“We have continued to execute on our focused business strategy creating solutions that help our customers improve their business. Our efforts to improve efficiency in service delivery and common costs are starting to pay off. The gross margin1) improved to 36% (19%) in the quarter, tracking well towards our Group target of 37-39% by 2020.

A cornerstone in our strategy is to invest in R&D for both technology leadership and cost leadership, which will allow us to generate higher gross margins. We continue to increase our R&D investments in Networks to lead in 5G. In Digital Services we continue to increase investments into our new cloud-native portfolio as well as changing our ways of working for better R&D efficiency. In Managed Services we continue to focus on machine intelligence, automation and analytics to further enhance user experience, improve efficiency and better manage the increasingly complex networks of tomorrow.

In Networks we have seen the portfolio becoming more competitive in the last three quarters of 2017, resulting in market share gains, as reported by external sources. In Networks the gross margin1) improved to 40% (35%). In Digital Services, the gross margin1) improved to 41% (-25%), supported by cost reductions mainly in service delivery. However, operating income in Digital Services remains challenging. In Managed Services the gross margin1) improved to 9% (-7%) supported by efficiency gains in service delivery and customer contract reviews, resulting in a positive operating income1).

In segment Emerging Business and Other, we are gradually increasing investments in growth areas such as IoT and Unified Delivery Network (UDN). While the combined operating income of Media

Solutions and Red Bee Media improved YoY, these businesses showed a loss2) of SEK -0.5 b. in the quarter. We expect to close the announced Media Solutions divestment by the end of the third quarter.

In the quarter we reduced the total workforce by more than 3,000. Since the reduction activities were launched in July last year, we have reduced the total workforce by almost 18,000. To date, the annual run-rate effect of cost savings is approximately SEK 8.5 b., compared with the target of SEK 10 b. for mid-2018. The run-rate reduction does not yet fully impact the quarterly results.

Free cash flow improved to SEK 0.3 (-3.2) b. – another step forward in improving our financial resilience. Net cash was SEK 35.6 (28.3)b.

The improvements in the quarter are encouraging. However, more work remains to be done. We have confidence in the strategic direction laid out and remain fully committed to our long-term targets. Looking ahead, we expect the rapidly increasing focus on 5G to continue, with initial business discussions focusing on enhanced mobile broadband. We continue to work closely with customers to define the optimal business models to enable them to tap into new revenue streams and capture the full value of 5G.”

Börje Ekholm

President and CEO

Planning assumptions going forward

Market related

Currency exposure

Ericsson related

Net sales

Sales as reported decreased by -9 %YoY. Sales adjusted for comparable units and currency decreased by -2% YoY with growth in North America, Europe and Latin America as well as the Middle East and Africa. Sales as reported in Networks declined by -10% YoY, mainly due to lower mobile broadband investments in Mainland China and earlier completion of larger mobile broadband projects in market area South East Asia, Oceania and India. Digital Services sales declined by -9% YoY, mainly due to continued decline in legacy product sales and related services. Managed Services sales declined by -8% YoY as a result of customer contract reviews and reduced variable sales in certain large contracts. Sales in Emerging Business and Other (former segment Other) declined by -7% YoY due to lower sales in the media business.

Sequential sales decreased by -25%. Sales adjusted for comparable units and currency decreased by -24% QoQ, in line with normal seasonality.

IPR licensing revenues

IPR licensing revenues declined YoY to SEK 1.9 (2.1) b. and from SEK 2.1 b. in Q4 2017, mainly due to currency effects.

Gross margin

Gross margin increased to 34.2% (15.7%) with significant improvements in Networks, Digital Services and Managed Services. Effects of cost reductions, a continued ramp-up of the Ericsson Radio System (ERS) product platform and good progress in addressing low-performing customer contracts in Managed Services were key drivers of the improvement. Write-down of assets, as well as provisions and adjustments related to certain customer projects had a significant negative impact on gross margin in 2017. Restructuring charges included in the gross margin amounted to SEK -1.2 (-1.7) b. and gross margin, excluding restructuring charges, was 35.9% (18.7%). Completion of amortization of software release development expenses had a positive effect on gross margin YoY and QoQ.

Sequentially, gross margin increased with significant improvements in all segments.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses decreased to SEK 15.3 (18.9) b. Write-down of assets as well as provisions and adjustments related to certain customer projects had a significant negative impact on the 2017 operating expenses.

Selling and administrative expenses decreased YoY. Cost reductions contributed with SEK 0.6 b. to the decline.

R&D expenses were SEK -9.1 (-9.1) b. The net effect of higher amortized than capitalized R&D expenses was SEK -1.1 b. Investments in Networks’ R&D increased YoY in accordance with the strategy.

Operating expenses decreased sequentially, following normal seasonality.

Operating expenses were negatively impacted by restructuring charges of SEK -0.4 (-0.3) b. and were flat QoQ.

Other operating income and expenses

Other operating income and expenses were SEK 0.1 (0.1) b. compared with SEK -12.9 b. in Q4 2017, which included write-down of goodwill of SEK -13.0 b.

Consequences of technology and portfolio shifts

Due to technology and portfolio shifts, the company is reducing the capitalization of development expenses for product platforms and software releases as well as the deferral of hardware costs. As a consequence, higher amortization than capitalization of development expenses and higher recognition than deferral of hardware costs had a negative impact on operating income YoY. The amounts related to capitalized software releases were fully amortized in 2017, positively impacting gross income QoQ.

Net impact from amortization and capitalization of development expenses and from recognition and deferral of hardware costs

Restructuring charges

Restructuring charges were SEK -1.2 (-1.7) b. Restructuring charges in Q4 2017 were SEK -2.4 b.

Operating income (loss)

Operating income (loss) increased YoY to SEK -0.3 (-11.3) b., supported by improved gross margin and reduced operating expenses, partly offset by lower sales.

The change in net impact from amortizations and capitalization of development expenses YoY was SEK -0.9 b.

Operating income (loss) improved sequentially, supported by improved gross margin, reduced operating expenses and reduced restructuring charges, partly offset by lower sales.

Write-down of assets as well as provisions and adjustments related to certain customer projects had a significant impact on the 2017 operating expenses.

Financial net

Financial net was SEK -0.5 (-0.4) b. Revaluation and realization effects of foreign exchange forecast hedging were negative at SEK -0.1 b. in the quarter. Financial net was stable sequentially.

Taxes

Taxes were positive in the quarter following the negative income.

Net income (loss) and EPS

Net income (loss) and EPS diluted increased significantly both YoY and QoQ, following the improved operating income.

Employees

The number of employees on March 31, 2018, was 97,581 – a net reduction of 3,154 employees in the quarter and of 13,317 employees compared with March 31, 2017. The decrease is mainly a result of cost and efficiency activities.

Focused strategy execution

The following four measures are indicators of the progress of strategy execution.

Changes in segment reporting

As of Q1 2018, sales related to 3PP routing business are reported in Networks (earlier Digital Services). Comparative periods have been restated to reflect this change. In Q1 2018, these sales were SEK 151 (160) million.

As of Q2 2018, sales related to Application Development and Maintenance (ADM) and certain sales related to Business Support Solution (BSS) will be moved between the segments Managed Services and Digital Services, with increased sales in Managed Services and a corresponding sales decrease in Digital Services (net effect of SEK 1.9 b in 2017).

South East Asia, Oceania and India

Sales declined YoY due to completion of major projects in Networks. Digital Services sales increased slightly.

North East Asia

Sales declined YoY due to lower Networks sales in Mainland China as a consequence of reduced LTE investments. Operators in Mainland China and Japan were awaiting results of spectrum allocations, which impacted sales negatively in the quarter.

North America

Reported sales declined YoY, while currency-adjusted sales increased by 6% . This growth was driven by Networks due to investments in network expansions and in 5G readiness. Digital Services sales declined YoY, due to timing of project milestones. Managed Services sales declined.

Europe and Latin America

Sales increased YoY, driven by higher Networks sales primarily in Latin America, positively impacted by project timing. Parts of Europe also contributed to Networks sales growth YoY. Growth was partly offset by lower sales in Digital Services. In line with the strategy, sales were negatively impacted by contract reviews in Digital Services and Managed Services.

Middle East and Africa

Sales grew YoY, positively impacted by deployment of network modernization and LTE contracts in parts of the Middle East.

Other

Sales declined YoY, mainly in Media Solutions and Red Bee Media. IPR licensing revenues amounted to SEK 1.9 (2.1) b.

Net sales

Sales as reported declined by -10% YoY. Sales adjusted for comparable units and currency declined by -2%. The YoY decline is mainly due to lower LTE investments in Mainland China and completion of larger projects in market area South East Asia, Oceania and India. This decline was partly offset by strong growth in Europe and Latin America as well as in the Middle East and Africa. Investments in network expansions and 5G readiness in North America continued and sales grew in constant currencies.

Sales decreased by -23% QoQ, in line with normal seasonality. Sales adjusted for comparable units and currency decreased by -22% QoQ.

Gross margin

Gross margin increased to 38.9% (31.7%) YoY. Gross margin was positively impacted by improved margins of hardware and services, driven by cost reductions and a successful shift of the radio platform. The gross margin increase was partly offset by higher recognition than deferral of hardware costs.

Gross margin improved QoQ from 32.0%.

Write-down of assets as well as provisions and adjustments related to certain customer projects had a negative impact on gross margin in 2017.

Operating margin

Operating margin improved YoY to 11.8% (8.6%), due to improved gross margin and lower restructuring charges. The improvement was partly offset by lower sales and increased R&D expenses.

Operating margin improved significantly QoQ from 5.2%.

Write-down of assets as well as provisions and adjustments related to certain customer projects had a negative impact on operating margin in 2017.

Strategy execution

As presented at the 2017 Capital Markets Day, the ambition for Networks is to improve the operating margin to 15%-17% in 2020. Three important activities for profitability improvements are to

- invest in R&D to safeguard a leading portfolio

- fully transition the radio unit deliveries to Ericsson Radio System (ERS) in order to increase competitiveness

- continue to make savings in service delivery and common costs.

The ERS, which was introduced to the market in 2015, has proven to be competitive, creating improved earnings and a stronger market position. In the first quarter 2018, ERS accounted for 84% of total radio unit deliveries. The plan is to have fully transitioned the radio unit deliveries to ERS by the end of 2018.

Net sales

Sales as reported declined by -9% YoY. Sales adjusted for comparable units and currency decreased by -3% YoY. The ongoing digitalization drives opportunities for operators to reduce costs and be more agile by: automating operations, serving and engaging with customers digitally and building programmable core networks. Consequently, operators increasingly invest in the areas where Digital Services provide solutions. The momentum is strong for the new portfolio of 5G-ready and cloud-native products, with several important customer wins in the quarter. Currency-adjusted sales of new products grew in the quarter, however not enough to compensate for the legacy product sales decline.

Sales declined by -39% QoQ following a seasonally strong Q4 and lower sales in large transformation projects. Sales adjusted for comparable units and currency declined by -38% QoQ.

Gross margin

Improved services margin had a positive impact on gross margin YoY and QoQ. The improvement was driven by cost reductions in service delivery. In addition, lower sales in large low-margin transformation projects had a positive impact. Completion of amortization of software release development expenses had a positive effect on gross margin YoY and QoQ.

Write-down of assets as well as provisions and adjustments related to certain customer projects had a significant negative impact on gross margin in 2017.

Operating income (loss)

Operating income (loss) improved YoY, driven by increased gross margin and reduced operating expenses. Operating expenses continued to decline, when excluding related restructuring charges and SEK -0.4 (0.6) b. in impact from capitalized development expenses. Activities to improve efficiencies have accelerated in the quarter and further cost reductions are planned for the remainder of 2018. Total restructuring charges of SEK -0.6 (-0.3) b. had a negative impact on operating income YoY.

Operating income (loss) improved QoQ driven by gross margin improvements and reduced operating expenses.

Write-down of assets, as well as provisions and adjustments related to certain customer projects had a significant negative impact on operating income in 2017.

Strategy execution

As presented at the Capital Markets Day 2017, the target is to turn Digital Services into profits by 2020. Cost reduction activities were intensified in the quarter across the areas of service delivery, selling and administrative expenses and R&D. Cost reduction activities will continue by addressing complexity and inefficiency. While new ways of working are improving R&D efficiency, investments continue in a portfolio of 5G-ready and cloud-native products in order to defend the position and prepare Digital Services for future growth.

A key activity for profitability turnaround is to manage and complete 34 identified critical multi-year customer contracts and to either exit or complete 11 identified non-strategic contracts. 6 of the 45 contracts were successfully addressed in the quarter. At the end of the quarter, 8 contracts of the 45 have been addressed and the plan is to complete or exit approximately 50% of the 45 contracts during 2018.

Net sales

Sales as reported decreased by -8% YoY, as a result of contract reviews and reduced variable sales in certain large Managed Services Networks contracts. Sales in Managed Services IT showed good growth. Sales adjusted for comparable units and currency decreased by -4% YoY. Sales development is in line with the focused business strategy.

Sales as reported decreased by -11% QoQ.

Gross margin

Gross margin increased both YoY and QoQ, supported by results of efficiency measures as well as reviewed and addressed contracts. The QoQ gross margin increase was also supported by lower restructuring charges. Gross margin increased to 7.9% (-8.9%) YoY, and sequentially from -11.8%.

Write-down of assets as well as provisions and customer project adjustments had a significant negative impact on gross margin in 2017.

Operating income (loss)

Operating income (loss) increased to SEK 0.1 (-1.8) b. YoY, due to higher gross margin and lower operating expenses. Restructuring charges were SEK -0.1 (-0.1) b.

Sequentially, operating income (loss) increased, due to higher gross margin and lower operating expenses.

Write-down of assets as well as provisions and customer project adjustments had a significant negative impact on operating income in 2017.

Strategy execution

As part of the focused business strategy, Managed Services has its full attention on turning the business around through addressing low-performing operations and non-strategic contracts as well as improving efficiency in the service delivery process. Investments continue in machine intelligence, automation and analytics to further enhance user experience, improve efficiency and better manage the increasingly complex networks of tomorrow.

As presented at the 2017 Capital Markets Day, the ambition for Managed Services is to improve the operating margin to 4%-6% in 2020. In order to focus the business and improve profitability, 42 managed services contracts (out of >300) have been identified for exit, renegotiation or transformation. After Q1 2018, review actions for 31 of the 42 contracts have been completed resulting in an annualized profit improvement of approximately SEK 0.7 b. going forward.

Net sales

Sales as reported declined by -7% YoY. Sales adjusted for comparable units and currency decreased by -2%. Red Bee Media sales declined due to earlier renegotiations and scope changes of contracts. Media Solutions sales declined mainly due to lower sales in the discontinued portfolio including related services sales. Sales in Emerging Business and iconectiv grew YoY. In Emerging Business there was a continued YoY growth in IoT, while Unified Delivery Network (UDN) sales grew both YoY and QoQ.

Sales declined by -21% QoQ, mainly due to lower sales in Media Solutions and Red Bee Media, following a seasonally strong Q4. Sales adjusted for comparable units and currency decreased by -20% QoQ.

Gross margin

Gross margin increased YoY, mainly driven by improved gross margins in iconectiv and Media Solutions.

Gross margin increased QoQ. Write-down of assets had a significant negative impact on gross margin in Q4 2017. Gross margin in Q1 2018 was negatively impacted by customer penalties of SEK -0.1 b.

Operating income (loss)

Operating income improved YoY. Write-down of assets had a significant negative impact on operating income (loss) in Q1 2017. Income for Media Solutions and iconectiv improved YoY. Red Bee Media income was negatively impacted by lower sales and actions are ongoing to improve operations and reduce costs.

In Q1 2018, sales for the media business (Media Solutions and Red Bee Media) were SEK 1.0 (1.3) b. and operating income (loss) excluding restructuring charges and corporate allocations was SEK -0.5 (-2.6) b. Write-down of assets had a significant negative impact on operating income (loss) in Q1 2017.

Emerging Business operating income declined YoY, driven by increased investments in accordance with the strategy.

Operating income (loss) improved QoQ as write-down of assets had a significant negative impact on operating income in Q4 2017. Reduced sequential sales and customer penalties of SEK -0.1 b. had a negative impact on Q1 2018 operating income (loss). Media Solutions result declined QoQ partly due to lower sales and costs related to the planned transaction in Q3 2018.

Strategy execution

As outlined at the Capital Markets Day in 2017, the target for segment Emerging Business and Other is a break-even operating income by 2020.

Selective investments will continue in Emerging Business to build a position and grow sales in new areas.

For Red Bee Media the target is to achieve a sustainable profitable business, by continuing to develop the business as an independent entity within Ericsson and further improve operations.

In Media Solutions, Ericsson is partnering with One Equity Partners (OEP) and retaining a 49% ownership stake. This allows Ericsson to capture the upside of the business while at the same time taking an active part in the expected consolidation of the industry. Activities are ongoing to complete the transaction as planned during Q3 2018.

Operating activities

Cash flow from operating activities was SEK 1.6 b., driven by decreased trade receivables following seasonally lower sales and good collection. Sale of trade receivables decreased compared with the same period last year. Inventory increased due to seasonally lower delivery volumes. Cash outlays related to restructuring charges were SEK -1.4 (-1.6) b. in the quarter.

Investing activities

Cash flow from investing activities was SEK -1.8 b., impacted by investments in property, plant and equipment of SEK -0.9 b. and capitalized development expenses of SEK -0.3 b. In addition, Ericsson acquired a company related to Emerging Business in the quarter.

Financing activities

Cash flow from financing activities was slightly negative at SEK -0.1 b. Net change in cash and cash equivalents was SEK 0.8 b.

Free cash flow

Free cash flow was SEK 0.3 (-3.2) b.

Gross cash increased by SEK 1.6 b. and net cash increased by SEK 0.9 b. in the quarter. Gross cash was SEK 69.3 b. and net cash was SEK 35.6 b.

Post-employments benefits increased in the quarter, to SEK 25.6 b. from SEK 25.0 b. due to normal service and interest costs as well as negative returns on assets, partially offset by increased discount rate in the US.

The average maturity of long-term borrowings as of March 31, 2018, was 4.1 years, the same as 12 months earlier.

Debt maturity profile, Parent Company

SEK b.

Income after financial items was SEK 0.37 (-0.05) b.

At the end of the quarter, gross cash (cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, and interest-bearing securities non-current) amounted to SEK 52.3 (51.3) b.

In the quarter, a dividend of SEK 3.3 b. was recognized, as anticipated, after decision by the Annual General Meeting on the 28th of March. The dividend was paid out in first week of April.

In accordance with the conditions of the long-term variable compensation program (LTV) for Ericsson employees, 3,436,265 shares from treasury stock were sold or distributed to employees during the first quarter. The holding of treasury stock at March 31, 2018, was 46,829,234 Class B shares.

Changes to Ericsson’s Executive Team and Group structure

On January 31, 2018, Ericsson announced changes to the Group structure and its Executive Team. A Business Area Technology and Emerging Business was created. Effective April 1, 2018, Åsa Tamsons was appointed Senior Vice President, Head of Business Area Technology and Emerging Business as well as member of the Executive Team.

The Company announced that it would simplify its group function structure, from six functions to four. The majority of current Group Function Technology & Emerging Business, including hosted group responsibilities such as Ericsson Research, would form part of Business Area Technology and Emerging Business.

Effective February 1, 2018, Group Function Marketing & Communications and Group Function Sustainability & Public Affairs would be merged into a new Group Function Marketing & Corporate Relations, headed by Helena Norrman, former Head of Group Function Marketing & Communications.

Ericsson reported restated financials for 2016 and 2017

On March 16, 2018, Ericsson reported restated consolidated income statement information for 2016 and 2017, in line with the new accounting standard IFRS 15, applied as of January 1, 2018.

Changes to Ericsson’s Executive Team

On March 27, 2018, the Board of Directors of Ericsson appointed Xavier Dedullen Senior Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Head of Legal Affairs & Compliance, effective April 1, 2018. Effective the same date he would take a place in the Executive Team.

In addition, Erik Ekudden, Chief Technology Officer, has been appointed Senior Vice President, Chief Technology Officer and member of Ericsson’s Executive Team, reporting to Börje Ekholm.

Chief Legal Officer Nina Macpherson has decided, after a distinguished career, to leave the company to retire. Nina Macpherson has led the company’s global legal affairs function and has been part of the Ericsson Executive Team since January 1, 2011.

Resolutions at the AGM

On March 28, 2018, Ericsson held its AGM in Kista, Stockholm. The proposed dividend of SEK 1.00 per share was approved by the AGM.

In accordance with the proposal of the Nomination Committee. Ronnie Leten was elected new Chairman of the Board. Jon Fredrik Baksaas, Jan Carlson, Eric A. Elzvik, Nora Denzel, Börje Ekholm, Kristin S. Rinne, Helena Stjernholm and Jacob Wallenberg were re-elected to the Board. Kurt Jofs and Ronnie Leten were elected new Board members. Leif Johansson, Kristin Skogen Lund and Sukhinder Singh Cassidy left the Board in connection with the AGM.

In accordance with the Board of Directors’ proposal, the AGM resolved to approve the Guidelines for remuneration to Group Management and the implementation of a Long-Term Variable Compensation Program 2018 for members of the Executive Team.

Ongoing litigation with LG Electronics

In March 2018, Ericsson Inc and Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson sued LG Electronics, Inc. and LG Electronics MobileComm U.S.A., in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, Civil Action No. 4:18-cv-186Inc. Ericsson is seeking a declaratory judgment that the global, reciprocal cross-license that Ericsson offered during its negotiations with LG complied with Ericsson’s FRAND commitment. Ericsson also claims that LG is an unwilling licensee, failed to negotiate in good faith, and breached its contractual obligation to ETSI.

POST-CLOSING EVENTS

Putative class action suit

In April 2018, the present CEO and CFO of Ericsson as well as three former executives were named defendants in a putative class action filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. The complaint alleges violations of United States securities laws, principally in connection with service revenues and recognition of expenses on long-term service projects . Ericsson is evaluating the complaint.

Ericsson’s operational and financial risk factors and uncertainties are described in our Annual Report 2017.

Risk factors and uncertainties in focus short term for the Parent Company and the Ericsson Group include, but are not limited to:

Ericsson stringently monitors the compliance with all relevant trade regulations and trade embargoes applicable to dealings with customers operating in countries where there are trade restrictions or trade restrictions are discussed. Ericsson operates globally in accordance with Group policies and directives for business ethics and conduct and has a dedicated anti-corruption program. However, in some of the countries where the company operates, corruption risks can be high and compliance failure could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and brand.

Stockholm, April 20, 2018

Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ)

Börje Ekholm, President and CEO

Org. No. 556016-0680

Date for next report: July 18, 2018

Ericsson invites media, investors and analysts to conference calls on April 20, 2018; one starting at 09.00 (CET) and the other at 14.00 (CET).

Live audio webcasts of the conference calls as well as supporting slides will be available at:

www.ericsson.com/press and

www.ericsson.com/investors

Replay of the conference calls will be available approximately one hour after each call has ended and will remain available for seven days.

For further information, please contact:

Helena Norrman, Senior Vice President, Chief Marketing and

Communications Officer

Phone: +46 10 719 34 72

E-mail: investor.relations@ericsson.com or

media.relations@ericsson.com

Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson

Org. number: 556016-0680

Torshamnsgatan 21

SE-164 83 Stockholm

Phone: +46 10 719 00 00

www.ericsson.com

This report includes forward-looking statements, including statements reflecting management’s current views relating to the growth of the market, future market conditions, future events, financial condition, and expected operational and financial performance, including, in particular the following:

The words “believe,” “expect,” “foresee,” “anticipate,” “assume,” “intend,” “likely,” “projects,” “may,” “could,” “plan,” “estimate,” “forecast,” “will,” “should,” “would,” “predict,” “aim,” “ambition,” “seek,” “potential,” “target,” “might,” “continue,” or, in each case, their negative or variations, and similar words or expressions are used to identify forward-looking statements. Any statement that refers to expectations, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements.

We caution investors that these statements are subject to risks and uncertainties many of which are difficult to predict and generally beyond our control that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied or projected by, the forward-looking information and statements.

Important factors that could affect whether and to what extent any of our forward-looking statements materialize include, but are not limited to, the factors described in the section “Risk Factors”, and in “Risk Factors” in the Annual Report 2017.

These forward-looking statements also represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date that they were made. We expressly disclaim a duty to provide updates to these forward-looking statements, and the estimates and assumptions associated with them, after the date of this report, to reflect events or changes in circumstances or changes in expectations or the occurrence of anticipated events, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by applicable law or stock exchange regulation.