility were used to partially finance the Suezmax tanker Everbright. At December 31, 2010, the amount outstanding under this facility was $40 million. The facility bears interest of LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of five years. The facility is secured by the subsidiary's assets and a guarantee from Ship Finance International Limited. The facility contains a minimum value covenant and covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In March 2010, we entered into a $725 million secured term loan and revolving credit facility with a syndicate of banks, to replace a previous facility established in 2005 to partially finance 26 vessels chartered to Frontline Shipping. At December 31, 2010, the amount outstanding under this facility was $680 million. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of five years. The facility contains a minimum value covenant and covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In September 2010, we entered into a $25 million secured revolving credit facility with a bank, secured against five non-double hull VLCCs. At December 31, 2010, the amount outstanding under this facility was $25 million. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of two years. The amount available under the revolving facility is dependent on the aggregate value of the vessels secured as collateral. The facility contains covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In October 2010, we issued NOK500 million senior unsecured bonds. The bonds bear interest at NIBOR plus a margin and are redeemable in full in April 2014. Subsequent to the issue of the bonds, we purchased bonds with principal amounts totaling NOK40 million, which are being held as treasury bonds. At December 31, 2010, the net amount outstanding was NOK460 million, equivalent to $79 million. The bonds may, in their entirety, be redeemed at our option from October 7, 2013 to April 6, 2014 upon giving bondholders at least 30 days notice and paying 100.50% of par value plus accrued interest.
In November 2010, two subsidiaries entered into a $54 million secured term loan facility with a bank. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the acquisition of two Supramax drybulk carriers. At December 31, 2010, the amount outstanding under this facility was $54 million. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of eight years. The facility is secured by the subsidiaries' assets and a limited guarantee from Ship Finance International Limited. The facility contains a minimum value covenant, which is only applicable if there is an early termination of any of the charters attached to the vessels. The facility also contains covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In February 2011, we issued $125 million convertible senior bonds due 2016. The bonds bear interest at 3.75% per annum and are convertible into common shares of the Company at an initial price of $27.05 per share.
In February 2011, a subsidiary entered into a $95 million secured term loan and revolving credit facility with a bank. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the acquisition of the jack-up drilling rig Soehanah. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of seven years. The facility is secured against the subsidiary's assets and a guarantee from Ship Finance International Limited. The facility contains a minimum value covenant and covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In March 2011, three subsidiaries entered into a $75 million secured term loan facility with a bank. The proceeds of the facility will be used to partly fund the acquisition of three Supramax drybulk carriers. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of approximately eight years. The facility is secured against the subsidiaries' assets and a limited guarantee from Ship Finance International Limited. The facility contains a minimum value covenant, which is only applicable if there is a default under the charters attached to the vessels or one year prior to expiry of the charters, whichever falls earlier. The facility also contains covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In February 2007, our equity-accounted subsidiary Rig Finance II entered into a $170 million secured term loan facility with a syndicate of banks. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the acquisition of the newbuilding jack-up drilling rig West Prospero. At December 31, 2010, the outstanding amount under this facility was $101 million. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin, has a term of six years and is secured by the subsidiary's assets. The lenders have limited recourse to Ship Finance International Limited as the holding company only guarantees $20 million of the debt. The facility contains a minimum value covenant and covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In July 2008, our equity-accounted subsidiary SFL West Polaris entered into a $700 million secured term loan facility with a syndicate of banks. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the acquisition of the newbuilding ultra deepwater drillship West Polaris. At December 31, 2010, the amount outstanding under this facility was $546 million. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin, has a term of five years and is secured by the subsidiary's assets. The lenders have limited recourse to Ship Finance International Limited as the holding company currently only guarantees $80 million of the debt. The facility contains a minimum value covenant and covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
In September 2008, our equity-accounted subsidiary SFL Deepwater entered into a $1.4 billion secured term loan facility with a syndicate of banks. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the acquisition of two newbuilding ultra deepwater drilling rigs, West Hercules and West Taurus. At December 31, 2010, the amount outstanding under this facility was $1.1 billion. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin, has a term of five years and is secured by the subsidiary's assets. The lenders have limited recourse to Ship Finance International Limited as the holding company only guarantees $200 million of the debt. The facility contains a minimum value covenant and covenants that require us to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios.
We are in compliance with all loan covenants as at December 31, 2010. At December 31, 2010, three-month U.S. dollar LIBOR was 0.30% and three-month Norwegian kroner NIBOR was 2.62%.
Derivatives
We use financial instruments to reduce the risk associated with fluctuations in interest rates. At December 31, 2010, the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries had entered into interest rate swap contracts with a combined notional principal amount of $946 million, whereby variable LIBOR interest rates excluding additional margins are swapped for fixed interest rates between 1.88% per annum and 5.65% per annum. We had also entered into interest rate/currency swap contracts with a notional principal of NOK500 million ($85 million) whereby variable NIBOR interest rates including additional margin are swapped for fixed interest at 5.32%, and both the payment of interest and eventual settlement of the bonds will have an effective exchange rate of NOK5.91 = $1. In addition, our equity-accounted subsidiaries had entered into interest swaps with a combined notional principal amount of $1.1 billion, whereby variable LIBOR interest rates excluding additional margins are swapped for fixed interest rates between 1.91% per annum and 3.92% per annum. The overall effect of these swaps is to fix the interest rate on approximately $2.2 billion of floating rate debt at a weighted average interest rate of 4.69% per annum including margin.
Several of our charter contracts contain interest adjustment clauses, whereby the charter rate is adjusted to reflect the actual interest paid on a deemed outstanding loan, effectively transferring the interest rate exposure to the counterparty under the charter contract. At December 31, 2010, a total of $1.9 billion of our floating rate debt was subject to such interest adjustment clauses, including our equity accounted subsidiaries. However, $1.3 billion of this was subject to interest rate swaps entered into for the benefit of the charterer, and the balance of $615 million remained on a floating basis.
At December 31, 2010, our net exposure, including that within our equity-accounted subsidiaries, to interest rate fluctuations on our outstanding debt was $602 million, compared with $548 million at December 31, 2009. Our net exposure to interest fluctuations is based on our total of approximately $3.4 billion floating rate debt outstanding at December 31, 2010, less the approximately $2.2 billion notional principal of our interest rate swaps and the $615 million outstanding floating rate debt subject to interest adjustment clauses under charter contracts.
Apart from the above interest rate/currency swap contracts, at December 31, 2010, and the date of this report we were not party to any other derivative contracts.
Equity
During the year ended December 31, 2009, we declared four dividends and, in each case, shareholders were given the option to elect to receive their dividend in cash or in the form of newly issued common shares. The Company issued a total of 4,998,603 shares under this arrangement, with a premium on issue totaling $42.8 million. Of the new shares issued, 930,483 were issued on January 27, 2010, in respect of the dividend declared on November 27, 2009, with an ex-dividend date of December 4, 2009. The shares issued in January 2010 were reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as at December 31, 2009, since the outcome of the shareholders' elections was fully known when the Consolidated Balance Sheet was prepared.
In the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company issued and sold 1,372,100 shares pursuant to a prospectus supplement filed in December 2008. Total proceeds were $16.5 million net of costs, giving a premium on issue of $15.1 million. Additionally, in June 2009 the Company issued 10,560 shares to an employee in lieu of the dividend portion of his share-based bonus.
In April 2008, we filed a dividend reinvestment and direct stock purchase plan, to facilitate the purchase of shares by individual shareholders who wish to invest in our common shares on a regular basis. Mellon Bank N.A. is the plan administrator, and the shares may be purchased in the open market or, at our option, directly from us. As of December 31, 2010, no additional shares had been issued under this plan.
Following the above issues of new shares, we had 79,125,000 common shares issued and outstanding as at December 31, 2009, including the shares issued on January 27, 2010. No further shares were issued in the year ended December 31, 2010.
The Company has accounted for the acquisition of vessels from Frontline at Frontline's historical carrying value. The difference between the historical carrying value and the net investment in the lease (i.e. the fair value of the vessel at the inception of the lease) has been recorded as a deferred deemed equity contribution. This deferred deemed equity contribution is presented as a reduction in the net investment in finance leases in the balance sheet and results from the related party nature of both the transfer of the vessel and the subsequent finance lease. The deferred deemed equity contribution is amortized as a credit to contributed surplus over the life of the new lease arrangement, as lease payments are applied to the principal balance of the lease receivable. In the year ended December 31, 2010, we credited contributed surplus with $25.6 million of such deemed equity contributions (2009: $7.4 million). The unamortized balance of deferred deemed equity contributions at December 31, 2010, is $180.9 million (2009: $206.5 million).
In November 2006, the Board of Directors approved a share option scheme, permitting the directors to grant options in the Company's shares to employees and directors of the Company or its subsidiaries. The fair value cost of options granted is recognized in the statement of operations, with a corresponding amount credited to additional paid in capital (see Note 20 to the consolidated financial statements). The additional paid in capital arising from share options was $1.0 million in the year ended December 31, 2010 (2009: $1.4 million).
Following the above transactions, as of December 31, 2010, our issued and fully paid share capital balance was $79.1 million, our additional paid in capital was $60.3 million and our contributed surplus balance was $532.1 million.
On February 18, 2011, our Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.38 per share totaling $30 million, to be paid in cash on or about March 29, 2011.
Contractual Commitments
At December 31, 2010, we had the following contractual obligations and commitments:
|
|
Payment due by period
|
|
|
|
Less than
1 year
|
|
|
1–3 years
|
|
|
3–5 years
|
|
|
After
5 years
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
(in millions of $)
|
|
8.5% Senior Notes due 2013
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
296 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
296 |
|
NOK500 million senior unsecured bonds due 2014
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
79 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
79 |
|
Floating rate long-term debt
|
|
|
163 |
|
|
|
525 |
|
|
|
657 |
|
|
|
203 |
|
|
|
1,548 |
|
Floating rate long-term debt in unconsolidated subsidiaries
|
|
|
245 |
|
|
|
1,502 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,747 |
|
Total debt repayments
|
|
|
408 |
|
|
|
2,323 |
|
|
|
736 |
|
|
|
203 |
|
|
|
3,670 |
|
Total interest payments (1)
|
|
|
152 |
|
|
|
216 |
|
|
|
50 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
437 |
|
Total vessel purchases (2)
|
|
|
158 |
|
|
|
37 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
195 |
|
Total contractual cash obligations
|
|
|
718 |
|
|
|
2,576 |
|
|
|
786 |
|
|
|
222 |
|
|
|
4,302 |
|
(1)
|
Interest payments are based on the existing borrowings of both fully consolidated and equity- accounted subsidiaries. It is assumed that no further refinancing of existing loans takes place and that there is no repayment on revolving credit facilities. Interest rate swaps have not been included in the calculation. The interest has been calculated using the five year U.S. dollar swap of 2.26% and the five year NOK swap of 4.26% as of March 22, 2011, plus agreed margins. Interest on fixed rate loans is calculated using the contracted interest rates.
|
(2)
|
Vessel purchase commitments relate to the seven newbuilding Handysize drybulk carriers scheduled for delivery in 2011 and 2012 ($126 million) and the three newbuilding Supramax drybulk carriers scheduled for delivery in 2011 ($69 million).
|
Research and development, patents and licenses etc.
We do not undertake any significant expenditure on research and development, and have no significant interests in patents or licenses.
Trend information
Our charters with the Frontline Charterers provide that daily rates decline over the terms of the charters, as discussed in Item 4.B "Our Fleet".
Prices for new vessels have stabilized both in China and Korea mainly driven by strong demand for drybulk vessels in the first half of 2010 and by demand for offshore and container vessels in the second half of 2010 and into 2011. Considering the overall healthy demand, long forward coverage by most major shipyards, and increasing steel prices, some analysts expect that there is limited likelihood of further significant decreases in vessel prices. Prices for second-hand bulkers increased during first half of 2010 driven by strong Chinese demand and healthy spot/period markets. The prices came under pressure in the second half of 2010 and this has continued into 2011. Prices for second-hand drybulk vessels are expected to continue to show high volatility, in part reflecting the very volatile charter markets, and could soften further during 2011 as prices are still generally out of alignment with the spot/period market for bulkers. Prices for second-hand tankers have softened, though with fairly limited supply of modern tonnage in the market, and are still at a historically healthy level. Second-hand prices for tankers are expected to be less volatile for the modern tonnage, with limited risk for further price erosions whilst older tonnage could be subject to further price corrections. Prices for second-hand container vessels have increased substantially during 2010, albeit from a very low level, and in the light of improved market prospects some market participants believe that the bottom has been reached.
The spot market for tankers was fairly weak during the second half of 2010. Going forward, the tanker industry will be exposed to a continued high level of newbuilding deliveries in the next 12 months. Factors that could improve the fundamentals for the tanker markets are delays in delivery schedules from the yards, cancellations of newbuilding orders and further scrapping of single-hull vessels due to their phase out. Our tanker vessels on charter to the Frontline Charterers are subject to long term charters that provide for both a fixed base charterhire and a profit sharing payment that applies once the applicable Frontline Charterer earns daily rates from our vessels that exceed certain levels. If rates for vessels chartered on the spot market increase, our profit sharing revenues will likewise increase for those vessels operated by the Frontline Charterers in the spot market. Our single-hull tankers on charter to the Frontline Charterers do not earn profit sharing since their anniversary date in 2010.
So far in 2011, charter rates for container vessels have continued to gradually improve, although at a much slower pace than in 2010 and rates for 1700 TEU vessels are still well below historical average levels. Drybulk carriers have continued to be subject to very volatile market conditions in 2011. The development of a two-tier market has been further manifested with rates for Panamax and smaller bulkers enjoying healthy markets, while Capesize bulkers for much of 2011 have been trading at levels close to operating costs.
The offshore drilling and supply markets continue to be strong, underpinned by exploration and development activities linked to higher oil prices and the need to replace reserves. Our jack-up drilling rig on charter to Seadrill includes profit sharing payments above certain base levels from 2009 onwards.
Interest rates have remained at historically low levels since December 31, 2009, although they are expected to slowly increase later in 2011 if the tentative economic recovery becomes established and inflation emerges as a problem. We have effectively hedged part of our interest exposure on our floating rate debt through swap agreements with banks. Several of our charter contracts also include interest adjustment clauses, whereby the charter rate is adjusted to reflect the actual interest paid on a deemed outstanding loan relating to the asset, effectively transferring the interest rate exposure to our counterparty under the charter contract.
Off balance sheet arrangements
At December 31, 2010, we are not party to any arrangements which may be considered to be off balance sheet arrangements.
ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
A. DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth information regarding our executive officers and directors and the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of our wholly owned subsidiary Ship Finance Management AS, who are responsible for overseeing our management.
Name
|
|
Age
|
|
Position
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hans Petter Aas
|
|
65
|
|
Director, Chairman of the Board and Audit Committee member
|
Kate Blankenship
|
|
46
|
|
Director of the Company and Chairperson of the Audit Committee
|
Cecilie A. Fredriksen
|
|
27
|
|
Director of the Company
|
Paul Leand
|
|
44
|
|
Director of the Company
|
Ole B. Hjertaker
|
|
44
|
|
Chief Executive Officer of Ship Finance Management AS
|
Eirik Eide
|
|
40
|
|
Chief Financial Officer of Ship Finance Management AS
|
Under our constituent documents, we are required to have at least one independent director on our board of directors whose consent will be required to file for bankruptcy, liquidate or dissolve, merge or sell all or substantially all of our assets.
Certain biographical information about each of our directors and executive officers is set forth below.
Hans Petter Aas has served as a director of the Company since August 2008 and as Chairman of the Board since January 2009. He has served on the Audit Committee since 2010. Mr. Aas has a long career as banker in the international shipping and offshore market, and retired from his position as Global Head of the Shipping, Offshore and Logistics Division of DnB NOR in August 2008. He joined DnB NOR (then Bergen Bank) in 1989, and has previously worked for the Petroleum Division of the Norwegian Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Energy, as well as for Vesta Insurance and Nevi Finance. Mr. Aas is also a director of Golar LNG Limited, Knightsbridge Tankers Ltd., Knutsen Offshore Tankers ASA, JO Tankers, Gearbulk Holding Limited and the Norwegian Export Credit Guarantee Institute.
Kate Blankenship has served as a director of the Company since October 2003. Ms. Blankenship served as the Company's Chief Accounting Officer and Company Secretary from October 2003 to October 2005. Ms. Blankenship has been a director of Frontline since August 2003, a director of Golar LNG Limited since July 2003, a director of Golden Ocean since October 2004, a director of Seadrill since May 2005, a director of Seawell Limited since August 2007 and a director of Independent Tankers Corporation Limited since February 2008. She is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales.
Cecilie Astrup Fredriksen has served as a director of the Company since November 2008. Ms. Fredriksen is the daughter of Mr. John Fredriksen and is currently employed by Frontline Corporate Services in London and serves as a director on several boards including Aktiv Kapital ASA, Frontline, Seawell Limited and Golden Ocean. Ms. Fredriksen received a BA in Business and Spanish from the London Metropolitan University in 2006.
Paul Leand has served as a director of the Company since 2003. Mr. Leand is the Chief Executive Officer and Director of AMA Capital Partners LLC, or AMA, an investment bank specializing in the maritime industry. From 1989 to 1998 Mr. Leand served at the First National Bank of Maryland where he managed the Bank's Railroad Division and its International Maritime Division. He has worked extensively in the U.S. capital markets in connection with AMA's restructuring and mergers and acquisitions practices. Mr. Leand serves as a member of American Marine Credit LLC's Credit Committee and served as a member of the Investment Committee of AMA Shipping Fund I, a private equity fund formed and managed by AMA.
Ole B. Hjertaker has served Ship Finance Management AS as Chief Executive Officer since July 2009, prior to which he served as Chief Financial Officer from September 2006. Mr Hjertaker also served Ship Finance Management AS as Interim Chief Financial Officer between July 2009 and January 2011. Prior to joining Ship Finance, Mr. Hjertaker was employed in the Corporate Finance division of DnB NOR Markets, a leading shipping and offshore bank. Mr. Hjertaker has extensive corporate and investment banking experience, mainly within the maritime/transportation industries.
Eirik Eide was appointed as Chief Financial Officer of Ship Finance Management AS in January 2011. Prior to joining Ship Finance, Mr Eide was Head of Corporate Finance and Head of Shipping Investments in Orkla Finans Kapitalforvaltning AS and had previously worked for DnB NOR and Fortis Bank. Mr Eide has extensive experience of both debt and equity markets within the maritime and transportation industries.
B. COMPENSATION
During the year ended December 31, 2010, we paid to our directors and executive officers aggregate cash compensation of $1.7 million including an aggregate amount of $0.02 million for pension and retirement benefits. We reimburse directors for reasonable out of pocket expenses incurred by them in connection with their service to us.
In addition to cash compensation, during 2010 we also recognized an expense of $1.1 million relating to stock options issued to certain of our directors and employees. During 2010, 97,000 options were awarded, 26,334 were exercised and 223,666 were forfeited, bringing the total outstanding options at December 31, 2010, to 617,000. Subsequently, in March 2011, a further 213,500 new options have been awarded. The options vest over a three year period, with the first of them vesting in July 2010, and expire between July 2014 and March 2016. The exercise price of the options is currently between $8.32 and $20.13 per share, and shall be reduced from time to time by the amount of any future dividend declared with respect to the common shares.
C. BOARD PRACTICES
In accordance with our Bye-laws, the number of directors shall be such number not less than two as we may by Ordinary Resolution determine from time to time, and each director shall hold office until the next annual general meeting following his election or until his successor is elected. We currently have four directors.
We currently have an Audit Committee, which is responsible for overseeing the quality and integrity of our financial statements and our accounting, auditing and financial reporting practices, our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, the independent auditor's qualifications, independence and performance, and our internal audit function. Kate Blankenship is the Chairperson of the Audit Committee and the Audit Committee Financial Expert. Hans Petter Aas is also a member of the Audit Committee.
As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from certain requirements of the NYSE that are applicable to U.S. listed companies. For a listing and further discussion of how our corporate governance practices differ from those required of U.S. companies listed on the NYSE, please see Item 16G or visit the corporate governance section of our website at www.shipfinance.bm.
Our officers are elected by our Board of Directors as soon as possible following each Annual General Meeting and shall hold office for such period and on such terms as the Board of Directors may determine.
There are no service contracts between us and any of our directors providing for benefits upon termination of their employment or service.
D. EMPLOYEES
We currently employ nine persons on a full-time basis. We have contracted with Frontline Management and other third parties for certain managerial responsibilities for our fleet and with Frontline Management for some administrative services, including corporate services.
E. SHARE OWNERSHIP
The beneficial interests of our Directors and officers in our common shares as of March 22, 2011, are as follows:
Director or Officer
|
|
Common Shares of $1.00 each
|
|
Including options to acquire Common Shares which have vested
|
|
Percentage of Common Shares Outstanding
|
Hans Petter Aas
|
|
8,334
|
|
8,334
|
|
*
|
Paul Leand
|
|
53,668
|
|
3,334
|
|
*
|
Kate Blankenship
|
|
8,545
|
|
3,334
|
|
*
|
Cecilie A. Fredriksen
|
|
3,334
|
|
3,334
|
|
*
|
Ole B. Hjertaker
|
|
180,878
|
|
176,667
|
|
*
|
Eirik Eide
|
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
*
|
* Less than one percent.
Share Option Scheme
In November 2006, our board of directors approved the Ship Finance International Limited Share Option Scheme. The subscription price for all options granted under the scheme will be reduced by the amount of all dividends declared by the Company per share in the period from the date of grant until the date the options are exercised.
Details of options to acquire common shares in the Company by Directors and officers as of March 22, 2011, were as follows:
Director or Officer
|
Number of options
|
Exercise price
|
Expiration Date
|
Total
|
Vested
|
Hans Petter Aas
|
25,000
|
8,334
|
$10.98
|
October 2014
|
Paul Leand
|
10,000
|
3,334
|
$10.98
|
October 2014
|
Kate Blankenship
|
10,000
|
3,334
|
$10.98
|
October 2014
|
Cecilie A. Fredriksen
|
10,000
|
3,334
|
$10.98
|
October 2014
|
Ole B. Hjertaker
|
300,000
20,000
80,000
|
170,000
6,667
-
|
$8.32
$16.96
$20.13
|
July 2014
March 2015
March 2016
|
Eirik Eide
|
-
|
- |
- |
- |
ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
A. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS
Ship Finance International Limited is indirectly controlled by another corporation (see below). The following table presents certain information as at March 22, 2011, regarding the ownership of our Common Shares with respect to each shareholder whom we know to beneficially own more than five percent of our outstanding Common Shares.
Owner
|
|
Number of Common Shares
|
|
Percent of Common Shares
|
Hemen Holding Ltd. (1)
|
|
27,779,293
|
|
35.11%
|
Farahead Investment Inc. (1)
|
|
6,300,000
|
|
7.96%
|
1)
|
Hemen Holding Ltd. is a Cyprus holding company and Farahead Investment Inc. is a Liberian company, both indirectly controlled by trusts established by Mr. John Fredriksen for the benefit of his immediate family. Mr. Fredriksen disclaims beneficial ownership of the above shares of our common stock, except to the extent of his voting and dispositive interests in such shares of common stock. Mr. Fredriksen has no pecuniary interest in the above shares of common stock.
|
The Company's major shareholders have the same voting rights as other shareholders of the Company.
As at March 22, 2011, the Company had 423 holders of record in the United States. We had a total of 79,125,000 of Common Shares outstanding as of March 22, 2011.
We are not aware of any arrangements, the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change in control.
B. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company, which was formed in 2003 as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Frontline, was partially spun-off in 2004 and its shares commenced trading on the NYSE in June 2004. A significant proportion of our assets were acquired from Frontline in 2004. The majority of our business continues to be transacted through contractual relationships between us and the following parties, which are either indirectly controlled by our principal shareholder Hemen, or which have directors who are also directors of this Company:
As of March 22, 2011, we charter 31 of our vessels to the Frontline Charterers under long-term capital leases, most of which were given economic effect from January 1, 2004. At December 31, 2010, the balance of net investments in capital leases to the Frontline Charterers was $1,250 million (2009: $1,466 million) of which $90 million (2009: $108 million) represents short-term maturities.
In addition, as of March 22, 2011, we charter three non-double hull VLCCs to the Frontline Charterers under short-term operating leases. These vessels, and two other non-double hull VLCCs which have been sold since December 31, 2010, were direct financing lease assets until their anniversary dates in 2010, after which the terms of the charters gave Frontline the option to terminate the charters at any time by giving 30 days notice. At December 31, 2010, the net book value of vessels chartered to the Frontline Charterers under operating leases was $67 million (2009: nil), including the sold vessels Front Ace ($15 million), which is expected to be delivered to its new owner in March 2011, and Ticen Sun (ex Front Highness: $10 million) which was delivered to its new owner in February 2011.
As of March 22, 2011, we charter four of our drilling units to the Seadrill Charterers under long-term capital leases, all of which are owned by equity-accounted subsidiaries. At December 31, 2010, the balance of net investments in capital leases to the Seadrill Charterers was $2,218 million (2009: $2,456 million), of which $236 million (2009: $238 million) represents short-term maturities.
As of March 22, 2011, we charter our six offshore supply vessels to subsidiaries of Deep Sea under long-term leases, two of which are accounted for as capital leases with the remaining four being operating leases. At December 31, 2010, the balance of net investments in capital leases to subsidiaries of Deep Sea was $101 million (2009: $109 million), of which $8 million (2009: $8 million) represents short-term maturities. At December 31, 2010, the net book value of operating assets leased to subsidiaries of Deep Sea was $137 million (2009: $147 million).
Until the charter was terminated and the vessel sold in December 2010, we chartered the Panamax drybulk carrier Golden Shadow to a subsidiary of Golden Ocean under a long-term capital lease. The vessel was owned by an equity-accounted subsidiary and the balance of the net investment in the capital lease at December 31, 2009, was $23 million. The vessel was sold at Golden Ocean's purchase option price of approximately $21.5 million.
We pay Frontline Management a management fee of $6,500 per day per vessel for all vessels chartered to the Frontline Charterers, apart from certain vessels where the fee is suspended while they are sub-chartered on a bareboat basis, resulting in expenses of $78 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 (2009: $89 million). The management fees are classified as ship operating expenses.
We have an administrative services agreement with Frontline Management under which they provide us with certain administrative support services. For periods up to December 31, 2006, we and each of our vessel-owning subsidiaries paid Frontline Management a fixed fee of $20,000 per year for services under the agreement, and agreed to reimburse Frontline Management for reasonable third party costs, if any, advanced on our behalf by Frontline. The original agreement has been amended, such that from January 1, 2007, onwards we pay Frontline Management our allocation of the actual costs they incur on our behalf, plus a margin.
The Frontline Charterers pay us profit sharing of 20% of earnings above certain specified base charter rates. During the year ended December 31, 2010, we earned and recognized revenue of $31 million (2009: $33 million) under this arrangement.
For our three Supramax drybulk carriers and two of our 1,700 TEU container vessels which are operated on time charters, we have sub-contracted part of their operational management to Golden Ocean. Golden Ocean will also be responsible for part of the operational management of the three newbuilding Supramax drybulk carriers and the seven newbuilding Handysize drybulk carriers when they commence operations. In the year ended December 31, 2010, we paid Golden Ocean approximately $20,000 for these services (2009: $nil).
We pay commission of 1% to Frontline Management in respect of all payments received in respect of the five year sales-type leases on the Suezmax tankers Glorycrown and Everbright. In 2010, we paid $0.5 million to Frontline Management pursuant to this arrangement (2009: $0.4 million).
We pay fees to Frontline Management for the management supervision of some of our newbuildings, which in 2010 amounted to approximately $2 million (2009: approximately $1 million).
In March 2010, we repaid the outstanding balance of $90 million on the unsecured $115 million loan agreed with a related party in 2008.
In March 2009, we amended the Charter Ancillary Agreement with Frontline Shipping III, whereby the charter service reserve at the time totaling $26.5 million relating to five vessels on charter to Frontline Shipping III may be in the form of a loan of $5.3 million to each of the vessel-owning subsidiaries. The loans, which bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin, were each repaid in 2010.
In January 2010, the Company agreed to grant purchase options for the VLCC Edinburgh to an unrelated third party, exercisable in March 2012 and March 2014 at a fixed price of approximately $20.5 million, which is significantly above the vessel's projected carrying value. Concurrently Frontline has agreed to increase the charterhire by $1,000 per day until March 2012 and Frontline will be entitled to earn a commission if one of the purchase options is exercised.
In February 2010, we sold the VLCC Front Vista to Frontline for a gross sales price of $59 million, including compensation of $0.4 million payable by Frontline for the cancellation of the related charter. A short-term seller's credit of $41.5 million was extended to Frontline, bearing interest at LIBOR plus a margin, and this was repaid in September 2010.
In February 2010, the Company announced that it had agreed certain amendments to the charter agreements with Frontline Shipping and Frontline Shipping II, whereby restricted cash deposits held by them as security against their charter commitments were reduced from an aggregate buffer of $174 million to a fixed minimum level of $62 million, in exchange for a guarantee from Frontline for the payment of charter hire. The restricted cash deposits will be reduced by $2 million per vessel if and when charters expire or are cancelled, but Frontline Shipping and Frontline Shipping II will otherwise be prohibited from making withdrawals from these deposits.
In April 2010, we sold the single-hull VLCC Golden River to an unrelated third party for a gross sales price of approximately $13 million. A termination fee of approximately $3 million was paid to Frontline for the early termination of the related charter.
In February 2011, we announced the agreement to sell the two single-hull VLCCs Front Ace and Ticen Sun (ex Front Highness) to unrelated third parties for a combined gross sales price of approximately $31 million. Termination fees totaling approximately $6 million will be paid to Frontline for the early termination of the related charters. Ticen Sun was delivered to its new owner in February 2011, and Front Ace is scheduled to be delivered to its new owner in March 2011.
C. INTERESTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL
Not Applicable.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
A. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION
See Item 18.
Legal Proceedings
We and our ship-owning subsidiaries are routinely party, as plaintiff or defendant, to claims and lawsuits in various jurisdictions for demurrage, damages, off hire and other claims and commercial disputes arising from the operation of their vessels, in the ordinary course of business or in connection with its acquisition activities. We believe that resolution of such claims will not have a material adverse effect on our operations or financial conditions.
Dividend Policy
Our Board of Directors adopted a policy in May 2004 in connection with our public listing, whereby we seek to pay a regular quarterly dividend, the amount of which is based on our contracted revenues and growth prospects. Our goal is to increase our quarterly dividend as we grow the business, but the timing and amount of dividends, if any, is at the sole discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend upon our operating results, financial condition, cash requirements, restrictions in terms of financing arrangements and other relevant factors.
We have paid the following cash dividends since our public listing in June 2004:
Payment Date
|
|
Amount per Share
|
|
2004
|
|
|
|
July 9, 2004
|
|
$ |
0.25 |
|
September 13, 2004
|
|
$ |
0.35 |
|
December 7, 2004
|
|
$ |
0.45 |
|
2005
|
|
|
|
March 18, 2005
|
|
$ |
0.50 |
|
June 24, 2005
|
|
$ |
0.50 |
|
September 20, 2005
|
|
$ |
0.50 |
|
December 13, 2005
|
|
$ |
0.50 |
|
2006
|
|
|
|
|
March 20, 2006
|
|
$ |
0.50 |
|
June 26, 2006
|
|
$ |
0.50 |
|
September 18, 2006
|
|
$ |
0.52 |
|
December 21, 2006
|
|
$ |
0.53 |
|
2007
|
|
|
|
March 22, 2007
|
|
$ |
0.54 |
|
June 21, 2007
|
|
$ |
0.55 |
|
September 13, 2007
|
|
$ |
0.55 |
|
December 10, 2007
|
|
$ |
0.55 |
|
2008
|
|
|
|
|
March 10, 2008
|
|
$ |
0.55 |
|
June 30, 2008
|
|
$ |
0.56 |
|
September 15, 2008
|
|
$ |
0.58 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
|
|
January 7, 2009
|
|
$ |
0.60 |
|
April 17, 2009
|
|
$ |
0.30 |
* |
July 6, 2009
|
|
$ |
0.30 |
* |
October 16, 2009
|
|
$ |
0.30 |
* |
2010
|
|
|
|
|
January 27, 2010
|
|
$ |
0.30 |
* |
March 30, 2010
|
|
$ |
0.30 |
|
June 10, 2010
|
|
$ |
0.33 |
|
September 30, 2010
|
|
$ |
0.35 |
|
December 30, 2010
|
|
$ |
0.36 |
|
* The dividends paid on April 17, 2009, July 6, 2009, October 16, 2009 and January 27, 2010 each gave shareholders the choice of receiving payment in cash or newly issued common shares. The number of new shares issued pursuant to these dividend payments is given under the heading "Equity" in Item 5: "Operating and Financial Review and Prospects."
|
On February 18, 2011 our Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.38 per share which will be paid in cash on or about March 29, 2011.
B. SIGNIFICANT CHANGES
None
ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING
Not applicable except for Item 9.A.4. and Item 9.C.
The Company's common shares were listed on the NYSE on June 15, 2004, and commenced trading on that date under the symbol "SFL".
The following table sets forth the fiscal years high and low closing prices for the common shares on the NYSE since the date of listing.
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
Fiscal year ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010
|
|
$ |
22.84 |
|
|
$ |
13.81 |
|
2009
|
|
$ |
14.32 |
|
|
$ |
4.05 |
|
2008
|
|
$ |
32.43 |
|
|
$ |
9.01 |
|
2007
|
|
$ |
31.54 |
|
|
$ |
22.24 |
|
2006
|
|
$ |
23.80 |
|
|
$ |
16.33 |
|
2005
|
|
$ |
24.00 |
|
|
$ |
16.70 |
|
The following table sets forth, for each full financial quarter for the two most recent fiscal years, the high and low closing prices of the common shares on the NYSE since the date of listing.
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First quarter
|
|
$ |
19.36 |
|
|
$ |
13.81 |
|
Second quarter
|
|
$ |
21.04 |
|
|
$ |
16.60 |
|
Third quarter
|
|
$ |
19.83 |
|
|
$ |
17.00 |
|
Fourth quarter
|
|
$ |
22.84 |
|
|
$ |
18.98 |
|
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First quarter
|
|
$ |
13.47 |
|
|
$ |
4.05 |
|
Second quarter
|
|
$ |
13.03 |
|
|
$ |
6.75 |
|
Third quarter
|
|
$ |
13.55 |
|
|
$ |
9.60 |
|
Fourth quarter
|
|
$ |
14.32 |
|
|
$ |
11.00 |
|
The following table sets forth, for the most recent six months, the high and low prices for the common shares on the NYSE.
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
February 2011
|
|
$ |
20.81 |
|
|
$ |
19.36 |
|
January 2011
|
|
$ |
22.43 |
|
|
$ |
19.98 |
|
December 2010
|
|
$ |
22.84 |
|
|
$ |
21.51 |
|
November 2010
|
|
$ |
22.01 |
|
|
$ |
20.17 |
|
October 2010
|
|
$ |
20.20 |
|
|
$ |
18.98 |
|
September 2010
|
|
$ |
19.43 |
|
|
$ |
18.09 |
|
ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
A. SHARE CAPITAL
Not Applicable.
B. MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION
The Memorandum of Association of the Company has previously been filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form F-4 (Registration No. 333-115705) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 25, 2004, and is hereby incorporated by reference into this Annual Report.
At our 2007 Annual General Meeting the shareholders voted to amend our Bye-laws to ensure conformity with recent revisions to the Bermuda Companies Act 1981, as amended. These amended Bye-laws of the Company as adopted by shareholders on September 28, 2007, have been filed as Exhibit 1 to the Company's report on Form 6-K filed on October 22, 2007, and are hereby incorporated by reference into this annual report.
The purposes and powers of the Company are set forth in Items 6(1) and 7(a) through (h) of our Memorandum of Association and in the Second Schedule of the Bermuda Companies Act of 1981, which is attached as an exhibit to our Memorandum of Association. These purposes include exploring, drilling, moving, transporting and refining petroleum and hydro-carbon products, including oil and oil products; the acquisition, ownership, chartering, selling, management and operation of ships and aircraft; the entering into of any guarantee, contract, indemnity or suretyship and to assure, support, secure, with or without the consideration or benefit, the performance of any obligations of any person or persons; and the borrowing and raising of money in any currency or currencies to secure or discharge any debt or obligation in any manner.
Bermuda law permits the Bye-laws of a Bermuda company to contain provisions excluding personal liability of a director, alternate director, officer, member of a committee authorized under Bye-law 98, resident representative or their respective heirs, executors or administrators to the company for any loss arising or liability attaching to him by virtue of any rule of law in respect of any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust of which the officer or person may be guilty. Bermuda law also grants companies the power generally to indemnify directors, alternate directors and officers of the Company and any members authorized under Bye-law 98, resident representatives or their respective heirs, executors or administrators if any such person was or is a party or threatened to be made a party to a threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, alternate director or officer of the Company or member of a committee authorized under Bye-law 98, resident representative or their respective heirs, executors or administrators or was serving in a similar capacity for another entity at the Company's request.
Our shareholders have no pre-emptive, subscription, redemption, conversion or sinking fund rights. Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders. Shareholders have no cumulative voting rights. Shareholders are entitled to dividends if and when they are declared by our board of directors, subject to any preferred dividend right of holders of any preference shares. Directors to be elected by shareholder require a majority of votes cast at a meeting at which a quorum is present. For all other matters, unless a different majority is required by law or our Bye-laws, resolutions to be approved by shareholders require approval by a majority of votes cast at a meeting at which a quorum is present.
Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, shareholders will be entitled to receive, ratably, our net assets available after the payment of all our debts and liabilities and any preference amount owed to any preference shareholders. The rights of shareholders, including the right to elect directors, are subject to the rights of any series of preference shares we may issue in the future.
Under our Bye-laws annual meetings of shareholders will be held at a time and place selected by our board of directors each calendar year. Special meetings of shareholders may be called by our board of directors at any time and must be called at the request of shareholders holding at least 10% of our paid-up share capital carrying the right to vote at general meetings. Under our Bye-laws five days' notice of an annual meeting or any special meeting must be given to each shareholder entitled to vote at that meeting. Under Bermuda law accidental failure to give notice will not invalidate proceedings at a meeting. Our board of directors may set a record date at any time before or after any date on which such notice is dispatched.
Special rights attaching to any class of our shares may be altered or abrogated with the consent in writing of not less than 75% of the issued shares of that class or with the sanction of a resolution passed at a separate general meeting of the holders of such shares voting in person or by proxy.
Our Bye-laws do not prohibit a director from being a party to, or otherwise having an interest in, any transaction or arrangement with the Company or in which the Company is otherwise interested. Our Bye-laws provide our board of directors the authority to exercise all of the powers of the Company to borrow money and to mortgage or charge all or any part of our property and assets as collateral security for any debt, liability or obligation. Our directors are not required to retire because of their age, and our directors are not required to be holders of our common shares. Directors serve for one year terms, and shall serve until re-elected or until their successors are appointed at the next annual general meeting.
Our Bye-laws provide that no director, alternate director, officer, person or member of a committee, if any, resident representative, or his heirs, executors or administrators, which we refer to collectively as an indemnitee, is liable for the acts, receipts, neglects, or defaults of any other such person or any person involved in our formation, or for any loss or expense incurred by us through the insufficiency or deficiency of title to any property acquired by us, or for the insufficiency or deficiency of any security in or upon which any of our monies shall be invested, or for any loss or damage arising from the bankruptcy, insolvency, or tortuous act of any person with whom any monies, securities, or effects shall be deposited, or for any loss occasioned by any error of judgment, omission, default, or oversight on his part, or for any other loss, damage or misfortune whatever which shall happen in relation to the execution of his duties, or supposed duties, to us or otherwise in relation thereto. Each indemnitee will be indemnified and held harmless out of our funds to the fullest extent permitted by Bermuda law against all liabilities, loss, damage or expense (including but not limited to liabilities under contract, tort and statute or any applicable foreign law or regulation and all reasonable legal and other costs and expenses properly payable) incurred or suffered by him as such director, alternate director, officer, person or committee member or resident representative (or in his reasonable belief that he is acting as any of the above). In addition, each indemnitee shall be indemnified against all liabilities incurred in defending any proceedings, whether civil or criminal, in which judgment is given in such indemnitee's favor, or in which he is acquitted. We are authorized to purchase insurance to cover any liability he may incur under the indemnification provisions of our Bye-laws.
C. MATERIAL CONTRACTS
The Company has not entered into any material contracts since January 1, 2009, other than those entered in the ordinary course of business.
D. EXCHANGE CONTROLS
The Bermuda Monetary Authority, or the BMA, must give permission for all issuances and transfers of securities of a Bermuda exempted company like us. We have received a general permission from the BMA to issue any unissued common shares, and for the free transferability of the common shares as long as our common shares are listed on the NYSE. Our common shares may therefore be freely transferred among persons who are residents or non-residents of Bermuda.
Although we are incorporated in Bermuda, we are classified as non-resident of Bermuda for exchange control purposes by the BMA. Other than transferring Bermuda Dollars out of Bermuda, there are no restrictions on our ability to transfer funds into and out of Bermuda or to pay dividends to U.S. residents who are holders of our common shares or other non-resident holders of our common shares in currency other than Bermuda Dollars.
E. TAXATION
U.S. Taxation
The following discussion is based upon the provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, existing and proposed U.S. Treasury Department regulations, or the Treasury Regulations, administrative rulings and pronouncements and judicial decisions, all as of the date of this Annual Report. Unless otherwise noted, references to the "Company" include the Company's Subsidiaries. This discussion assumes that we do not have an office or other fixed place of business in the United States.
Taxation of the Company's Shipping Income: In General
The Company anticipates that it will derive a significant portion of its gross income from the use and operation of vessels in international commerce and that this income will principally consist of freights from the transportation of cargoes, hire or lease from time or voyage charters and the performance of services directly related thereto, which the Company refers to as "shipping income."
Shipping income that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends, but that does not both begin and end, in the United States will be considered to be 50% derived from sources within the United States. Shipping income attributable to transportation that both begins and ends in the United States will be considered to be 100% derived from sources within the United States. The Company is not permitted by law to engage in transportation that gives rise to 100% U.S. source income.
Shipping income attributable to transportation exclusively between non-U.S. ports will be considered to be 100% derived from sources outside the United States. Shipping income derived from sources outside the United States will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.
Based upon the Company's anticipated shipping operations, the Company's vessels will operate in various parts of the world, including to or from U.S. ports. Unless exempt from U.S. federal income taxation under Section 883 of the Code, the Company will be subject to U.S. federal income taxation, in the manner discussed below, to the extent its shipping income is considered derived from sources within the United States.
Application of Section 883 of the Code
Under the relevant provisions of Section 883 of the Code, or Section 883, the Company will be exempt from U.S. federal income taxation on its U.S. source shipping income if:
(i) It is organized in a "qualified foreign country," which is one that grants an equivalent exemption from tax to corporations organized in the United States in respect of the shipping income for which exemption is being claimed under Section 883, and which the Company refers to as the Country of Organization Requirement; and
(ii) It can satisfy any one of the following two stock ownership requirements for more than half the days during the taxable year:
|
·
|
the Company's stock is "primarily and regularly traded on an established securities market" located in the United States or a "qualified foreign country," which the Company refers to as the Publicly-Traded Test; or
|
|
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more than 50% of the Company's stock, in terms of value, is beneficially owned by any combination of one or more individuals who are residents of a "qualified foreign country" or foreign corporations that satisfy the Country of Organization Requirement and the Publicly-Traded Test, which the Company refers to as the 50% Ownership Test.
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The U.S. Treasury Department has recognized Bermuda, the country of incorporation of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries, as a "qualified foreign country." In addition, the U.S. Treasury Department has recognized Liberia, Panama, the Isle of Man, Singapore, the Marshall Islands, Malta and Cyprus, the countries of incorporation of certain of the Company's vessel-owning subsidiaries, as "qualified foreign countries." Accordingly, the Company and its vessel-owning subsidiaries satisfy the Country of Organization Requirement.
Therefore, the Company's eligibility to qualify for exemption under Section 883 is wholly dependent upon being able to satisfy one of the stock ownership requirements.
As to the Publicly-Traded Test, the Treasury Regulations under Section 883 provide, in pertinent part, that stock of a foreign corporation will be considered to be "primarily traded" on an established securities market in a country if the number of shares of each class of stock that is traded during any taxable year on all established securities markets in that country exceeds the number of shares in each such class that is traded during that year on established securities markets in any other single country.
The Publicly-Traded Test also requires our common shares be "regularly traded" on an established securities market. Under the Treasury Regulations, our common shares are considered to be "regularly traded" on an established securities market if shares representing more than 50% of our outstanding common shares, by both total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote and total value, are listed on the market, referred to as the "listing threshold." The Treasury Regulations further require that with respect to each class of stock relied upon to meet the listing threshold, (i) such class of stock is traded on the market, other than in minimal quantities, on at least 60 days during the taxable year or 1/6 of the days in a short taxable year, which is referred to as the "trading frequency test;" and (ii) the aggregate number of shares of such class of stock traded on such market during the taxable year is at least 10% of the average number of shares of such class of stock outstanding during such year (as appropriately adjusted in the case of a short taxable year), which is referred to a the "trading volume test." Even if we do not satisfy both the trading frequency and trading volume tests, the Treasury Regulations provide that the trading frequency and trading volume tests will be deemed satisfied if our common shares are traded on an established securities market in the United States and such stock is regularly quoted by dealers making a market in our common shares.
For the 2010 taxable year, we believe the Company satisfied the Publicly-Traded Test since, on more than half the days of the taxable year, we believe the Company's common shares were primarily and regularly traded on an established securities market in the United States, namely the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, our common shares will not be considered to be regularly traded on an established securities market for any taxable year in which 50% or more of the vote and value of the outstanding common shares are owned, actually or constructively under certain stock attribution rules, on more than half the days during the taxable year by persons who each own 5% or more of the value of our common shares, which we refer to as the 5 Percent Override Rule.
In order to determine the persons who actually or constructively own 5% or more of our common shares, or 5% Shareholders, we are permitted to rely on those persons that are identified on Schedule 13G and Schedule 13D filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission as having a 5% or more beneficial interest in our common shares. In addition, an investment company identified on a Schedule 13G or Schedule 13D filing which is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, will not be treated as a 5% Shareholder for such purposes.
Therefore, there are factual circumstances beyond our control that could cause the Company to lose the benefit of the Section 883 exemption and thereby become subject to U.S. federal income tax on its U.S. source shipping income. For example, Hemen owned approximately 43.1% of our outstanding common shares at March 22, 2011. There is, therefore, a risk that the Company could no longer qualify for exemption under Section 883 for a particular taxable year if other 5% Shareholders were, in combination with Hemen, to own 50% or more of the outstanding common shares of the Company on more than half the days during the taxable year. Due to the factual nature of the issues involved, there can be no assurances as to the tax-exempt status of the Company or any of its subsidiaries.
In the event the 5 Percent Override Rule is triggered, the 5 Percent Override Rule will nevertheless not apply if we can establish that among the closely-held group of 5% Shareholders, there are sufficient 5% Shareholders that are considered to be "qualified shareholders" for purposes of Section 883 to preclude non-qualified 5% Shareholders in the closely-held group from owning 50% or more of our common shares for more than half the number of days during the taxable year.
In any year that the 5 Percent Override Rule is triggered with respect to us, we are eligible for the exemption from tax under Section 883 only if we can nevertheless satisfy the Publicly-Traded Test (which requires, among other things, showing that the exception to the 5 Percent Override Rule applies) or if we can satisfy the 50% Ownership Test. In either case, certain substantiation and reporting requirements regarding the identity of our shareholders must be satisfied in order to qualify for the Section 883 exemption. These requirements are onerous and there is no assurance that we would be able to satisfy them.
Taxation in Absence of the Section 883 Exemption
To the extent the benefits of Section 883 are unavailable with respect to any item of U.S. source income, the Company's U.S. source shipping income, to the extent not considered to be "effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business, as described below, would be subject to a 4% tax imposed by Section 887 of the Code on a gross basis, without the benefit of deductions, which we refer to as the "4% gross basis tax regime." Since, under the sourcing rules described above, no more than 50% of the Company's shipping income would be treated as being derived from U.S. sources, the maximum effective rate of U.S. federal income tax on the Company's shipping income, to the extent not considered to be "effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business, would never exceed 2% under the 4% gross basis tax regime.
To the extent the benefits of the Section 883 exemption are unavailable and our U.S. source shipping income is considered to be "effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business, as described below, any such "effectively connected" U.S. source shipping income, net of applicable deductions, would be subject to the U.S. federal corporate income tax currently imposed at rates of up to 35%. In addition, we may be subject to the 30% "branch profits" tax on earnings "effectively connected" with the conduct of such U.S. trade or business, as determined after allowance for certain adjustments, and on certain interest paid or deemed paid attributable to the conduct of such U.S. trade or business.
Our U.S. source shipping income would be considered "effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business only if:
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we had, or were considered to have, a fixed place of business in the United States involved in the earning of U.S. source shipping income; and
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substantially all of our U.S. source shipping income were attributable to regularly scheduled transportation, such as the operation of a vessel that followed a published schedule with repeated sailings at regular intervals between the same points for voyages that begin or end in the United States, or, in the case of income from the chartering of a vessel, were attributable to a fixed place of business in the United States.
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We do not have, nor will we permit circumstances that would result in having, any vessel sailing to or from the United States on a regularly scheduled basis. Based on the foregoing and on the expected mode of our shipping operations and other activities, we believe that none of our U.S. source shipping income is or will be "effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business.
Gain on Sale of Vessels
Regardless of whether we qualify for exemption under Section 883, we will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation with respect to gain realized on a sale of a vessel, provided the sale is considered to occur outside of the United States under U.S. federal income tax principles. In general, a sale of a vessel will be considered to occur outside of the United States for this purpose if title to the vessel, and risk of loss with respect to the vessel, pass to the buyer outside of the United States. It is expected that any sale of a vessel by us will be considered to occur outside of the United States.
U.S. Taxation of Our Other Income
In addition to our shipping operations, we charter drillrigs to third parties who conduct drilling operations in various parts of the world. Since we are not engaged in a trade or business in the United States, we do not expect to be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any of our income from such charters.
Taxation of U.S. Holders
The following is a discussion of the material U.S. federal income tax considerations relevant to an investment decision by a U.S. Holder, as defined below, with respect to our common shares. This discussion does not purport to deal with the tax consequences of owning our common shares to all categories of investors, some of which may be subject to special rules. You are encouraged to consult your own tax advisors concerning the overall tax consequences arising in your own particular situation under U.S. federal, state, local or foreign law of the ownership of our common shares.
As used herein, the term U.S. Holder means a beneficial owner of our common shares that (i) is a U.S. citizen or resident, a U.S. corporation or other U.S. entity taxable as a corporation, an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source, or a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary jurisdiction over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust, (ii) owns our common shares as a capital asset, generally, for investment purposes, and (iii) owns less than 10% of our common shares for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
If a partnership holds our common shares, the tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and upon the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner in a partnership holding our common shares, you are encouraged to consult your own tax advisor regarding this issue.
Distributions
Subject to the discussion below of passive foreign investment companies, or PFICs, any distributions made by us with respect to our common shares to a U.S. Holder will generally constitute dividends, which may be taxable as ordinary income or "qualified dividend income" as described in more detail below, to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. Distributions in excess of our earnings and profits will be treated first as a nontaxable return of capital to the extent of the U.S. Holder's tax basis in his common shares on a dollar-for-dollar basis and thereafter as capital gain. Because we are not a U.S. corporation, U.S. Holders that are corporations will not be entitled to claim a dividends-received deduction with respect to any distributions they receive from us.
Dividends paid on our common shares to a U.S. Holder who is an individual, trust or estate, which we refer to as a U.S. Individual Holder, will generally be treated as "qualified dividend income" that is taxable to such U.S. Individual Holders at preferential tax rates (through 2012) provided that (1) the common shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States (such as the NYSE, on which our common shares are listed); (2) we are not a PFIC for the taxable year during which the dividend is paid or the immediately preceding taxable year (see discussion below); and (3) the U.S. Individual Holder has owned the common shares for more than 60 days in the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the date on which the common shares become ex-dividend.
There is no assurance that any dividends paid on our common shares will be eligible for these preferential rates in the hands of a U.S. Individual Holder. Legislation has been previously introduced in the U.S. Congress which, if enacted in its present form, would preclude our dividends from qualifying for such preferential rates prospectively from the date of the enactment. Any dividends paid by the Company which are not eligible for these preferential rates will be taxed as ordinary income to a U.S. Individual Holder.
Sale, Exchange or other Disposition of Common Shares
Assuming we do not constitute a PFIC for any taxable year, a U.S. Holder generally will recognize taxable gain or loss upon a sale, exchange or other disposition of our common shares in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized by the U.S. Holder from such sale, exchange or other disposition and the U.S. Holder's tax basis in such common shares. Such gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder's holding period in the common shares is greater than one year at the time of the sale, exchange or other disposition. Otherwise, it will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. A U.S. Holder's ability to deduct capital losses is subject to certain limitations.
Passive Foreign Investment Company Status and Significant Tax Consequences
Special U.S. federal income tax rules apply to a U.S. Holder that holds stock in a foreign corporation classified as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In general, we will be treated as a PFIC with respect to a U.S. Holder if, for any taxable year in which such holder held our common shares, either at least 75% of our gross income for such taxable year consists of "passive income" (e.g., dividends, interest, capital gains and rents derived other than in the active conduct of a rental business), or at least 50% of the average value of the assets held by the corporation during such taxable year produce, or are held for the production of, "passive income."
For purposes of determining whether we are a PFIC, we will be treated as earning and owning our proportionate share of the income and assets, respectively, of any of our subsidiary corporations in which we own at least 25% of the value of the subsidiary's stock. Income earned, or deemed earned, by us in connection with the performance of services would not constitute passive income. By contrast, rental income would generally constitute "passive income" unless we were treated under specific rules as deriving our rental income in the active conduct of a trade or business.
Although there is no legal authority directly on point, we believe that, for purposes of determining whether we are a PFIC, the gross income we derive or are deemed to derive from the time chartering activities of our wholly-owned subsidiaries more likely than not constitutes services income, rather than rental income. Correspondingly, we believe that such income does not constitute "passive income," and the assets that we or our wholly-owned subsidiaries own and operate in connection with the production of such income, in particular, the vessels, do not constitute passive assets for purposes of determining whether we are a PFIC. We believe there is substantial legal authority supporting our position consisting of case law and Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, pronouncements concerning the characterization of income derived from time charters and voyage charters as services income for other tax purposes. This position is principally based upon the positions that (1) our time charter income will constitute services income, rather than rental income, and (2) Frontline Management, which provides services to most of our time-chartered vessels, will be respected as a separate entity from the Frontline Charterers, with which it is affiliated.
For the 2010 taxable year and future taxable years, depending upon the relative amount of income we derive from our various assets as well as their relative fair market values, we may be treated as a PFIC.
We note that there is no direct legal authority under the PFIC rules addressing our current and proposed method of operation. In addition, although we intend to conduct our affairs in a manner to avoid being classified as a PFIC with respect to any taxable year, we cannot assure you that the nature of our operations will not change in the future. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the IRS or a court of law will accept our position, and there is a significant risk that the IRS or a court of law could determine that we are a PFIC.
As discussed more fully below, if we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, a U.S. Holder would be subject to different taxation rules depending on whether the U.S. Holder makes an election to treat us as a "Qualified Electing Fund", which election we refer to as a QEF Election. As an alternative to making a QEF election, a U.S. Holder should be able to make a "mark-to-market" election with respect to our common shares, as discussed below, and which election we refer to as a Mark-to-Market Election.
Taxation of U.S. Holders Making a Timely QEF Election
If a U.S. Holder makes a timely QEF Election, which U.S. Holder we refer to as an Electing Holder, the Electing Holder must report each year for U.S. federal income tax purposes its pro rata share of our ordinary earnings and our net capital gain, if any, for our taxable year that ends with or within the taxable year of the Electing Holder, regardless of whether or not distributions were received from us by the Electing Holder. The Electing Holder's adjusted tax basis in the common shares will be increased to reflect taxed but undistributed earnings and profits. Distributions of earnings and profits that had been previously taxed will result in a corresponding reduction in the adjusted tax basis in the common shares and will not be taxed again once distributed. A U.S. Holder would make a QEF Election with respect to any taxable year that we are a PFIC by filing one copy of IRS Form 8621 with its U.S. federal income tax return. To make a QEF Election, a U.S. Holder must receive annually certain tax information from us. There can be no assurances that we will be able to provide such information annually. An Electing Holder would generally recognize capital gain or loss on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common shares.
Taxation of U.S. Holders Making a Mark-to-Market Election
Alternatively, if we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year and, as we anticipate, our common shares are treated as "marketable stock," a U.S. Holder would be permitted to make a Mark-to-Market Election with respect to our common shares, provided the U.S. Holder completes and files IRS Form 8621 in accordance with the relevant instructions and related Treasury Regulations. If that election is made, the U.S. Holder generally would include as ordinary income in each taxable year the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the common shares at the end of the taxable year over such holder's adjusted tax basis in the common shares. The U.S. Holder would also be permitted an ordinary loss in respect of the excess, if any, of the U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in the common shares over its fair market value at the end of the taxable year, but only to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the Mark-to-Market Election. A U.S. Holder's tax basis in its common shares would be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amount. Gain realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common shares would be treated as ordinary income, and any loss realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of the common shares would be treated as ordinary loss to the extent that such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included in income by the U.S. Holder.
Taxation of U.S. Holders Not Making a Timely QEF or Mark-to-Market Election
Finally, if we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, a U.S. Holder who does not make either a QEF Election or a Mark-to-Market Election for that year, whom we refer to as a Non-Electing Holder, would be subject to special rules with respect to (1) any excess distribution (i.e., the portion of any distributions received by the Non-Electing Holder on our common shares in a taxable year in excess of 125 % of the average annual distributions received by the Non-Electing Holder in the three preceding taxable years, or, if shorter, the Non-Electing Holder's holding period for the common shares), and (2) any gain realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common shares. Under these special rules:
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the excess distribution or gain would be allocated ratably over the Non-Electing Holders' aggregate holding period for the common shares;
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the amount allocated to the current taxable year and any taxable years before the Company became a PFIC would be taxed as ordinary income; and
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the amount allocated to each of the other taxable years would be subject to tax at the highest rate of tax in effect for the applicable class of taxpayer for that year, and an interest charge for the deemed deferral benefit would be imposed with respect to the resulting tax attributable to each such other taxable year.
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These penalties would not apply to a pension or profit sharing trust or other tax-exempt organization that did not borrow funds or otherwise utilize leverage in connection with its acquisition of our common shares. If we were a PFIC, and a Non-Electing Holder who is an individual died while owning our common shares, such holder's successor generally would not receive a step-up in tax basis with respect to such common shares.
Taxation of Non-U.S. Holders
A beneficial owner of common shares (other than a partnership) that is not a U.S. Holder is referred to herein as a Non-U.S. Holder.
Dividends on Common Shares
Non-U.S. Holders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on dividends received from us with respect to our common shares, unless that dividend is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder's conduct of a trade or business in the United States. If the Non-U.S. Holder is entitled to the benefits of a U.S. income tax treaty with respect to those dividends, that income is taxable, or taxable at the full rate, only if it is attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the Non-U.S. Holder in the United States.
Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition of Common Shares
Non-U.S. Holders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on any gain realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common shares, unless:
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the gain is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder's conduct of a trade or business in the United States (and, if the Non-U.S. Holder is entitled to the benefits of an income tax treaty with respect to that gain, that gain is attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the Non-U.S. Holder in the United States); or
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the Non-U.S. Holder is an individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year of disposition and other conditions are met.
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If the Non-U.S. Holder is engaged in a U.S. trade or business for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the income from the common shares, including dividends and the gain from the sale, exchange or other disposition of the common shares, that is effectively connected with the conduct of that trade or business will generally be subject to regular U.S. federal income tax in the same manner as discussed in the previous section relating to the taxation of U.S. Holders. In addition, if you are a corporate Non-U.S. Holder, your earnings and profits that are attributable to the effectively connected income, subject to certain adjustments, may be subject to an additional branch profits tax at a rate of 30%, or at a lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
In general, dividend payments, or other taxable distributions, made within the United States to you will be subject to information reporting requirements. Such payments will also be subject to "backup withholding" if you are a non-corporate U.S. Holder and you:
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fail to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number;
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are notified by the IRS that you have failed to report all interest or dividends required to be shown on your U.S. federal income tax returns; or
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in certain circumstances, fail to comply with applicable certification requirements.
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Non-U.S. Holders may be required to establish their exemption from information reporting and backup withholding by certifying their status on IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8ECI or W-8IMY, as applicable.
If you are a Non-U.S. Holder and you sell your common shares to or through a U.S. office of a broker, the payment of the proceeds is subject to both U.S. backup withholding and information reporting unless you certify that you are a non-U.S. person, under penalties of perjury, or otherwise establish an exemption. If you sell your common shares through a non-U.S. office of a non-U.S. broker and the sales proceeds are paid to you outside the United States, then information reporting and backup withholding generally will not apply to that payment. However, U.S. information reporting, but not backup withholding, will apply to a payment of sales proceeds, including a payment made to you outside the United States, if you sell your common shares through a non-U.S. office of a broker that is a U.S. person or has some other contacts with the United States. Such information reporting requirements will not apply, however, if the broker has documentary evidence that you are a non-U.S. person and certain other conditions are met, or you otherwise establish an exemption.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Rather, you generally may obtain a refund of any amounts withheld under backup withholding rules that exceed your income tax liability by filing a refund claim with the IRS.
Bermuda Taxation
Under current Bermuda law, we are not subject to tax on income or capital gains. We have received from the Minister of Finance under The Exempted Undertaking Tax Protection Act 1966, as amended, an assurance that, in the event that Bermuda enacts legislation imposing tax computed on profits, income, any capital asset, gain or appreciation, or any tax in the nature of estate duty or inheritance, then the imposition of any such tax shall not be applicable to us or to any of our operations or shares, debentures or other obligations, until March 28, 2016. We could be subject to taxes in Bermuda after that date. This assurance is subject to the proviso that it is not to be construed to prevent the application of any tax or duty to such persons as are ordinarily resident in Bermuda or to prevent the application of any tax payable in accordance with the provisions of the Land Tax Act 1967 or otherwise payable in relation to any property leased to us. We and our subsidiaries incorporated in Bermuda pay annual government fees to the Bermuda government.
Liberian Taxation
The Republic of Liberia enacted a new income tax act effective as of January 1, 2001, or the New Act. In contrast to the income tax law previously in effect since 1977, or the Prior Law, which the New Act repealed in its entirety, the New Act does not distinguish between the taxation of a non-resident Liberian corporation, such as our Liberian subsidiaries, which conduct no business in Liberia and were wholly exempted from tax under the Prior Law, and the taxation of ordinary resident Liberian corporations.
In 2004, the Liberian Ministry of Finance issued regulations, or the New Regulations, pursuant to which a non-resident domestic corporation engaged in international shipping, such as our Liberian subsidiaries, will not be subject to tax under the New Act retroactive to January 1, 2001. In addition, the Liberian Ministry of Justice issued an opinion that the New Regulations were a valid exercise of the regulatory authority of the Ministry of Finance. Therefore, assuming that the New Regulations are valid, our Liberian subsidiaries will be wholly exempt from Liberian income tax as under the Prior Law.
If our Liberian subsidiaries were subject to Liberian income tax under the New Act, our Liberian subsidiaries would be subject to tax at a rate of 35% on their worldwide income. As a result, their, and subsequently our, net income and cash flow would be materially reduced by the amount of the applicable tax. In addition, we, as shareholder of the Liberian subsidiaries, would be subject to Liberian withholding tax on dividends paid by the Liberian subsidiaries at rates ranging from 15% to 20%.
F. DIVIDENDS AND PAYING AGENTS
Not Applicable
G. STATEMENT BY EXPERTS
Not Applicable
H. DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act, as amended. In accordance with these requirements, we file reports and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These materials, including this annual report and the accompanying exhibits, may be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the Commission at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the public reference room by calling 1 (800) SEC-0330, and you may obtain copies at prescribed rates from the public reference facilities maintained by the Commission at its principal office in Washington, D.C. 20549. The SEC maintains a website (http://www.sec.gov.) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC. In addition, documents referred to in this annual report may be inspected at our principal executive offices at Par-la-Ville Place, 14 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton, Bermuda HM 08. Our filings are also available on our website at www.shipfinance.bm. This web address is provided as an inactive textual reference only. Information on our website does not constitute part of this annual report.
I. SUBSIDIARY INFORMATION
Not Applicable
ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to various market risks, including interest rates and foreign currency fluctuations. We use interest rate swaps to manage interest rate risk and currency swaps to manage currency risks. We may enter into derivative instruments from time to time for speculative purposes.
At December 31, 2010, the Company had entered into combined currency and interest rate swap contracts with a total notional principal of NOK500 million ($85 million), to hedge against fluctuations in interest and exchange rates on our NOK500 million floating rate unsecured bonds due 2014. Under these contracts, variable NIBOR interest rates including additional margin is swapped for fixed interest at 5.32%, and both the payment of interest and eventual settlement of the bonds will have an effective exchange rate of NOK5.91 = $1. These contracts expire in April 2014 and we estimate that we would receive $2 million to terminate them as of December 31, 2010 (2009: nil).
At December 31, 2010, the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries had entered into interest rate swap contracts with a combined notional principal amount of $946 million at rates excluding margin over LIBOR of between 1.88% per annum and 5.65% per annum. In addition, our equity-accounted subsidiaries had entered into interest swaps with a combined notional principal amount of $1.1 billion at rates excluding margin over LIBOR of between 1.91% per annum and 3.92% per annum. The swap agreements mature between September 2011 and May 2019, and we estimate that we would pay $102 million to terminate these agreements as of December 31, 2010 (2009: pay $92 million).
The overall effect of these swaps is to fix the interest rate on approximately $2.2 billion of floating rate debt denominated in U.S. dollars and Norwegian kroner at a weighted average interest rate of 4.69% per annum including margin.
Several of our charter contracts contain interest adjustment clauses, whereby the charter rate is adjusted to reflect the actual interest paid on the outstanding loan, effectively transferring the interest rate exposure to the counterparty under the charter contract. At December 31, 2010, a total of $1.9 billion of our floating rate debt was subject to such interest adjustment clauses, including our equity accounted subsidiaries. Of this, $1.3 billion was also subject to interest rate swaps entered into for the benefit of the charterer, with the balance of $615 million remained on a floating rate basis.
At December 31, 2010, our net exposure, including equity-accounted subsidiaries, to interest rate fluctuations on our outstanding debt was $602 million, compared with $548 million at December 31, 2009. Our net exposure to interest fluctuations is based on our total of $3.4 billion floating rate debt outstanding at December 31, 2010, less the $2.2 billion notional principle of our interest rate swaps and the $615 million outstanding floating rate debt subject to interest adjustment clauses under charter contracts. A one per-cent change in interest rates would thus increase or decrease interest expense by $6.0 million per year as of December 31, 2010 (2009: $5.5 million).
Apart from the above interest rate and currency swap contracts, at December 31, 2010, and the date of this report we were not party to any other derivative contracts.
The fair market value of our outstanding 8.5% Senior Notes was $301 million as of December 31, 2010 (2009: $290 million).
The Company may in the future enter into short-term TRS arrangements relating to our own shares, bonds and Senior Notes or securities in other companies.
Apart from our NOK500 million floating rate bonds, which have been hedged, the majority of our transactions, assets and liabilities are denominated in U.S. dollars, our functional currency.
ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
Not Applicable
PART II
ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
Neither we nor any of our subsidiaries have been subject to a material default in the payment of principal, interest, a sinking fund or purchase fund installment or any other material default that was not cured within 30 days. In addition, the payments of our dividends are not, and have not been in arrears or have not been subject to material delinquency that was not cured within 30 days.
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None
ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Pursuant to Rules 13a-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e) of the Exchange Act, management assessed the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2010. Based upon that evaluation, the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the evaluation date.
b) Management's annual report on internal controls over financial reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act.
Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by our board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:
|
·
|
pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;
|
|
·
|
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of Company's management and directors; and
|
|
·
|
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
|
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management conducted the evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal controls over financial reporting using the control criteria framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission published in its report entitled Internal Control-Integrated Framework.
Our management with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer assessed the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act, as of December 31, 2010. Based upon that evaluation, the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that the Company's internal controls over financial reporting are effective as of December 31, 2010.
c) Attestation report of the registered public accounting firm
MSPC, Certified Public Accountants and Advisors, or MSPC, a Professional Corporation and our independent registered public accounting firm, has issued their attestation report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010. Such report appears on page F-2.
d) Changes in internal control over financial reporting
There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this annual report that have materially effected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 16 A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT
Our board of directors has determined that our Audit Committee has one Audit Committee Financial Expert. Kate Blankenship is an independent Director and is the Audit Committee Financial Expert.
ITEM 16 B. CODE OF ETHICS
We have adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to all entities controlled by us and our employees, directors, officers and agents of the Company. We have posted our code of ethics on our website at www.shipfinance.bm. We will provide any person, free of charge, with a copy of our code of ethics upon written request to our registered office.
ITEM 16 C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Our principal accountant for 2010 and 2009 was MSPC. The following table sets forth the fees related to audit and other services provided by MSPC.
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Audit Fees (a)
|
$ |
520,000 |
|
|
$ |
515,000 |
|
Audit-Related Fees (b)
|
$ |
98,500 |
|
|
$ |
71,000 |
|
Tax Fees (c)
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
All Other Fees (d)
|
$ |
37,296 |
|
|
$ |
33,109 |
|
Total
|
$ |
655,796 |
|
|
$ |
619,109 |
|
Audit fees represent professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements and services provided by the principal accountant in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements.
Audit-related fees consisted of assurance and related services rendered by the principal accountant related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements which have not been reported under Audit Fees above.
Tax fees represent fees for professional services rendered by the principal accountant for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning.
All other fees include services other than audit fees, audit-related fees and tax fees set forth above.
|
(e)
|
Audit Committee's Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures
|
Our board of directors has adopted pre-approval policies and procedures in compliance with paragraph (c) (7)(i) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X, that require the Board of Directors to approve the appointment of our independent auditor before such auditor is engaged and approve each of the audit and non-audit related services to be provided by such auditor under such engagement by the Company. All services provided by the principal auditor in 2010 and 2009 were approved by the Board of Directors pursuant to the pre-approval policy.
ITEM 16 D. EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES
Not applicable
ITEM 16 E. PURCHASE OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS
No shares have been repurchased by the Company since January 2006.
ITEM 16 F. CHANGE IN REGISTRANT'S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT
Not applicable.
ITEM 16 G. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Pursuant to an exception under the NYSE listing standards available to foreign private issuers, we are not required to comply with all of the corporate governance practices followed by U.S. companies under the NYSE listing standards. The significant differences between our corporate governance practices and the NYSE standards applicable to listed U.S. companies are set forth below.
Executive Sessions. The NYSE requires that non-management directors meet regularly in executive sessions without management. The NYSE also requires that all independent directors meet in an executive session at least once a year. As permitted under Bermuda law and our Bye-laws, our non-management directors have not regularly held executive sessions without management, and we do not expect them to do so in the future.
Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee. The NYSE requires that a listed U.S. company have a nominating/corporate governance committee of independent directors and a committee charter specifying the purpose, duties and evaluation procedures of the committee. As permitted under Bermuda law and our Bye-laws, we do not currently have a nominating or corporate governance committee.
Audit Committee. The NYSE requires, among other things, that a listed U.S. company have an audit committee with a minimum of three members. As permitted by Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act, our audit committee consists of two independent members of our Board of Directors.
Corporate Governance Guidelines. The NYSE requires U.S. companies to adopt and disclose corporate governance guidelines. The guidelines must address, among other things: director qualification standards, director responsibilities, director access to management and independent advisers, director compensation, director orientation and continuing education, management succession and an annual performance evaluation. We are not required to adopt such guidelines under Bermuda law and we have not adopted such guidelines.
PART III
ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
See Item 18.
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following financial statements listed below and set forth on pages F-1 through F-34 and A-1 through A-16 are filed as part of this annual report:
Financial Statements: Ship Finance International Limited
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
F-2
|
Consolidated Statement of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008
|
F-3
|
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2010 and 2009
|
F-4
|
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008
|
F-5
|
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity and Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008
|
F-6
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
F-7
|
Financial Statements: SFL Deepwater Ltd.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
A-2
|
Statement of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008
|
A-3
|
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2009 and 2008
|
A-4
|
Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008
|
A-5
|
Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity and Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008
|
A-6
|
Notes to Financial Statements
|
A-7
|
The financial statements of SFL Deepwater Ltd. have been included in this document pursuant to Rule 3-09 of Regulation S-X
ITEM 19. EXHIBITS
Number
|
Description of Exhibit
|
1.1*
|
Memorandum of Association of Ship Finance International Limited (the "Company"), incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company's Registration Statement, SEC File No. 333-115705, filed on May 21, 2004 (the "Original Registration Statement").
|
|
|
1.2*
|
Amended and Restated Bye-laws of the Company, as adopted on September 28, 2007, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1 of the Company's 6-K filed on October 22, 2007.
|
|
|
2.1*
|
Form of Common Stock Certificate of the Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Company's Original Registration Statement.
|
|
|
4.1*
|
Indenture relating to 8.5% Senior Notes due 2013, dated December 18, 2003, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 of the Company's Original Registration Statement.
|
|
|
4.2*
|
Form of Performance Guarantee dated January 1, 2004, issued by Frontline Ltd, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Company's Original Registration Statement.
|
|
|
4.3*
|
Amendment No. 4 to Performance Guarantee dated January 1, 2004, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of the Company's 2009 Annual Report as filed on Form 20-F on April 1, 2010.
|
|
|
4.4*
|
Form of Time Charter, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Company's Original Registration Statement.
|
|
|
4.5*
|
Form of Vessel Management Agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of the Company's Original Registration Statement.
|
|
|
4.6*
|
Form of Charter Ancillary Agreement dated January 1, 2004, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of the Company's Original Registration Statement.
|
|
|
4.7*
|
Addendum No. 6 to Charter Ancillary Agreement dated January 1, 2004, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8 of the Company's 2009 Annual Report as filed on Form 20-F on April 1, 2010.
|
|
|
4.8*
|
Amendments dated August 21, 2007, to the Charter Ancillary Agreements, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8 of the Company's 2007 Annual Report as filed on Form 20-F on March 17, 2008.
|
|
|
4.9*
|
New Administrative Services Agreement dated November 29, 2007, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.10 of the Company's 2007 Annual Report as filed on Form 20-F on March 17, 2008.
|
|
|
4.10*
|
Share Option Scheme, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 of the Company's 2006 Annual Report as filed on Form 20-F on July 2, 2007.
|
|
|
4.11
|
Bond Agreement relating to Ship Finance International Limited Callable Senior Unsecured Bond Issue 2010/2014, dated October 6, 2010.
|
|
|
4.12
|
Bond Agreement relating to Ship Finance International Limited Senior Unsecured Callable Convertible Bond Issue 2011/2016, dated February 11, 2011.
|
|
|
8.1
|
Subsidiaries of the Company.
|
|
|
12.1
|
Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended.
|
|
|
12.2
|
Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended.
|
|
|
13.1
|
Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 USC Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|
|
|
13.2
|
Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 USC Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|
|
|
15.1
|
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
|
|
|
* Incorporated herein by reference.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and has duly caused this annual report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
|
|
|
|
SHIP FINANCE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
|
|
(Registrant)
|
|
|
|
Date: March 25, 2011
|
By:
|
/s/ Ole B. Hjertaker
|
|
|
Ole B. Hjertaker
|
|
|
Principal Executive Officer
|
Ship Finance International Limited
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
F-2
|
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008
|
F-3
|
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2010 and 2009
|
F-4
|
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008
|
F-5
|
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity and Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31 2010, 2009 and 2008
|
F-6
|
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
|
F-7
|
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
Ship Finance International Limited
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Ship Finance International Limited and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders' equity and comprehensive income, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2010. We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on criteria established in Internal Control— Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's annual report on internal controls over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall consolidated financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Ship Finance International Limited and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2010, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
/S/ MSPC
Certified Public Accountants and Advisors
A Professional Corporation
New York, New York
March 25, 2011
Ship Finance International Limited
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008
(in thousands of $, except per share amounts)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
Operating revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct financing lease interest income - related parties
|
|
|
119,445 |
|
|
|
147,498 |
|
|
|
174,948 |
|
Direct financing and sales-type lease interest income - non-related parties
|
|
|
7,332 |
|
|
|
3,870 |
|
|
|
3,674 |
|
Finance lease service revenues - related parties
|
|
|
76,876 |
|
|
|
88,953 |
|
|
|
93,553 |
|
Profit sharing revenues - related parties
|
|
|
30,566 |
|
|
|
33,018 |
|
|
|
110,962 |
|
Time charter revenues - related parties
|
|
|
698 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Time charter revenues - non-related parties
|
|
|
3,731 |
|
|
|
2,836 |
|
|
|
18,646 |
|
Bareboat charter revenues - related parties
|
|
|
21,863 |
|
|
|
20,402 |
|
|
|
21,188 |
|
Bareboat charter revenues - non-related parties
|
|
|
47,064 |
|
|
|
48,452 |
|
|
|
34,606 |
|
Other operating income
|
|
|
485 |
|
|
|
191 |
|
|
|
228 |
|
Total operating revenues
|
|
|
308,060 |
|
|
|
345,220 |
|
|
|
457,805 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on sale of assets
|
|
|
28,104 |
|
|
|
24,721 |
|
|
|
17,377 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ship operating expenses - related parties
|
|
|
78,289 |
|
|
|
88,953 |
|
|
|
93,553 |
|
Ship operating expenses - non-related parties
|
|
|
2,732 |
|
|
|
2,541 |
|
|
|
6,353 |
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
34,201 |
|
|
|
30,236 |
|
|
|
28,038 |
|
Vessel impairment charge
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
26,756 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Administrative expenses - related parties
|
|
|
424 |
|
|
|
411 |
|
|
|
1,013 |
|
Administrative expenses - non-related parties
|
|
|
8,673 |
|
|
|
11,780 |
|
|
|
8,823 |
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
124,319 |
|
|
|
160,677 |
|
|
|
137,780 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating income
|
|
|
211,845 |
|
|
|
209,264 |
|
|
|
337,402 |
|
Non-operating income / (expense)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income - related parties
|
|
|
20,068 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Interest income - non-related parties
|
|
|
1,039 |
|
|
|
240 |
|
|
|
3,478 |
|
Interest expense - related parties
|
|
|
(3,121 |
) |
|
|
(15,923 |
) |
|
|
(1,260 |
) |
Interest expense - non-related parties
|
|
|
(98,311 |
) |
|
|
(101,152 |
) |
|
|
(125,932 |
) |
(Loss)/gain on purchase of bonds
|
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
20,600 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Long-term investment impairment charge
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(7,110 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Other financial items, net
|
|
|
(16,208 |
) |
|
|
11,050 |
|
|
|
(54,876 |
) |
Net income before equity in earnings of associated companies
|
|
|
115,299 |
|
|
|
116,969 |
|
|
|
158,812 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity in earnings of associated companies
|
|
|
50,413 |
|
|
|
75,629 |
|
|
|
22,799 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
165,712 |
|
|
|
192,598 |
|
|
|
181,611 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per share information:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic earnings per share
|
|
|
$2.10 |
|
|
|
$2.59 |
|
|
|
$2.50 |
|
Diluted earnings per share
|
|
|
$2.09 |
|
|
|
$2.59 |
|
|
|
$2.50 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Ship Finance International Limited
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
as of December 31, 2010 and 2009
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
86,967 |
|
|
|
84,186 |
|
Restricted cash
|
|
|
5,601 |
|
|
|
4,101 |
|
Trade accounts receivable
|
|
|
1,074 |
|
|
|
1,873 |
|
Due from related parties
|
|
|
32,745 |
|
|
|
35,251 |
|
Other receivables
|
|
|
4,127 |
|
|
|
1,076 |
|
Inventories
|
|
|
484 |
|
|
|
94 |
|
Prepaid expenses and accrued income
|
|
|
327 |
|
|
|
177 |
|
Investment in direct financing and sales-type leases, current portion
|
|
|
103,976 |
|
|
|
139,889 |
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
235,301 |
|
|
|
266,647 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vessels and equipment
|
|
|
811,740 |
|
|
|
638,665 |
|
Accumulated depreciation on vessels and equipment
|
|
|
(116,229 |
) |
|
|
(82,058 |
) |
Vessels and equipment, net
|
|
|
695,511 |
|
|
|
556,607 |
|
Newbuildings
|
|
|
90,601 |
|
|
|
71,047 |
|
Investment in direct financing and sales-type leases, long-term portion
|
|
|
1,351,305 |
|
|
|
1,653,826 |
|
Investment in associated companies
|
|
|
164,364 |
|
|
|
501,203 |
|
Loans to related parties, long-term
|
|
|
325,612 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Other long-term investments
|
|
|
2,945 |
|
|
|
2,329 |
|
Deferred charges
|
|
|
14,828 |
|
|
|
7,927 |
|
Financial instruments (long-term): mark to market valuation
|
|
|
1,894 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Total assets
|
|
|
2,882,361 |
|
|
|
3,059,586 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt
|
|
|
162,785 |
|
|
|
292,541 |
|
Trade accounts payable
|
|
|
449 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
Due to related parties
|
|
|
32,816 |
|
|
|
58,580 |
|
Accrued expenses
|
|
|
6,513 |
|
|
|
9,098 |
|
Dividend payable
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
11,214 |
|
Other current liabilities
|
|
|
6,138 |
|
|
|
6,600 |
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
208,701 |
|
|
|
378,041 |
|
Long-term liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt
|
|
|
1,760,069 |
|
|
|
1,843,409 |
|
Financial instruments (long term): mark to market valuation
|
|
|
57,291 |
|
|
|
58,346 |
|
Other long-term liabilities
|
|
|
27,380 |
|
|
|
30,462 |
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
2,053,441 |
|
|
|
2,310,258 |
|
Commitments and contingent liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders' equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share capital
|
|
|
79,125 |
|
|
|
79,125 |
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
|
|
60,261 |
|
|
|
59,307 |
|
Contributed surplus
|
|
|
532,143 |
|
|
|
506,559 |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
|
|
|
(43,950 |
) |
|
|
(48,716 |
) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss – associated companies
|
|
|
(44,811 |
) |
|
|
(33,415 |
) |
Retained earnings
|
|
|
246,152 |
|
|
|
186,468 |
|
Total stockholders' equity
|
|
|
828,920 |
|
|
|
749,328 |
|
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
|
|
|
2,882,361 |
|
|
|
3,059,586 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Ship Finance International Limited
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
Operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
165,712 |
|
|
|
192,598 |
|
|
|
181,611 |
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
34,201 |
|
|
|
30,236 |
|
|
|
28,038 |
|
Vessel impairment charge
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
26,756 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Long-term investment impairment charge
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
7,110 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Amortization of deferred charges
|
|
|
5,036 |
|
|
|
5,507 |
|
|
|
3,777 |
|
Amortization of seller's credit
|
|
|
(2,072 |
) |
|
|
(2,065 |
) |
|
|
(2,144 |
) |
Equity in earnings of associated companies
|
|
|
(50,413 |
) |
|
|
(75,629 |
) |
|
|
(22,799 |
) |
Gain on sale of assets
|
|
|
(28,104 |
) |
|
|
(24,721 |
) |
|
|
(17,377 |
) |
Adjustment of derivatives to market value
|
|
|
14,733 |
|
|
|
(12,675 |
) |
|
|
54,527 |
|
Loss/(gain) on repurchase of bonds
|
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
(20,600 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Other
|
|
|
(248 |
) |
|
|
98 |
|
|
|
(122 |
) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade accounts receivable
|
|
|
799 |
|
|
|
(1,438 |
) |
|
|
(407 |
) |
Due from related parties
|
|
|
15,282 |
|
|
|
5,531 |
|
|
|
(3,909 |
) |
Other receivables
|
|
|
1,949 |
|
|
|
73 |
|
|
|
(1,996 |
) |
Inventories
|
|
|
(390 |
) |
|
|
158 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
Prepaid expenses and accrued income
|
|
|
(150 |
) |
|
|
3,461 |
|
|
|
(3,338 |
) |
Trade accounts payable
|
|
|
441 |
|
|
|
(11 |
) |
|
|
(78 |
) |
Accrued expenses
|
|
|
(2,585 |
) |
|
|
(8,839 |
) |
|
|
965 |
|
Other current liabilities
|
|
|
(433 |
) |
|
|
(28 |
) |
|
|
(5,377 |
) |
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
153,771 |
|
|
|
125,522 |
|
|
|
211,386 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment in direct financing lease assets
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(104,000 |
) |
Repayments from investments in direct financing and sales-type leases
|
|
|
174,946 |
|
|
|
209,368 |
|
|
|
210,348 |
|
Additions to newbuildings
|
|
|
(157,736 |
) |
|
|
(71,468 |
) |
|
|
(22,395 |
) |
Purchase of vessels
|
|
|
(33,575 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(60,200 |
) |
Proceeds from sales of vessels
|
|
|
39,500 |
|
|
|
163,086 |
|
|
|
23,005 |
|
Proceeds on cancellation of newbuildings
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,845 |
|
Distribution from/(equity investment in) associated companies
|
|
|
435,000 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(435,000 |
) |
Net amounts (paid to)/received from associated companies
|
|
|
(379,010 |
) |
|
|
68,000 |
|
|
|
(7,891 |
) |
Costs of other investments
|
|
|
(648 |
) |
|
|
(920 |
) |
|
|
(6,537 |
) |
(Placement)/redemption of restricted cash
|
|
|
(1,500 |
) |
|
|
56,002 |
|
|
|
(33,120 |
) |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
|
|
|
76,977 |
|
|
|
424,068 |
|
|
|
(433,945 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares issued, net of issuance costs
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
16,472 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Repurchase of bonds
|
|
|
(11,917 |
) |
|
|
(125,405 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Proceeds from issuance of short-term and long-term debt
|
|
|
981,234 |
|
|
|
134,500 |
|
|
|
576,973 |
|
Repayments of short-term and long-term debt
|
|
|
(1,056,040 |
) |
|
|
(446,061 |
) |
|
|
(251,451 |
) |
Debt fees paid
|
|
|
(12,417 |
) |
|
|
(752 |
) |
|
|
(1,551 |
) |
Cash settlement of derivative instruments
|
|
|
(11,592 |
) |
|
|
(14,666 |
) |
|
|
(10,655 |
) |
Cash dividends paid
|
|
|
(117,235 |
) |
|
|
(75,567 |
) |
|
|
(122,937 |
) |
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
|
|
|
(227,967 |
) |
|
|
(511,479 |
) |
|
|
190,379 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
2,781 |
|
|
|
38,111 |
|
|
|
(32,180 |
) |
Cash and cash equivalents at start of the year
|
|
|
84,186 |
|
|
|
46,075 |
|
|
|
78,255 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year
|
|
|
86,967 |
|
|
|
84,186 |
|
|
|
46,075 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest paid, net of capitalized interest
|
|
|
99,106 |
|
|
|
117,231 |
|
|
|
126,759 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Ship Finance International Limited
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008
(in thousands of $, except number of shares)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
Number of shares outstanding
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At beginning of year
|
|
|
79,125,000 |
|
|
|
72,743,737 |
|
|
|
72,743,737 |
|
Shares issued
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
6,381,263 |
|
|
|
- |
|
At end of year
|
|
|
79,125,000 |
|
|
|
79,125,000 |
|
|
|
72,743,737 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share capital
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At beginning of year
|
|
|
79,125 |
|
|
|
72,744 |
|
|
|
72,744 |
|
Shares issued
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
6,381 |
|
|
|
- |
|
At end of year
|
|
|
79,125 |
|
|
|
79,125 |
|
|
|
72,744 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At beginning of year
|
|
|
59,307 |
|
|
|
2,194 |
|
|
|
737 |
|
Transfer to contributed surplus
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(2,194 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Employee stock options issued
|
|
|
954 |
|
|
|
1,392 |
|
|
|
1,457 |
|
Shares issued
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
57,915 |
|
|
|
- |
|
At end of year
|
|
|
60,261 |
|
|
|
59,307 |
|
|
|
2,194 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contributed surplus
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At beginning of year
|
|
|
506,559 |
|
|
|
496,922 |
|
|
|
485,119 |
|
Transfer from additional paid-in capital
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
2,194 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Amortization of deferred equity contributions
|
|
|
25,584 |
|
|
|
7,443 |
|
|
|
11,803 |
|
At end of year
|
|
|
532,143 |
|
|
|
506,559 |
|
|
|
496,922 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At beginning of year
|
|
|
(48,716 |
) |
|
|
(90,064 |
) |
|
|
(13,894 |
) |
Loss on hedging financial instruments reclassified into earnings
|
|
|
14,629 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Fair value adjustment to hedging financial instruments
|
|
|
(9,858 |
) |
|
|
41,248 |
|
|
|
(76,019 |
) |
Other comprehensive income (loss)
|
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
(151 |
) |
At end of year
|
|
|
(43,950 |
) |
|
|
(48,716 |
) |
|
|
(90,064 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss – associated companies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At beginning of year
|
|
|
(33,415 |
) |
|
|
(49,244 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Fair value adjustment to hedging financial instruments
|
|
|
(11,396 |
) |
|
|
15,829 |
|
|
|
(49,244 |
) |
At end of year
|
|
|
(44,811 |
) |
|
|
(33,415 |
) |
|
|
(49,244 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retained earnings
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At beginning of year
|
|
|
186,468 |
|
|
|
84,798 |
|
|
|
69,771 |
|
Net income
|
|
|
165,712 |
|
|
|
192,598 |
|
|
|
181,611 |
|
Dividends declared
|
|
|
(106,028 |
) |
|
|
(90,928 |
) |
|
|
(166,584 |
) |
At end of year
|
|
|
246,152 |
|
|
|
186,468 |
|
|
|
84,798 |
|
Total Stockholders' Equity
|
|
|
828,920 |
|
|
|
749,328 |
|
|
|
517,350 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
165,712 |
|
|
|
192,598 |
|
|
|
181,611 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss on hedging financial instruments reclassified into earnings
|
|
|
14,629 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Fair value adjustment to hedging financial instruments
|
|
|
(9,858 |
) |
|
|
41,248 |
|
|
|
(76,019 |
) |
Fair value adjustment to hedging financial instruments in associated companies
|
|
|
(11,396 |
) |
|
|
15,829 |
|
|
|
(49,244 |
) |
Other comprehensive(loss) income
|
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
(151 |
) |
Comprehensive income
|
|
|
159,082 |
|
|
|
249,775 |
|
|
|
56,197 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
SHIP FINANCE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Ship Finance International Limited ("Ship Finance" or the "Company"), a publicly listed company on the New York Stock Exchange (ticker SFL), was incorporated in Bermuda in October 2003 as a subsidiary of Frontline Ltd. ("Frontline") for the purpose of acquiring certain of the shipping assets of Frontline. In December 2003, Ship Finance acquired from Frontline a fleet of 47 crude oil tankers (including one purchase option for a tanker), which were all chartered back to the Frontline subsidiary Frontline Shipping Limited ("Frontline Shipping") for most of their estimated remaining lives. Since then additional vessels have been acquired from Frontline and chartered back to Frontline Shipping II Limited ("Frontline Shipping II"), also a subsidiary of Frontline. Additionally, since 2006, the Company has reduced its non-double hull tanker fleet from 18 vessels to five vessels as at December 31, 2010, and these five vessels have each had their charters assigned to Frontline Shipping III Limited ("Frontline Shipping III"), also a subsidiary of Frontline. Frontline Shipping, Frontline Shipping II and Frontline Shipping III are collectively referred to as the "Frontline Charterers". The Company has also entered into fixed rate management and administrative services agreements with Frontline to provide for the operation and maintenance of the Company's tankers and administrative support services.
Since 2006, in addition to the tankers acquired from Frontline, the Company has acquired vessels of other types, in line with its strategy to expand and diversify. As of December 31, 2010, the Company owned 22 very large crude oil carriers ("VLCCs"), eight Suezmax crude oil carriers, eight oil/bulk/ore carriers ("OBOs"), two Supramax drybulk carriers, nine container vessels, one jack-up drilling rig, three ultra-deepwater drilling units, six offshore supply vessels and two chemical tankers. The above includes the Suezmax tankers Glorycrown and Everbright, which are subject to sales-type lease agreements. The jack-up drilling rig and the three ultra-deepwater drilling units referred to above are owned by wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company that are accounted for using the equity method (see Note 14). In addition, as at December 31, 2010, the Company had contracted to acquire seven Handysize drybulk carriers and three Supramax drybulk carriers.
Since its incorporation in 2003 and public listing in 2004, Ship Finance has established itself as a leading international ship-owning company, expanding both its asset and customer base.
Basis of Accounting
The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("US GAAP"). The consolidated financial statements include the assets and liabilities and results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation.
Consolidation of variable interest entities
A variable interest entity is defined in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 810 "Consolidation" ("ASC 810") as a legal entity where either (a) the total equity at risk is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated support; (b) equity interest holders as a group lack either i) the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact on its economic success, ii) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity, or iii) the right to receive the expected residual returns of the entity; or (c) the voting rights of some investors in the entity are not proportional to their economic interests and the activities of the entity involve or are conducted on behalf of an investor with a disproportionately small voting interest.
ASC 810 requires a variable interest entity to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary, being the interest holder, if any, which has both (1) the power to direct the activities of the entity which most significantly impact on the entity's economic performance, and (2) the right to receive benefits or the obligation to absorb losses from the entity which could potentially be significant to the entity.
We evaluate our subsidiaries, and any other entities in which we hold a variable interest, in order to determine whether we are the primary beneficiary of the entity, and where it is determined that we are the primary beneficiary we fully consolidate the entity.
Investments in associated companies
Investments in companies over which the Company exercises significant influence but which it does not consolidate are accounted for using the equity method. The Company records its investments in equity-method investees on the consolidated balance sheets as "Investment in associated companies" and its share of the investees' earnings or losses in the consolidated statements of operations as "Equity in earnings of associated companies".
Use of accounting estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles requires that management make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Foreign currencies
The Company's functional currency is the U.S. dollar as the majority of revenues are received in U.S. dollars and a majority of the Company's expenditures are made in U.S. dollars. The Company's reporting currency is also the U.S. dollar. Most of the Company's subsidiaries report in U.S. dollars. Transactions in foreign currencies during the year are translated into U.S. dollars at the rates of exchange in effect at the date of the transaction. Foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities are translated using rates of exchange at the balance sheet date. Foreign currency non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated using historical rates of exchange. Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are included in the consolidated statements of operations.
Revenue and expense recognition
Revenues and expenses are recognized on the accrual basis. Revenues are generated from time charter hire, bareboat charter hire, direct financing lease interest income, sales-type lease interest income, finance lease service revenues and profit sharing arrangements.
Each charter agreement is evaluated and classified as an operating or a capital lease. Rental receipts from operating leases are recognized in income over the period to which the receipt relates.
Rental payments from capital leases, which are either direct financing leases or sales-type leases, are allocated between lease service revenue, if applicable, lease interest income and repayment of net investment in leases. The amount allocated to lease service revenue is based on the estimated fair value, at the time of entering the lease agreement, of the services provided which consist of ship management and operating services.
Any contingent elements of rental income, such as profit share or interest rate adjustments, are recognized when the contingent conditions have materialized and the rentals are due and collectible.
Cash and cash equivalents
For the purposes of the statement of cash flows, all demand and time deposits and highly liquid, low risk investments with original maturities of three months or less are considered equivalent to cash.
Depreciation of vessels and equipment (including operating lease assets)
The cost of fixed assets less estimated residual value is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated remaining economic useful life of the asset. The estimated economic useful life of our offshore assets, including drilling rigs and drillships, is 30 years and for all other vessels it is 25 years. These are common life expectancies applied in the shipping and offshore industries.
Where an asset is subject to an operating lease that includes fixed price purchase options, the projected net book value of the asset is compared to the option price at the various option dates. If any option price is less than the projected net book value at an option date, the initial depreciation schedule is amended so that the carrying value of the asset is written down on a straight line basis to the option price at the option date. If the option is not exercised, this process is repeated so as to amortize the remaining carrying value, on a straight line basis, to the estimated scrap value or the option price at the next option date, as appropriate.
This accounting policy for the depreciation of fixed assets has the effect that if an option is exercised there will be either a) no gain or loss on the sale of the asset or b) in the event that the option is exercised at a price in excess of the net book value at the option date, a gain will be reported in the statement of operations at the date of delivery to the new owners, under the heading "gain on sale of assets".
Newbuildings
The carrying value of vessels under construction ("newbuildings") represents the accumulated costs to the balance sheet date which the Company has paid by way of purchase installments and other capital expenditures together with capitalized loan interest and associated finance costs. During the year ended December 31, 2010, we capitalized $0.3 million of interest (2009: $0.6 million). No charge for depreciation is made until a newbuilding is put into operation.
Investment in Capital Leases
Leases (charters) of our vessels where we are the lessor are classified as either capital leases or operating leases, based on an assessment of the terms of the lease. For charters classified as capital leases, the minimum lease payments (reduced in the case of time-chartered vessels by projected vessel operating costs) plus the estimated residual value of the vessel are recorded as the gross investment in the capital lease.
For capital leases that are direct financing leases, the difference between the gross investment in the lease and the carrying value of the vessel is recorded as unearned lease interest income. The net investment in the lease consists of the gross investment less the unearned income. Over the period of the lease each charter payment received, net of vessel operating costs if applicable, is allocated between "lease interest income" and "repayment of investment in lease" in such a way as to produce a constant percentage rate of return on the balance of the net investment in the direct financing lease. Thus, as the balance of the net investment in each direct financing lease decreases, a lower proportion of each lease payment received is allocated to lease interest income and a greater proportion is allocated to lease repayment. For direct financing leases relating to time chartered vessels, the portion of each time charter payment received that relates to vessel operating costs is classified as "lease service revenue".
For capital leases that are sales-type leases, the difference between the gross investment in the lease and the sum of the present values of the two components of the gross investment is recorded as unearned lease interest income. The discount rate used in determining the present values is the interest rate implicit in the lease. The present value of the minimum lease payments, computed using the interest rate implicit in the lease, is recorded as the sales price, from which the carrying value of the vessel at the commencement of the lease is deducted in order to determine the profit or loss on sale. As is the case for direct financing leases, the unearned lease interest income is amortized to income over the period of the lease so as to produce a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment in the lease.
Where a capital lease relates to a charter arrangement containing fixed price purchase options, the projected carrying value of the net investment in the lease is compared to the option price at the various option dates. If any option price is less than the projected net investment in the lease at an option date, the rate of amortization of unearned lease interest income is adjusted to reduce the net investment to the option price at the option date. If the option is not exercised, this process is repeated so as to reduce the net investment in the lease to the un-guaranteed residual value or the option price at the next option date, as appropriate.
This accounting policy for investments in capital leases has the effect that if an option is exercised there will either be a) no gain or loss on the exercise of the option or b) in the event that an option is exercised at a price in excess of the net investment in the lease at the option date, a gain will be reported in the statement of operations at the date of delivery to the new owners.
Other Investments
Other long term investments are measured at fair value using the best available value indicators. The Company currently has one such investment in shares which are not publicly traded. The best estimate available for the valuation of this investment is the cost basis. When using this basis of valuation, the Company carries out regular reviews for possible impairment adjustments. Following such a review, an adjustment was made to the carrying value of this asset in 2009, which was reported in the consolidated statement of operations as "Long term investment impairment charge".
Deemed Equity Contributions
The Company has accounted for the acquisition of vessels from Frontline at Frontline's historical carrying value. The difference between the historical carrying value and the net investment in the lease has been recorded as a deferred deemed equity contribution. This deferred deemed equity contribution is presented as a reduction in the net investment in direct financing leases in the balance sheet. This results from the related party nature of both the transfer of the vessel and the subsequent direct financing lease. The deferred deemed equity contribution is amortized as a credit to contributed surplus over the life of the new lease arrangement, as lease payments are applied to the principal balance of the lease receivable.
Impairment of long-lived assets
The carrying value of long-lived assets that are held and used by the Company are reviewed whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company assesses recoverability of the carrying value of the asset by estimating the future net cash flows expected to result from the asset, including eventual disposition. If the future net cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset, an impairment loss is recorded equal to the difference between the asset's carrying value and fair value. In addition, long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount and fair value less estimated costs to sell. The Company carried out a review of the carrying value of its vessels, drilling rigs and long-term investment in the second quarter of the year ended December 31, 2009, and concluded that the carrying values of its six single-hull vessels, excluding those sold under sales-type lease agreements, and its investment were impaired. Following the impairment charges taken against these assets, the review of the carrying value of long-lived assets as at December 31, 2010, indicated that none of the Company's asset values are further impaired.
Deferred charges
Loan costs, including debt arrangement fees, are capitalized and amortized on a straight line basis over the term of the relevant loan. The straight line basis of amortization approximates the effective interest method in the Company's statement of operations. Amortization of loan costs is included in interest expense. If a loan is repaid early, any unamortized portion of the related deferred charges is charged against income in the period in which the loan is repaid.
Financial Instruments
In determining the fair value of its financial instruments, the Company uses a variety of methods and assumptions that are based on market conditions and risks existing at each balance sheet date. For the majority of financial instruments, including most derivatives and long term debt, standard market conventions and techniques such as options pricing models are used to determine fair value. All methods of assessing fair value result in a general approximation of value, and such value may never actually be realized.
Derivatives
Interest rate and currency swaps
The Company enters into interest rate swap transactions from time to time to hedge a portion of its exposure to floating interest rates. These transactions involve the conversion of floating interest rates into fixed rates over the life of the transactions without an exchange of underlying principal. The Company also enters into currency swap transactions from time to time to hedge against the effects of exchange rate fluctuations on loan liabilities. Currency swap transactions involve the exchange of fixed amounts of other currencies for fixed US dollar amounts over the life of the transactions, including an exchange of underlying principal. The fair values of the interest rate and currency swap contracts are recognized as assets or liabilities, and for certain of the Company's swaps changes in fair values are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. When the interest rate and/or currency swap qualifies for hedge accounting under ASC Topic 815 "Derivatives and Hedging" ("ASC 815"), and the Company has formally designated the swap instrument as a hedge to the underlying loan, and when the hedge is effective, the changes in the fair value of the swap are recognized in other comprehensive income.
Total return bond swaps
The Company may enter into short-term total return bond swap lines with banks, whereby the banks acquire the Company's Senior Notes and the Company carries the risk of fluctuations in the market price of the acquired notes. The Company pays variable rate interest to the banks calculated on the nominal value of the bonds held under the swap arrangement, and receives the fixed rate coupon interest paid on the bonds held by the banks. The fair value of the bond swaps are recognized as an asset or liability, with the changes in fair values recognized in the consolidated statement of operations.
Total return equity swaps
The Company may enter into Total Return Swaps ("TRS") indexed to the Company's own shares, whereby the counterparty acquires shares in the Company, and the Company carries the risk of fluctuations in the share price of the acquired shares. The settlement amount for each TRS transaction will be (A) the proceeds on sale of the shares plus all dividends received by the counterparty while holding the shares, less (B) the cost of purchasing the shares plus an agreed compensation for cost of carriage for the counterparty. Settlement will be either a payment from or to the counterparty, depending on whether A is more or less than B. The fair value of each TRS is recorded as an asset or liability, with the changes in fair values recognized in the consolidated statement of operations. The Company may, from time to time, enter into TRS arrangements indexed to shares in other companies and these are reported in the same way.
Drydocking provisions
Normal vessel repair and maintenance costs are charged to expense when incurred. The Company recognizes the cost of a drydocking at the time the drydocking takes place, that is, it applies the "expense as incurred" method.
Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share ("EPS") is computed based on the income available to common stockholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding for basic EPS. Diluted EPS includes the effect of the assumed conversion of potentially dilutive instruments.
Stock-based compensation
The Company has adopted ASC Topic 718 "Compensation – Stock Compensation" ("ASC 718"), under which we are required to expense the fair value of stock options issued to employees over the period the options vest. The Company uses the simplified method for making estimates of the expected term of stock options.
Reclassifications
Certain prior year balances have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.
|
|
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
|
In December 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2009-17 "Improvements to Financial Reporting by Enterprises Involved with Variable Interest Entities" ("ASU 2009-17"). ASU 2009-17 amends the evaluation criteria to identify the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. Additionally, ASU 2009-17 requires ongoing reassessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity and additional disclosures. The adoption of ASU 2009-17 by the Company with effect from January 1, 2010, did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
In January 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-01 "Accounting for Distributions to Shareholders with Components of Stock and Cash" in order to eliminate diversity in the way different enterprises reflect new shares issued as part of a distribution in their calculation of Earnings Per Share ("EPS"). The provisions of ASU 2010-01 are effective on a retrospective basis and their adoption had no impact on the Company's reported EPS.
In January 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-06 "Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements", to add new requirements for disclosures about transfers into and out of Levels 1 and 2 and separate disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements related to Level 3 measurements. The adoption of ASU 2010-06 with effect from January 1, 2010, did not have a material impact on the Company's disclosures or consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
In July 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-20 "Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses", in order to address concerns about the sufficiency, transparency and robustness of credit risk disclosures for finance receivables and the related allowance for credit losses. The adoption of ASU 2010-20 with effect from January 1, 2010, did not have a material impact on the Company's disclosures or consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
The Company has only one reportable segment.
The Company's assets operate on a world-wide basis and the Company's management does not evaluate performance by geographical region, as any such information would not be meaningful.
Bermuda
Under current Bermudan law, the Company is not required to pay taxes in Bermuda on either income or capital gains. The Company has received written assurance from the Minister of Finance in Bermuda that, in the event of any such taxes being imposed, the Company will be exempted from taxation until the year 2016.
The Company does not accrue U.S. income taxes as, in the opinion of U.S. counsel, the Company is not engaged in a U.S. trade or business and is exempted from a gross basis tax under Section 883 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code.
A reconciliation between the income tax expense resulting from applying statutory income tax rates and the reported income tax expense has not been presented herein, as it would not provide additional useful information to users of the financial statements as the Company's net income is subject to neither Bermuda nor U.S. tax.
Other Jurisdictions
Certain of the Company's subsidiaries and branches in Singapore, Norway and the United Kingdom are subject to taxation. The tax paid by subsidiaries of the Company that are subject to this taxation is not material.
The computation of basic EPS is based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS includes the effect of the assumed conversion of potentially dilutive instruments.
The components of the numerator for the calculation of basic and diluted EPS are as follows:
|
|
|
Year ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Net income available to stockholders
|
|
|
165,712 |
|
|
|
192,598 |
|
|
|
181,611 |
|
|
The components of the denominator for the calculation of basic and diluted EPS are as follows:
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Basic earnings per share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
|
|
|
79,056 |
|
|
|
74,399 |
|
|
|
72,744 |
|
|
Diluted earnings per share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
|
|
|
79,056 |
|
|
|
74,399 |
|
|
|
72,744 |
|
|
Effect of dilutive share options
|
|
|
227 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
28 |
|
|
|
|
|
79,283 |
|
|
|
74,404 |
|
|
|
72,772 |
|
Rental income
|
The minimum future revenues to be received under the Company's non-cancelable operating leases on its vessels as of December 31, 2010, are as follows:
|
|
(in thousands of $)
Year ending December 31
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
80,380 |
|
|
2012
|
|
|
76,958 |
|
|
2013
|
|
|
76,123 |
|
|
2014
|
|
|
76,088 |
|
|
2015
|
|
|
74,079 |
|
|
Thereafter
|
|
|
256,399 |
|
|
Total minimum lease revenues
|
|
|
640,027 |
|
|
The cost and accumulated depreciation of vessels leased to third parties on operating leases at December 31, 2010 and 2009 were as follows:
|
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
Cost
|
|
|
811,740 |
|
|
|
638,665 |
|
|
Accumulated depreciation
|
|
|
116,229 |
|
|
|
82,058 |
|
|
Vessels and equipment, net
|
|
|
695,511 |
|
|
|
556,607 |
|
During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company realized the following gains / (losses) on sales of vessels:
|
(in thousands of $)
Vessel
|
|
Imputed sales price
|
|
|
Book value
|
|
|
Gain/(loss)
|
|
|
Everbright
|
|
|
95,100 |
|
|
|
69,091 |
|
|
|
26,009 |
|
|
Front Vista
|
|
|
58,532 |
|
|
|
56,732 |
|
|
|
1,800 |
|
|
Golden River
|
|
|
9,698 |
|
|
|
9,819 |
|
|
|
(121 |
) |
|
Front Sabang
|
|
|
15,203 |
|
|
|
14,787 |
|
|
|
416 |
|
|
|
|
|
178,533 |
|
|
|
150,429 |
|
|
|
28,104 |
|
The Everbright was a newbuilding Suezmax tanker which, on delivery from the yard in March 2010, was sold under a sales-type lease agreement, concluding in March 2015. Total agreed cash payments of $113 million will be received over the five year term and the imputed sale price above has been calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 840 "Leases". The vessel will be included in net investment in sales-type leases until the lease ends in 2015.
The VLCC Front Vista was accounted for as a direct financing lease asset and was sold in February 2010 to a subsidiary of Frontline. The above sales price included a charter termination fee receivable.
The single-hull VLCC Golden River was accounted for as an operating lease asset and was sold in April 2010 to an unrelated party. The above sales price on disposal is shown net of charter termination payments.
The single-hull VLCC Front Sabang was accounted for as a sales-type lease asset, chartered until October 2011 with the charterer obliged to purchase the vessel at the end of the charter. In August 2010, the charterer exercised an option to purchase the vessel before the end of the charter.
Other financial items comprise the following items:
|
|
|
Year ended December 31
|
|
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Net (decrease)/increase in mark-to-market valuation of financial instruments
|
|
|
(14,733 |
) |
|
|
12,675 |
|
|
|
(54,527 |
) |
|
Other items
|
|
|
(1,475 |
) |
|
|
(1,625 |
) |
|
|
(349 |
) |
|
Total other financial items
|
|
|
(16,208 |
) |
|
|
11,050 |
|
|
|
(54,876 |
) |
The net (decrease)/increase in mark-to-market valuations relates to the ineffective portion of interest rate swaps that have been designated as cash flow hedges, and also to total return equity swaps, total return bond swaps, terminated interest rate swaps and undesignated interest rate swaptions. Changes in the valuations of the effective portion of interest rate swaps that are designated as cash flow hedges are reported under "Other comprehensive income". The above decrease in valuation of financial instruments in the year ended December 31, 2010, includes $14.6 million reclassified from "Other comprehensive income" (2009: $nil; 2008: $nil), resulting from the termination of interest rate swaps relating to the $1,131 million secured term loan facility, which was repaid in March 2010.
Other items include bank charges, fees relating to loan facilities and foreign currency translation adjustments.
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
Restricted cash
|
|
|
5,601 |
|
|
|
4,101 |
|
Restricted cash consists mainly of deposits held as collateral by the relevant banks in connection with loans, interest rate swaps and currency swaps (see Note 22). Restricted cash does not include minimum consolidated cash balances required to be maintained as part of the financial covenants in some of the Company's loan facilities, as these amounts are included in "Cash and cash equivalents".
11. TRADE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES
Trade accounts receivable
Trade accounts receivable are presented net of allowances for doubtful accounts. The allowance for doubtful trade accounts receivable was $nil at both December 31, 2010 and 2009.
Other receivables
Other receivables are presented net of allowances for doubtful accounts. As at December 31, 2010 and 2009 there was no allowance.
12. VESSELS AND EQUIPMENT, NET
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
Cost
|
|
|
811,740 |
|
|
|
638,665 |
|
|
Accumulated depreciation
|
|
|
116,229 |
|
|
|
82,058 |
|
|
Vessels and equipment, net
|
|
|
695,511 |
|
|
|
556,607 |
|
Depreciation expense was $34.2 million, $30.2 million and $28.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009, and 2008, respectively.
13. INVESTMENTS IN DIRECT FINANCING AND SALES-TYPE LEASES
Most of the Company's double-hull VLCCs, Suezmaxes and OBOs are chartered to Frontline Shipping and Frontline Shipping II on long-term, fixed rate time charters which extend for various periods depending on the age of the vessels, ranging from approximately four to 16 years. The terms of the charters do not provide Frontline Shipping and Frontline Shipping II with an option to terminate the charter before the end of its term.
Two of the Company's offshore supply vessels are chartered on long term bareboat charters to DESS Cyprus Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Deep Sea Supply Plc. ("Deep Sea"), a related party. The terms of the charters provide the charterer with various call options to acquire the vessels at certain dates throughout the charters, which expire in 2020.
As of December 31, 2010, 33 of the Company's assets were accounted for as direct financing leases, all of which are leased to related parties. In addition, two of the Company's assets leased to non-related parties, Glorycrown and Everbright, were accounted for as sales-type leases.
The following lists the components of the investments in direct financing and sales-type leases as at December 31, 2010, of which Glorycrown and Everbright accounted for $104.5 million.
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
Total minimum lease payments to be received
|
|
|
2,779,907 |
|
|
|
3,339,545 |
|
|
Less: amounts representing estimated executory costs including profit thereon, included in total minimum lease payments
|
|
|
(726,751 |
) |
|
|
(831,275 |
) |
|
Net minimum lease payments receivable
|
|
|
2,053,156 |
|
|
|
2,508,270 |
|
|
Estimated residual values of leased property (un-guaranteed)
|
|
|
370,379 |
|
|
|
522,873 |
|
|
Less: unearned income
|
|
|
(770,417 |
) |
|
|
(1,013,139 |
) |
|
|
|
|
1,653,118 |
|
|
|
2,018,004 |
|
|
Less: deferred deemed equity contribution
|
|
|
(180,890 |
) |
|
|
(206,474 |
) |
|
Less: unamortized gains
|
|
|
(16,947 |
) |
|
|
(17,815 |
) |
|
Total investment in direct financing and sales-type leases
|
|
|
1,455,281 |
|
|
|
1,793,715 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current portion
|
|
|
103,976 |
|
|
|
139,889 |
|
|
Long-term portion
|
|
|
1,351,305 |
|
|
|
1,653,826 |
|
|
|
|
|
1,455,281 |
|
|
|
1,793,715 |
|
The minimum future gross revenues to be received under the Company's non-cancellable direct financing and sales-type leases as of December 31, 2010, are as follows:
|
(in thousands of $)
Year ending December 31
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
283,145 |
|
|
2012
|
|
|
276,802 |
|
|
2013
|
|
|
272,565 |
|
|
2014
|
|
|
352,934 |
|
|
2015
|
|
|
234,674 |
|
|
Thereafter
|
|
|
1,359,787 |
|
|
Total minimum lease revenues
|
|
|
2,779,907 |
|
14. INVESTMENT IN ASSOCIATED COMPANIES
The Company has certain wholly-owned subsidiaries which are accounted for using the equity method as it has been determined under ASC 810 that they are variable interest entities in which Ship Finance is not the primary beneficiary. This determination is due, in each case, to the subsidiary owning assets on which the underlying leases include both fixed price call options and fixed price put options or purchase obligations.
At December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company had the following participation in investments that are recorded using the equity method:
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
Front Shadow Inc. ("Front Shadow")
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
100.00 |
% |
|
SFL West Polaris Limited ("SFL West Polaris")
|
|
|
100.00 |
% |
|
|
100.00 |
% |
|
SFL Deepwater Ltd ("SFL Deepwater")
|
|
|
100.00 |
% |
|
|
100.00 |
% |
|
Rig Finance II Limited ("Rig Finance II")
|
|
|
100.00 |
% |
|
|
- |
|
Front Shadow Inc. ("Front Shadow") is a 100% owned subsidiary of Ship Finance, incorporated in 2006 for the purpose of holding a Panamax drybulk carrier and leasing that vessel to Golden Ocean Group Limited ("Golden Ocean"), a related party. In December 2010, the lease with Golden Ocean was terminated and the vessel was sold at Golden Ocean's purchase option price of $21.5 million, whereupon Front Shadow ceased to be a variable interest entity accounted for using the equity method. On sale of its vessel, $14.5 million outstanding under Front Shadow's $22.7 million term loan facility was repaid in full, and from the date of disposal Front Shadow has been fully consolidated by the Company.
SFL West Polaris Limited ("SFL West Polaris") is a 100% owned subsidiary of Ship Finance, incorporated in 2008 for the purpose of holding an ultra deepwater drillship and leasing that vessel to Seadrill Polaris Ltd. ("Seadrill Polaris"), fully guaranteed by Seadrill. In July 2008, SFL West Polaris entered into a $700.0 million term loan facility and at December 31, 2010, the balance outstanding under this facility was $546.0 million. The Company guaranteed $90.0 million of this debt at December 31, 2010. The vessel is chartered on a bareboat basis and the terms of the charter provide the charterer with various call options to acquire the vessel at certain dates throughout the charter. In addition, SFL West Polaris has a put option to sell the vessel to Seadrill Polaris at a fixed price at the end of the charter, which expires in 2023.
SFL Deepwater Ltd ("SFL Deepwater") is a 100% owned subsidiary of Ship Finance, incorporated in 2008 for the purpose of holding two ultra deepwater drilling rigs and leasing those rigs to Seadrill Deepwater Charterer Ltd. ("Seadrill Deepwater") and Seadrill Offshore AS ("Seadrill Offshore"), fully guaranteed by Seadrill. In September 2008, SFL Deepwater entered into a $1,400.0 million term loan facility and at December 31, 2010, the balance outstanding under this facility was $1,099.4 million. The Company guarantees $200.0 million of this debt. The rigs are chartered on a bareboat basis and the terms of the charter provide each of the charterers with various call options to acquire the rigs at certain dates throughout the charter. In addition, there is an obligation for each of the charterers to purchase the respective rigs at fixed prices at the end of the charters, which expire in 2023.
Rig Finance II Limited ("Rig Finance II") is a 100% owned subsidiary of Ship Finance, incorporated in 2007 for the purpose of holding a jack-up drilling rig and leasing that rig to Seadrill Prospero Limited, fully guaranteed by Seadrill. In February 2007, Rig Finance II entered into a $170 million term loan facility and at December 31, 2010, the balance outstanding under this facility was $101.2 million. The Company guarantees $20.0 million of this debt. The rig is chartered on a bareboat basis and the terms of the charter initially provided the charterer with various call options to acquire the rig at certain dates throughout the charter, which expires in 2022. On December 31, 2010, the terms of the charter were amended to provide the charterer with two additional call options in exchange for Rig Finance II receiving a put option at the end of the charter. Prior to the charter amendment, Rig Finance II was fully consolidated by the Company on the basis that it was a variable interest entity in which the Company was the primary beneficiary. The charter amendment has resulted in the Company no longer being the primary beneficiary of Rig Finance II, which accordingly under ASC 810 is accounted for using the equity method with effect from December 31, 2010.
Summarized balance sheet information of the Company's equity method investees is as follows:
|
|
|
As of December 31, 2010
|
|
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
TOTAL
|
|
|
Rig
Finance II
|
|
|
Front
Shadow
(1)
|
|
|
SFL West Polaris
|
|
|
SFL Deepwater
|
|
|
Current assets
|
|
|
297,578 |
|
|
|
38,447 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
89,612 |
|
|
|
169,519 |
|
|
Non-current assets
|
|
|
1,996,461 |
|
|
|
125,397 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
612,878 |
|
|
|
1,258,186 |
|
|
Current liabilities
|
|
|
258,217 |
|
|
|
9,248 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
80,451 |
|
|
|
168,518 |
|
|
Non-current liabilities
|
|
|
1,871,458 |
|
|
|
91,910 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
600,082 |
|
|
|
1,179,466 |
|
|
(1)
|
Front Shadow was not accounted for under the equity method at December 31, 2010.
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, 2009
|
|
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
TOTAL
|
|
|
Rig
Finance II
(2)
|
|
|
Front
Shadow
|
|
|
SFL West Polaris
|
|
|
SFL Deepwater
|
|
|
Current assets
|
|
|
316,822 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,882 |
|
|
|
112,002 |
|
|
|
202,938 |
|
|
Non-current assets
|
|
|
2,125,707 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
21,626 |
|
|
|
692,690 |
|
|
|
1,411,391 |
|
|
Current liabilities
|
|
|
247,575 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
6,055 |
|
|
|
77,403 |
|
|
|
164,117 |
|
|
Non-current liabilities
|
|
|
1,693,751 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
14,460 |
|
|
|
578,088 |
|
|
|
1,101,203 |
|
|
(2)
|
Rig Finance II was not accounted for under the equity method at December 31, 2009.
|
The equity invested by Ship Finance in SFL West Polaris and SFL Deepwater at December 31, 2009, was in the form of contributed surplus, amounting to $145 million and $290 million, respectively. In the year ended December 31, 2010, these two companies made distributions of $145 million and $290 million, respectively, to Ship Finance out of contributed surplus, as permitted by Section 54 of the Bermuda Companies Act.
|
Summarized statement of operations information of the Company's equity method investees is shown below. Information for Rig Finance II is not included, because its operating results are fully consolidated up to December 31, 2010.
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2010
|
|
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
TOTAL
|
|
|
Front
Shadow
|
|
|
SFL West Polaris
|
|
|
SFL Deepwater
|
|
|
Operating revenues
|
|
|
137,344 |
|
|
|
899 |
|
|
|
52,318 |
|
|
|
84,127 |
|
|
Net operating income
|
|
|
137,149 |
|
|
|
749 |
|
|
|
52,316 |
|
|
|
84,084 |
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
50,413 |
|
|
|
548 |
|
|
|
14,569 |
|
|
|
35,296 |
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2009
|
|
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
TOTAL
|
|
|
Front
Shadow
|
|
|
SFL West Polaris
|
|
|
SFL Deepwater
|
|
|
Operating revenues
|
|
|
150,473 |
|
|
|
1,109 |
|
|
|
57,547 |
|
|
|
91,817 |
|
|
Net operating income
|
|
|
150,230 |
|
|
|
1,096 |
|
|
|
57,442 |
|
|
|
91,692 |
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
75,629 |
|
|
|
864 |
|
|
|
22,476 |
|
|
|
52,289 |
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2008
|
|
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
TOTAL
|
|
|
Front Shadow
|
|
|
SFL West Polaris
|
|
|
SFL Deepwater
|
|
|
Operating revenues
|
|
|
44,823 |
|
|
|
1,632 |
|
|
|
28,156 |
|
|
|
15,035 |
|
|
Net operating income
|
|
|
44,560 |
|
|
|
1,630 |
|
|
|
28,024 |
|
|
|
14,906 |
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
22,799 |
|
|
|
939 |
|
|
|
13,354 |
|
|
|
8,506 |
|
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
Ship operating expenses
|
|
|
537 |
|
|
|
84 |
|
|
Administrative expenses
|
|
|
704 |
|
|
|
1,333 |
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
5,272 |
|
|
|
7,681 |
|
|
|
|
|
6,513 |
|
|
|
9,098 |
|
On November 27, 2009, the Board declared a dividend of $0.30 per share totaling $23.4 million, to be paid on or about January 27, 2010, in cash or, at the election of the shareholder, in newly issued common shares at a price of $13.16 per share. As a result of the shareholders' elections, this dividend was settled in January 2010 by the issue of 930,483 new shares and cash payments of $11.2 million. The newly issued shares were included in reported share capital as at December 31, 2009, and the $11.2 million payable in cash was presented in the balance sheet as "Dividend payable". On November 23, 2010, the Board declared a dividend of $0.36 per share totaling $28.5 million, which was paid in cash on December 30, 2010. Accordingly, there was no outstanding dividend payable at December 31, 2010.
17. SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM DEBT
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
Long-term debt:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.5% Senior Notes due 2013
|
|
|
296,074 |
|
|
|
301,074 |
|
|
NOK500 million senior unsecured floating rate bonds due 2014
|
|
|
78,955 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
U.S dollar fixed rate loan due 2011 to a related party
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
90,000 |
|
|
U.S. dollar denominated floating rate debt (LIBOR plus margin) due through 2019
|
|
|
1,547,825 |
|
|
|
1,718,376 |
|
|
|
|
|
1,922,854 |
|
|
|
2,109,450 |
|
|
Short-term debt:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S dollar floating rate loan due 2010 to a related party
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
26,500 |
|
|
Total short-term and long-term debt
|
|
|
1,922,854 |
|
|
|
2,135,950 |
|
|
Less: short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt
|
|
|
(162,785 |
) |
|
|
(292,541 |
) |
|
|
|
|
1,760,069 |
|
|
|
1,843,409 |
|
The outstanding debt as of December 31, 2010 is repayable as follows:
|
(in thousands of $)
Year ending December 31
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
162,785 |
|
|
2012
|
|
|
354,880 |
|
|
2013
|
|
|
465,855 |
|
|
2014
|
|
|
369,311 |
|
|
2015
|
|
|
367,008 |
|
|
Thereafter
|
|
|
203,015 |
|
|
Total debt
|
|
|
1,922,854 |
|
The weighted average interest rate for floating rate debt denominated in U.S. dollars and Norwegian kroner ("NOK") as at December 31, 2010, was 4.13% per annum (2009: 3.59% per annum). These rates take into consideration the effect of related interest rate swaps. At December 31, 2010, the three month dollar LIBOR rate was 0.303% (2009: 0.251%) and the three month Norwegian kroner NIBOR rate was 2.62%.
8.5% Senior Notes due 2013
On December 15, 2003, the Company issued $580 million of 8.5% senior notes. Interest on the notes is payable in cash semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15. The notes were not redeemable prior to December 15, 2008, except in certain circumstances. After this date the Company may redeem notes at redemption prices which reduce from an initial redemption price of 104.25% to a redemption price of 100% from December 15, 2011, onwards.
In 2004, 2005 and 2006, the Company bought back and cancelled notes with an aggregate principal amount of $130.9 million. No notes were bought in 2007 and 2008. In 2009 and 2010, the Company purchased notes with principal amounts totalling $148.0 million and $5.0 million, respectively, which are being held as treasury notes and against which certain borrowings are secured (see below). A gain of $20.6 million was recorded on the purchases in 2009 and a loss of $13,000 was recorded on the purchases in 2010. The net amount outstanding at December 31, 2010, was $296.1 million (2009: $301.1 million).
NOK500 million senior unsecured bonds due 2014
On October 7, 2010, the Company issued a senior unsecured bond loan totaling NOK500.0 million in the Norwegian credit markets. The bonds bear quarterly interest at NIBOR plus a margin and are redeemable in full on April 7, 2014. The bonds may, in their entirety, be redeemed at the Company's option from October 7, 2013, until April 6, 2014, upon giving bondholders at least 30 days notice and paying 100.50% of par value plus accrued interest. Subsequent to the issue of the bonds, the Company purchased bonds with principal amounts totaling NOK40.5 million, which are being held as treasury bonds. The net amount outstanding at December 31, 2010, was NOK459.5 million ($79.0 million).
$115 million loan due to a related party
In November 2008, the Company entered into a $115 million loan agreement at a fixed interest rate with a related party. The $90.0 million outstanding at December 31, 2010, was repaid in March 2010.
$1,131 million secured term loan facility
In February 2005, the Company entered into a $1,131 million six year term loan facility with a syndicate of banks. The facility was repaid in March 2010, when it was replaced with a new $725 million facility (see below).
$350 million combined senior and junior secured term loan facility
In June 2005, the Company entered into a combined $350 million senior and junior secured term loan facility with a syndicate of banks, for the purpose of partly funding the acquisition of five VLCCs. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin for the senior loan and LIBOR plus a different margin for the junior loan. The facility has a term of seven years.
$210 million secured term loan facility
In April 2006, five wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company entered into a $210 million secured term loan facility with a syndicate of banks to partly fund the acquisition of five new container vessels. The Company has not provided any corporate guarantees for this facility. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of 12 years from the date of drawdown.
$149 million secured term loan facility
In August 2007, five wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company entered into a $149 million secured term loan facility with a syndicate of banks. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the acquisition of five new offshore supply vessels. One of the vessels was sold in January 2008 and the loan facility now relates to the remaining four vessels. The Company has provided a limited corporate guarantee for this facility. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of seven years.
$77 million secured term loan facility
In January 2008, two wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company entered into a $77 million secured term loan facility with a syndicate of banks. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the acquisition of two offshore supply vessels. The Company has provided a limited corporate guarantee for this facility. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of seven years.
$30 million secured revolving credit facility
In February 2008, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company entered into a $30 million secured revolving credit facility with a bank. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the acquisition of the container vessel SFL Europa. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of seven years. At December 31, 2010, the available amount under the facility was fully drawn.
$49 million secured term loan facility
In March 2008, two wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company entered into a $49 million secured term loan facility with a bank. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the acquisition of two newbuilding chemical tankers. The Company has provided a limited corporate guarantee for this facility. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of ten years.
$70 million secured revolving credit facility
In June 2008, three wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company entered into a $70 million secured revolving credit facility with a bank. The proceeds of the facility were secured against three single-hull VLCCs, two of which were sold in 2009. The remaining VLCC was sold in 2010 and the facility was fully repaid in August 2010.
$58 million secured revolving credit facility
In September 2008, two wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company entered into a $58 million secured revolving credit facility with a syndicate of banks. The proceeds of the facility were secured against two containerships, Asian Ace and Green Ace. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of five years. At December 31, 2010, $33.6 million of the available amount of $37.8 million was drawn under the facility.
$100 million secured revolving credit facility
In November 2008, the Company entered into a two year $100 million secured revolving credit facility with a bank, secured against five single-hull VLCCs. The facility was fully repaid in July 2010.
$60 million secured term loan facility
In June 2009, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company entered into a $60 million secured term loan facility with a bank. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the purchase of 8.5% Senior Notes issued by the Company, which are being held as treasury notes and against which the facility is secured. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and matures in January 2013.
$30 million secured term loan facility
In June 2009, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company entered into a $30 million secured term loan facility with a bank. The proceeds of the facility were used to partly fund the purchase of 8.5% Senior Notes issued by the Company, which are being held as treasury notes and against which the facility is secured. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of three years.
$43 million secured term loan facility
In February 2010, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company entered into a $42.6 million secured term loan facility with a bank, secured against the Suezmax tanker Glorycrown. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of approximately five years.
$725 million secured term loan and revolving credit facility
In March 2010, the Company entered into a $725 million secured term loan and revolving credit facility with a syndicate of banks, secured against 26 vessels chartered to Frontline. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and is repayable over a term of five years.
$43 million secured term loan facility
In March 2010, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company entered into a $42.6 million secured term loan facility with a bank, secured against the Suezmax tanker Everbright. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of five years.
$25 million secured revolving credit facility
In September 2010, the Company entered into a $25 million secured revolving credit facility with a bank, secured against five non-double hull VLCCs. Two of the vessels have since been sold, with delivery scheduled for the first quarter of 2011, upon which the facility will be secured against the remaining three vessels. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of two years. At December 31, 2010, the available amount under the facility was fully drawn.
$54 million secured term loan facility
In November 2010, two wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company entered into a $53.7 million secured term loan facility with a bank, secured against the newly acquired Supramax drybulk carriers SFL Hudson and SFL Yukon. The Company has provided a limited corporate guarantee for this facility. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of eight years.
$27 million short-term loan due to related party
In March 2009, the Charter Ancillary Agreement with Frontline Shipping III was amended, whereby the charter service reserve at the time totaling $26.5 million relating to the vessels on charter to Frontline Shipping III was made available to the Company in the form of a loan. The loan was fully repaid in 2010.
Agreements related to long-term debt provide limitations on the amount of total borrowings and secured debt, and acceleration of payment under certain circumstances, including failure to satisfy certain financial covenants. As of December 31, 2010, the Company is in compliance with all of the covenants under its long-term debt facilities.
18. OTHER LONG TERM LIABILITIES
The Company's six offshore supply vessels were acquired from Deep Sea and were chartered back to Deep Sea under bareboat charter agreements. As part of the purchase consideration, the Company received seller's credits totaling $37.0 million which are being recognized as additional bareboat revenues over the period of the charters. The unamortized balance of the seller's credits is recorded in "Other long term liabilities".
19. SHARE CAPITAL, ADDITIONAL PAID-IN CAPITAL AND CONTRIBUTED SURPLUS
Authorized share capital is as follows:
|
(in thousands of $, except share data)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
125,000,000 common shares of $1.00 par value each
|
|
|
125,000 |
|
|
|
125,000 |
|
|
Issued and fully paid share capital is as follows:
|
|
(in thousands of $, except share data)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
79,125,000 common shares of $1.00 par value each (2009: 79,125,000 shares)
|
|
|
79,125 |
|
|
|
79,125 |
|
The Company's common shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange.
In the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company issued and sold 1,372,100 shares pursuant to a prospectus supplement filed in December 2008. Under this arrangement, total proceeds of $16.5 million net of costs were received, resulting in a premium on issue of $15.1 million.
During the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company declared four dividends and in each case shareholders were given the option to elect to receive their dividend in cash or in the form of newly issued common shares. The Company issued a total of 4,998,603 shares under this arrangement, with a premium on issue of $42.8 million. Of these new shares issued, 930,483 were issued on January 27, 2010, in respect of the dividend declared on November 27, 2009, with an ex-dividend date of December 4, 2009. These shares issued in January 2010 were reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as at December 31, 2009, since the outcome of the shareholders' elections was fully known when the Consolidated Balance Sheet was prepared.
No further shares were issued in the year ended December 31, 2010, and the Company had issued share capital of 79,125,000 common shares as at December 31, 2009, and December 31, 2010.
In November 2006, the Board of Directors approved the Ship Finance International Limited Share Option Scheme (the "Option Scheme"). The Option Scheme permits the Board of Directors, at its discretion, to grant options to employees and directors of the Company or its subsidiaries. The fair value cost of options granted is recognized in the statement of operations, and the corresponding amount is credited to additional paid in capital (see also Note 20).
The Company has accounted for the acquisition of vessels from Frontline at Frontline's historical carrying value. The difference between the historical carrying values and the net investment in the leases has been recorded as a deferred deemed equity contribution, which is presented as a reduction in net investment in direct financing leases in the balance sheet. This accounting treatment arises from the related party nature of both the initial transfer of the vessels and the subsequent leases. The deferred deemed equity contribution is amortized to contributed surplus over the life of the lease arrangements, as lease payments are applied to the principal balance of the lease receivable. In the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company has credited contributed surplus with $25.6 million of such deemed equity contributions (2009: $7.4 million).
20. SHARE OPTION PLAN
The Option Scheme adopted in November 2006 will expire in November 2016. The subscription price for all options granted under the scheme will be reduced by the amount of all dividends declared by the Company per share in the period from the date of grant until the date the option is exercised, provided the subscription price never shall be reduced below the par value of the share. Options granted under the scheme will vest at a date determined by the board at the date of the grant. The options granted under the plan to date vest over a period of one to three years and have a five year term. There is no maximum number of shares authorized for awards of equity share options, and either authorized unissued shares of Ship Finance or treasury shares held by the Company may be used to satisfy exercised options.
The following summarizes share option transactions related to the Option Scheme in 2010, 2009 and 2008:
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
|
Options
|
|
|
Weighted average exercise price
$
|
|
|
Options
|
|
|
Weighted average exercise price
$
|
|
|
Options
|
|
|
Weighted average exercise price
$
|
|
Options outstanding at beginning of year
|
|
|
770,000 |
|
|
|
27.64 |
|
|
|
555,000 |
|
|
|
24.18 |
|
|
|
360,000 |
|
|
|
24.44 |
|
Cancelled
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(355,000 |
) |
|
|
21.91 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Granted
|
|
|
97,000 |
|
|
|
18.19 |
|
|
|
570,000 |
|
|
|
10.91 |
|
|
|
195,000 |
|
|
|
27.52 |
|
Exercised
|
|
|
(26,334 |
) |
|
|
10.38 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Forfeited
|
|
|
(223,666 |
) |
|
|
26.69 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Options outstanding at end of year
|
|
|
617,000 |
|
|
|
10.14 |
|
|
|
770,000 |
|
|
|
14.84 |
|
|
|
555,000 |
|
|
|
24.18 |
|
Exercisable at end of year
|
|
|
280,005 |
|
|
|
8.87 |
|
|
|
133,333 |
|
|
|
27.64 |
|
|
|
170,000 |
|
|
|
21.55 |
|
In 2009, previously granted options for 355,000 shares were cancelled and concurrently replaced with awards for 495,000 options. As prescribed by ASC 718, this was accounted for as a modification of previously awarded equity instruments.
The exercise price of each option is progressively reduced by the amount of any dividends declared. The above figures show the average of the reduced exercise prices at the beginning and end of the year for options then outstanding. For options granted, cancelled, exercised or forfeited during the year, the above figures show the average of the exercise prices at the time the options were granted, cancelled, exercised or forfeited, as appropriate.
The fair values of options granted or modified are estimated on the date of the grant or modification using the Black-Scholes-Merton option valuation model. The weighted average assumptions used to calculate the fair values of new options granted in 2010, 2009 and 2008 and of the options modified in 2009 are as follows:
|
|
|
New options granted in year ended December 31,
|
|
|
Options modified in
|
|
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
|
|
(at grant date)
|
|
|
(at grant date)
|
|
|
(at grant date)
|
|
|
(at modification date)
|
|
|
Risk free interest rate
|
|
|
1.32 |
% |
|
|
1.42 |
% |
|
|
2.37 |
% |
|
|
1.41 |
% |
|
Expected volatility
|
|
|
65.6 |
% |
|
|
64.3 |
% |
|
|
27.1 |
% |
|
|
63.5 |
% |
|
Expected dividend yield
|
|
|
0.00 |
% |
|
|
0.00 |
% |
|
|
0.00 |
% |
|
|
0.00 |
% |
|
Expected life of options
|
|
3.5 years
|
|
|
3.5 years
|
|
|
3.5 years
|
|
|
3.5 years
|
|
The risk-free interest rates were estimated using the interest rate on three year U.S. treasury zero coupon issues. The volatility was estimated using historical share price data. The dividend yield has been estimated at 0% as the exercise price is reduced by all dividends declared by the Company from the date of grant to the exercise date. It is assumed that all options granted under the plan will vest.
The weighted average grant-date fair value of new options granted during 2010 is $8.37 per share (2009: $5.63 per share, 2008: $6.42 per share). Of the options granted in 2009, 75,000 were new options granted and 495,000 were options granted to replace 355,000 options previously granted. The weighted average modification-date fair value of these replacement options granted in 2009 was $2.56 per share (2010: $nil, 2008: $nil).
The total intrinsic value of options exercised in 2010 was $0.2 million on the day of exercise. The intrinsic value of options fully vested but not exercised at December 31, 2010 is $3.5 million and their average remaining term is 3.6 years.
As of December 31, 2010, there was $0.8 million in unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested options granted under the Option Scheme (2009: $1.6 million). This cost will be recognized over the remaining vesting periods, which average 1.6 years.
21. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company, which was formed in 2003 as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Frontline, was partially spun-off in 2004 and its shares commenced trading on the New York Stock Exchange in June 2004. A significant proportion of the Company's business continues to be transacted with Frontline and the following other related parties, being companies in which our principal shareholders Hemen Holding Ltd. and Farahead Investment Inc. (hereafter jointly referred to as "Hemen") and companies associated with Hemen have a significant interest:
|
-
|
Golar LNG Limited ("Golar")
|
The Consolidated Balance Sheets include the following amounts due from and to related parties, excluding direct financing lease balances (see Note 13):
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
Amounts due from:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Front Shadow
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,390 |
|
|
Frontline Charterers
|
|
|
31,138 |
|
|
|
33,585 |
|
|
Frontline Ltd
|
|
|
1,091 |
|
|
|
276 |
|
|
Deep Sea
|
|
|
512 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Seadrill
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Total amount due from related parties
|
|
|
32,745 |
|
|
|
35,251 |
|
|
Loans to related parties:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SFL West Polaris
|
|
|
101,433 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
SFL Deepwater
|
|
|
224,179 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Total loans to related parties
|
|
|
325,612 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Amounts due to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rig Finance II
|
|
|
30,659 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
SFL West Polaris
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
27,086 |
|
|
SFL Deepwater
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
31,072 |
|
|
Frontline Management
|
|
|
2,001 |
|
|
|
234 |
|
|
Other related parties
|
|
|
156 |
|
|
|
188 |
|
|
Total amount due to related parties
|
|
|
32,816 |
|
|
|
58,580 |
|
|
Short-term debt: due to a related party
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
26,500 |
|
|
Long-term debt due to a related party
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
90,000 |
|
SFL West Polaris, SFL Deepwater and Rig Finance II are wholly-owned subsidiaries which are accounted for under the equity method as at December 31, 2010 – see Note 14. At December 31, 2009, but not at December 31, 2010, the wholly-owned subsidiary Front Shadow was also accounted for under the equity method. At December 31, 2009, the wholly-owned subsidiary Rig Finance II was fully consolidated i.e. was not equity accounted. The amounts due from Front Shadow and to SFL West Polaris, SFL Deepwater and Rig Finance II are the balances on the current accounts between those companies and Ship Finance. As described below in "Related party loans", at December 31, 2010, the long-term loans from Ship Finance to SFL West Polaris and SFL Deepwater are presented net of their respective current accounts.
Related party leasing and service contracts
As at December 31, 2010, 31 of the Company's vessels were leased to the Frontline Charterers and two offshore supply vessels were leased to a subsidiary of Deep Sea: these leases have been recorded as direct financing leases. Prior to December 31, 2010, the Company also fully consolidated Rig Finance II (see Note 14) which leases a jack-up drilling rig to a subsidiary of Seadrill under a direct financing lease. In addition, at December 31, 2010, five vessels were leased to the Frontline Charterers and four offshore supply vessels were leased to subsidiaries of Deep Sea under operating leases.
At December 31, 2010, the combined balance of net investments in direct financing leases with the Frontline Charterers and Deep Sea was $1,548.6 million (2009: $1,942.6 million, including the jack-up drilling rig leased to a subsidiary of Seadrill), of which $98.6 million (2009: $128.0 million) represents short-term maturities.
At December 31, 2010, the net book value of assets leased under operating leases to the Frontline Charterers and Deep Sea was $204.4 million (2009: $147.1 million).
A summary of leasing revenues earned from the Frontline Charterers, Seadrill and Deep Sea is as follows:
|
Payments (in millions of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
Operating lease income
|
|
|
22.6 |
|
|
|
20.4 |
|
|
|
21.2 |
|
|
Direct financing lease interest income
|
|
|
119.4 |
|
|
|
147.5 |
|
|
|
174.9 |
|
|
Finance lease service revenue
|
|
|
76.9 |
|
|
|
89.0 |
|
|
|
93.6 |
|
|
Direct financing lease repayments
|
|
|
123.8 |
|
|
|
153.8 |
|
|
|
175.7 |
|
The Frontline Charterers pay the Company profit sharing of 20% of their earnings on a time-charter equivalent basis from their use of the Company's fleet above average threshold charter rates each fiscal year. During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company earned and recognized revenue of $30.6 million (2009: $33.0 million, 2008: $111.0 million) under this arrangement.
In the event that vessels on charter to the Frontline Charterers are agreed to be sold, the Company may either pay or receive compensation for the termination of the lease. In April 2010, the single hull VLCC Golden River was sold and the lease on this vessel was cancelled, with an agreed termination fee payable of $2.8 million. In September 2009, the single hull VLCC Front Duchess was sold and the lease on this vessel was cancelled, with an agreed termination fee of $2.4 million. Also, in February 2010 the VLCC Front Vista was sold to a subsidiary of Frontline and compensation of $0.4 million was received from Frontline for the cancellation of the related charter.
As at December 31, 2010, the Company was owed a total of $31.1 million (2009: $33.6 million) by the Frontline Charterers in respect of leasing contracts and profit share.
At December 31, 2010, the Company was owed $1.1 million (2009: $0.3 million) by Frontline in respect of various items, including compensation receivable on termination of the Front Vista lease, and was also owed $0.5 million (2009: nil) by Deep Sea in respect of interest rate adjustments to charter rates.
The vessels leased to the Frontline Charterers are on time charter terms and for each such vessel the Company pays a management fee of $6,500 per day to Frontline Management (Bermuda) Ltd. ("Frontline Management"), a wholly owned subsidiary of Frontline. An exception to this arrangement is for any vessel leased to the Frontline Charterers which is sub-chartered on a bareboat basis, for which there is no management fee payable for the duration of the bareboat sub-charter. In the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company also had one container vessel operating on time charter, for which the supervision of the technical management was sub-contracted to Frontline Management. In the year ended December 31, 2010, management fees payable to Frontline Management amounted to $78.3 million (2009: $89.0 million, 2008: $93.6 million).
In the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company had one container vessel and two drybulk carriers operating on time charter, for which part of the operating management was sub-contracted to Golden Ocean. In the year ended December 31, 2010, management fees payable to Golden Ocean amounted to approximately $20,000 (2009: $nil; 2008: $nil). Management fees are classified as ship operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.
We pay a commission of 1% to Frontline Management in respect of all payments received in respect of the five-year sales-type leases on the Suezmax tankers Glorycrown and Everbright. In 2010 we paid $0.5 million to Frontline Management pursuant to this arrangement (2009: $0.4 million).
The Company also paid $0.4 million in 2010 (2009: $0.4 million, 2008: $1.0 million) to Frontline Management for the provision of management and administrative services.
We pay fees to Frontline Management for the management supervision of some of our newbuildings, which in 2010 amounted to $1.9 million (2009: $0.8 million, 2008: $0.5 million).
The Company paid $331,000 in 2010 (2009: $298,000; 2008: $320,000) to Frontline Management AS for the provision of office facilities in Oslo.
As at December 31, 2010, the Company owes Frontline Management and Frontline Management AS a combined total of $2.0 million (2009: $0.2 million) for various items, including newbuilding supervision fees and office costs.
The Company paid $161,000 in 2010 (2009: $208,000, 2008: $37,000) to Golar Management UK Limited, a subsidiary of Golar, for the provision of office facilities in London. At December 31, 2010, the Company owed Golar Management UK Limited $122,000 (2009: $115,000), which are included in amounts due to other related parties.
The Company paid $19,000 in 2010 (2009: $17,000; 2008: $6,000) to Seadrill Management (S) Pte Ltd, a subsidiary of Seadrill, for the provision of office facilities in Singapore.
Related party loans
In 2010, Ship Finance entered into agreements with SFL West Polaris and SFL Deepwater granting loans to them of $145.0 million and $290.0 million, respectively, bearing a fixed rate of interest. These loans are subordinated to their secured term loan facilities and are repayable in full on July 11, 2023, and October 1, 2023, respectively, or earlier if the companies sell their drilling units. Ship Finance is entitled to take excess cash from SFL West Polaris and SFL Deepwater from time to time, and such amounts are recorded within the current accounts between Ship Finance and the companies. The loan agreements specify that the balance on the current accounts will have no interest rate applied and will be settled by offset against the eventual $145.0 million and $290.0 million loan repayments. In the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company received interest income on these loans of $6.5 million from SFL West Polaris (2009: nil, 2008: nil) and $13.1 million from SFL Deepwater (2009: nil, 2008: nil), totaling $19.6 million.
The Company extended a short-term seller's credit of $41.5 million to Frontline on the sale of Front Vista in February 2010. The credit was repaid in 2010 and interest income of $0.5 million was received.
The Company had two loans from related parties which were repaid in 2010, as discussed in Note 17: Short-term and long-term debt. Interest payable on these loans amounted to $3.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2010 (2009: $15.9 million).
Related party purchases and sales of vessels – 2010
In February 2010, the Company sold the VLCC Front Vista to a subsidiary of Frontline for $58.5 million, including compensation of approximately $0.4 million receivable from Frontline for the early termination of the related charter.
In December 2010, the charter of the Panamax drybulk carrier Golden Shadow to Golden Ocean was terminated and the vessel sold at Golden Ocean's purchase option price of approximately $21.5 million. The vessel had been owned and leased by Front Shadow Inc, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company accounted for under the equity method (see Note 14).
Related party purchases and sales of vessels - 2009
In July 2009, a subsidiary of Seadrill, to which the jack-up drilling rig West Ceres was chartered, exercised its option to purchase the rig from the Company at the fixed option price of $135.2 million.
Related party purchases and sales of vessels - 2008
In July 2008, SFL West Polaris, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company accounted for under the equity method, acquired the ultra deepwater drill ship West Polaris for $845.0 million from a subsidiary of Seadrill. The vessel was chartered back to a subsidiary of Seadrill for a period of 15 years, fully guaranteed by Seadrill. The subsidiary of Seadrill has been granted fixed purchase options after four, six, eight, 10, 12 and 15 years. In addition, SFL West Polaris has a fixed price option to sell the drillship to the subsidiary of Seadrill after 15 years.
In November 2008, SFL Deepwater, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company accounted for under the equity method, acquired two ultra deepwater drilling rigs, West Hercules and West Taurus, for $1,690.0 million from subsidiaries of Seadrill. The rigs were each chartered back to subsidiaries of Seadrill for periods of 15 years, fully guaranteed by Seadrill. The subsidiaries of Seadrill have been granted fixed purchase options after three, six, eight, 10, and 12 years in the case of West Hercules and after six, eight, 10 and 12 years in the case of West Taurus. In addition, the subsidiaries of Seadrill have purchase obligations to buy the rigs from SFL Deepwater after 15 years.
22. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
In certain situations, the Company may enter into financial instruments to reduce the risk associated with fluctuations in interest rates and exchange rates. The Company has a portfolio of swaps which swap floating rate interest to fixed rate, and which also fix the Norwegian kroner to US dollar exchange rate applicable to the interest payable and principal repayment on the NOK bonds due 2014. From a financial perspective these swaps hedge interest rate and exchange rate exposure. The counterparties to such contracts are Nordea Bank Finland Plc, HSH Nordbank AG, ABN AMRO Bank N.V., BNP Paribas, Bank of Scotland plc, NIBC Bank N.V., Scotiabank Europe Plc, DnB NOR Bank ASA, Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken AB (publ), ING Bank N.V., Lloyds TSB Bank Plc, Commmerzbank AG, Royal Bank of Scotland plc, Credit Agricole, Danske Bank A/S and Swedbank AB. Credit risk exists to the extent that the counterparties are unable to perform under the contracts, but this risk is considered remote as the counterparties are all banks which have provided the Company with loans to which the swaps relate.
Interest rate risk management
The Company manages its debt portfolio with interest rate swap agreements denominated in U.S. dollars and Norwegian kroner to achieve an overall desired position of fixed and floating interest rates. At December 31, 2010, the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries had entered into interest rate swap transactions, involving the payment of fixed rates in exchange for LIBOR or NIBOR, as summarized below. The summary includes all swap transactions, which are all designated as hedges against specific loans.
|
Notional Principal (in thousands of $)
|
Inception date
|
Maturity date
|
|
Fixed interest rate
|
|
|
$484,737 (reducing to $122,632)
|
March 2010
|
March 2015
|
|
|
1.96% - 2.22 |
% |
|
$183,053 (reducing to $98,269)
|
April 2006
|
May 2019
|
|
|
5.65 |
% |
|
$99,288 (reducing to $86,612)
|
September 2007
|
September 2012
|
|
|
4.85 |
% |
|
$58,310 (reducing to $51,902)
|
January 2008
|
January 2012
|
|
|
3.69 |
% |
|
$43,976 (reducing to $24,794)
|
March 2008
|
August 2018
|
|
|
4.05% - 4.15 |
% |
|
$76,584 (reducing to $70,530)
|
March 2008
|
June 2012
|
|
|
1.88% -2.97 |
% |
|
$84,594 (equivalent to NOK500 million)
|
October 2010
|
April 2014
|
|
|
5.32 |
%* |
|
* This swap relates to the NOK500 million unsecured bonds, and the 5.32% fixed interest rate paid is exchanged for NIBOR plus the margin on the bonds. For the remaining swaps the fixed interest rate paid is exchange for LIBOR, excluding margin on the underlying loans.
|
|
As at December 31, 2010, the total notional principal amount subject to such swap agreements was $1,030.5 million (2009: $1,086.2 million).
|
|
Foreign currency risk management
|
The Company has entered into currency swap transactions, involving the payment of U.S. dollars in exchange for Norwegian kroner, which are designated as hedges against the NOK500 million senior unsecured bonds due 2014.
|
Principal Receivable
|
Principal Payable
|
Inception date
|
Maturity date
|
|
NOK500 million
|
US$84.6 million
|
October 2010
|
April 2014
|
Apart from the NOK500 million senior unsecured bonds due 2014, the majority of the Company's transactions, assets and liabilities are denominated in U.S. dollars, the functional currency of the Company. Other than the corresponding currency swap transactions summarized above, the Company has not entered into forward contracts for either transaction or translation risk. Accordingly, there is a risk that currency fluctuations could have an adverse effect on the Company's cash flows, financial condition and results of operations.
Fair Values
The carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company's financial assets and liabilities at December 31, 2010, and 2009, are as follows:
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
Carrying value
|
|
|
2010
Fair value
|
|
|
2009
Carrying value
|
|
|
2009
Fair value
|
|
|
Non-derivatives:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
86,967 |
|
|
|
86,967 |
|
|
|
84,186 |
|
|
|
84,186 |
|
|
Restricted cash
|
|
|
5,601 |
|
|
|
5,601 |
|
|
|
4,101 |
|
|
|
4,101 |
|
|
Long-term fixed rate loans to related parties
|
|
|
325,612 |
|
|
|
325,612 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Floating rate short-term debt
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
26,500 |
|
|
|
26,500 |
|
|
Fixed rate long term debt
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
90,000 |
|
|
|
90,000 |
|
|
Floating rate US$ long term debt
|
|
|
1,547,825 |
|
|
|
1,547,825 |
|
|
|
1,718,376 |
|
|
|
1,718,376 |
|
|
Floating rate NOK bonds due 2014
|
|
|
78,955 |
|
|
|
78,955 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
8.5% US$ Senior Notes due 2013
|
|
|
296,074 |
|
|
|
300,885 |
|
|
|
301,074 |
|
|
|
289,784 |
|
|
Derivatives:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest rate/currency swap contracts – long term receivables
|
|
|
1,894 |
|
|
|
1,894 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Interest rate swap contracts – long term payables
|
|
|
57,291 |
|
|
|
57,291 |
|
|
|
58,346 |
|
|
|
58,346 |
|
The above long term payables relating to interest rate swap contracts at December 31, 2010, include $4.0 million which relates to non-designated options to extend certain interest rate swaps (2009: $2.0 million), with the balance relating to designated hedges.
In accordance with the accounting policy relating to interest rate and currency swaps (see Note 2 "Derivatives – Interest rate and currency swaps"), where the Company has designated the swap as a hedge, and to the extent that the hedge is effective, changes in the fair values of interest rate swaps are recognized in other comprehensive income. Changes in the fair value of other swaps and the ineffective portion of swaps designated as hedges are recognized in the consolidated statement of operations.
The above financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair value measurements at reporting date using
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
|
|
|
Significant Other Observable Inputs
|
|
|
Significant Unobservable Inputs
|
|
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
December 31, 2010
|
|
|
(Level 1)
|
|
|
(Level 2)
|
|
|
(Level 3)
|
|
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
86,967 |
|
|
|
86,967 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted cash
|
|
|
5,601 |
|
|
|
5,601 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term fixed rate loans to related parties
|
|
|
325,612 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
325,612 |
|
|
|
|
|
Interest rate/currency swap contracts – long term receivables
|
|
|
1,894 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,894 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
420,074 |
|
|
|
92,568 |
|
|
|
327,506 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Floating rate US$ long term debt
|
|
|
1,547,825 |
|
|
|
1,547,825 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Floating rate NOK bonds due 2014
|
|
|
78,955 |
|
|
|
78,955 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.5% Senior Notes due 2013
|
|
|
300,885 |
|
|
|
300,885 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest rate swap contracts – long term payables
|
|
|
57,291 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
57,291 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
1,984,956 |
|
|
|
1,927,665 |
|
|
|
57,291 |
|
|
|
- |
|
ASC Topic 820 "Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures" ("ASC 820") emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement, and should be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between market participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (observable inputs that are classified within levels one and two of the hierarchy) and the reporting entity's own assumptions about market participant assumptions (unobservable inputs classified within level three of the hierarchy).
Level 1 inputs utilize unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in level one that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, as well as inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, other than quoted prices, such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the assets or liabilities, which typically are based on an entity's own assumptions, as there is little, if any, related market activity. In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.
The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, which are highly liquid, is a reasonable estimate of fair value. The fair value of the long-term fixed interest rate loans to related parties is estimated to be equal to the carrying value, based on an analysis of interest rates, credit risks and default risks associated with the terms of the loans.
The fair value for floating rate long-term debt denominated in US dollars and Norwegian kroner is estimated to be equal to the carrying value since it bears variable interest rates, which are reset on a quarterly basis. Additionally, in accordance with ASC 820 "Fair value measurements and disclosures", the U.S. dollar carrying value of the Norwegian kroner senior unsecured bonds is translated using the currency exchange rate as at December 31, 2010. The estimated fair value for the 8.5% fixed rate Senior Notes is based on the quoted market price.
The fair value of interest rate and currency swap contracts is calculated using a well-established independent valuation technique applied to contracted cash flows and LIBOR/NIBOR interest rates as at December 31, 2010.
Concentrations of risk
There is a concentration of credit risk with respect to cash and cash equivalents to the extent that most of the amounts are carried with Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken, DnB NOR, ABN AMRO and Nordea. However, the Company believes this risk is remote.
Since the Company was spun-off from Frontline in 2004, Frontline has accounted for a major proportion of our operating revenues. In the year ended December 31, 2010, Frontline accounted for 70% of our operating revenues (2009: 72%, 2008: 75%). There is thus a concentration of revenue risk with Frontline.
23. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
|
|
2010
|
|
Book value of assets pledged under ship mortgages
|
$2,116 million
|
Other Contractual Commitments
The Company has arranged insurance for the legal liability risks for its shipping activities with Assuranceforeningen SKULD, Assuranceforeningen Gard Gjensidig and Britannia Steam Ship Insurance Association Limited, all mutual protection and indemnity associations. On certain of the vessels insured, the Company is subject to calls payable to the associations based on the Company's claims record in addition to the claims records of all other members of the associations. A contingent liability exists to the extent that the claims records of the members of the associations in the aggregate show significant deterioration, which may result in additional calls on the members.
At December 31, 2010, the Company had contractual commitments under newbuilding contracts totaling $195.5 million (2009: $189.1million). There are no other contractual commitments at December 31, 2010.
24. CONSOLIDATED VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
The Company's consolidated financial statements include 14 variable interest entities where related and third parties have fixed price options to purchase the respective vessels at dates varying from January 2011 to January 2020. None of the purchase options are deemed to be at bargain prices.
At December 31, 2010, the vessels of two of these entities are accounted for as direct financing leases with a combined carrying value of $100.5 million, unearned lease income of $41.2 million and estimated residual values of $21.7 million. The outstanding loan balances in these two entities total $58.3 million, of which the short-term portion is $6.4 million.
The other 12 fully consolidated variable interest entities each own vessels which are accounted for as operating lease assets, with a total net book value at December 31, 2010, of $438.8 million. The outstanding loan balances in these entities total $331.9 million, of which the short-term portion is $18.7 million.
In January 2011, the Company announced the acquisition of the jack-up drilling rig Soehanah from an unrelated party for an agreed purchase price of approximately $151.5 million, in combination with a seven year bareboat charter back to the seller of the rig. The Company took delivery of the rig in February 2011, and has entered into a secured term loan and revolving credit facility for up to $95 million to partly finance the acquisition.
In February 2011, the Company issued $125.0 million convertible senior bonds due 2016. The bonds bear interest at 3.75% per annum and are convertible into common shares of the Company at an initial price of $27.05 per share.
In February 2011, the Company announced that it has agreed to sell two single-hull VLCCs, Front Ace and Ticen Sun (ex Front Highness), to unrelated parties for a combined gross sales price of $31.4 million. Ticen Sun was delivered to its new owner in February 2011, and Front Ace is expected to be delivered by the end of March 2011. The Company will pay Frontline compensation of approximately $5.8 million for the early termination of the related charters.
On February 18, 2011, the Board of Ship Finance declared a dividend of $0.38 per share to be paid in cash on or about March 29, 2011.
In February 2011, the Company purchased $3.0 million principal amount of its own 8.5% Senior Notes, at a premium of 1.5%.
In February 2011, the Company took delivery of the newbuilding Supramax drybulk carrier SFL Sara, which immediately commenced an eight year time charter to an unrelated third party.
In March 2011, three subsidiaries entered into a $75 million secured term loan facility with a bank. The proceeds of the facility will be used to partly fund the acquisition of three Supramax drybulk carriers.
In March 2011, the Company announced that it has entered into an agreement, together with CMA CGM SA, the constructing shipyard and a financial institution, to acquire and charter-in two 2010-built 13,800 TEU container vessels in combination with 15-year time charters back to CMA CGM SA. Ship Finance's investment is limited to $25 million per vessel, secured by junior mortgages.
In March 2011, the Company awarded a total of 213,500 options to employees under the Share Option Scheme, at an initial exercise price of $20.13 per share.
SFL Deepwater Ltd.
Index to Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
|
|
A-2
|
Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 and the period from July 11, 2008 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2008.
|
|
A-3
|
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2010 and 2009
|
|
A-4
|
Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 and the period from July 11, 2008 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2008.
|
|
A-5
|
Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity and Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 and the period from July 11, 2008 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2008.
|
|
A-6
|
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
|
|
A-7
|
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
SFL Deepwater Ltd.
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of SFL Deepwater Ltd. (the "Company") as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the related statements of operations, changes in stockholders' equity and comprehensive income, and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the period from July 11, 2008 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2008. The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America.. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of SFL Deepwater Ltd. as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, and for the period from July 11, 2008 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2008, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
/S/ MSPC
Certified Public Accountants and Advisors
A Professional Corporation
New York, New York
March 25, 2011
SFL Deepwater Ltd.
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 and
the period from July 11, 2008 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2008
(in thousands of $)
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2010
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2009
|
|
|
Period from
July 11, 2008
(date of incorporation)
to December 31, 2008
|
|
Operating revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct financing lease interest income from related parties
|
|
|
84,127 |
|
|
|
91,817 |
|
|
|
15,035 |
|
Total operating revenues
|
|
|
84,127 |
|
|
|
91,817 |
|
|
|
15,035 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Administration expenses
|
|
|
43 |
|
|
|
125 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
43 |
|
|
|
125 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating income
|
|
|
84,084 |
|
|
|
91,692 |
|
|
|
14,906 |
|
Non-operating income / (expense)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
Interest expense - related parties
|
|
|
(13,050 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Interest expense - non related parties
|
|
|
(35,667 |
) |
|
|
(39,237 |
) |
|
|
(6,301 |
) |
Other financial items, net
|
|
|
(76 |
) |
|
|
(170 |
) |
|
|
(100 |
) |
Net income
|
|
|
35,296 |
|
|
|
52,289 |
|
|
|
8,506 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
SFL Deepwater Ltd.
BALANCE SHEETS
as of December 31, 2010 and 2009
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
Due from related parties - parent company
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
31,072 |
|
Due from other related parties
|
|
|
20,254 |
|
|
|
19,808 |
|
Investment in direct financing leases, current portion
|
|
|
149,262 |
|
|
|
152,056 |
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
169,519 |
|
|
|
202,938 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment in direct financing leases, long-term portion
|
|
|
1,246,952 |
|
|
|
1,396,214 |
|
Deferred charges
|
|
|
11,234 |
|
|
|
15,177 |
|
Total assets
|
|
|
1,427,705 |
|
|
|
1,614,329 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current portion of long-term debt due to non-related parties
|
|
|
160,500 |
|
|
|
155,833 |
|
Deferred revenue
|
|
|
6,436 |
|
|
|
6,436 |
|
Accrued expenses
|
|
|
1,582 |
|
|
|
1,848 |
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
168,518 |
|
|
|
164,117 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt due to related parties - parent company, net
|
|
|
224,179 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Long-term debt due to non-related parties
|
|
|
938,917 |
|
|
|
1,099,417 |
|
Financial instruments (long term): mark to market valuation
|
|
|
16,370 |
|
|
|
1,786 |
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
1,347,984 |
|
|
|
1,265,320 |
|
Commitments and contingent liabilities
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Stockholders' equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share capital
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Contributed surplus
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
290,000 |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
|
|
|
(16,370 |
) |
|
|
(1,786 |
) |
Retained earnings
|
|
|
96,091 |
|
|
|
60,795 |
|
Total stockholders' equity
|
|
|
79,721 |
|
|
|
349,009 |
|
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
|
|
|
1,427,705 |
|
|
|
1,614,329 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
SFL Deepwater Ltd.
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 and
the period from July 11, 2008 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2008
(in thousands of $)
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2010
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2009
|
|
|
Period from
July 11, 2008
(date of incorporation)
to December 31, 2008
|
|
Operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
35,296 |
|
|
|
52,289 |
|
|
|
8,506 |
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided
by operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization of deferred charges
|
|
|
3,943 |
|
|
|
3,942 |
|
|
|
603 |
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amounts due from/to related parties –parent company
|
|
|
31,072 |
|
|
|
(44,696 |
) |
|
|
13,624 |
|
Amounts due from/to other related parties
|
|
|
(446 |
) |
|
|
(269,470 |
) |
|
|
249,662 |
|
Deferred revenue
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
2,600 |
|
|
|
3,836 |
|
Accrued expenses
|
|
|
(266 |
) |
|
|
(424 |
) |
|
|
2,272 |
|
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
|
|
|
69,599 |
|
|
|
(255,759 |
) |
|
|
278,503 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment in direct financing lease assets
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(1,690,000 |
) |
Repayments from investments in direct financing leases
|
|
|
152,056 |
|
|
|
131,808 |
|
|
|
9,922 |
|
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
|
|
|
152,056 |
|
|
|
131,808 |
|
|
|
(1,680,078 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contributed surplus (repaid to)/received from shareholders
|
|
|
(290,000 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
290,000 |
|
Long term loan received from related parties - parent company
|
|
|
224,179 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
250,000 |
|
|
|
1,150,000 |
|
Repayments of long-term debt
|
|
|
(155,833 |
) |
|
|
(137,542 |
) |
|
|
(7,208 |
) |
Debt fees paid
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(52 |
) |
|
|
(19,670 |
) |
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
|
|
|
(221,654 |
) |
|
|
112,406 |
|
|
|
1,413,122 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
(11,545 |
) |
|
|
11,547 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at start of the period
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
11,547 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
11,547 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
SFL Deepwater Ltd.
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 and
the period from July 11, 2008 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2008
(in thousands of $, except number of shares)
|
|
Year ended
December 31, 2010
|
|
|
Year ended
December 31, 2009
|
|
|
Period from
July 11, 2008
(date of incorporation)
to December 31, 2008
|
|
Number of shares outstanding
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At beginning of period
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Shares issued in period
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
100 |
|
At end of period
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share capital
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At beginning of period
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Shares issued in period
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
At end of period
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contributed surplus
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At beginning of period
|
|
|
290,000 |
|
|
|
290,000 |
|
|
|
- |
|
(Distribution) contribution in period
|
|
|
(290,000 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
290,000 |
|
At end of period
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
290,000 |
|
|
|
290,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At beginning of period
|
|
|
(1,786 |
) |
|
|
(5,918 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Other comprehensive (loss) gain in period
|
|
|
(14,584 |
) |
|
|
4,132 |
|
|
|
(5,918 |
) |
At end of period
|
|
|
(16,370 |
) |
|
|
(1,786 |
) |
|
|
(5,918 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retained earnings
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At beginning of period
|
|
|
60,795 |
|
|
|
8,506 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Net income in period
|
|
|
35,296 |
|
|
|
52,289 |
|
|
|
8,506 |
|
At end of period
|
|
|
96,091 |
|
|
|
60,795 |
|
|
|
8,506 |
|
Total Stockholders' Equity
|
|
|
79,721 |
|
|
|
349,009 |
|
|
|
292,588 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
35,296 |
|
|
|
52,289 |
|
|
|
8,506 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mark to market valuation adjustment to hedging financial instruments
|
|
|
(14,584 |
) |
|
|
4,132 |
|
|
|
(5,918 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive income
|
|
|
20,712 |
|
|
|
56,421 |
|
|
|
2,588 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
SFL Deepwater Ltd.
Notes to the Financial Statements
SFL Deepwater Ltd. (the "Company") was incorporated in Bermuda on July 11, 2008, as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ship Finance International Limited ("Ship Finance") for the purpose of acquiring and leasing certain assets. In November 2008 the Company acquired two ultra-deepwater semi-submersible drilling rigs from subsidiaries of Seadrill Limited ("Seadrill"), a related company. The rigs are chartered to Seadrill Deepwater Charterer Ltd. ("Seadrill Deepwater") and Seadrill Offshore AS ("Seadrill Offshore"), both subsidiaries of Seadrill and together referred to as the Seadrill Charterers.
The Company is accounted for using the equity method in the Consolidated Financial Statements of Ship Finance, as it has been determined that Ship Finance is not the primary beneficiary of the Company.
Basis of Accounting
The financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("US GAAP").
Use of accounting estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles requires that management make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Foreign currencies
The Company's functional currency is the U.S. dollar, as all revenues are received in U.S. dollars and a majority of the Company's expenditures are made in U.S. dollars. The Company's reporting currency is also the U.S. dollar. Transactions in foreign currencies during the year are translated into U.S. dollars at the rates of exchange in effect at the date of the transaction. Foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities are translated using rates of exchange at the balance sheet date. Foreign currency non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated using historical rates of exchange. Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are included in the consolidated statements of operations.
Revenue and expense recognition
Revenues and expenses are recognized on the accrual basis. Revenues are generated from charter hire and direct financing lease interest income.
Each charter agreement is evaluated and classified as an operating lease or a capital lease. Rental receipts from operating leases are recognized in income over the period to which the payment relates.
Rental payments from capital leases are allocated between direct financing lease interest income and repayment of net investment in direct financing leases.
Any contingent elements of rental income, such as interest rate adjustments, are recognized when the contingent conditions have materialized and the rentals are due and collectible.
Cash and cash equivalents
For the purposes of the statement of cash flows, all demand and time deposits and highly liquid, low risk investments with original maturities of three months or less are considered equivalent to cash.
Depreciation of vessels and equipment
The cost of fixed assets less estimated residual value is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated remaining economic useful life of the asset. The estimated economic useful life of our drilling rigs is 30 years, which is a common life expectancy applied in the offshore drilling industry.
Where an asset is subject to an operating lease that includes fixed price purchase options, the projected net book value of the asset is compared to the option price at the various option dates. If any option price is less than the projected net book value at an option date, the initial depreciation schedule is amended so that the carrying value of the asset is written down on a straight line basis to the option price at the option date. If the option is not exercised, this process is repeated so as to amortize the remaining carrying value, on a straight line basis, to the estimated residual value or the option price at the next option date, as appropriate.
This accounting policy for the depreciation of fixed assets has the effect that if an option is exercised there will be either a) no gain or loss on the sale of the asset or b) in the event that the option is exercised at a price in excess of the net book value at the option date, a gain will be reported in the statement of operations at the date of delivery to the new owners, under the heading "gain on sale of assets".
Investment in Direct Financing Leases
Current leases (charters) of our assets where we are the lessor are classified as direct financing leases. For these leases, the minimum lease payments plus the estimated residual value of the asset are recorded as the gross investment in the direct financing lease. The difference between the gross investment in the lease and the sum of the present values of the two components of the gross investment is recorded as unearned direct financing lease interest income. Over the period of the lease, each charter payment received is allocated between "direct financing lease interest income" and "repayment of investment in direct financing leases" in such a way as to produce a constant percentage rate of return on the balance of the net investment in the lease. Thus, as the balance of the net investment in each lease decreases, less of each charter payment received is allocated to direct financing lease interest income and more is allocated to direct financing lease repayment.
Where a direct financing lease relates to a charter arrangement containing fixed price purchase options, the projected carrying value of the net investment in the lease is compared to the option price at the various option dates. If any option price is less than the projected net investment in the lease at an option date, the rate of amortization of unearned lease interest income is adjusted to reduce the net investment to the option price at the option date. If the option is not exercised, this process is repeated so as to reduce the net investment in the lease to the un-guaranteed residual value or the option price at the next option date, as appropriate.
This accounting policy for investments in direct financing leases has the effect that if an option is exercised there will either be a) no gain or loss on the exercise of the option or b) in the event that an option is exercised at a price in excess of the net investment in the lease at the option date, a gain will be reported in the statement of operations at the date of delivery to the new owners.
Impairment of long-lived assets
The carrying value of long-lived assets that are held and used by the Company are reviewed whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company assesses recoverability of the carrying value of the asset by estimating the future net cash flows expected to result from the asset, including eventual disposition. If the future net cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset, an impairment loss is recorded equal to the difference between the asset's carrying value and fair value. The review of the carrying value of long-lived assets at December 31, 2010, indicated that none of the Company's asset values are impaired.
Deferred charges
Loan costs, including debt arrangement fees, are capitalized and amortized on a straight line basis over the term of the relevant loan. The straight line basis of amortization approximates the effective interest method in the Company's statement of operations. Amortization of loan costs is included in interest expense. If a loan is repaid early, any unamortized portion of the related deferred charges is charged against income in the period in which the loan is repaid.
Financial Instruments
In determining the fair value of its financial instruments, the Company uses a variety of methods and assumptions that are based on market conditions and risks existing at each balance sheet date. For the majority of financial instruments, including most derivatives and long term debt, standard market conventions and techniques such as options pricing models are used to determine the fair value. All methods of assessing fair value result in a general approximation of value, and such value may never actually be realized.
Derivatives
Interest rate swaps
The Company enters into interest rate swap transactions from time to time to hedge a portion of its exposure to floating interest rates. These transactions involve the conversion of floating rates into fixed rates over the life of the transactions without an exchange of underlying principal. The fair values of the interest rate swap contracts are recognized as assets or liabilities and for certain of the Company's swaps changes in fair values are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. When the interest rate swap qualifies for hedge accounting under Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 815 "Derivatives and Hedging" ("ASC 815"), and the Company has formally designated the swap instrument as a hedge to the underlying loan, and when the hedge is effective, the changes in the fair value of the swap are recognized in other comprehensive income.
3. RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
In December 2009, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2009-17 "Improvements to Financial Reporting by Enterprises Involved with Variable interest Entities" ("ASU 2009-17"). ASU 2009-17 amends the evaluation criteria to identify the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. Additionally, ASU 2009-17 requires ongoing reassessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity and additional disclosures. The adoption of ASU 2009-17 by the Company with effect from January 1, 2010, did not have any material impact on its consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
In January 2010 the FASB issued ASU 2010-06 "Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements" ("ASU 2010-06") to add new requirements for disclosures about transfers into and out of Levels 1 and 2 and separate disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements related to Level 3 measurements. The adoption of ASU 2010-06 with effect from January 1, 2010, did not have any material impact on the Company's disclosures or consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
In July 2010 the FASB issued ASU 2010-20 "Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses" ("ASU 2010-20") in order to address concerns about the sufficiency, transparency and robustness of credit risk disclosures for finance receivables and the related allowance for credit losses. The adoption of ASU 2010-20 with effect from January 1, 2010, did not have any material impact on the Company's disclosures or consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
The Company has only one reportable segment.
Bermuda
Under current Bermuda law, the Company is not required to pay taxes in Bermuda on either income or capital gains.
The Company does not accrue U.S. income taxes as the Company is not engaged in a U.S. trade or business and is exempted from a gross basis tax under Section 883 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code.
A reconciliation between the income tax expense resulting from applying statutory income tax rates and the reported income tax expense has not been presented herein, as it would not provide additional useful information to users of the financial statements as the Company's net income is subject to neither Bermuda nor U.S. tax.
6. DIRECT FINANCING LEASE INTEREST INCOME
The charters relating to the Company's two drilling rigs contain interest adjustments clauses, whereby the charter rates are adjusted to reflect the difference between the actual interest rate and a pre-agreed base interest rate calculated on a deemed outstanding loan for the relevant asset on charter. The Company's accounting policy is to adjust lease income to reflect such interest rate adjustments.
Interest rate adjustments reduced direct financing lease interest income by $35.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2010, by $39.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2009, and by $4.4 million in the period from July 11, 2008 to December 31, 2008.
7. INVESTMENTS IN DIRECT FINANCING LEASES
The Company's assets consist of two drilling rigs which are chartered on long term, fixed rate charters to the Seadrill Charterers, both subsidiaries of Seadrill, a related party. The charters extend for a remaining period of approximately 13 years and provide the charterers with various call options to acquire the rigs at certain dates throughout the charters. In addition, at the end of each charter the respective charterer has a non-cancellable obligation to purchase the relevant rig from the Company at a specified fixed price.
The following lists the components of the investments in direct financing leases as of December 31, 2010, presuming that the Seadrill Charterers do not exercise any call options prior to the scheduled end of the charters:
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
Total minimum lease payments to be received
|
|
|
2,176,773 |
|
|
|
2,448,333 |
|
|
Less: unearned income
|
|
|
780,559 |
|
|
|
900,063 |
|
|
Total investment in direct financing leases
|
|
|
1,396,214 |
|
|
|
1,548,270 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current portion
|
|
|
149,262 |
|
|
|
152,056 |
|
|
Long-term portion
|
|
|
1,246,952 |
|
|
|
1,396,214 |
|
|
|
|
|
1,396,214 |
|
|
|
1,548,270 |
|
The minimum future gross revenues to be received under the Company's non-cancellable direct financing leases as of December 31, 2010 are as follows, presuming that the Seadrill Charterers do not exercise any call options prior to the scheduled end of the charters:
|
(in thousands of $)
Year ending December 31
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
262,908 |
|
|
2012
|
|
|
215,757 |
|
|
2013
|
|
|
215,168 |
|
|
2014
|
|
|
211,247 |
|
|
2015
|
|
|
133,603 |
|
|
Thereafter
|
|
|
1,138,090 |
|
|
Total minimum lease revenues
|
|
|
2,176,773 |
|
8. SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM DEBT
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
Long-term debt due to related parties - parent company:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. dollar denominated fixed rate debt due 2023
|
|
|
290,000 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Less: amounts due on current account from parent company
|
|
|
(65,821 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
224,179 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt due to non-related parties:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. dollar denominated floating rate debt (LIBOR plus margin) due 2013
|
|
|
1,099,417 |
|
|
|
1,255,250 |
|
|
Less: current portion of long-term debt
|
|
|
(160,500 |
) |
|
|
(155,833 |
) |
|
|
|
|
938,917 |
|
|
|
1,099,417 |
|
$290 million loan from parent company
In 2010 the Company entered into agreement with Ship Finance whereby the latter granted the Company a loan of $290.0 million bearing interest at a fixed rate. The loan is subordinated to the Company's secured term loan facility, and is repayable in full on the earlier of October 1 2023 or the date of sale of the Company's drilling rigs. Ship Finance is entitled to take excess cash from the Company from time to time, and such amounts are recorded within the current account between the Company and Ship Finance. The loan agreement specifies that the balance on the current account will have no interest rate applied and will be settled by offset against the $290.0 million loan repayment.
$1.4 billion secured term loan facility
In September 2008 the Company entered into a $1.4 billion secured term loan facility with a syndicate of banks to partly finance the acquisition of its two drilling rigs. The facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and has a term of five years. The facility is secured by the Company's assets and a guarantee from Ship Finance to a limit of $200 million. The facility contains a minimum value covenant and covenants which require Ship Finance to maintain certain minimum levels of free cash, working capital and adjusted book equity ratios. As of December 31, 2010, the Company and Ship Finance are in compliance with all of the covenants relating to the facility.
The outstanding debt on this loan facility as of December 31, 2010, is repayable as follows:
|
(in thousands of $)
Year ending December 31
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
160,500 |
|
|
2012
|
|
|
117,042 |
|
|
2013
|
|
|
821,873 |
|
|
2014
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Thereafter
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Total debt
|
|
|
1,099,415 |
|
The weighted average interest rate for the above floating rate debt denominated in U.S. dollars was 2.70% as at December 31, 2010 (2009: 2.65%). These rates take into consideration the effect of interest rate swaps. At December 31, 2010 the three month dollar LIBOR rate was 0.303% (2009: 0.251%).
9. SHARE CAPITAL AND CONTRIBUTED SURPLUS
Authorized share capital is as follows:
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
100 common shares of $1.00 par value each |
|
|
$100 |
|
|
|
$100 |
|
Issued and fully paid share capital is as follows:
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
100 common shares of $1.00 par value each |
|
|
$100 |
|
|
|
$100 |
|
The Company was incorporated on July 11, 2008 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ship Finance International Limited, a company incorporated in Bermuda and publicly listed on the New York Stock Exchange (ticker SFL).
In the period from July 11, 2008 to December 31, 2008 the Company issued 100 common shares of par value $1.00 each, and in addition received contributed surplus from its shareholders of $290.0 million. In the year ended December 31, 2010 the Company distributed $290.0 million to its shareholders out of contributed surplus, as permitted by Section 54 of the Bermuda Companies Act.
10. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Hemen Holding Ltd., a Cyprus company, and Farahead Investment Inc., a Liberian company, together at December 31, 2010, hold approximately 43% of the issued share capital of Ship Finance, the Company's parent. Hemen Holding Ltd. and Farahead Investment Inc. (hereafter jointly referred to as "Hemen") are both indirectly controlled by trusts established by Mr. John Fredriksen for the benefit of his immediate family. The Company's two drilling rigs, West Hercules and West Taurus, are leased to subsidiaries of Seadrill, in which Hemen also has a significant interest.
In November 2008 the Company acquired two drilling rigs for $1,690.0 million from subsidiaries of Seadrill. The rigs were chartered back to the Seadrill Charterers, which are subsidiaries of Seadrill, for periods of 15 years, fully guaranteed by Seadrill. Seadrill Offshore has been granted fixed price purchase options after three, six, eight, 10, and 12 years in the case of West Hercules. Seadrill Deepwater has been granted fixed price purchase options after six, eight, 10 and 12 years in the case of West Taurus. In addition, the Seadrill Charterers have non-cancellable obligations to purchase the rigs from the Company after 15 years, at the expiry of the relevant charters.
The Balance Sheets include the following amounts due from and to related parties:
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
Amounts due from related parties - parent company:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current account with Ship Finance
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
31,072 |
|
|
Amounts due from other related parties
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lease payments due from the Seadrill Charterers
|
|
|
20,254 |
|
|
|
19,808 |
|
|
Long term debt due to related parties - parent company (see Note 8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed rate debt due to Ship Finance in 2023
|
|
|
290,000 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Less: amounts due on current account from Ship Finance
|
|
|
(65,821 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
224,179 |
|
|
|
- |
|
At December 31, 2010 the balance of net investments in direct financing leases with the Seadrill Charterers was $1,396.2 million (2009: $1,548.3 million) of which $149.3 million (2009: $152.1 million) represents short-term maturities.
In the year ended December 31, 2010 direct financing lease interest income of $84.1 million was received from the Seadrill Charterers (2009: $91.8 million). In the period from July 11, 2008 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2008 direct financing lease interest income of $15.0 million was received from the Seadrill Charterers.
In the year ended December 31, 2010 interest expense of $13.1 million was paid to Ship Finance. No interest expense was paid to Ship Finance in the year ended December 31, 2009 or the period from July 11, 2008 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2008.
11. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
|
Interest rate risk management
|
The Company has entered into a $1.4 billion floating interest rate secured term loan facility. The Company's charter agreements with the Seadrill Charterers include interest adjustment clauses, whereby the daily charter rate is adjusted to reflect the difference between the actual interest rate and a pre-agreed base interest rate calculated on a deemed outstanding loan for the relevant asset on charter.
On the instruction of the Seadrill Charterers, the Company has entered into interest rate swaps which swap floating rate interest to fixed rate. The counterparties to these contracts are HSH Nordbank AG, ABN AMRO Bank N.V., DnB NOR Bank ASA, Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken AB (publ) and ING Bank N.V. Credit risk exists to the extent that the counterparties are unable to perform under the contracts, but this risk is considered remote as the counterparties are all banks which participate in the loan facility to which the interest rate swaps are related.
The Company's swap transactions as at December 31, 2010 are designated as hedges against a portion of its long term debt and are summarized as follows:
|
Notional Principal (in thousands of $)
|
Inception date
|
Maturity date
|
|
Fixed interest rate
|
|
|
$585,500 (reducing to $401,417)
|
December 2008
|
August 2013
|
|
|
1.91% - 2.24 |
% |
The majority of the Company's transactions, assets and liabilities are denominated in U.S. dollars, the functional currency of the Company. There is a risk that currency fluctuations will have a negative effect on the value of the Company's cash flows. The Company has not entered into forward contracts for either transaction or translation risk, which may have an adverse effect on the Company's financial condition and results of operations.
Fair Values
The carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company's financial assets and liabilities at December 31, 2010 and 2009 are as follows:
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
2010
Carrying value
|
|
|
2010
Fair value
|
|
|
2009
Carrying value
|
|
|
2009
Fair value
|
|
|
Non-derivatives:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
Fixed rate long-term debt due to related parties - parent company
|
|
|
224,179 |
|
|
|
224,179 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Floating rate long-term debt due to non-related parties
|
|
|
1,099,417 |
|
|
|
1,099,417 |
|
|
|
1,255,250 |
|
|
|
1,255,250 |
|
|
Derivatives:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest rate swap contracts – long term payables
|
|
|
16,370 |
|
|
|
16,370 |
|
|
|
1,786 |
|
|
|
1,786 |
|
The above financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair value measurements at reporting date using
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
|
|
|
Significant Other Observable Inputs
|
|
|
Significant Unobservable Inputs
|
|
|
(in thousands of $)
|
|
December 31, 2010
|
|
|
(Level 1)
|
|
|
(Level 2)
|
|
|
(Level 3)
|
|
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed rate long-term debt due to related parties - parent company
|
|
|
224,179 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
224,179 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Floating rate long-term debt due to non-related parties
|
|
|
1,099,417 |
|
|
|
1,099,417 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest rate swap contracts – long term payables
|
|
|
16,370 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
16,370 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
1,339,966 |
|
|
|
1,099,417 |
|
|
|
240,549 |
|
|
|
- |
|
ASC Topic 820 "Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures" ("ASC 820") emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement, and should be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between market participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (observable inputs that are classified within levels one and two of the hierarchy) and the reporting entity's own assumptions about market participant assumptions (unobservable inputs classified within level three of the hierarchy).
Level one inputs utilize unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. Level two inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in level one that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level two inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, as well as inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, other than quoted prices, such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals. Level three inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, which are typically based on an entity's own assumptions, as there is little, if any, related market activity. In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.
The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, which are highly liquid, is a reasonable estimate of fair value. The fair value of the long-term fixed interest rate debt due to parent company is estimated to be equal to the carrying value, based on an analysis of interest rates, credit risks and default risks associated with the terms of the loans.
The fair value for floating rate long-term debt is estimated to be equal to the carrying value since it bears variable interest rates, which are reset on a quarterly basis.
The fair value of interest rate swaps is calculated using a well-established independent valuation technique applied to contracted cash flows and LIBOR interest rates as at December 31, 2010.
Concentrations of risk
There is a concentration of credit risk with respect to cash and cash equivalents to the extent that most of the amounts are carried with Nordea. However, the Company believes this risk is remote.
The Company's operating revenue consists entirely of lease income derived from the charters of its two drilling rigs to the Seadrill Charterers, both subsidiaries of Seadrill. There is thus a concentration of revenue risk with Seadrill.
12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
|
|
2010
|
|
Book value of assets pledged under ship mortgages
|
$1,396 million
|
There are no subsequent events to report.