e424b5
The information in this prospectus supplement is not complete and may be changed. This
prospectus supplement is not an offer to sell these securities and is not an offer to buy these
securities in any jurisdiction where such offer or sale is not permitted.
Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-165169
SUBJECT
TO COMPLETION, DATED MARCH 3, 2010
Preliminary Prospectus Supplement
(To Prospectus dated March 3, 2010)
Mindray
Medical International Limited
4,000,000 American Depositary Shares
Representing 4,000,000 Class A
Ordinary Shares
We are
offering 4,000,000 American Depositary Shares, or ADSs. Each ADS represents one of
our Class A ordinary shares, par value HK$0.001 per share. Our ADSs are listed on The New York
Stock Exchange under the trading symbol MR. On March 2, 2010, the last reported sale price of
our ADSs was $39.16 per ADS.
Investing
in our ADSs involves risks. These risks are discussed in this prospectus
supplement under Risk Factors beginning on page S-6 and in the documents incorporated by
reference into this prospectus supplement.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or
disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus supplement is truthful or
complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
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PER ADS |
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TOTAL |
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Public Offering Price |
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$ |
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$ |
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Underwriting Discounts |
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$ |
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$ |
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Proceeds to Mindray (Before Expenses) |
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$ |
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$ |
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The
underwriter expects to deliver the ADSs to purchasers on March 9, 2010. We have granted the
underwriter an option for a period of 30 days to purchase up to
an additional 600,000 ADSs to
cover overallotments. If the underwriter exercises the option in full, the total underwriting
discounts payable by us will be $ and the total proceeds to us, before
expenses, will be $ .
Sole Book-Running Manager
Jefferies
& Company
Prospectus
Supplement dated March , 2010.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT |
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
This document is comprised of two parts. The first part is this prospectus supplement, which
describes the specific terms of this offering and also adds to and updates information contained in
the accompanying prospectus. The second part, the accompanying prospectus, gives more general
information, some of which may not apply to this offering. If the description of the offering
varies between this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus or the documents
incorporated herein and therein by reference, you should rely on the information contained in this
prospectus supplement. However, if any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a
statement in another document having a later date for example, a document incorporated by
reference in the accompanying prospectus the statement in the document having the later date
modifies or supersedes the earlier statement.
You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide
information different from that contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus. We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy,
ADSs only in jurisdictions where such offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in
this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated herein and
therein by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document containing such information,
regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus supplement and accompanying prospectus or of
any sale of our ADSs.
Unless otherwise stated, or the context otherwise requires, for purposes of this prospectus
supplement only:
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we, us, our company, our, Mindray International and Mindray refer
to Mindray Medical International Limited, and its consolidated subsidiaries, including,
among others, Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., or Shenzhen Mindray,
and Shenzhen Mindrays predecessor entities; |
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China or PRC refers to the Peoples Republic of China, excluding, for
purposes of this prospectus supplement only, Taiwan and the Special Administrative
Regions of Hong Kong and Macau; |
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All references to Renminbi or RMB are to the legal currency of China, all
references to US dollars, dollars, or $ are to the legal currency of the United
States, and all references to HK$ are to the legal currency of the Hong Kong Special
Administrative Region of China; |
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ordinary shares refers to our Class A and Class B ordinary shares, par value
HK$0.001 per share; |
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ADSs refers to our American depositary shares, each of which represents one
Class A ordinary share; |
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ADRs refers to American depositary receipts, which, if issued, evidence our
ADSs; and |
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US GAAP refers to generally accepted accounting principles in the United
States. |
S-1
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY
This summary highlights selected information contained in greater detail elsewhere in this
prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference.
You should carefully read the entire prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the
documents and information incorporated by reference, including Risk Factors and the financial
statements, before making an investment decision.
Summary
Overview
We are a leading developer, manufacturer and marketer of medical devices worldwide. We
maintain our global headquarters in Shenzhen, China, U.S. headquarters in Mahwah, New Jersey and
multiple sales offices in major international markets. From our main manufacturing and engineering
base in China and through our worldwide distribution network, we supply internationally a broad
range of products across three primary business segments, comprising patient monitoring and life
support products, in-vitro diagnostic products and medical imaging systems. We provide after-sales
services to distributors and hospitals in China through 30 local offices based in provincial
capital cities. We also provide after-sales services to hospitals in the U.S., the United Kingdom
and France where we have direct sales.
We commenced operations in 1991 through our predecessor entity. We were incorporated as
Mindray International Holdings Limited in the Cayman Islands on June 10, 2005, an exempted company
with limited liability under the Companies Law, Cap. 22 (Law 3 of 1961, as consolidated and
revised) of the Cayman Islands, or the Companies Law. In March 2006, we changed our name to Mindray
Medical International Limited.
Our principal executive offices are located at Mindray Building, Keji 12th Road South, Hi-tech
Industrial Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, Peoples Republic of China, and our telephone number is
(86-755) 2658-2888. Our website address is http://www.mindray.com. Information on our website does
not constitute part of this prospectus supplement.
Recent Developments
Dividend Announcement
Our board of directors declared a cash dividend on our ordinary shares of $0.20 per share, based
on our net income for the full financial year of 2009. The cash dividend will be payable on or around April
11, 2010, to shareholders of record as of March 11, 2010.
Employee Share Incentive Plan Amendment
At our annual general meeting of shareholders held on December 15, 2009, our shareholders
approved an amendment to increase the number of shares that may be delivered pursuant to awards
granted under the our 2006 Employee Share Incentive Plan from 15 million to 21 million.
Board of Directors
At our annual general meeting of shareholders held on December 15, 2009, our shareholders
approved the reelection of directors Mr. Xu Hang, Mr. Chen Qingtai, and Mr. Ronald Ede, each to
serve a three-year term.
S-2
THE OFFERING
The
following assumes that the underwriter will not exercise its option to purchase additional ADSs in the offering, unless otherwise indicated.
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ADSs offered by us
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4,000,000 ADSs |
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Price per ADS
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$ per ADS |
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Over-allotment option
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We have granted the underwriter a 30-day option to purchase up to
additional ADSs from us to cover over-allotments at the public offering
price less the underwriting discount and commission. |
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Class A ordinary shares
outstanding immediately prior to
this offering
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80,480,456 shares |
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Class A ordinary shares
outstanding immediately after
this offering
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84,480,456 shares, excluding 7,616,791 shares
issuable pursuant to outstanding options and an additional 8,814,787
shares available for issuance under our employee share incentive plan. |
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Class B ordinary shares
outstanding immediately prior to
this offering
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29,619,907 shares |
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Class B ordinary shares outstanding immediately after this offering
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29,619,907 shares |
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Total ordinary shares
outstanding immediately after
this offering
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114,100,363 shares |
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The ADSs
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Each ADS represents one Class A ordinary share, par value HK$0.001 per share. The ADSs to
be delivered upon completion of this offering will be evidenced by a global ADR. |
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The depositary will be the holder of the Class A ordinary shares underlying your ADSs and
you will have rights as provided in the deposit agreement. |
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If we declare dividends on our ordinary shares, the depositary will pay you the cash
dividends and other distributions it receives on our Class A ordinary shares, after deducting
its fees and expenses. |
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You may surrender your ADSs to the depositary for delivery of Class A ordinary shares
underlying your ADSs. The depositary will charge you fees for surrenders. |
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We may amend or terminate the deposit agreement without your consent, and if you continue
to hold your ADSs, you agree to be bound by the deposit agreement as amended. |
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You should carefully read the section in the accompanying prospectus to this prospectus
supplement, Description of American Depositary Shares, to better understand the terms of the
ADSs. You should also read the deposit agreement, which is an exhibit to the registration
statement that includes this prospectus supplement. |
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New York Stock Exchange
trading symbol
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MR |
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Ordinary Shares
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Holders of Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares have the same rights except
for voting and conversion rights. Each Class A ordinary share is entitled to one vote on all
matters subject to shareholder vote, and each Class B ordinary share is entitled to five votes
on all matters subject to shareholder vote. Each Class B ordinary share is convertible into one
Class A ordinary share at any time by the holder thereof. Class A ordinary shares are not
convertible into Class B ordinary shares under any circumstances. Class B ordinary shares will
automatically and immediately convert into an equal number of Class A ordinary shares upon any
transfer to any person or entity which is not an affiliate of the transferor. |
S-3
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In addition, if the number of Class B ordinary shares issued and
outstanding is less than 20% of the total number of our issued and
outstanding ordinary shares, each issued and outstanding Class B ordinary
share will automatically convert into one Class A ordinary share, and we
will not issue any Class B ordinary shares thereafter. |
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Depositary
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The Bank of New York Mellon |
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Timing and settlement of ADSs
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The ADSs are expected to be
delivered against payment on March 9, 2010. |
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The global ADR evidencing the ADSs will be deposited with a custodian
for, and registered in the name of a nominee of, The Depository Trust
Company, or DTC, in New York, New York. In general, security entitlements
in the ADSs will be shown on, and transfers of these security
entitlements will be effected only through, records maintained by DTC and
its direct and indirect participants. |
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Use of proceeds
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We expect net proceeds from this
offering of approximately $
million (after deducting underwriting discounts and the
estimated offering expenses payable by us). We intend to use our
net proceeds from this offering for business development and for general corporate purposes. See Use of Proceeds. |
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Risk factors
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See Risk Factors and other information included in this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus for a discussion of risks you should carefully consider before deciding
to invest in our ADSs. |
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Lock-up
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We and each of our directors and
executive officers have agreed, subject to certain exceptions, for a period of 60 days
after the date of this prospectus supplement not to sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any
of our ordinary shares or ADSs representing our Class A ordinary shares. See Underwriting. |
S-4
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus supplement contains or incorporates by reference statements that constitute
forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, and Section 21E
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Any statements that do not relate to
historical or current facts or matters are forward-looking statements. You can identify some of the
forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking words, such as may, will, could,
should, expects, anticipates, intends, projects, predicts, plans, believes, seeks
and estimates and variations of these words and similar expressions. Statements concerning
current conditions may also be forward-looking if they imply a continuation of current conditions.
Forward-looking statements include statements regarding, among other matters:
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our goals and strategies; |
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our future business development, financial condition and results of operations,
including our unaudited operating results for the year ended December 31, 2009; |
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the projected growth of the medical device industry in China and internationally; |
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the effects of the current global economic crisis and global macroeconomic conditions on
our business; |
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the effects of our acquisition of and integration of Datascopes patient monitoring device
business; |
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our expansion plans; |
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relevant government policies and regulations relating to the medical device industry; |
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market acceptance of our products; |
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our expectations regarding demand for our products; |
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our ability to expand our production, our sales and distribution network and
other aspects of our operations, including our sales and service offices, our
manufacturing facilities in Shenzhen, and our research and development and
manufacturing facility in Nanjing; |
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our ability to stay abreast of market trends and technological advances; |
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our ability to effectively protect our intellectual property rights and not
infringe on the intellectual property rights of others; |
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our plan to launch new products in the future; |
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our intention to pay annual cash dividends to our shareholders; |
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competition in the medical device industry in China and internationally; and |
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general economic and business conditions in the countries where our products are sold. |
We caution you that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees
of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual
results, performance or achievements or the industry to differ materially from our future results,
performance or achievements, or those of the industry, expressed or implied in such forward-looking
statements. We urge you to carefully review the disclosures we make concerning risks and other
factors that may affect our business and operating results, including those made in this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and as such risk factors may be updated in subsequent
SEC filings, as well as our other reports filed with the SEC. We caution you not to place undue
reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this prospectus
supplement. We do not intend, and we undertake no obligation, to update any forward-looking
information to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this prospectus supplement or to
reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, unless required by law to do so.
S-5
RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider the risks described below, those in our annual report on
Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2008 and in the accompanying prospectus, as well as the
other information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus before you decide to buy our ADSs. The risks described below, incorporated
by reference in this prospectus supplement and described in the accompanying prospectus are not the
only risks facing us. We may face additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or
that we currently deem to be immaterial. Any of the risks described below, incorporated by
reference in this prospectus supplement or described in the accompanying prospectus, and any such
additional risks, could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of
operations. In such case, you may lose all or part of your original investment.
Risks Related to Our Business
The audit of our financial information as of and for the year ended December 31, 2009 has not been
completed and the financial information disclosed in this prospectus
supplement for such period is subject to adjustment. Our actual financial results
may materially differ from our current expectations.
We
present certain financial information as of and for the year ended December 31, 2009 in the
prospectus supplement. Our financial statements as of and for the
year ended December 31, 2009 are not yet available, and our audit of this financial information has not been completed and remains
subject to adjustments. Adjustments made during the finalization of our audit could cause our
financial results to materially differ from our current expectations, which could cause the market
price of our ADSs to decline.
Risks Related to This Offering
Our management has broad discretion over the use of proceeds from this offering.
Our management has significant flexibility in applying the proceeds that we receive from this
offering. Although we intend to use the proceeds from this offering
primarily for business development and general corporate purposes, our board of directors retains
significant discretion with respect to the use of proceeds. The proceeds of this offering may be
used in a manner that does not generate favorable returns.
The market price of our ADSs has been volatile and could continue to be volatile, leading to the
possibility of their value being depressed at a time when you want to sell your holdings.
The trading prices of our ADSs have been and
are likely to continue to be volatile. Between January 1, 2009 and
March 2, 2010, the trading price of our ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange has ranged from
$12.34 to $40.35 per ADS, and the last reported sale price on March
2, 2010 was $39.16 per ADS. The trading prices of our ADSs could fluctuate widely in response to factors beyond our
control. Broad market and industry factors may significantly affect the market price and volatility
of our ADSs, regardless of our actual operating performance.
In addition to market and industry factors, the price and trading volume for our ADSs may
be highly volatile for specific business reasons. In particular, factors such as variations in our
revenues, earnings and cash flow, announcements of new investments or acquisitions could cause the
market price for our ADSs to change substantially. Any of these factors may result in large and
sudden changes in the volume and trading price of our ADSs. In the past, following periods of
volatility in the market price of a companys securities, shareholders have often instituted
securities class action litigation against that company. If we were involved in a class action
suit, it could divert the attention of senior management, and, if adversely determined, could have
a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
We cannot predict the effect that this offering will have on the volume or trading price of
our ADSs. The market price of our ADSs may fall below the public offering price and you may be
unable able to sell ADSs acquired in this offering at a price equal to or greater than the offering
price.
Future sales or perceived sales of our ordinary shares or ADSs could depress the price of our
ADSs.
We and each of our directors and executive officers have agreed with the underwriters
that, without the prior written consent of Jefferies & Company, Inc., subject to certain
exceptions, neither we nor any of our directors or executive officers will, for a period of 60 days
following the date of this prospectus supplement, offer, sell or contract to sell any of our ADSs, ordinary
shares or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any of our ADSs or
ordinary shares. See Underwriting. The ordinary shares and ADSs subject to these lock-up
agreements will become eligible for sale in the public market upon expiration of these lock-up
agreements, subject to limitations imposed by Rule 144 under the Securities Act. See
Shares Eligible for Future Sale. If the holders of the ordinary
S-6
shares or ADSs were to attempt to sell a substantial amount of their holdings at once, the
market price of our ADSs could decline. Moreover, the perceived risk of this potential dilution
could cause shareholders to attempt to sell their ordinary shares or ADSs and investors to short
our ADSs, a practice in which an investor sells ADSs that he or she does not own at prevailing
market prices, hoping to purchase ADSs later at a lower price to cover the sale. As each of these
events would cause the number of ADSs being offered for sale to increase, the market price of our
ADSs would likely further decline. All of these events could combine to make it impracticable of
impossible for us to sell equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and price
that we deem appropriate.
You may face difficulties in protecting your interests, and our ability to protect our rights
through the U.S. federal courts may be limited, because we are incorporated under Cayman Islands
law.
Our corporate affairs are governed by our amended and restated memorandum and articles
of association, the Cayman Islands Companies Law and the common law of the Cayman Islands. The
rights of shareholders to take action against the directors and actions by minority shareholders
are to a large extent governed by the common law of the Cayman Islands. Cayman Islands law in this
area may not be as established and may differ from provisions under statues or judicial precedent
in existence in the United States. As a result, our public shareholders may face different
considerations in protecting their interests in actions against our management or directors than
would shareholders of a corporation incorporated in a jurisdiction of the United States.
The rights of shareholders and the responsibilities of management and members of the
board of directors under Cayman Islands law, such as in the areas of fiduciary duties, are
different from those applicable to a company incorporated in a jurisdiction of the United States.
For example, the Cayman Islands courts are unlikely:
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to recognize or enforce against us judgments of courts of
the United States based on certain civil liability
provisions of US federal securities laws; and |
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in original actions brought in the Cayman Islands, to
impose liabilities against us based on certain civil
liability provisions of US federal securities laws that
are penal in nature. |
As a result, our public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in
connection with actions taken by our management or members of our board of directors than they
would as public shareholders of a company incorporated in the United States.
Certain judgments obtained against us by our shareholders may not be enforceable.
We are a Cayman Islands company and the substantial majority of our assets are located outside
of the United States. A substantial majority of our current operations are conducted in the PRC. In
addition, most of our directors and officers are nationals and residents of countries other than
the United States. A substantial portion of the assets of these persons are located outside the
United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for you to bring an action against us
or against these individuals in the United States in the event that you believe that your rights
have been infringed under the U.S. federal securities laws or otherwise. Even if you are successful
in bringing an action of this kind, the laws of the Cayman Islands and of the PRC may render you
unable to enforce a judgment against our assets or the assets of our directors and officers. For
more information regarding the relevant laws of the Cayman Islands and China, see Enforcement of
Civil Liabilities in the accompanying prospectus to this
prospectus supplement.
You may be subject to limitations on transfer of your ADSs.
Your ADSs represented by ADRs are transferable on the books of the depositary. However, the
depositary may close its books at any time or from time to time when it deems expedient in
connection with the performance of its duties. The depositary may close its books from time to time
for a number of reasons, including in connection with corporate events such as a rights offering,
during which time the depositary needs to maintain an exact number of ADS holders on its books for
a specified period. The depositary may also close its books in emergencies, and on weekends and
public holidays. The depositary may refuse to deliver, transfer or register transfers of our ADSs
generally when our books or the books of the depositary are closed, or at any time if we or the
depositary thinks it is advisable to do so because of any requirement of law or any government or
governmental body, or under any provision of the deposit agreement, or for any other reason.
If we pay dividends or make other distributions on our ordinary shares, you may not receive
them or any value for them if it is illegal or impractical to make them available to you.
The depositary of our ADSs has agreed to pay to you the cash dividends or other
distributions it or the
S-7
custodian receives on our Class A ordinary shares or other deposited securities after
deducting its fees, charge, and expenses and any taxes withheld, duties or governmental charges.
You will receive these distributions in proportion to the number of Class A ordinary shares your
ADSs represent as of the record date (which will be as close as practicable to the record date for
our ordinary shares). However, the depositary is not responsible if it decides that it is illegal
or impractical to make a distribution available to any holders of ADSs. For example, the depositary
may determine that it is not feasible to distribute certain property through the mail.
Additionally, the value of certain distributions may be less than the cost of mailing them. In
these cases, the depositary may determine not to distribute such property. We have no obligation to
register under U.S. securities laws any ADSs, Class A ordinary shares, rights or other securities
received through such distributions. We also have no obligation to take any other action to permit
the distribution of ADSs, Class A ordinary shares, rights or anything else to holders of ADSs. This
means that you may not receive any distributions we make on our Class A ordinary shares or any
value for them if it is illegal or impractical to make them available to you. These restrictions
may have a material adverse effect on the value of your ADSs.
Our failure to obtain the prior approval of the China Securities Regulatory Commission, or the
CSRC, of the listing and trading of our ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange could have a material
adverse effect on our business, operating results, reputation and trading price of our ADSs, and
may also create uncertainties for this offering.
On August 8, 2006, six PRC regulatory agencies, namely the Ministry of Commerce, the State
Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, the State Administration for Taxation, the State
Administration for Industry and Commerce, the CSRC and the State Administration of Foreign
Exchange, jointly issued the Regulation on Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Companies by
Foreign Investors, or the New M&A Rule, which became effective on September 8, 2006. This new
regulation, among other things, has certain provisions that require offshore special purpose
vehicles, or SPVs, formed for the purpose of acquiring Chinese domestic companies and directly or
indirectly established or controlled by Chinese entities or individuals, to obtain the approval of
the CSRC prior to publicly listing their securities on an overseas stock market. On September 21,
2006, the CSRC published on its official website procedures regarding its approval of overseas
listings by SPVs. The CSRC approval procedures require the filing of a number of documents with the
CSRC and it would take several months to complete the approval process if a waiver is not
available.
We completed the initial offering and listing of our ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange on
September 29, 2006. The application of this PRC regulation remains unclear with no consensus
currently existing among the leading PRC law firms regarding the scope and applicability of the
CSRC approval requirement. We did not seek CSRC approval in connection with either our initial
public offering or our secondary offering in February 2007.
Our PRC counsel, Jun He Law Offices, has advised us that because we completed our
restructuring before September 8, 2006, the effective date of the new regulation, it was not and is
not necessary for us to submit the application to the CSRC for its approval of our initial public
offering, the secondary offering in February 2007 or this offering, and the listing and trading of
our ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange does not require CSRC approval. Should an application for
CSRC approval be required from us, we have a legal basis to apply for a waiver from the CSRC, if
and when such procedures are established to obtain such a waiver.
If the CSRC or another PRC regulatory agency subsequently determines that the CSRCs approval
was required for our initial public offering, the secondary offering in 2007, or is required for
this offering, we may face regulatory actions or other sanctions from the CSRC or other PRC
regulatory agencies. These regulatory agencies may impose fines and penalties on our operations in
the PRC, limit our operating privileges in the PRC, delay or restrict the repatriation of our net
proceeds from this offering into the PRC, or take other actions that could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, reputation and prospects, as
well as the trading price of our ADSs. The CSRC or other PRC regulatory agencies also may take
actions requiring us, or making it advisable for us, to delay or cancel this offering before
settlement and delivery of the ADSs offered hereby. Consequently, if you engage in market trading
or other activities in anticipation of and prior to settlement and delivery, you do so at the risk
that settlement and delivery may not occur.
Also, if later the CSRC requires that we obtain its approval, we may be unable to obtain a
waiver of the CSRC approval requirements, if and when procedures are established to obtain such a
waiver. Any uncertainties and/or negative publicity regarding this CSRC approval requirement could
have a material adverse effect on the trading price of our ADSs.
S-8
Your voting rights as a holder of our ADSs are limited by the terms of the deposit agreement.
You may only exercise your voting rights with respect to the Class A ordinary shares
underlying your ADSs in accordance with the provisions of the deposit agreement. Upon receipt of
voting instructions from you in the manner set forth in the deposit agreement, the depositary for
our ADSs will endeavor to vote your underlying Class A ordinary shares in accordance with these
instructions. Under our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association and Cayman
Islands law, the minimum notice period required for convening a general meeting is ten days. When a
general meeting is convened, you may not receive sufficient notice of a shareholders meeting to
permit you to withdraw your Class A ordinary shares to allow you to cast your vote with respect to
any specific matter at the meeting. In addition, the depositary and its agents may not be able to
send voting instructions to you or carry out your voting instructions in a timely manner. We will
make all reasonable efforts to cause the depositary to extend voting rights to you in a timely
manner, but you may not receive the voting materials in time to ensure that you can instruct the
depositary to vote your shares. Furthermore, the depositary and its agents will not be responsible
for any failure to carry out any instructions to vote, for the manner in which any vote is cast or
for the effect of any such vote. As a result, you may not be able to exercise your right to vote
and you may lack recourse if your Class A ordinary shares are not voted as you requested.
The depositary for our ADSs will give us a discretionary proxy to vote our Class A ordinary shares
underlying your ADSs if you do not vote at shareholders meetings, except in limited circumstances,
which could adversely affect your interests.
Under the deposit agreement for our ADSs, the depositary will give us a discretionary
proxy to vote our Class A ordinary shares underlying your ADSs at shareholders meetings if you do
not vote, unless:
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we have failed to timely provide the depositary with our notice of meeting and related voting materials; |
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we have instructed the depositary that we do not wish a discretionary proxy to be given; |
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we have informed the depositary that there is substantial opposition as to a matter to be voted on at
the meeting; or |
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a matter to be voted on at the meeting would have a material adverse impact on shareholders. |
The effect of this discretionary proxy is that you cannot prevent our Class A ordinary shares
underlying your ADSs from being voted, absent the situations described above, and it may make it
more difficult for shareholders to influence the management of our company.
You may be subject to limitations on transfer of your ADSs.
Your ADSs are transferable on the books of the depositary. However, the depositary may
close its transfer books at any time or from time to time when it deems expedient in connection
with the performance of its duties. In addition, the depositary may refuse to deliver, transfer or
register transfers of ADSs generally when our books or the books of the depositary are closed, or
at any time if we or the depositary thinks it advisable to do so because of any requirement of law
or of any government or governmental body, or under any provision of the deposit agreement, or for
any other reason.
You
may not be able to participate in rights offerings and may experience dilution of your
holdings.
We may, from time to time, distribute rights to our shareholders, including rights to
acquire securities. Under the deposit agreement, the depositary will not distribute rights to
holders of ADSs unless the distribution and sale of rights and the securities to which these rights
relate are either exempt from registration under the Securities Act with respect to all holders of
ADSs, or are registered under the provisions of the Securities Act. The depositary may, but is not
required to, attempt to sell these undistributed rights to third parties, and may allow the rights
to lapse. We may be unable to establish an exemption from registration under the Securities Act,
and we are under no obligation to file a registration statement with respect to these rights or
underlying securities or to endeavor to have a registration statement declared effective.
Accordingly, holders of ADSs may be unable to participate in our rights offerings and may
experience dilution of their holdings as a result.
S-9
MARKET PRICE INFORMATION FOR OUR AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES
Our ADSs are traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol MR. Public trading of
our ADSs commenced on September 29, 2006. Each ADS represents one of our Class A ordinary shares.
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Annual Highs and Lows |
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High |
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Low |
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2006 (from September 29) |
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$ |
26.20 |
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$ |
15.55 |
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2007 |
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44.26 |
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22.58 |
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2008 |
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43.61 |
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12.34 |
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2009 |
|
|
34.80 |
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17.15 |
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Quarterly Highs and Lows |
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First Quarter 2008 |
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41.66 |
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25.66 |
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Second Quarter 2008 |
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41.49 |
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29.82 |
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Third Quarter 2008 |
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43.61 |
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|
31.47 |
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Fourth Quarter 2008 |
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33.79 |
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|
12.34 |
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First Quarter 2009 |
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24.13 |
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17.15 |
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Second Quarter 2009 |
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29.23 |
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|
19.73 |
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Third Quarter 2009 |
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33.92 |
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|
26.47 |
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Fourth Quarter 2009 |
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34.80 |
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|
28.89 |
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First Quarter 2010 (through
March 2) |
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40.35 |
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34.01 |
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Monthly Highs and Lows |
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September 2009 |
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32.87 |
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30.66 |
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October 2009 |
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33.00 |
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29.90 |
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November 2009 |
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34.09 |
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28.89 |
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December 2009 |
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34.80 |
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|
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30.24 |
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January 2010 |
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39.50 |
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34.87 |
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February 2010 |
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38.16 |
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34.02 |
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March 2010 (through March 2). |
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39.40 |
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37.17 |
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On
March 2, 2010, the last reported sale price of our ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange
was $39.16 per ADS.
S-10
DIVIDEND POLICY
We intend to pay annual cash dividends to our shareholders. Cash dividends, if any, will be at
the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon our future operations and earnings,
capital requirements and surplus, general financial conditions, shareholders interests,
contractual restrictions and other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant. We can pay
dividends only out of profits or other distributable reserves.
In addition, our ability to pay dividends depends substantially on the payment of dividends to
us by our operating subsidiary, Shenzhen Mindray. Shenzhen Mindray may pay dividends only out of
its accumulated distributable profits, if any, determined in accordance with its articles of
association, and the accounting standards and regulations in China. Moreover, pursuant to relevant
PRC laws and regulations applicable to our subsidiaries in the PRC, Shenzhen Mindray is required to
provide 10% of its after-tax profits to a statutory common reserve fund. When the aggregate balance
in the statutory common reserve fund (also referred to as statutory surplus reserve) is 50% or
more of the subsidiaries registered capital, our subsidiaries need not make any further
allocations to the fund. Shenzhen Mindrays registered capital is RMB350 million. Allocations to
these statutory reserves can only be used for specific purposes and are not distributable to us in
the form of loans, advances or cash dividends. The specific purposes for which statutory common
reserve funds can be used include provision of a source of reserve funds to make up deficits in
periods in which Shenzhen Mindray has net losses, expansion of production and operations of
Shenzhen Mindray, or for conversion into additional working capital in periods in which Shenzhen
Mindray does not have a deficit. Furthermore, if Shenzhen Mindray incurs debt on its own behalf,
the instruments governing the debt may restrict its ability to pay dividends or make other payments
to us. Any limitation on the payment of dividends by our subsidiary could materially and adversely
limit our ability to grow, make investments or acquisitions that could be beneficial to our
businesses, pay dividends and otherwise fund and conduct our businesses.
We
paid cash dividends of $15.9 million, $19.3 million and
$21.6 million in 2007, 2008, and
2009, respectively.
Holders of ADSs will be entitled to receive dividends, subject to the terms of the deposit
agreement, to the same extent as holders of our Class A ordinary shares, less the fees and expenses
payable under the deposit agreement. Cash dividends will be paid by the depositary to holders of
ADSs in US dollars. Other distributions, if any, will be paid by the depositary to holders of our
ADSs in any means it deems legal, fair and practical. See Description of American Depositary
Shares Dividends and Other Distributions in the accompanying prospectus.
USE OF PROCEEDS
We
will receive net proceeds from this offering of approximately
$ million, after
deducting underwriting discounts and the estimated offering expenses
payable by us. We intend to use the net proceeds we receive from
this offering for business development and for general corporate purposes.
The foregoing description of the uses of the net proceeds of this offering represents our current
intentions based upon our current plans and the status of our business. The amounts and timing of
any expenditure will vary depending on the amount of cash generated by our operations, competitive
developments and the rate of growth, if any, of our business. Accordingly, our management will have
significant discretion in the allocation of the net proceeds we will receive from this offering.
Depending on future events and other changes in the business climate, we may determine at a later
time to use the net proceeds for different purposes.
S-11
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth our capitalization on an actual basis as of December 31, 2009,
and on an as-adjusted basis to reflect the offer and sale by us of
4,000,000 ADSs after deducting estimated underwriting
discounts and estimated expenses payable by us.
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As of December 31, 2009 |
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Actual |
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As-Adjusted |
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(in thousands) |
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(unaudited) |
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Total debt |
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169,128 |
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Shareholders equity |
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Class A ordinary shares (HK$0.001 par value per
share: 4,000,000,000 shares authorized; 80,480,456 shares issued and outstanding,
actual; 29,619,907 shares issued and outstanding, as adjusted) |
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10 |
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Class B ordinary shares (HK$0.001 par value per
share: 1,000,000,000 authorized and 29,619,907 shares issued and outstanding, actual and as
adjusted) |
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4 |
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Additional paid-in capital |
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298,408 |
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Retained earnings |
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301,476 |
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Accumulated
other comprehensive income |
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40,651 |
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Total shareholders equity |
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640,549 |
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Noncontrolling
interest |
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2 |
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Total equity |
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640,551 |
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Total capitalization |
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809,679 |
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As of the date of this prospectus supplement, there has been no material change to our
capitalization as set forth above.
S-12
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
On March 1, 2010, we announced selected unaudited financial results as of and for the year
ended December 31, 2009. In addition to our selected 2009 unaudited financial results, the
discussion below includes information relevant to the understanding of our financial condition and
results of operation as well as certain operating results for 2007 and 2008. You should read the
following discussion together with the prior period financial statements and related notes
incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.
The audit of our financial information as of and for the year ended December 31, 2009 has not
been completed. Therefore, this information is subject to adjustments based upon, among other
things, the finalization of our year-end closing, annual audit and reporting processes. Given the
preliminary nature of this information, our actual financial results may materially differ from our
current expectations. This discussion also includes forward-looking statements that involve risks
and uncertainties. You should review the section titled Risk Factors of this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus for a discussion of important factors that could cause
our actual results and the timing of selected events to differ materially from those described in
or implied by these forward-looking statements.
For additional information regarding the various risks and uncertainties inherent in such
estimates, see Risk FactorsRisks Relating to Our BusinessThe audit of our financial
information as of and for the year ended December 31, 2009 has not been completed and the financial
information is subject to adjustments. Our actual financial results may materially differ from our
current expectations, and Forward-Looking Statements.
Overview
We are a leading developer, manufacturer and marketer of medical devices worldwide. We
maintain our global headquarters in Shenzhen, China, U.S. headquarters in Mahwah, New Jersey, and
sales offices in major international markets. From our main manufacturing and engineering base in
China and through our worldwide distributor and direct sales networks, we supply internationally a
broad range of products across our three primary business segments: patient monitoring and life
support products, in-vitro diagnostic products, and medical imaging systems. We currently offer
over 70 products across these three segments.
Our overall net revenues increased from $294.3 million in 2007 to $547.5 million in 2008 and
to $634.2 million in 2009. Our net income increased from $78.0 million in 2007 to $108.7 million
in 2008 and to $139.2 million in 2009. These increases reflect both organic growth and the
Datascope acquisition.
Geographically, our net revenues outside of China increased from $148.8 million in 2007 to
$313.0 million in 2008, or from 50.6% to 57.2% of our total net revenues. This increase primarily
reflects the increased international penetration resulting from new direct operations provided by
the Datascope acquisition, and expanded and new indirect operations. Net revenues outside of China
also increased as a result of the positive impact of new and enhanced product introductions. Our
net revenues generated outside China increased from $313.0 million in 2008 to $341.6 million in
2009, representing a decrease as a percentage of total net revenues from 57.2% to 53.9%. The
increase in dollar terms primarily reflects a full year of net revenues contribution from the
Datascope acquisition. The decrease in percentage terms reflects the global economic downturn,
which was generally felt more strongly outside of China.
We sell our products through different distribution channels in different geographies. In
China, due primarily to geographic size and the costs that would be associated with maintaining a
nationwide direct sales force, we sell our products primarily to third-party distributors. We believe we have
one of the largest distribution, sales and service networks for medical devices in China with more
than 2,400 distributors and approximately 1,200 sales and sales support personnel as of
December 31, 2009. In China, we also sell our products directly to hospitals, clinics, government
health bureaus, and to ODM and OEM customers. While we intend to continue selling our products in
China primarily to distributors, we are also seeking to expand our geographic coverage and build
brand recognition by establishing direct sales channels and increasing marketing activities.
Outside
of China, we sell our products through more than 1,500 third-party distributors and
our sales force of approximately 150 based in the U.S., the United Kingdom, and France as
of December 31, 2009. We intend to continue investing in international sales channels, including
the localization of sales staff in international offices.
We believe that the localization of sales staff in international
offices improves our net revenues growth prospects, and helps us
gain improved market information that we use when developing new or
enhanced products.
S-13
We have made and expect to continue making substantial investments in research and development
activities, investing approximately 10% of our net revenues in research and development in 2007,
2008, and 2009. We currently have research and development centers located in Shenzhen, Beijing,
and Nanjing, China. We also maintain research and development centers in Seattle, Washington,
Mahwah, New Jersey, and Stockholm, Sweden. We believe that our emphasis on research and
development is a core competency that has allowed us to achieve our historic growth and provides us
with ongoing growth possibilities. We maintain what we believe is the largest research and
development team of any medical device manufacturer based in China. As of December 31, 2009, we
had more than 1,400 engineers in multiple research and development centers in both China and the
U.S. Our research and development headquarters in Shenzhen coordinates our global research and
development efforts, leveraging the core competencies of each of our centers.
Pricing
We sell our products both through our direct sales force and to distributors. In markets
where we rely on distributors, we price our products at levels that we believe offer attractive
economic returns to distributors, taking into account the prices of competing products and our
gross margins. Where we rely on direct sales, we price our products based primarily on market
conditions. We believe that we offer products with a more favorable ratio of functionality to cost
than our competitors.
The average selling prices of our products typically decrease over time due to natural price
erosion. With the current global economic downturn, we are facing more pricing pressures, which we
anticipate will continue in the near term. In China and other developing markets, we anticipate
average selling price declines generally in line with our prior experiences. However, we face some
pricing uncertainty related to foreign currency fluctuations, which can affect purchasing power in
international markets. Furthermore, our China sales include government tender sales, which tend
to have higher sales volumes but lower average selling prices.
Currency fluctuations have not had a material impact on our pricing.
Revenues
Our customer base is widely dispersed on a geographic basis, with sales into more than 160
countries. China is our largest market by a significant margin. In the near term, we anticipate
revenues from sales in China will increase as a percentage of our total revenues due primarily to:
(i) the growing private market for healthcare, driven by increasing wealth; (ii) the increasing
availability of health insurance; and (iii) anticipated increases in government healthcare
spending, particularly that directed at county-level hospitals. Chinas economy also appears to
have generally fared better compared to most developed markets where we sell our products.
However, in the long term, we anticipate that net revenues from sales outside of China will
increase as a percentage of our total revenues because the addressable medical device market
outside of China is substantially larger than the China market.
For our sales in China, we present revenues net of value-added tax, or VAT. VAT represents
the amount we collect from our customers at 17% offset by the VAT refund pursuant to Certain
Policies to Encourage the Development of Software and Integrated Circuit Industries as New and High
Technology Enterprises at a rate of 14% of the sales value for self-developed software embedded in
our devices. In September 2008, pursuant to Cai Shui 2008 No. 92 jointly issued by the PRC
governments Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation, we were able to receive
a VAT refund for sales of our embedded software on a retroactive basis. As we did not
have prior experience in claiming the VAT refund under Cai Shui 2008 No. 92, the refund
relating to sales of our embedded software during the period from January 2006 to June 2008 was
only included in our net revenues when the refund claims had been approved by the PRC State
Administration of Taxation in 2008. The refund relating to the sales of our embedded software
during the period from July 2008 to December 2008, which was approved by the PRC State
Administration of Taxation in the first quarter 2009, was included in
our 2009 net revenues. Subsequently, we
recognized the refund due from sales of our embedded software in 2009 on an as-accrued basis. Based
on current PRC regulations, this refund will be available until the end of 2010. The PRC
government may or may not choose to renew such policy. The amount of the VAT refund included in
revenues was $nil, $21.8 million, and $24.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and
2009, respectively.
In recent years, due to our expanding market presence outside China, our net revenues from
outside China, particularly in Europe and North America, increased as a percentage of our total net
revenues. However, due in large part to the global economic downturn, currency fluctuations and
uncertainty surrounding potential United States healthcare reforms, this trend reversed in 2009,
and we believe in the near term that our net revenues from
sales to the North American and European markets will grow more slowly than our total net
revenues growth rate. However, we anticipate significant revenue growth in other developing markets,
particularly Asia Pacific, Latin and South America, and Africa.
S-14
Our customer base is also widely dispersed on a net revenues basis. In each of 2007, 2008 and
2009, no single customer accounted for more than 3.0% of our total net revenues.
We primarily derive revenues from three business segments: patient monitoring and life support
products, in-vitro diagnostic products and medical imaging systems. These business segments
accounted for 43.9%, 24.5% and 25.6% of our total net revenues in 2009, respectively. We also have
a business segment called others which includes primarily services revenues and occasional
revenues from contract research and development projects and other non-recurring revenue.
Patient Monitoring and Life Support Products. We derive revenues for our patient monitoring
and life support products segment from the sale of patient monitors and other life support and
related products. Our patient monitoring and life support products segment is our largest
business segment and has the most extensive market penetration of our three segments both
domestically and internationally. We expect to continue building market share with large hospitals
within and outside China and international markets with recently introduced products offering
increased functionality and more comprehensive features, as well as those in our short-term product
pipeline. Because this is our most developed product segment with relatively larger market share,
we anticipate that this segment will grow less quickly than our other two product segments.
In-Vitro Diagnostic Products. We derive revenues for our in-vitro diagnostic products segment
from diagnostic laboratory instruments and related reagents sales. Our current in-vitro diagnostic
products portfolio consists of two primary product categories: hematology analyzers and
biochemistry analyzers. We anticipate continued in-vitro diagnostic product revenue growth as we
further penetrate this market by developing and introducing products with more comprehensive
features. We also sell reagents for use with our products in both of these categories. Consumable
liquid reagents must be used each time an analysis is performed, generating a recurring revenue
stream. Diagnostic laboratory reagent sales
accounted for 19.9% of the segments 2009 net
revenues, up from 15.3% in 2008. We expect reagent sales to increase in real and percentage terms as
we build a sufficient concentration in our installed base of analyzers, coupled with more effective
marketing methods for our reagents.
Medical Imaging Systems. We derive medical imaging systems segment revenues from sales of
ultrasound systems, digital radiography products and related accessories. We anticipate that, on a
percentage basis, net revenues in our medical imaging systems segment in the near term will grow
more quickly than total net revenues, as we introduce higher-end products with increased
functionality, such as our DC-7 and forthcoming M-7 models, and further penetrate the medical
imaging systems market.
Others.
We derive revenues for our others segment from after-sales services as well as
research and development services performed for customers on an ODM basis. Research and
development income tends to be lumpy in nature.
We expect our others segment
may not follow the same growth rate as our primary segments. Our
others segment accounted for 6.0% of our total net revenue in 2009.
Our ability to increase our revenues depends in large part on our ability to increase the
market penetration of our existing products and successfully identify, develop, introduce and
commercialize, in a timely and cost-effective manner, new and upgraded products. We devote
resources to product development efforts that we believe are commercially feasible, can generate
significant revenues and margins and can be introduced into the market in the near term.
In any period, several factors will impact our net revenues, including:
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global economic conditions; |
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the level of acceptance of our products among hospitals and other healthcare
facilities; |
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our ability to attract and retain distributors, key customers and our direct sales
force; |
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new and potentially increased competition; |
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new product introductions by us and our competitors; |
S-15
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pricing pressures and our ability to price our products at levels that provide
favorable margins; |
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exchange rate fluctuations; |
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our ability to expand into and further penetrate international markets; |
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the availability of credit for our customers; |
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the continued availability of VAT refunds; |
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sales seasonality; |
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key governments and major group purchasing organizations
tender criteria changes, policy changes, review process changes, and
execution timing changes; |
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government tax policy changes such as China VAT software
refund policy; |
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healthcare-related policies that could lead to curtailed capital investments,
particularly in China and the United States; and |
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regulatory actions, such as those approving or denying products or product lines. |
For a detailed discussion of some of the factors that may cause our net revenues to fluctuate,
see Risk Factors Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry Our quarterly revenues and
operating results are difficult to predict and could fall below investor expectations, which could
cause the trading price of our ADSs to decline, in the accompanying prospectus.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of revenues includes our direct costs to manufacture our products, including component
and material costs, salaries and related personnel expenses, depreciation of plant and equipment
used for production purposes, shipping and handling costs and provisional costs of warranty-based
maintenance, repair services, and the cost of providing sales incentives.
Our cost of revenues as a percentage of our net revenues is driven by product mix,
distribution channel, and our pricing strategies in different markets. See Comparison of Years
Ended December 31, 2008, and December 31, 2009 Gross Profit and Gross Margin and Comparison
of Years Ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2008 Gross Profit and Gross Margin.
Enhanced products. When we introduce a new product that improves upon an existing product,
our cost of revenues is typically lower than for existing products in that category, as we take
advantage of previously achieved manufacturing efficiencies from the outset.
New product types and lines. Cost of revenues tends to be higher for new product types or
lines. Therefore, when we introduce a greater than average number of new product types or lines,
our cost of revenues as a percentage of net revenues tends to be higher. This is due primarily to
start-up costs and generally higher raw material and component costs due to lower initial
production volumes. As production volumes increase, we typically improve our manufacturing
efficiencies and are able to strengthen our purchasing power by buying raw materials and components
in greater quantities. Furthermore, when production volumes become sufficiently large, we often
gain further cost efficiencies by producing additional components in-house.
Over time, production costs for our products typically decrease due to our:
leveraging our understanding of component performance by identifying more
suitable and cost-effective components;
standardizing components across product models and product lines;
seeking to use adaptable and cost-effective software instead of hardware
where possible; and
actively managing our supply chain.
We currently have a relatively low cost base compared to medical device companies in more
developed countries because we source a significant portion of our raw materials and components and
manufacture a significant portion of our products in China. Furthermore, we continually seek to
improve cost of revenues by:
S-16
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|
|
leveraging our research and development capacities to improve manufacturing
efficiencies and product design, thereby reducing production costs; |
|
|
|
|
vertically integrating our manufacturing operations and realigning manufacturing
facilities, allowing us to increasingly produce product components in-house; |
|
|
|
|
strategically moving to China component and raw material production and product
assembly for our U.S. operations; |
|
|
|
|
generating economies of scale through increased purchase volumes and using more
common resources across product lines; and |
|
|
|
|
realigning our employees to leverage their core competencies and to reduce
redundancies. |
Historically, these efforts have typically enabled us to reduce our per unit cost of revenues
on a year-over-year basis. These positive effects have helped us maintain or improve gross margins
while facing pricing pressures, wage increases in China, and higher raw materials costs. We
believe we will continue facing each of these issues going forward.
Gross Profit and Gross Margin
Gross profit is equal to net revenues less cost of revenues. Gross margin is equal to gross
profit divided by net revenues. Between 2007 and 2009, we were able to maintain overall gross
margins between approximately 50% and 60%. In the near term, we anticipate that our overall gross
margin will remain within this range. While we will continue to seek to develop high gross margin
products, we are also developing complementary goods that can boost our total net revenues but may
have lower gross margins. For example, to augment our suite of patient monitoring device and life
support products, in 2009 we began offering surgical lights and surgical beds, which typically have
lower gross margins than other products we offer in this segment. However, because these are
complementary products, we believe the overall impact to net revenues and net income is positive,
as we can leverage our existing sales infrastructure.
Although the average sales prices of each of our products generally decreases over time, these
decreases have generally not had an adverse impact on our gross margins because in most instances
they result from our ability to reduce our cost of revenues, new product introductions and product
mix.
As
anticipated, gross margins were negatively impacted in 2008 by
existing products from the Datascope
acquisition, as these products had overall lower gross margins than our existing products.
Our ability to re-engineer the Datascope product line has
significantly improved our overall gross margin in that territory. Over
time, we expect to continue replacing or reengineering our products to
further improve gross margins in this area.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses consist of selling expenses, general and administrative expenses,
research and development expenses, and employee share-based compensation expenses.
Selling Expenses
Selling expenses consist primarily of compensation and benefits for our sales and marketing
staff, expenses for promotional, advertising, travel and
entertainment activities, contracted repair and maintenance services,
lease payments for our sales
offices, and depreciation expenses related to equipment used for sales and marketing activities.
In China, we primarily sell our products to distributors. Consequently, our China sales and
marketing expenses as a percentage of net revenues are significantly lower than manufacturers of
medical devices that primarily sell their products directly to end-users. While we intend to
continue to sell our products in China primarily to distributors, we also seek to expand our
coverage and build brand recognition by establishing direct sales channels and increasing marketing
activities, which may increase our selling expenses.
We expect that certain components of our selling expenses as a percentage of total net
revenues will increase as we invest in international sales channels, including the localization of
sales staff in international offices, sales channel management, product promotion, product
demonstration, and product training.
S-17
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and benefits for our
general management, finance, information systems, and administrative staff, depreciation and
amortization with respect to equipment used for general corporate purposes, professional advisor
fees, lease payments and other expenses incurred in connection with general corporate purposes. As
we leverage our existing operating structure, we anticipate that general and administrative
expenses will stabilize or even decline as a percentage of net revenues.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs associated with product design,
development, prototyping, manufacturing, and testing. Among other things, these costs include
compensation and benefits for our research and development staff, expenditures for supplies and
machinery, depreciation expenses related to equipment used for research and development activities,
and other relevant costs. We are committed to creating and maintaining what we believe is the
largest research and development team of any medical device manufacturer in China, and developing
and commercializing new and more advanced products. We therefore intend to continue investing
approximately 10% of our net revenues in research and development efforts.
Realignment Costs- Post Acquisition
Realignment
costs-post acquisition, are primarily personnel-related costs associated with a strategic
realignment of various business functions as part of our integration
process after the Datascope acquisition. This realignment includes
the migration of some manufacturing and assembly from Mahwah to
Shenzhen, reorganization of our global research and development team,
and the streamlining of certain support functions. We
anticipate that realignment costs-post acquisition will be lower in
2010 than in 2009, as the majority of our strategic realignment
expenses was incurred in 2009.
Employee Share-Based Compensation Expenses
We account for employee share-based compensation expenses based on the fair value of share
option or restricted share grants at the date of grant. In 2006, we adopted an employee
share-based compensation plan, pursuant to which certain members of our senior management and
certain of our key employees may receive non-vested shares or options to purchase ordinary shares.
These non-vested shares and options generally vest over a service period of three to five years
based on a graded vesting schedule and if the employees have met their performance targets based on
evaluation of each individual employee. We record employee share-based compensation expenses when
the performance condition becomes probable over the service period. We anticipate a new employee
share-based compensation structure beginning in 2010 that will be an annual award for employee
achievement in the prior year, without ongoing performance targets. The vesting period will be
over three years after the initial grant.
Other Income (Expense)
Other income (expense) is the sum of the line items other income, net plus interest income
less interest expense from our consolidated financial statements. Other income, net, consists
primarily of government subsidies
for the development of new high technology medical products and government incentives for making
high technology investments in our local region. We typically receive government subsidies or
government incentives on an irregular basis, and amounts received tend to fluctuate significantly.
While we intend to continue applying for government subsidies and government incentives, we may not
receive any. In the third quarter of 2009, we also recorded a non-recurring settlement fee from
Beckman Coulter, Inc. that resulted from its request to cancel an existing joint research and
development project. The agreement to cancel resulted from changes in business strategy by Beckman
Coulter, Inc. after it acquired the Olympus Diagnostic division.
Interest income represents interest income derived from cash deposits,
restricted cash and restricted investments. We also record other expenses,
which consist primarily of interest expense on our loan facilities.
Taxes and Incentives
Our company is a tax exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands and is not subject to
taxation under the current Cayman Islands law. Our subsidiaries operating in the PRC are subject
to PRC taxes as described below and the subsidiaries incorporated in the BVI are not subject to
taxation.
In
2007, the applicable income tax rate for Shenzhen Mindray was 15%. In March
2007, China passed the China Enterprise Income Tax Law, or the EIT Law, which became
effective on January 1, 2008. The New EIT Law establishes a
single unified 25% EIT rate for
most companies, with a preferential EIT rate of 15% for qualified New and High-Tech
Enterprises. Shenzhen Mindray obtained a qualification
certificate of New and Hi-Tech Enterprise status on December 16,
2008, with a valid period of three years starting from 2008 to 2010, and Beijing Mindray obtained a qualification certificate of
New and Hi-Tech Enterprise status on December 24, 2008, with a valid period
S-18
of three
years starting from 2008 to 2010. However, the continued qualification of a New and Hi-Tech
Enterprise for 2010 and beyond is subject to annual review by the relevant government authority in
China. Shenzhen Mindray and Beijing Mindray will need to apply for an additional three-year
extension upon the expiration of the current qualification
if they desire to continue
to enjoy the 15% reduced rate. Shenzhen Mindray was also recently awarded Nationwide Key Software
Enterprise status for calendar year 2009. Under the current tax policies for software and
integrated circuit industries, the status will allow Shenzhen Mindray to enjoy a single unified 10%
EIT rate applicable for the 2009 calendar year. We anticipate this status will
reduce our overall 2009 income taxes by approximately $8.6 million, which we will record in the
first quarter of 2010. Nationwide Key Software Enterprise status is granted on an annual basis and
is subject to annual review by the relevant government authority in China. Shenzhen Mindray may not
be granted this status for 2010 or in any future year.
Beijing
Mindray is entitled to an EIT exemption from 2005 to 2007, and is
entitled to a 50% tax reduction from 2008 to 2010.
Another
subsidiary in the PRC, Nanjing Mindray, was entitled to an EIT
exemption from 2008 to 2009, and is entitled to a 50% tax reduction from 2010 to 2012.
Pursuant to an EIT Law effective January 1, 2008 and subsequent interpretation, all FIEs
incorporated in the PRC are required to make provision for withholding tax when dividends are
declared out of post January 1, 2008 earnings. The applicable tax rate for dividends is generally
10% subject to reduction by the applicable tax treaties in the PRC. Our subsidiaries in the PRC are subject to the EIT Law and are required to withhold income
tax from their immediate parent holding companies when they declare
dividends out of post-January 1,
2008 retained earnings.
Due to the pending or potential expiration of preferential tax treatments and financial
incentives currently available to us, our historic operating results may not be indicative of our
operating results for future periods. See Risk Factors Risks Related to Doing Business in
China The discontinuation of any of the preferential tax treatments or the financial incentives
currently available to us in the PRC could adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations, in the accompanying prospectus to this prospectus supplement.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth our condensed consolidated statements of operations by amount
for the indicated periods. The financial information set forth herein
with respect to 2009 is preliminary and reflects the preliminary
results we announced publicly on March 1, 2010. These results
are unaudited and remains subject to change.
S-19
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
|
(In thousands, except for share and per share data) |
|
Net revenues |
|
$ |
294,296 |
|
|
$ |
547,527 |
|
|
$ |
634,183 |
|
Cost of revenues(a) |
|
|
(132,768 |
) |
|
|
(250,573 |
) |
|
|
(280,319 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit |
|
|
161,528 |
|
|
|
296,954 |
|
|
|
353,864 |
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling expenses(a) |
|
|
(41,083 |
) |
|
|
(80,088 |
) |
|
|
(106,142 |
) |
General and administrative expenses(a) |
|
|
(12,042 |
) |
|
|
(40,802 |
) |
|
|
(47,512 |
) |
Research and development expenses(a) |
|
|
(28,389 |
) |
|
|
(51,945 |
) |
|
|
(58,383 |
) |
Realignment costs post acquisition |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,215 |
) |
Expense of
in-progress research and development |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6,600 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income |
|
|
80,014 |
|
|
|
117,519 |
|
|
|
140,612 |
|
Other income, net |
|
|
2,357 |
|
|
|
4,918 |
|
|
|
25,525 |
|
Interest income |
|
|
9,726 |
|
|
|
8,361 |
|
|
|
6,574 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
(11 |
) |
|
|
(5,163 |
) |
|
|
(4,759 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
before income taxes and non-controlling interest |
|
|
92,086 |
|
|
|
125,635 |
|
|
|
167,952 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
(14,043 |
) |
|
|
(16,948 |
) |
|
|
(28,764 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$ |
78,043 |
|
|
$ |
108,687 |
|
|
$ |
139,188 |
|
Less: Net
income attributable to non-controlling interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
attributable to the Company |
|
$ |
78,043 |
|
|
$ |
108,687 |
|
|
$ |
139,188 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic earnings per share |
|
$ |
0.73 |
|
|
$ |
1.01 |
|
|
$ |
1.28 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted earnings per share |
|
$ |
0.69 |
|
|
$ |
0.96 |
|
|
$ |
1.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares used in computation of: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic earnings per share |
|
|
106,328,347 |
|
|
|
107,366,250 |
|
|
|
108,567,305 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted earnings per share |
|
|
112,678,984 |
|
|
|
113,364,756 |
|
|
|
113,025,775 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note (a):
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands) |
|
(Unaudited) |
Share-based compensation
charges incurred during the years
related to: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of revenues |
|
$ |
267 |
|
|
$ |
423 |
|
|
$ |
467 |
|
Selling expenses |
|
|
2,781 |
|
|
|
2,870 |
|
|
|
3,406 |
|
General and administrative expenses |
|
|
2,232 |
|
|
|
2,697 |
|
|
|
3,318 |
|
Research and development expenses |
|
|
2,430 |
|
|
|
2,731 |
|
|
|
3,047 |
|
Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2009
Net Revenues
The following table sets forth net revenues by geography and the percentage of our total net
revenues and net revenues by business segment for the years ended
December 31, 2008 and 2009:
S-20
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2009 (Unaudited) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
|
|
|
Net |
|
|
% of |
|
|
Net |
|
|
% of |
|
|
|
Revenues |
|
|
Total |
|
|
Revenues |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
|
|
|
|
Geographic Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
China |
|
$ |
234,454 |
|
|
|
42.8 |
% |
|
$ |
292,607 |
|
|
|
46.1 |
% |
Other Asia |
|
|
56,245 |
|
|
|
10.3 |
|
|
|
41,998 |
|
|
|
6.6 |
|
Europe |
|
|
95,023 |
|
|
|
17.4 |
|
|
|
75,574 |
|
|
|
11.9 |
|
North America |
|
|
94,600 |
|
|
|
17.3 |
|
|
|
107,455 |
|
|
|
16.9 |
|
Latin America |
|
|
46,559 |
|
|
|
8.5 |
|
|
|
56,561 |
|
|
|
8.9 |
|
Others |
|
|
20,646 |
|
|
|
3.7 |
|
|
|
59,988 |
|
|
|
9.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues |
|
$ |
547,527 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
634,183 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Patient monitoring and
life support products |
|
$ |
243,890 |
|
|
|
44.5 |
% |
|
$ |
278,082 |
|
|
|
43.9 |
% |
In-vitro diagnostic
products |
|
|
137,270 |
|
|
|
25.1 |
|
|
|
155,406 |
|
|
|
24.5 |
|
Medical imaging
systems |
|
|
138,973 |
|
|
|
25.4 |
|
|
|
162,470 |
|
|
|
25.6 |
|
Others |
|
|
27,394 |
|
|
|
5.0 |
|
|
|
38,225 |
|
|
|
6.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net segment
revenues |
|
$ |
547,527 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
634,183 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our total net revenues increased by $86.7 million, or 15.8% from $547.5 million in 2008 to
$634.2 million in 2009. This increase primarily reflects revenues growth in China, as well as a
full year of revenues contribution from the Datascope acquisition, compared to eight months in
2008.
On a geographic basis, net revenues generated in China increased by $58.2 million, or 24.8%,
from $234.5 million in 2008 to $292.6 million in 2009. This increase primarily reflects increased
revenues generated from increased private spending on healthcare in China, Chinas governmental
healthcare reform program, expanded product lines and improved sales strategies.
Net
revenues generated outside of China increased by $28.5 million,
or 9.1% from $313.0 million in 2008 to $341.6 million in 2009. As a percentage of total net revenues, net revenues
generated outside of China decreased from 57.2% in 2008 to 53.9% in 2009. This decrease primarily
reflects the global economic downturn, partially offset by a full year of net revenues contribution
from the Datascope operation in 2009 compared to eight months of net revenues
contribution in 2008.
Each of our business segments experienced net revenues growth in 2009. Net revenues in our
patient monitoring and life support products segment increased by $34.2 million, or 14.0%, from
$243.9 million in 2008 to $278.1 million in 2009. This growth resulted primarily from the
Datascope acquisition, increased sales of our Beneview series patient monitoring devices, and our
anesthesia machines. We also continued gaining market acceptance from the higher-tier market in
China.
Net revenues in our in-vitro diagnostic products segment increased by $18.1 million, or 13.2%,
from $137.3 million in 2008 to $155.4 million in 2009. This increase primarily reflects reagent
sales growth and sales growth for our BC-5300 five-part hematology analyzers and our BS-400 four
hundred tests per hour chemistry analyzers.
Net revenues in our medical imaging systems
business segment increased by $23.5 million, or
16.9%, from $139.0 million in 2008 to $162.5 million in 2009. This growth resulted primarily
from the introduction of our DC-3 color ultrasound and portable M-5 color ultrasound
systems.
S-21
Net revenues from others
increased from $27.4 million in 2008 to $38.2 million in 2009. This
growth resulted primarily from a full year of service-related income
contribution from the Datascope acquisition in 2009, compared to eight months
in 2008.
Cost of Revenues
Total cost of revenues as a percentage of total net revenues decreased from 45.8% in 2008 to
44.2% in 2009. This decrease was attributable primarily to a favorable change in product mix,
reduced cost of revenues for new products compared to existing products, raw materials and
components cost reductions, manufacturing efficiency improvements, and moving some production and
assembly from the U.S. to China. These savings were partially offset
by
our acquisition of Datascopes patient monitoring business, which has a higher overall cost of
revenues compared to our historical business.
We anticipated the negative impact from the acquisition, and have
gradually improved related cost of revenues.
Total cost of revenues increased from $250.6 million
in 2008 to $280.3 million in 2009. These increases were primarily due to increased sales volumes.
Gross Profit and Gross Margin
Total gross profit increased by $56.9 million, or 19.2%, from $297.0 million in 2008 to $353.9
million in 2009. Our consolidated gross margin was 54.2% in 2008 and 55.8% in 2009.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses primarily consist of selling expenses, general and administrative
expenses, research and development expenses and expense of in-progress research and development.
Operating expenses, as a percentage of total net revenue, increased from 32.8% in 2008 to 33.6% in
2009. The increase was primarily attributable to a full year of Datascope expenses in 2009,
compared to eight months in 2008, and operating our business with localized staff internationally
and in more developed countries, particularly those areas where we maintain a direct sales force.
Our operating expenses increased by $33.8 million, or 18.8%, from $179.4 million in 2008 to $213.3
million in 2009.
Selling Expenses
Our selling expenses, as a percentage of total net revenues, increased from 14.6% in 2008 to
16.7% in 2009. Our selling expenses increased by $26.1 million, or 32.5% from $80.1 million in
2008 to $106.1 million in 2009. The increases as a percentage of total net revenues from 2008 to
2009 were primarily attributable to the following:
|
|
|
a full-year effect from the Datascope acquisition, compared
to eight months in 2008; |
|
|
|
|
building our direct sales force infrastructure and localizing our indirect sales
management; |
|
|
|
|
international expansion in developed and developing countries, which tends to be
more expensive; |
|
|
|
|
increases in salaries and bonus payments resulting primarily from a growing sales
headcount, particularly on our international sales team; and |
|
|
|
|
increase in travel, marketing and training expenses; and |
|
|
|
|
an increase in share-based compensation expense. |
General and Administrative Expenses
Our general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of total net revenues, increased
slightly from 7.3% in 2008 to 7.5% in 2009. The increase was primarily attributable to overall
higher general and administrative costs in more developed countries, particularly the United
States, and increased overall corporate spending to support sales operation growth.
Our
general and administrative expenses increased from $40.8 million in 2008 to $47.5 million
in 2009. This increase was mainly attributable to the full year
effect as compared to eight months in 2008 after our acquisition of
Datascopes patient monitoring business. Increased is mostly
related to salaries and related compensation expenses. In addition,
we have also incurred additional expenditure in Information
Technology system and infrastructure by implementing SAP system in
the acquired Datascope operations covering the US and the European
regions.
S-22
Research and Development Expenses
Our research and development expenses, as a percentage of total net revenues, were 9.5% in
2008 and 9.2% in 2009. This improvement is due primarily to more effective utilization of our
engineering resources in Mahwah, New Jersey. Our research and development expenses increased by
$6.4 million, or 12.4%, from $51.9 million in
2008 to $58.4 million in 2009. This increase was primarily attributable to headcount
adjustments and salary increases.
Expense of In-Progress Research and Development
In 2008, we incurred a charge of $6.6 million related to
a write-off of in-progress research and development, an intangible
asset identified during the Datascope acquisition. In 2009, we did not record any charge for in-progress research and
development.
Other Income (Expense)
We
had other income, net, of $4.9 million in 2008 and $25.5 million in 2009. A majority of other
income in 2009 was related to $14.0 million of non-recurring income from a mutual termination of a
joint development and OEM chemical analyzer project with Beckman Coulter, Inc., and a government
subsidy of $11.6 million in connection with our research and development and manufacturing project
in Nanjing, net of other expenditures, we also had
$6.6 million in
interest income in 2009, mainly from investing our restricted cash as part of
the collateralized assets for the bank loans.
Our interest expense decreased from $5.2 million in 2008 to $4.8 million in 2009. This
decrease was primarily attributable to decreased interest on financing obtained for the Datascope
acquisition and interest on our working capital facilities as we paid
down outstanding principal and a reduction in interest rates.
Provision for Income Taxes
Provision for income taxes increased from $16.9 million in 2008 to $28.8 million in 2009. Our
overall effective tax was 13.5% and 17.1% in 2008 and 2009, respectively.
The increase in effective tax rate was partially due to an increase in deferred tax
liabilities of total $2.3 million in relation to withholding tax on proposed dividend to be declared by our
PRC subsidiary; and the amortization of goodwill that is recorded in
the tax
accounting but not in the statutory accounting. The increase was also
partially due to the recording of valuation allowances against some
of our deferred tax assets derived from operations outside China.
Net Income
As a result of the foregoing, net income increased from $108.7 million in 2008 to $139.2
million in 2009, while net margin increased from 19.9% in 2008 to 21.9% in 2009.
Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2008
Net Revenues
The following table sets forth net revenues by geography and the percentage of our total net
revenues and net revenues by business segment for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008:
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
|
|
|
Net |
|
|
% of |
|
|
Net |
|
|
% of |
|
|
|
Revenues |
|
|
Total |
|
|
Revenues |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
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|
|
|
|
Geographic Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
China |
|
$ |
145,493 |
|
|
|
49.4 |
% |
|
$ |
234,454 |
|
|
|
42.8 |
% |
Other Asia |
|
|
39,606 |
|
|
|
13.5 |
|
|
|
56,245 |
|
|
|
10.3 |
|
Europe |
|
|
54,033 |
|
|
|
18.4 |
|
|
|
95,023 |
|
|
|
17.4 |
|
North America |
|
|
20,018 |
|
|
|
6.8 |
|
|
|
94,600 |
|
|
|
17.3 |
|
Latin America |
|
|
22,501 |
|
|
|
7.6 |
|
|
|
46,559 |
|
|
|
8.5 |
|
Others |
|
|
12,645 |
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
|
|
20,646 |
|
|
|
3.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues |
|
$ |
294,296 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
547,527 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S-23
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
|
|
|
Net |
|
|
% of |
|
|
Net |
|
|
% of |
|
|
|
Revenues |
|
|
Total |
|
|
Revenues |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
|
|
|
|
Segment Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Patient monitoring and
life support products |
|
$ |
106,553 |
|
|
|
36.2 |
% |
|
$ |
243,890 |
|
|
|
44.5 |
% |
In-vitro diagnostic
products |
|
|
91,767 |
|
|
|
31.2 |
|
|
|
137,270 |
|
|
|
25.1 |
|
Medical imaging
systems |
|
|
91,522 |
|
|
|
31.1 |
|
|
|
138,973 |
|
|
|
25.4 |
|
Others |
|
|
4,454 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
|
|
|
27,394 |
|
|
|
5.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net segment
revenues |
|
$ |
294,296 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
547,527 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our total net revenues increased 86.0% from $294.3 million in 2007 to $547.5 million in 2008.
This increase resulted primarily from improved penetration in both our domestic and international
markets and our introduction of new products. Increases in 2008 were also driven by the Datascope
acquisition.
On a geographic basis, net revenues generated in China increased 61.1% from $145.5 million in
2007 to $234.5 million in 2008. This increase reflects increased sales generated from our new
products to existing and new customers as we added products that meet customer needs, and
additional sales resulting from increased government spending on healthcare in China.
Net revenues generated outside of China grew faster than net revenues generated in China,
increasing from $148.8 million in 2007 to $313.0 million in 2008, or 110.4% growth. As a
percentage of total net revenues, net revenues generated outside of China increased from 50.6% in
2007 to 57.2% in 2008. These increases reflect our improved penetration in international markets,
with sales into more than 160 countries in 2008. The 2008 increases also reflect the Datascope
acquisition.
Each of our business segments experienced significant net revenues growth in 2007 and 2008.
Net revenues in our patient monitoring and life support products segment increased from $106.6
million in 2007 to $243.9 million in 2008, or 128.9% growth. Growth was impacted by the Datascope
acquisition and increased sales of our Beneview series patient monitoring devices and our WATO
anesthesia machines. We also continued gaining market acceptance from the higher-tier market in
China.
Net revenues in our in-vitro diagnostic products segment increased from $91.8 million in 2007
to $137.3 million in 2008, or 49.6% growth. This growth resulted primarily from increased sales of
our existing in-vitro diagnostic products and the introduction in 2007 of our BC-5500 hematology
analyzer and our BS-200 and BS-400 chemistry analyzers.
Net revenues in our medical imaging systems business segment increased from $91.5 million in
2007 to $139.0 million in 2008, or 51.8% growth. This growth resulted primarily from increased
sales of our existing medical imaging systems and the introduction of our DC-6 ultrasound system in
2006. 2008 revenues were also boosted by the introduction of our DC-3 and portable M-5 ultrasound
systems.
Net revenues from others increased from $4.5 million in 2007 to $27.4 million in 2008. This
growth resulted primarily from our acquisition of Datascopes patient monitoring business, which
generated more service-related revenues.
Cost of Revenues
Total cost of revenues as a percentage of total net revenues was 45.1% in 2007 and 45.8% in
2008. This stability is attributable primarily to natural price erosion being offset by savings on
raw materials and components and improved manufacturing efficiencies. In 2008, cost of revenues as
a percentage of total net revenues was negatively affected by the acquisition of Datascopes
patient monitoring business, which has a higher overall cost of revenues compared to our historical
business. Total cost of revenues increased from $132.8 million in 2007 to $250.6 million in 2008,
representing 88.7% growth. This increase was primarily due to increased sales volumes.
Patient monitoring and life support devices
S-24
Cost
of revenues as a percentage of total net revenue increased from 45.1% in 2007 to
45.8% in 2008. The increase resulted from the acquisition of Datascopes patient monitoring
business, which has a higher overall cost of revenues compared to our historical business. In
particular, there was a $5.3 million provision for inventory obsolescence recorded in 2008 as a
result of a change in market conditions and estimates of forecasted net revenue levels.
In-vitro diagnostic products
Cost of revenues as a percentage of total net revenues decreased from 48.3% in 2007 to 44.5%
in 2008. The decrease was mainly attributable to higher volumes of reagent sales, which have lower
overall cost of revenues compared to equipment sales.
Medical imaging systems
Cost of revenues as a percentage of total net revenues decreased from 39.5% in 2007 to 34.6%
in 2008. The reduction in cost of revenues as a percentage of net revenues was primarily driven by
savings on components due to an increasing percentage of in-house manufacturing of probes.
Gross Profit and Gross Margin
Total gross profit increased from $161.5 million in 2007 to $297.0 million in 2008, or 83.8%
growth. Our consolidated gross margin was 54.9% in 2007 and 54.2% in 2008.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses primarily consist of selling expenses, general and administrative
expenses, research and development expenses and expense of in-progress research and development.
Operating expense, as a percentage of total net revenue, increased from 27.7% in 2007 to 32.8% in
2008. The increase was primarily attributable to the overall higher costs resulting from the
Datascope acquisition and operating our business with localized staff and in more developed
countries, particularly those areas where we maintain a direct sales force. Our operating expenses
increased from $81.5 million in 2007 to $179.4 million in 2008, representing 120.1% growth.
Selling Expenses
Our selling expenses, as a percentage of total net revenues, increased from 14.0% in 2007 to
14.6% in 2008. Our selling expenses increased from $41.1 million in 2007 to $80.1 million in 2008.
The increases as a percentage of total net revenues from 2007 to 2008 were primarily attributable
to the following:
increases in salaries and bonus payments resulting primarily from a growing
sales headcount, particularly on our international sales team;
increase in travel, marketing and training expenses;
an increase in share-based compensation expenses;
our acquisition of Datascopes patient monitoring business, which
accounted for more than 30% of our selling expenses in 2008;
international expansion in more developed countries, which tends to be
more expensive; and
building our direct sales force infrastructure and localizing our direct
sales staff,
which were largely offset by improved operating leverage in our selling structure in China as we
continue to create and improve economies of scale in this area.
S-25
General and Administrative Expenses
Our general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of total net revenues, increased from
4.1% in 2007 to 7.5% in 2008. The increase was primarily attributable to the amortization expenses
of intangibles as a result of the acquisition of Datascopes patient monitoring business, which
accounted for approximately 40% of our general and administrative expenses in 2008, and overall
higher general and administrative costs in more developed countries, particularly the United
States. Our general and administrative expenses increased from $12.0 million in 2007 to $40.8
million in 2008. The increase was attributable primarily to an increase in salaries and
depreciation expense.
Research and Development Expenses
Our research and development expenses, as a percentage of total net revenues, were 9.6% in
2007 and 9.5% in 2008. Our research and development expenses increased from $28.4 million in 2007
to $51.9 million in 2008. Research and development headcount and salary increases accounted for
58.9% of the increase in 2007 and 57.0% of the increase in 2008 as we built capacity for our new
R&D facility in Shenzhen and as a result of the Datascope acquisition, which accounted for 13.5% of
our research and development expenses in 2008.
Expense of In-Progress Research and Development
In
2008, we incurred a charge of $6.6 million related to a
write-off of in-progress research and development, an intangible
asset
identified during the Datascope acquisition.
Other Income (Expense)
We had other income of $2.4 million in 2007 and $4.9 million in 2008. A majority of other
income in 2007 was related to government subsidies and exchange rate gain. $2.7 million of our
other income in 2008 came from a non-recurring manufacturing fee as provided for in the
transitional services agreement related to the Datascope acquisition.
Our
interest expense increased from $0.0 in 2007 to $5.2 million in 2008. This increase was
primarily attributable to interest on financing obtained for the Datascope acquisition and interest
on our working capital facilities. See Liquidity and Capital Resources.
Provision for Income Taxes
Provision for income taxes increased from $14.0 million in 2007 to $16.9 million in 2008. Due
to various special tax rates, tax holidays and incentives that have been granted to us in China,
our income taxes have been relatively low. Our overall effective tax rate was 15.2% in 2007 and
13.5% in 2008.
Net Income
As
a result of the foregoing, net income increased from
$78.0 million in 2007 to $108.7 million in
2008, while net margin decreased from 26.5% in 2007 to 19.9% in 2008.
Critical Accounting Policies
We prepare our financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, which requires us to make
estimates and assumptions that affect our reporting of, among other things, assets and liabilities,
contingent assets and liabilities and net revenues and expenses. We continually evaluate these
estimates and assumptions based on the most recently available information, our own historical
experiences and other factors that we believe to be relevant under the circumstances. Since our
financial reporting process inherently relies on the use of estimates and assumptions, our actual
results could differ from what we expect. This is especially true with some accounting policies
that require higher degrees of judgment than others in their application. We consider the policies
discussed below to be critical to an understanding of our audited consolidated financial statements
because they involve the greatest reliance on our managements judgment.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
We generally require domestic customers to make a deposit prior to shipment and we generally
require that our international customers pre-pay for their products in cash or with letters of
credit. However, from time to time we extend credit to domestic customers in the normal course of
business and we extend credit to most of our direct customers and select qualified distributors in
North America and Europe. We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses
resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. The allowance is
determined by (1) analyzing specific customer accounts that have known or potential collection
issues and (2) applying historical loss rates to the aging of the remaining accounts receivable
balances. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $1.1 million in 2007, $3.9 million in 2008, and
$7.5 million in 2009. Additional allowances may be required as we extend additional credit to
domestic distributors and qualified international direct customers and distributors in North
America and Europe, if we change our credit policies as our customer base expands and further
diversifies, or if the financial condition of our customers deteriorates.
Write Down of Inventories
We value inventories, which include material, labor and manufacturing overhead, at the lower
of cost or market using the standard cost basis that approximates the
weighted average cost method.
Management evaluates inventory from time to time for obsolete or slow-moving inventory and we base
our provisions on our estimates of forecasted net revenue levels, economic market conditions and
quantity on hand. A significant change in the timing or level of demand for our products as
compared to forecasted amounts may result in recording additional provisions for obsolete or
slow-moving inventory. We record such adjustments to cost of revenues in the period the condition
exists.
Warranty Provision
We record a warranty provision at the time product revenues are recorded based on our
historical experience and review the provision during the year and if necessary, adjusting the
provision to reflect new product offerings or changes in claims, which we track by product line.
Impairment of assets
We review our long-lived assets and finite-lived intangible assets for potential impairment in
circumstances where the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. If the sum of the
projected undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the assets, the carrying
value is reduced to the estimated fair value as measured by the discounted cash flows. We have not
experienced any events or changes that would indicate that the carrying amounts of any of our
assets may not be recoverable.
Provisions for Income Taxes
We record liabilities for probable income tax assessments based on our estimate of potential
tax-related exposures. Estimating these assessments requires significant judgment as uncertainties
often exist in respect to new laws, new interpretations of existing laws and rulings by taxing
authorities. Differences between actual results and our assumptions are recorded in the period
they become known. Although we have recorded all probable income tax accruals in accordance with
ASC740, Income Tax, our accruals represent accounting estimates that are subject to the inherent
uncertainties associated with the tax audit process, and therefore include certain contingencies.
We believe that any potential tax assessments from the various tax authorities that are not covered
by our income tax provision will not have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial
position or cash flows. However, they may be material to our consolidated earnings of a future
period. Our overall effective tax rate was 15.2% in 2007, 13.5% in 2008 and 17.1% in 2009.
Revenue Recognition
We generate revenues from medical device sales. The medical devices that we sell include a
software element that is essential to their functionality as a whole. However, since the sales
arrangements do not require significant production, modification or customization of the software,
revenues from the sale of medical devices are recognized when all of the following conditions have
been satisfied:
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|
there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement; |
|
|
|
|
delivery has occurred (e.g., an exchange has taken place); |
|
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|
the sales price is fixed or determinable; and |
|
|
|
|
collectability is reasonably assured. |
All sales are based on firm customer orders with fixed terms and conditions. We do not
provide our customers with the right of return, price protection or cash rebates. The sales
arrangements do not include any significant after-sale customer support services and do not provide
customers with upgrades. Accordingly, revenues from the sale of products are typically recognized
upon shipment, when the terms are free-on-board shipping point, or upon delivery.
We offer sales incentives to certain customers in the form of free products if they meet a
certain level of items purchased. The costs of these sales incentives are estimated and accrued as
a cost of revenues with a corresponding current liability at the time of revenue recognition based
on our past experience and our customers purchase history, which involves significant judgment by
management.
Valuation of Share-Based Compensation
For option grants, we utilize the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the fair
value of the options. This approach requires us to make assumptions on variables such as share
price volatility, expected terms of options and discount rates. Our share-based compensation
arrangement includes a performance condition that affects vesting. We estimate the probability of
the employees meeting the performance condition that affect the vesting amount. Changes in these
assumptions and our estimates of the probability could significantly affect the amount of employee
share-based compensation expense we recognize in our consolidated financial statements.
Impact Upon Adoption of New Accounting Standards
S-26
Noncontrolling
Interests
In December 2007, the FASB issued FAS No. 160, subsequently coded ASC 810-10-65, Consolidations
(Financial Accounting Standard No. 160, Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial
Statements an amendment of ARB No. 51 . ASC 810-10-65 requires (i) that non-controlling
(minority) interests be reported as a component of shareholders equity, (ii) that net income
attributable to the parent and to the non-controlling interest be separately identified in the
consolidated statement of operations, (iii) that changes in a parents ownership interest while the
parent retains its controlling interest be accounted for as equity transactions, (iv) that any
retained non-controlling equity investment upon the deconsolidation of a subsidiary be initially
measured at fair value, and (v) that sufficient disclosures are provided that clearly identify and
distinguish between the interests of the parent and the interests of the non-controlling owners.
ASC 810 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2008 and should be applied
prospectively. The presentation and disclosure requirements of the statement shall be applied
retrospectively for all periods presented. We adopted ASC 810-10-65 on January 1, 2009 and
there was no material impact on our financial statements. Retroactive application of ASC 810-10-65
will have an effect on the presentation of our financial statements related to December
31, 2007 and 2008.
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
In January 2010, the Financial Accounts Standards Board FASB
issued ASU 2010-06, which amends FASB ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures. This guidance requires new disclosures and
provides amendments to clarify existing disclosures. The new requirements include disclosing transfers in and out of Levels 1 and 2 fair value measurements and the reasons for the transfers and further disaggregating activity in Level 3 fair value
measurements. The clarification of existing disclosure guidance includes further disaggregation of
fair value measurement disclosures for each class of assets and liabilities and providing disclosures about the valuation techniques and
inputs used to measure fair value for both recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements. The guidance also includes conforming amendments
to the guidance on employers disclosures about the postretirement benefit plan assets. This guidance is effective for interim and annual
reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009, except for the new disclosures regarding the activity in Level 3
measurements, which shall be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010, and for interim periods within those fiscal years. We
are currently assessing the impact of this statement, but believe it will not have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations,
or cash flows upon adoption.
In October 2009, the Financial Accounts Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) No. 2009-13 on ASC 605, Revenue RecognitionMultiple Deliverable Revenue Arrangementsa consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues
Task Force (ASU 2009-13). ASU 2009-13 amended guidance related to multiple-element arrangements which requires an entity to allocate arrangement consideration at the inception of an arrangement to all of its deliverables based on their relative selling
prices. The consensus eliminates the use of the residual method of allocation and requires the relative-selling-price method in all circumstances. All entities must adopt the guidance no later than the beginning of their first fiscal year beginning on or after June 15,
2010. Entities may elect to adopt the guidance through either prospective application for revenue arrangements entered into, or materially modified, after the effective date or through retrospective application to all revenue arrangements for all periods
presented. We are currently evaluating the impact, if any, of ASU 2009-13 on our financial position and results of operations.
In October 2009, the FASB issued ASU No. 2009-14 on ASC 985, Certain Revenue Arrangements That Include Software Elements (ASU 2009-14). ASU 2009-14 amended guidance that is expected to significantly affect how entities account for revenue arrangements that contain both hardware and software
elements. As a result, many tangible products that rely on software will be accounted for under the revised multiple-element arrangements revenue recognition guidance, rather than the software revenue recognition guidance. The revised guidance must be adopted by all entities no later than fiscal years beginning on or after June 15,
2010. An entity must select the same transition method and same period for the adoption of both this guidance and the revisions to the multiple-element arrangements guidance noted above. We are currently evaluating the impact, if any, of ASU 2009-14 on our financial position and results of
operations.
In June 2009, the FASB issued Statement No. 167, subsequently coded ASC 810, Amendments to FASB
Interpretation No. 46 (R), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities. ASC 810 expands the scope
of Interpretation No. 46(R) to include entities which had been considered qualifying special
purpose entities prior to elimination of the concept by ASC 860. ASC 810 requires entities to
perform an analysis to determine whether the enterprises variable interest or interests give it a
controlling financial interest in a variable interest entity. The enterprise is required to
assess, on an ongoing basis, whether it is a primary beneficiary or has an implicit responsibility
to ensure that a variable interest entity operates as designed. ASC 810 changes the previous
quantitative approach for determining the primary beneficiary to a qualitative approach based on
which entity (a) has the power to direct activities of a variable interest entity that most
significantly impact economic performance and (b) has the obligation to absorb losses or receive
benefits that could be significant to the variable purpose entity.
ASC 810 requires enhanced disclosures that will provide investors with more transparent information
about an enterprises involvement with a variable interest entity. ASC 810 is effective for each
entitys first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009, and for interim periods
within that annual period. This statement will have no impact on our financial reporting
under our current business plan.
In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 168, subsequently coded ASC 105, Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles. ASC 105 replaces SFAS No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles, and establishes the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (the
Codification) as the source of authoritative accounting principles recognized by the FASB to be
applied to non-governmental entities in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with
GAAP. ASC 105 is effective for interim and annual periods ending
after September 15, 2009.We have early adopted the Codification
and applied it prospectively throughout our consolidated
financial statements. The adoption of ACS 105 does not have a
significant effect on our results or
financial position.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
We anticipate that we will continue to generate operating cash flow sufficient to meet our
cash needs and operations and make payments on existing liabilities. We also believe we have
adequate liquidity reasonably available to meet the requirements of our currently anticipated
operational circumstances, and do not anticipate that we will need to utilize non-operational cash
sources such as additional debt or equity financing to meet our current operational cash needs.
The net proceeds from this offering will improve our liquidity position by increasing our cash
position held outside of China. This will enable us to fund
operational needs outside China, and make
capital investments and pay dividends outside China without certain negative tax consequences. In
addition, the net proceeds from this offering will better enable us to take advantage of potential
strategic acquisitions, investments or ventures, which are a
significant component of our future growth
plan, and will help protect us against potential significant interest rate increases.
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
(Unaudited) |
|
|
|
(In thousands) |
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
189,045 |
|
|
$ |
96,370 |
|
|
$ |
204,228 |
|
Net cash generated from operating activities |
|
|
93,401 |
|
|
|
92,916 |
|
|
|
172,250 |
|
Operating Activities
Net cash generated from operating activities was $93.4 million in 2007,
$92.9 million in 2008 and $172.3 million in 2009. This
increase in 2009 as compared to 2008 was mainly attributable to:
a substantial increase in net income of $30.5 million from $108.7 million to
$139.2 million;
a net positive change in working capital as a result of additional cash
received in connection with a VAT refund and a $14 million
one-time payment from Beckman Coulter resulting from the
termination of the joint-development project; and
an increase in add-back of non-cash expenses, mainly consisting of
depreciation and amortization, provision of doubtful debt, and inventory write-off.
S-27
Our
inventory turnover days were 55, 60 and 74 days in 2007, 2008 and 2009,
respectively. The increase represents an overall increase in
inventory carrying value resulting from our expanded product
portfolio. In addition, inventory levels maintained by
Datascopes patient monitoring business are generally higher
than our historical business.
Our
accounts receivable turnover days were 26,
40 and 53 days in 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively. This increase
was primarily due to the growth of our international business. Our
international customers generally have longer credit terms than our
China-based customers.
Our
average accounts payable turnover days were 59, 46 and 43 days in, 2007, 2008, and 2009, respectively.
Our
inventory, accounts receivable and accounts payable turnover days in
2009 were calculated based on the average of the beginning and ending
balances of the fourth quarter. This method is different from the method used in 2008 and 2007, which is based on the average of the beginning of the year and the end of the year balances. We adopted a new method in 2009 to help minimize the skewing effects of the Datascope
acquisition.
Capital Expenditures
Our
capital expenditures totaled $47.9 million, $71.1 million, and $56.4 million in 2007, 2008
and 2009, respectively. Our capital expenditures consisted primarily of the purchases of and
advances for property, plant and equipment and land use rights. In 2010, we anticipate spending
between $50.0 million and $60.0 million on capital expenditures for normal maintenance and
completion of our research and development center adjacent to our headquarters in Shenzhen.
Off-Balance Sheet Commitments and Arrangements
We do not have any outstanding off-balance sheet guarantees, interest rate swap transactions
or foreign currency contracts. We do not engage in trading activities involving non-exchange
traded contracts. In our ongoing business, we do not enter into transactions involving, or
otherwise form relationships with, unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships that are
established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually
narrow or limited purposes.
Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations
A summary of our contractual obligations at December 31, 2009 is as follows:
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Contractual Obligations |
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More |
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Less Than |
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Than |
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1 Year |
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1-3 Years |
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3-5 Years |
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5 Years |
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Total |
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(Dollars in thousands) |
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Capital commitments |
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21,127 |
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21,127 |
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Operating leases(1) |
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6,780 |
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10,090 |
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7,622 |
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8,276 |
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32,768 |
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Short-term bank loans |
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103,128 |
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66,000 |
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169,128 |
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Total |
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131,035 |
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76,090 |
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7,622 |
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8,276 |
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223,023 |
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(1) |
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Operating leases are for office premises and our assembly and manufacturing facility. |
Bank
Loan
In connection with the Datascope acquisition, we also entered into a loan agreement with Bank
of China for approximately $141.4 million, payable in three installments in May, August and
November 2009, respectively. In April 2009, we repaid $31.1 million to Bank of China, and in June
2009, the term loan facility was subsequently modified. As of December 31, 2009, the outstanding
balance of the loan was $110.0 million. The interest rate is
LIBOR plus 1.3%. The loan will be repaid in two installments, $44.0
million in June 2010 and $66.0 million in June 2011. We are able to make these payments out of
restricted cash funds, funds deposited as collateral for the loan, and cash reserves. Paying
through a dividend of these funds out of China would reduce the amount payable on the loan as well
as the corresponding collateral held on deposit as restricted cash, but some of the funds paid as
dividends may be subject to a 5% dividend withholding tax in China. Alternatively, our board of
directors and management will consider our other financing options for making this payment,
including but not limited to refinancing the debt and using then-existing cash and cash
equivalents.
S-28
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Based
on the number of ordinary shares outstanding as of February 26, 2010, upon completion of this
offering, we will have outstanding 114,100,363 our
ordinary shares. All ADSs sold in this offering and the ordinary shares they represent will be
freely transferable by persons other than our affiliates without restriction or further
registration under the Securities Act. Sales of substantial amounts of our ADSs in the public
market could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our ADSs.
Lock-up Agreements
In connection with this offering, we have agreed for a period of 60 days following the date of
this prospectus supplement that we will not, directly or indirectly, offer, sell, contract to sell,
pledge, grant any option to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, right or warrant to
purchase, make any short sale, file a registration statement with respect to, or otherwise dispose
of (including entering into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in
part, any of the economic consequence of ownership interests), without the prior written consent of
the underwriter:
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any of our ordinary shares or ADSs representing our Class A ordinary shares; |
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any ordinary shares of our subsidiaries or depositary shares or depositary receipts representing such shares; or |
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any securities that are substantially similar to the ordinary shares, ADSs, depositary shares or depositary
receipts referred to above, including any securities that are convertible into, exchangeable for or otherwise
represent the right to receive such ordinary shares, ADSs, depositary shares or depositary receipts referred to
above; |
other than pursuant to (1) the 2006 Employee Share Incentive Plan or (2) a transfer by us to our
affiliate, provided that such transfer is not a disposition for value and that such affiliate
agrees to be bound in writing by the restrictions set forth in the lock-up agreement to which we
are subject.
In addition, each of our directors and executive officers have agreed not to sell, transfer or
otherwise dispose of, and not to announce an intention to sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of,
prior to 60 days following the date of this prospectus supplement, without the prior written
consent of the underwriter, any of the securities referred to above, except for a transfer by it to
its affiliate, provided that such transfer is not a disposition for value and that such affiliate
agrees to be bound in writing by the restriction set forth in the lock-up agreement to which we are
subject.
These
restrictions do not apply to up to 600,000
ADSs and Class A ordinary shares represented by such ADSs that may be purchased by the underwriter if
it exercises its option to purchase additional ADSs.
Other than this offering, we are not aware of any plans by any significant shareholders to
dispose of significant numbers of our ADSs or ordinary shares. However, one or more existing
shareholders or owners of securities convertible or exchangeable into or exercisable for our ADSs
or ordinary shares may dispose of significant numbers of our ADSs or ordinary shares. We cannot
predict what effect, if any, future sales of our ADSs or ordinary shares, or the availability of
ADSs or ordinary shares for future sale, will have on the trading price of our ADSs from time to
time. Sales of substantial amounts of our ADSs or ordinary shares in the public market, or the
perception that these sales could occur, could adversely affect the trading price of our ADSs.
Rule 144
In general, under Rule 144, a person or entity that has beneficially owned our ordinary
shares, in the form of ADSs or otherwise, for at least six months and is not our affiliate will
be entitled to sell our ordinary shares, including ADSs, subject only to the availability of
current public information about us, and will be entitled to sell shares held for at least one year
without restriction. A person or entity that is our affiliate and has beneficially owned our
ordinary shares for at least six months, will be able to sell, within a rolling three-month period,
the number of ordinary shares that does not exceed the greater of the following:
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(i) |
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1% of the then outstanding ordinary shares, in the form of
ADSs or otherwise, which equal approximately 1.1 million
ordinary shares as of February 26, 2010; and |
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(ii) |
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the average weekly trading volume of our ordinary shares,
in the form of ADSs or otherwise, on the New York Stock
Exchange during the four calendar weeks preceding the date
on which notice of the sale is filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission. |
S-29
Sales by affiliates under Rule 144 must be made through unsolicited brokers transactions.
They are also subject to manner of sale provisions, notice requirements and the availability of
current public information about us.
Employee Share Incentive Plan
As
of February 26, 2010, options to purchase 7,616,791 of our ordinary shares were outstanding. All
of these ordinary shares will be eligible for sale in the public market from time to time, subject
to vesting and exercise provisions of the options, volume limitations under Rule 144 applicable to
our affiliates and other holders of restricted shares and the lock-up agreements.
Ordinary
shares reserved for issuance under our 2006 Employee Share Incentive
Plan are or will be covered by a registration statement on Form S-8
under the Securities Act.
S-8 registration statements automatically became effective upon filing. Following this filing,
ordinary shares registered under such registration statement will, subject to the lock-up
agreements and volume limitations under Rule 144 applicable to affiliates, be available for sale in
the open market upon the exercise of vested options.
S-30
TAXATION
The
following is a summary of the material Cayman Islands, Peoples
Republic of China and United States federal income tax
consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our ADSs or ordinary shares, based
upon laws and relevant interpretations thereof in effect as of the date of this prospectus
supplement, all of which are subject to change. This summary does not discuss all possible tax
consequences relating to an investment in our ADSs or ordinary shares, such as the tax consequences
under United States state, local and other tax laws. Based on the facts and subject to the
limitations set forth herein, the statements of law and legal conclusions under the caption United
States Federal Income Taxation constitute the opinion of OMelveny & Myers LLP, our United States
counsel, as to the material United States federal income tax consequences of an investment in the
ADSs or ordinary shares.
Cayman Islands Taxation
The Cayman Islands currently levies no taxes on individuals or corporations based upon
profits, income, gains or appreciation and there is no taxation in the nature of inheritance tax or
estate duty. There are no other taxes likely to be material to us levied by the Government of the
Cayman Islands except for stamp duties which may be applicable on instruments executed in, or
brought within the jurisdiction of, the Cayman Islands. The Cayman Islands is not party to any
double tax treaties. There are no exchange control regulations or currency restrictions in the
Cayman Islands.
Peoples Republic of China Taxation
In 2007 China passed a new Enterprise Income Tax Law, or the New EIT Law, and its
implementing rules, both of which became effective on January 1, 2008. The New EIT Law created a
new resident enterprise classification, which, if applied to us, would impose a 10% withholding
tax on dividends payable to our non-PRC enterprise shareholders
result in a situation in which a withholding tax of 10% for our
non-PRC enterprise investors or a potential 20% individual income tax
for individual investors is imposed on dividends we pay to them, and on gains derived
by our non-PRC shareholders from disposition of our shares or ADSs, if such dividends or
gains are determined to have been derived from sources within China. The New EIT Law and its
implementing rules are unclear as to how to determine the sources of such dividends or gains for
non-Chinese enterprises or group enterprise controlled entities.
If we are not deemed a resident enterprise, then dividends payable to our non-PRC shareholders
and gains from disposition of our shares of ADSs by our non-PRC shareholders will not be subject to
PRC income tax withholding. See Risk Factors Risks Related to Doing Business in China We may
be classified as a resident enterprise for PRC enterprise income tax purposes. This
classification could result in unfavorable tax consequences to us and our non-PRC shareholders and
Risk Factors Risks Related to Doing Business in China Dividends payable by us to our foreign
investors and gain on the sale of our ADSs or ordinary shares may become subject to withholding
taxes under PRC tax laws.
United States Federal Income Taxation
The following is a general summary of the material U.S. federal income tax considerations
related to the purchase, ownership and disposition of our ADSs or ordinary shares. This summary
deals only with persons or entities that are U.S. Holders (as defined below) who hold our ADSs or
ordinary shares as capital assets within the meaning of section 1221 of the U.S. Internal Revenue
Code. This summary does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be
applicable to U.S. Holders in the light of their particular circumstances or to shareholders
subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax law, such as (without limitation):
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banks, insurance companies, and other financial institutions; |
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dealers in securities or foreign currencies; |
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regulated investment companies; |
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traders in securities that mark to market; |
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U.S. expatriates; |
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non-U.S. persons and entities; |
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tax-exempt entities; |
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persons liable for alternative minimum tax; |
S-31
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persons holding an ADS or ordinary share as part of a straddle, appreciated financial
position, synthetic security, hedge, conversion transaction or other integrated
investment; |
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persons holding an ADS or ordinary share as a result of a constructive sale; |
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persons holding an ADS or ordinary share whose functional currency is not the US dollar; |
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U.S. persons who own or are deemed to own 10% or more of the total combined voting
power of all classes of shares entitled to vote of Mindray or any of our non-U.S.
subsidiaries; or |
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entities that acquire an ADS or ordinary share that are treated as partnerships for
U.S. federal income tax purposes and investors (i.e., partners) in such partnerships. |
Furthermore, this summary does not address any aspect of state, local or foreign tax laws or
the alternative minimum tax provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code.
If an entity treated as a partnership holds our ADSs or ordinary shares, the tax treatment of
the partners will generally depend on the status of the partner and the activities of the
partnership. If you are a partner of a partnership holding our ADSs or ordinary shares, you should
consult your tax advisor.
PROSPECTIVE PURCHASERS ARE STRONGLY URGED TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS AS TO THE SPECIFIC
TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF OUR ADSs OR ORDINARY SHARES TO THEM,
INCLUDING THE APPLICABLE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL AND FOREIGN TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE
PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF ADSs OR ORDINARY SHARES TO THEM AND THE EFFECT OF POSSIBLE
CHANGES IN TAX LAWS.
The discussion below of the U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. Holders will apply
if you are the beneficial owner of ADSs or ordinary shares and you are, for U.S. federal income tax
purposes:
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an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States; |
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a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation) organized under the laws of the
United States, any State thereof or the District of Columbia; |
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an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or |
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a trust that (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States
and the control of one or more U.S. persons for all substantial decisions or (2) has a valid
election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person. |
The discussion below assumes that the representations contained in the deposit agreement are
true and that the obligations in the deposit agreement and any related agreement will be complied
with in accordance with the terms.
Taxation of Dividends and Other Distributions on the ADSs or Ordinary Shares
Subject to the passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, rules discussed below under
Passive Foreign Investment Company, the gross amount of distributions made by us with respect to
the ADSs or ordinary shares generally will be included in your gross income in the year received as
ordinary dividend income, but only to the extent that the distribution is treated as paid out of
our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax
principles). Such dividends would generally not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction
allowed to corporations in respect of dividends received from other U.S. corporations.
To the extent that the amount of the distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings
and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles), it will be treated first as a
tax-free return of your tax basis in your ADSs or ordinary shares, and to the extent the amount of
the distribution exceeds your tax basis, the excess will be taxed as capital gain. However, we do
not intend to calculate our earnings and profits under U.S. federal income tax principles.
Therefore, a U.S. Holder should expect that a distribution will generally be treated as a dividend
even if that distribution would otherwise be treated as a non-taxable return of capital or as
capital gain under the rules described above.
Under current law and with respect to non-corporate U.S. Holders, including individual U.S.
Holders, for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011, dividends may be qualified dividend
income that is taxed at a
S-32
reduced rate, provided that certain conditions are satisfied, including: (1) the ADSs or
ordinary shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States, (2)
we are not a PFIC for both our taxable year in which the dividend is paid and the preceding taxable
year, and (3) certain holding period requirements are met. Internal Revenue Service authority
indicates that common or ordinary stock, or an ADR in respect of such stock, is considered for
purposes of clause (1) above to be readily tradable on an established securities market in the
United States when it is listed on the New York Stock Exchange.
There is no assurance, however, that any dividends paid on our ADSs or ordinary shares will be
eligible for the reduced tax rate. Any dividends paid by us that are not eligible for the
preferential rate will be taxed as ordinary income to a non-corporate U.S. Holder. You should
consult your tax advisors regarding the availability of the qualified dividend income rate with
respect to our ADSs or ordinary shares, including the effects of any change in law after the date
of this registration statement.
Dividends will constitute foreign source income for foreign tax credit limitation purposes.
The limitation on foreign taxes eligible for credit is calculated separately with respect to
specific classes of income. For this purpose, dividends distributed by us with respect to the ADSs
or ordinary shares will generally be passive category income.
Taxation of a Disposition of ADSs or Ordinary Shares
Subject to the PFIC rules discussed below under Passive Foreign Investment Company, you will
recognize taxable gain or loss on any sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of an ADS or
ordinary share equal to the difference between the amount realized (in U.S. dollars) for the ADS or
ordinary share and your tax basis (in U.S. dollars) in the ADS or ordinary share. The gain or loss
generally will be capital gain or loss. If you are a non-corporate U.S. Holder, including an
individual U.S. Holder, who has held the ADS or ordinary share for more than one year, you will be
eligible for reduced long-term capital gains tax rates. The deductibility of capital losses is
subject to limitations. Any such gain or loss that you recognize will generally be treated as U.S.
source gain or loss for foreign tax credit limitation purposes.
Passive Foreign Investment Company
We do not believe that we were a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes for the taxable
year ended December 31, 2009, and we do not expect to be considered a PFIC for U.S. federal income
tax purposes for the taxable year ending December 31, 2010. However, we cannot assure you that we
will not be a PFIC for the current taxable year ending December 31, 2010 or any future taxable
year.
A non-U.S. corporation is considered a PFIC for any taxable year if either:
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at least 75% of its gross income is passive income (the Income Test), or |
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at least 50% of the value of its assets (based on an average of the
quarterly values of the assets during a taxable year) is attributable to
assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income (the
Asset Test). |
We will be treated as owning our proportionate share of the assets and earning our
proportionate share of the income of any other corporation in which we own, directly or indirectly,
25% or more (by value) of the stock.
We must make a separate determination each year as to whether we are a PFIC. As a result, it
is possible that our PFIC status will change. In particular, our PFIC status under the Asset Test
will generally be determined by using the market price of our ADSs and ordinary shares, which is
likely to fluctuate over time, to calculate the total value of our assets. Accordingly,
fluctuations in the market price of the ADSs or ordinary shares may result in our being a PFIC. In
addition, the application of the PFIC rules is subject to uncertainty in several respects (such as
the determination of goodwill) and the composition of our income and assets will be affected by
how, and how quickly, we spend the substantial amount of cash that we currently have on hand. If we
are classified as a PFIC for any year during which you hold ADSs or ordinary shares, we will
generally continue to be treated as a PFIC for all succeeding years during which you hold ADSs or
ordinary shares.
If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold ADSs or ordinary shares, you will
be subject to special tax rules with respect to any excess distribution that you receive and any
gain you realize from a sale or other disposition (including a pledge) of the ADSs or ordinary
shares, unless you make a mark-to-market election. Distributions you receive in a taxable year
that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions you received during the shorter of
the three preceding taxable years or your holding period for the ADSs or ordinary shares will be
treated as an excess distribution. Under these special tax rules:
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the excess distribution or gain will be allocated ratably over your
holding period for the ADSs or ordinary shares, |
S-33
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the amount allocated to the current taxable year, and any
taxable year prior to the first taxable year in which we
were a PFIC, will be treated as ordinary income, and |
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the amount allocated to each other year will be subject to
the highest tax rate in effect for that year and the
interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of
tax will be imposed on the resulting tax attributable to
each such year. |
The tax liability for amounts allocated to years prior to the year of disposition or an
excess distribution cannot be offset by any net operating losses for such years, and gains (but
not losses) realized on the sale of the ADSs or ordinary shares cannot be treated as capital, even
if you hold the ADSs or ordinary shares as capital assets.
Alternatively, a U.S. Holder of marketable stock (as defined below) in a PFIC may make a
mark-to-market election for such stock of a PFIC to elect out of the tax treatment discussed in the
two preceding paragraphs. If you make a mark-to-market election for the ADSs or ordinary shares,
you will include in income each year an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market
value of the ADSs or ordinary shares as of the close of your taxable year over your adjusted basis
in such ADSs or ordinary shares. You will be allowed a deduction for the excess, if any, of the
adjusted basis of the ADSs or ordinary shares over their fair market value as of the close of the
taxable year. However, deductions are allowable only to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains
on the ADSs or ordinary shares included in your income for prior taxable years. Amounts included in
your income under a mark-to-market election, as well as gain on the actual sale or other
disposition of the ADSs or ordinary shares, are treated as ordinary income. Ordinary loss treatment
also applies to the deductible portion of any mark-to-market loss on the ADSs or ordinary shares,
as well as to any loss realized on the actual sale or disposition of the ADSs or ordinary shares,
to the extent that the amount of such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously
included for such ADSs or ordinary shares. Your basis in the ADSs or ordinary shares will be
adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amounts. If you make a valid mark-to-market election,
the tax rules that apply to distributions by corporations which are not PFICs would apply to
distributions by us, except that the lower applicable capital gains rate for qualified dividend
income discussed above under Taxation of Dividends and Other Distributions on the ADSs or
Ordinary Shares would not apply.
The mark-to-market election is available only for marketable stock, which is stock that is
traded in other than de minimis quantities on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter
(regularly traded) on a qualified exchange or other market, as defined in applicable U.S.
Treasury regulations. We have listed our ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange and, consequently,
provided the ADSs continue to be regularly traded thereon, if you are a holder of ADSs, the
mark-to-market election would be available to you were we to be or become a PFIC.
If a non-U.S. corporation is a PFIC, a holder of shares in that corporation may elect out of
the general PFIC rules discussed above by making a qualified electing fund election to include
its pro rata share of the corporations income on a current basis. However, you may make a
qualified electing fund election with respect to our company only if we agree to furnish you
annually with certain tax information, and we do not presently intend to prepare or provide such
information.
If you hold ADSs or ordinary shares in any year in which we are a PFIC, you will be required
to file Internal Revenue Service Form 8621 regarding distributions received on the ADSs or ordinary
shares and any gain realized on the disposition of the ADSs or ordinary shares.
You are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding the application of the PFIC rules to your
investment in ADSs or ordinary shares.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Dividend payments with respect to ADSs or ordinary shares and proceeds from the sale, exchange
or redemption of ADSs or ordinary shares may be subject to information reporting to the Internal
Revenue Service and possible U.S. backup withholding at a current rate of 28%, unless the
conditions of an applicable exception are satisfied. Backup withholding will not apply to a U.S.
Holder who furnishes a correct taxpayer identification number and makes any other required
certification or who is otherwise exempt from backup withholding. U.S. Holders who are required to
establish their exempt status generally must provide such certification on Internal Revenue Service
Form W-9. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the U.S.
information reporting and backup withholding rules.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld as backup withholding may be
credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, and you may obtain a refund of any excess
amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by timely filing the appropriate claim for
refund with the Internal Revenue Service and furnishing any required information.
S-34
UNDERWRITING
Subject to the terms and conditions of an underwriting agreement dated
March 3, 2010,
Jefferies & Company, Inc., as the underwriter, has agreed to
purchase all of the 4,000,000 ADSs offered
in this offering.
The underwriter has agreed to purchase all of the ADSs offered by this prospectus supplement
(other than those covered by the over-allotment option described below) if any are purchased. The
ADSs should be ready for delivery on or about March , 2010 against payment in immediately
available funds. The underwriter is offering the ADSs subject to various conditions and may reject
all or part of any order.
Over-Allotment Option
We have granted the underwriter an over-allotment option. This option, which is exercisable
for up to 30 days after the date of this prospectus supplement, permits the underwriter to purchase
a maximum of 600,000 additional ADSs from us. If the underwriter exercises all or part of this option,
it will purchase ADSs covered by the option at the initial offering price to the public that
appears on the cover page of this prospectus supplement, less the underwriting discount. If this
option is exercised in full, the total price to public will be
$ million; and, before expenses, the total
proceeds to us will be $ million.
Commission and Expenses
The underwriter has advised us that it proposes to offer the ADSs directly to the public at
the public offering price that appears on the cover page of this prospectus supplement. In
addition, the underwriter may offer some of the ADSs to other securities dealers at such price less
a concession of $ per ADS. After the ADSs are released for sale to the public, the underwriter
may change the offering price and other selling terms at various times.
The following table provides information regarding the amount of the discount to be paid to
the underwriter by us:
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Total Without |
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Total With Full |
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Exercise of Over- |
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Exercise of Over- |
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Per ADS |
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Allotment Option |
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Allotment Option |
Public offering price |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
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Underwriting discounts |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
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Proceeds, before expenses, to us |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
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We estimate that the total expenses of the offering, excluding underwriting discounts, will be
approximately $ million. We estimate that our share of the expenses of this offering will be
$ million.
Indemnification
We have agreed to indemnify the underwriter against certain liabilities, including liabilities
under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments the underwriter may be required to make in
respect of those liabilities.
Lock-Up Agreements
We have agreed to a 60-day lock-up with respect to ADSs, the ordinary shares and other of our
securities that they beneficially own, including securities that are convertible into ADSs, the our
ordinary shares and securities that are exchangeable or exercisable for ADSs or our ordinary
shares. This means that, without the prior written consent of the underwriter, for a period of 60
days following the date of this prospectus supplement, we may not, subject to certain exceptions,
directly or indirectly (1) sell, offer, contract or grant any option to sell (including without
limitation any short sale), pledge, transfer, establish an open put equivalent position within
the meaning of Rule 16a-1(h) under the Exchange Act or otherwise dispose of any ADSs, ordinary
shares, options or warrants to acquire ADSs or ordinary shares, or securities exchangeable or
exercisable for or convertible into ADSs or ordinary shares currently or hereafter owned either of
record or beneficially or (2) publicly announce an intention to do any of the foregoing. However,
this agreement will not apply, subject to certain conditions, to transactions relating any stock
option, stock bonus or other stock plan or arrangement described herein. Each of our directors and
officers has also agreed to similar lock-up agreements with the
underwriter, subject to certain exceptions.
S-35
Price Stabilization, Short Positions and Penalty Bids
SEC rules may limit the ability of the underwriter to bid for or purchase ADSs before
distribution of the ADSs is completed. However, the underwriter may engage in the following
activities in accordance with the rules:
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Stabilizing Transactions. The underwriter may make bids or purchases
for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the market price of
the ADSs, so long as stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified
maximum. |
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Over-allotments and Covering Transactions. The underwriter
may sell more ADSs in connection with this offering than the number of
ADSs that it has committed to purchase. This over-allotment creates a
short position for the underwriter. A bid for or purchase of ADSs to
reduce a short position incurred by the underwriter is a covering transaction. Establishing short sales positions may involve
either covered short sales or naked short sales. Covered short
sales are short sales made in an amount not greater than the
underwriters over-allotment option described above. The underwriter
may close out any covered short position either by exercising its
over-allotment option or by purchasing ADSs in the open market. To
determine how it will close the covered short position, the
underwriter will consider, among other things, the price of ADSs
available for purchase in the open market, as compared to the price at
which it may purchase shares through the over-allotment option. Naked
short sales are short sales in excess of the over-allotment option.
The underwriter must close out any naked short position by purchasing shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be
created if the underwriter is concerned that, in the open market after
the pricing of this offering, there may be downward pressure on the
price of the ADSs that could adversely affect investors who purchase
ADSs in this offering. |
Similar to other purchase transactions, the underwriters purchases to cover the short sales or to stabilize the market price of the ADSs may have the effect of raising or
maintaining the market price of the ADSs or preventing or mitigating a decline in the market price
of the ADSs. As a result, the price of the ADSs may be higher than the price that might otherwise
exist in the open market if such purchases by the underwriter were not occurring.
Neither we nor the underwriter make any representation or prediction as to the effect that the
transactions described above may have on the price of the ADSs. These transactions may occur on the
New York Stock Exchange or otherwise. If such transactions are commenced, they may be discontinued
without notice at any time.
Electronic Distribution
A prospectus supplement in electronic format may be made available on the Internet sites or
through other online services maintained by the underwriter or by its affiliates. In those cases,
prospective investors may view offering terms online and, depending upon the underwriter,
prospective investors may be allowed to place orders online. The underwriter may agree with us to
allocate a specific number of ADSs for sale to online brokerage account holders. Any such
allocation for online distributions will be made by the underwriter on the same basis as its
allocations.
Other than the prospectus supplement in electronic format, the information on the
underwriters website and any information contained in any other website maintained by the
underwriter is not part of the prospectus supplement or the registration statement of which this
prospectus supplement forms a part, has not been approved and/or endorsed by us or the underwriter
in its capacity as underwriter and should not be relied upon by investors.
Upon receipt of a request by an investor or its representative who has received an electronic
prospectus supplement from the underwriter within the period during which there is an obligation to
deliver a prospectus supplement, we will promptly transmit, or cause to be transmitted, without
charge, a paper copy of the prospectus supplement.
Affiliations
In the future, the underwriter and its affiliates may provide various investment banking,
commercial banking, financial advisory and other services to us and our affiliates for which
services they have received, and may in the future receive, customary fees. In the course of its
business, the underwriter and its affiliates may
S-36
actively trade our securities or loans for their own account or for the accounts of customers and,
accordingly, the underwriter and its affiliates may at any time hold long or short positions in
such securities or loans.
Selling Restrictions
Cayman Islands. This prospectus supplement does not constitute an invitation or offer to the
public in the Cayman Islands of the ADSs, whether by way of sale or subscription. The underwriter
has not offered or sold, and will not offer or sell, directly or indirectly, any ADSs in the Cayman
Islands.
European Economic Area. In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area which
has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a Relevant Member State), an offer to the public
of any ADSs which are the subject of the offering contemplated by this prospectus supplement may
not be made in that Relevant Member State except that an offer to the public in that Relevant
Member State of any ADSs may be made at any time under the following exemptions under the
Prospectus Directive, if they have been implemented in that Relevant Member State:
(a) to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets
or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities;
(b) to any legal entity which has two or more of (1) an average of at least 250 employees
during the last financial year; (2) a total balance sheet of more than 43,000,000 and (3) an
annual net turnover of more than 50,000,000, as shown in its last annual or consolidated accounts;
(c) to fewer than 100 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined in
the Prospectus Directive) subject to obtaining the prior consent of the representatives for any
such offer; or
(d) in any other circumstances falling within Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive,
provided that no such offer of the shares shall result in a requirement for the publication by us
or any underwriter of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.
Each person in a Relevant Member State who receives any communication in respect of, or who
acquires any shares under, the offers contemplated in this prospectus supplement will be deemed to
have represented, warranted and agreed to and with each underwriter and us that:
(a) it is a qualified investor within the meaning of the law in that Relevant Member State
implementing Article 2(1)(e) of the Prospectus Directive; and
(b) in the case of any shares acquired by it as a financial intermediary, as that term is used
in Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive, (i) the shares acquired by it in the offer have not
been acquired on behalf of, nor have they been acquired with a view to their offer or resale to,
persons in any Relevant Member State, other than qualified investors, as that term is defined in
the Prospectus Directive, or in circumstances in which the prior consent of the representatives has
been given to the offer or resale; or (ii) where shares have been acquired by it on behalf of
persons in any Relevant Member State other than qualified investors, the offer of those shares to
it is not treated under the Prospectus Directive as having been made to such persons.
For the purposes of this provision, the expression an offer to the public in relation to any
shares in any Relevant Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of
sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any shares to be offered so as to enable an
investor to decide to purchase any shares, as the same may be varied in that Member State by any
measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that Member State and the expression Prospectus
Directive means Directive 2003/71/EC and includes any relevant implementing measure in each
Relevant Member State.
France. This prospectus supplement has not been, and will not be, submitted to the clearance
procedures of the Autorité des marchés financiers (the AMF) in France and may not be directly or
indirectly released, issued, or distributed to the public in France, or used in connection with any
offer for subscription or sale of our ADSs to the public in France, in each case within the meaning
of Article L. 411-1 of the French Code monétaire et financier (the French Financial and Monetary
Code).
The ADSs have not been, and will not be, offered or sold to the public in France, directly or
indirectly, and will only be offered or sold in France (i) to qualified investors (investisseurs
qualifiés) investing for their own account, in accordance with all applicable rules and
regulations, and in particular in accordance with Articles L. 411-2 and D. 411-2 of the French
Financial and Monetary Code; (ii) to investment services providers authorized to engage in
portfolio investment on behalf of third parties, in accordance with Article L.411-2 of the French
Financial and Monetary Code; or (iii) in a transaction that, in accordance with all applicable
rules and regulations, does not otherwise constitute an offer to the public (appel public à
lépargne) in France within the meaning of Article L.411-1 of the French Financial and Monetary
Code.
S-37
This prospectus supplement is not to be further distributed or reproduced (in whole or in
part) in France by any recipient, and this prospectus supplement has been distributed to the
recipient on the understanding that such recipient is a qualified investor or otherwise meets the
requirements set forth above, and will only participate in the issue or sale of the ADSs for their
own account, and undertakes not to transfer, directly or indirectly, the ADSs to the public in
France, other than in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations and in particular with
Articles L.411-1, L.411-2, D.411-1 and D.411-2 of the French Financial and Monetary Code.
Hong Kong. The ADSs may not be offered or sold by means of any document other than (i) in
circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies
Ordinance (Cap.32, Laws of Hong Kong), or (ii) to professional investors within the meaning of
the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap.571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder, or
(iii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a prospectus within the
meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap.32, Laws of Hong Kong), and no advertisement, invitation or
document relating to the ADSs may be issued or may be in the possession of any person for the
purpose of issue (in each case whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere), which is directed at, or the
contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if
permitted to do so under the laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to ADSs which are or are
intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to professional investors
within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap.571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any
rules made thereunder.
Japan. The ADSs have not been and will not be registered under the Financial Instruments and
Exchange Law of Japan, and ADSs will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan or
to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan (which term as used herein means any person
resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or
to others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to a resident of Japan,
except pursuant to any exemption from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in compliance
with, the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law and any other applicable laws, regulations and
ministerial guidelines of Japan.
Singapore. This prospectus supplement has not been registered as a prospectus with the
Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, this prospectus supplement and any other document or
material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of our
ADSs may not be circulated or distributed, nor may our ADSs be offered or sold, or be made the
subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons
in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the Securities and
Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore, or SFA, (ii) to a relevant person or any person pursuant to
Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA, or
(iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable
provision of the SFA, in each case subject to compliance with conditions set forth in the SFA.
Where our ADSs are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 by a relevant person which is:
(a) a corporation (which is not an accredited investor as defined in Section 4A of the SFA) the
sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one
or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or (b) a trust (where the trustee is
not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary of the
trust is an individual who is an accredited investor; shares, debentures and units of shares and
debentures of that corporation or the beneficiaries rights and interest (howsoever described) in
that trust shall not be transferred within six months after that corporation or that trust has
acquired the ADSs under Section 275 of the SFA, except: (1) to an institutional investor (for
corporations under Section 274 of the SFA) or to a relevant person defined in Section 275(2) of the
SFA, or to any person pursuant to an offer that is made on terms that such shares, debentures and
units of shares and debentures of that corporation or such rights and interest in that trust are
acquired at a consideration of not less than S$200,000 (or its equivalent in a foreign currency)
for each transaction, whether such amount is to be paid for in cash or by exchange of securities or
other assets, and further for corporations, in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section
275 of the SFA; (2) where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer; or (3) where the
transfer is by operation of law.
United Kingdom. Our ADSs may not be offered or sold and will not be offered or sold to any
persons in the United Kingdom other than to persons whose ordinary activities involve them in
acquiring, holding, managing or disposing of investments (as principal or as agent) for the
purposes of their businesses or otherwise in circumstances which have not resulted or will not
result in an offer to the public in the United Kingdom within the meaning of the Financial Services
and Markets Act 2000, or the FSMA.
In addition, any invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning
of section 21 of the FSMA) in connection with the issue or sale of our ADSs may only be
communicated or caused to be communicated in circumstances in which Section 21(1) of the FSMA does
not apply to us. Without limitation to the
S-38
other restrictions referred to herein, this prospectus supplement is directed only at (1)
persons outside the United Kingdom or (2) persons who:
(a) are qualified investors as defined in section 86(7) of FSMA, being persons
falling within the meaning of article 2.1(e)(i), (ii) or (iii) of the Prospectus Directive; and
(b) are either persons who fall within article 19(1) of the Financial Services and Markets Act
2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005, as amended, or Order, or are persons who fall within article
49(2)(a) to (d) (high net worth companies, unincorporated associations, etc.) of the Order; or
(c) to whom it may otherwise lawfully be communicated in circumstances in which Section 21(1)
of the FSMA does not apply.
Without limitation to the other restrictions referred to herein, any investment or investment
activity to which this prospectus supplement relates is available only to, and will be engaged in
only with, such persons, and persons within the United Kingdom who receive this communication
(other than persons who fall within (2) above) should not rely or act upon this communication.
Investors are advised to contact their legal, financial or tax advisers to obtain an
independent assessment of the financial and tax consequences of an investment in ADSs.
S-39
EXPENSES RELATED TO THIS OFFERING
Set forth below is an itemization of the total expenses, excluding underwriting discounts and
commissions, we expect to incur in connection with the offer and sale of the ADSs. We estimate that
the total expenses of this offering for which we will be responsible will be approximately $ .
With the exception of the SEC registration fee, all amounts are estimates.
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SEC registration fee |
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$ |
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Printing and engraving expenses |
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200,000 |
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Legal fees and expenses |
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480,000 |
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Accounting fees and expenses |
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$ |
825,000 |
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Miscellaneous |
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$ |
150,000 |
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Total |
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$ |
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LEGAL MATTERS
We are being represented by OMelveny & Myers LLP with respect to legal matters of United
States federal securities and New York State law. The underwriter is being represented by Shearman
& Sterling LLP with respect to legal matters of United States federal securities and New York State
law. The validity of the Class A ordinary shares represented by the ADSs offered in this offering
and certain legal matters as to Cayman Islands law will be passed upon for us by Conyers Dill &
Pearman. Certain legal matters as to PRC law will be passed upon for us by Jun He Law Offices and
for the underwriter by Commerce & Finance Law Offices. Conyers Dill & Pearman and OMelveny & Myers
LLP may rely upon Jun He Law Offices with respect to matters governed by PRC law. Shearman &
Sterling LLP may rely upon Commerce & Finance Law Offices with respect to matters governed by PRC
law. Certain members of OMelveny & Myers LLP beneficially hold an
aggregate of 4,500 of our
ADSs, which represents less than 0.005% of our outstanding ordinary shares.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of Mindray Medical International Limited and its
subsidiaries, or MMIL, as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2009, incorporated in this
prospectus supplement by reference from MMILs Report on Form 6-K dated March 3, 2010, and the
consolidated financial statements of MMIL as of and for the year ended December 31, 2008 and
managements assessment of the effectiveness of MMILs internal control over financial reporting as
of December 31, 2008 (which is included in Managements Annual Report on Internal Control over
Financial Reporting) incorporated in this prospectus supplement by reference to MMILs Annual
Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2008 have been so incorporated in reliance on
the reports of PricewaterhouseCoopers, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on
the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
The consolidated financial statements of Mindray Medical International Limited and its
subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and for the two years ended December 31, 2007,
incorporated in this prospectus supplement by reference from our
Annual Report on Form 20-F have been audited by Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu CPA Ltd., an independent
registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which is incorporated herein by
reference. Such consolidated financial statements have been so incorporated in reliance upon the
report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
The statements included in the accompanying prospectus to this prospectus supplement under the
caption Enforcement of Civil Liabilities, to the extent they constitute matters of PRC law, have
been reviewed and confirmed by Jun He Law Offices, our PRC counsel, as experts in such matters, and
are included herein in reliance upon such review and confirmation. The offices of Jun He Law
Offices are located at Shenzhen Development Bank Tower, 15-C, 5047 East Shenan Road, Shenzhen
518001, China.
S-40
PROSPECTUS
American Depositary Shares
Ordinary Shares
Preferred Shares
Debt Securities
Warrants
Rights
Units
We, or any selling securityholders to be identified in the future, may offer from time to
time, in one or more series:
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American depositary shares; |
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ordinary shares; |
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preferred shares; |
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senior and/or subordinated debt securities; |
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warrants to purchase American depositary shares, ordinary shares, preferred shares
and/or debt securities; |
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rights to purchase American depositary shares, ordinary shares, preferred shares and/or
debt securities; and |
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units consisting of two or more of these classes or series of securities. |
We, or any selling securityholders to be identified in the future, may offer these securities
in amounts, at prices and on terms determined at the time of offering. The specific plan of
distribution for any securities to be offered will be provided in a prospectus supplement. If we
use agents, underwriters or dealers to sell these securities, a prospectus supplement will name
them and describe their compensation.
The specific terms of any securities to be offered will be described in a supplement to this
prospectus. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this
prospectus. You should read this prospectus and any prospectus supplement, together with
additional information described under the heading Where You Can Find More Information, before
you make an investment decision.
Our American depositary shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol
MR.
Investing in our securities involves risks. See the Risk Factors section contained in the
applicable prospectus supplement and in the documents we incorporate by reference in this
prospectus to read about factors you should consider before investing in our securities.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has
approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this
prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
March 3, 2010
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
This prospectus is part of an automatic shelf registration statement that we filed with the
United States Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, as a well-known seasoned issuer as
defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, using a
shelf registration process. By using a shelf registration statement, we may sell any combination
of our American depositary shares, or ADSs, ordinary shares, preferred shares, debt securities,
warrants, rights and units from time to time and in one or more offerings. Each time we sell
securities, we will provide a supplement to this prospectus that contains specific information
about the securities being offered (if other than ordinary shares and ADSs) and the specific terms
of that offering. The supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this
prospectus. If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and any
prospectus supplement, you should rely on the prospectus supplement. Before purchasing any
securities, you should carefully read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement, together
with the additional information described under the heading Where You Can Find More Information
and Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference.
You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this
prospectus and in any prospectus supplement. We have not authorized any other person to provide
you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information,
you should not rely on it. We will not make an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction
where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this
prospectus and any prospectus supplement is accurate as of the date on its respective cover, and
that any information incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document
incorporated by reference, unless we indicate otherwise. Our business, financial condition,
results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.
Unless otherwise stated, or the context otherwise requires, for purposes of this prospectus
only:
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we, us, our company, our, Mindray International and Mindray refer
to Mindray Medical International Limited, and its consolidated subsidiaries, including
Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., or Shenzhen Mindray, and Shenzhen
Mindrays predecessor entities; |
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China or PRC refers to the Peoples Republic of China, excluding, for
purposes of this prospectus only, Taiwan and the Special Administrative Regions of Hong
Kong and Macau; |
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All references to Renminbi or RMB are to the legal currency of China, all
references to US dollars, dollars, $ or US$ are to the legal currency of the
United States, and all references to HK$ are to the legal currency of the Hong Kong
Special Administrative Region of China; |
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ordinary shares refers to our Class A and Class B ordinary shares, par value
HK$0.001 per share; |
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ADSs refers to our American depositary shares, each of which represents one
Class A ordinary share; |
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ADRs refers to American depositary receipts, which, if issued, evidence our
ADSs; and |
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US GAAP refers to generally accepted accounting principles in the United
States. |
1
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have filed our registration statement on Form F-3 with the SEC under the Securities Act. We
also file annual, quarterly and current reports and other information with the SEC. You may read
and copy any document that we file with the SEC, including the registration statement and the
exhibits to the registration statement, at the SECs public reference facility at:
Securities and Exchange Commission
Room 1500
100 F Street, N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20549
You may call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information. Our SEC filings are also
available to the public at the SECs website at www.sec.gov. In addition, you may inspect and
copy reports, proxy statements and other information about us at the offices of the New York Stock
Exchange, Inc. at 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005.
This prospectus and any prospectus supplement are part of a registration statement that we
filed with the SEC and do not contain all of the information in the registration statement. The
full registration statement may be obtained from the SEC or us as indicated above. Forms of the
indenture and other documents establishing the terms of the offered securities are filed as
exhibits to the registration statement or will be filed through an amendment to our registration
statement on Form F-3 or under cover of a Current Report on Form 6-K and incorporated in this
prospectus by reference. Statements in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement about these
documents are summaries and each statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the
document to which it refers. You should refer to the actual documents for a more complete
description of the relevant matters.
2
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference in this prospectus the information we file
with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those
documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus,
unless it has been superseded by more updated information included herein, and later information
filed with the SEC will update and supersede the information included or incorporated by reference
in this prospectus. We incorporate by reference in this prospectus the following information:
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our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2008 (File No.
001-33036), filed with the SEC on May 8, 2009; |
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our Reports on Forms 6-K furnished to the SEC on March 3, 2010; |
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the Description of Share Capital and
Description of American Depositary Shares contained in
our registration statement on Form 8-A (File No. 001-33036), filed
with the SEC on September 20, 2006; and |
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with respect to each offering of securities under this prospectus, all reports
on Form 20-F and any report on Form 6-K that so indicates it is being incorporated by
reference, in each case, that we file with the SEC on or after the date on which this
registration statement is first filed with the SEC and until the termination or
completion of that offering under this prospectus. |
You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the
following address:
Corporate Secretary
Mindray Building
Keji 12th Road South
Hi-tech Industrial Park, Nanshan
Shenzhen 518057
Peoples Republic of China
(86-755) 2658-2888
3
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains or incorporates by reference, and any prospectus supplement will
contain or incorporate by reference, statements that constitute forward-looking statements within
the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended. Any statements that do not relate to historical or current facts or matters are
forward-looking statements. You can identify some of the forward-looking statements by the use of
forward-looking words, such as may, will, could, should, expects, anticipates,
intends, projects, predicts, plans, believes, seeks, and estimates and variations of
these words and similar expressions. Statements concerning current conditions may also be
forward-looking if they imply a continuation of current conditions. Forward-looking statements
include statements regarding, among other matters:
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our goals and strategies; |
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our future business development, financial condition and results of operations; |
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the projected growth of the medical device industry in China and internationally; |
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the effects of the current global economic crisis and global macroeconomic conditions on
our business; |
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the effects of our acquisition of and integration of Datascopes patient monitoring device
business; |
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our expansion plans; |
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relevant government policies and regulations relating to the medical device industry; |
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market acceptance of our products; |
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our expectations regarding demand for our products; |
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our ability to expand our production, our sales and distribution network and other aspects
of our operations, including our sales and service offices, our manufacturing facilities in
Shenzhen, and our research and development and manufacturing facility in Nanjing; |
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our ability to stay abreast of market trends and technological advances; |
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our ability to effectively protect our intellectual property rights and not infringe on
the intellectual property rights of others; |
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our plan to launch new products in the future; |
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our intention to pay annual cash dividends to our shareholders; |
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competition in the medical device industry in China and internationally; and |
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general economic and business conditions in the countries where our products are sold. |
We caution you that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future
performance and involve risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results,
performance or achievements or the industry to differ materially from our future results,
performance or achievements, or those of the industry, expressed or implied in such forward-looking
statements. We urge you to carefully review the disclosures we make concerning risks and other
factors that may affect our business and operating results, including those made in this
prospectus, and as such risk factors may be updated in subsequent SEC filings, as well as our other
reports filed with the SEC and in any prospectus supplement. We caution you not to place undue
reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this prospectus or
any prospectus supplement. We do not intend, and we undertake no obligation, to update any
forward-looking information to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this prospectus or
any prospectus supplement or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, unless required by
law to do so.
4
RISK FACTORS
Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry
We may fail to effectively develop and commercialize new products, which would materially and
adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
The medical device market is developing rapidly and related technology trends are constantly
evolving. This results in frequent introduction of new products, short product life cycles and
significant price competition. Consequently, our success substantially depends on our ability to
anticipate technology development trends and identify, develop and commercialize in a timely and
cost-effective manner new and advanced products that our customers demand. New products contribute
significantly to our net revenues. We expect the medical device market to continue evolving toward newer
and more advanced products, many of which we do not currently produce. Commercialization of any new
product requires relevant government approval, the timing of which may not be under our control,
and is subject to change from time to time. Moreover, it may take an extended period of time for
our new products to gain market acceptance, if at all. Furthermore, as the life cycle for a product
matures, the average selling price generally decreases. Although we have previously offset the
effects of declining average sales prices with sales volume increases and manufacturing cost
reductions, we may be unable to continue doing so. Lastly, during a products life cycle, problems
may arise regarding regulatory, intellectual property, product liability or other issues which may
affect its continued commercial viability.
Our success in developing and commercializing new products is determined by our ability to:
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accurately assess technology trends and customer needs and meet market demands; |
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optimize our manufacturing and procurement processes to predict and control costs; |
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manufacture and deliver products in a timely manner; |
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increase customer awareness and acceptance of our products; |
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effectively manage our brands; |
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minimize the time and costs required to obtain required regulatory clearances or approvals; |
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anticipate and compete effectively with other medical device developers, manufacturers and
marketers; |
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price our products competitively; and |
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effectively integrate customer feedback into our research and development planning. |
We maintain direct operations in the United States and Europe that is costly and the maintenance of
which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We maintain direct operations in the United States and Europe and rely on direct sales for a
significant portion of our revenues from these areas. Maintaining a direct sales force is costly.
We typically provide our direct operations personnel with payroll and other benefits that we do not
provide independent distributors. Many of these benefits are fixed costs that do not depend on
revenue generation. Maintaining these direct operations is costly and the maintenance of which
could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Maintaining a direct sales force and independent distribution network in the United States and
Europe could result in potential sales conflicts that would negatively impact our revenue and
results of operations.
Prior to our acquisition of Datascopes patient monitoring device business, we maintained
independent distributor relationships in the United States and Europe. With the addition of a
direct sales force in these areas, we are currently directly selling Datascope-branded products,
Mindray-branded ultrasound systems and DPM-branded patient monitoring devices. This creates the
potential for conflict between our independent distributors and direct sales force. If our
independent distributors and direct sales force compete with each other, our independent
5
distributors could reduce their selling prices for our products to make sales. Because we
generate higher revenues from direct sales, this would negatively impact our revenue. Further,
independent existing and potential distributors may decide not to sell our products or cease
selling our products because of this potential conflict. Moreover, sales conflicts could negatively
impact the morale of our direct sales force.
We
depend on distributors for a substantial portion of our revenues and a significant portion of
our revenue growth. Failure to maintain relationships with our distributors would materially and
adversely affect our business.
We
depended on distributors for a substantial portion of our revenues. We typically do not have long-term distribution
agreements. As our existing distribution agreements expire, we may be unable to renew with our
desired distributors on favorable terms or at all. In addition, we seek to limit our dependence on
any single distributor by limiting and periodically redefining the scope of each distributors
territory and the range of our products that it sells, which may make us less attractive to some
distributors. Furthermore, competition for distributors is intense. We compete for distributors
domestically and internationally with other leading medical equipment and device companies that may
have higher visibility, greater name recognition and financial resources, and a broader product
selection than we do. Our competitors also often enter into long-term distribution agreements that
effectively prevent their distributors from selling our products. Consequently, maintaining
relationships with existing distributors and replacing distributors may be difficult and time
consuming. Any disruption of our distribution network, including our failure to renew our existing
distribution agreements with our desired distributors, could negatively affect our ability to
effectively sell our products and would materially and adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
We may be unable to effectively structure and manage our distribution network, and our business,
prospects and brand may be materially and adversely affected by actions taken by our distributors.
We have limited ability to manage the activities of our distributors, who are independent from us.
Our distributors could take one or more of the following actions, some of which we have previously
experienced, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects and
brand:
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sell products that compete with our products that they have contracted to sell for us; |
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sell our products outside their designated territory, possibly in violation of the
exclusive distribution rights of other distributors; |
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fail to adequately promote our products; or |
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fail to provide proper training, repair and service to our end-users. |
Furthermore, our distributors may focus selling efforts only on those products that provide them
with the largest margins at the expense of products that offer them smaller margins.
Failure to adequately manage our distribution network, or non-compliance by distributors with
our distribution agreements could harm our corporate image among end users of our products and
disrupt our sales, resulting in a failure to meet our sales goals. Furthermore, we could be liable
for actions taken by our distributors, including any violations of applicable law in connection
with the marketing or sale of our products, including Chinas anti-corruption laws and the
U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or FCPA. In particular, we may be held liable for actions taken
by our distributors even though almost all of our distributors are non-U.S. companies that are not
subject to the FCPA. Our distributors may violate these laws or otherwise engage in illegal
practices with respect to their sales or marketing of our products. If our distributors violate
these laws, we could be required to pay damages or fines, which could materially and adversely
affect our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, our brand and reputation,
our sales activities or the price of our ADSs could be adversely affected if our company becomes
the target of any negative publicity as a result of actions taken by our distributors.
We may undertake acquisitions, which may have a material adverse effect on our ability to manage
our business, and may end up being unsuccessful.
Our growth strategy may involve acquisitions of new technologies, businesses, products or
services or the
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creation of strategic alliances in areas in which we do not currently operate. Future
acquisitions could require that our management develop expertise in new areas, manage new business
relationships and attract new types of customers. The diversion of our managements attention and
any difficulties encountered in the integration of acquired businesses could have an adverse effect
on the ability to effectively manage our business.
International expansion may be costly, time-consuming and difficult. If we do not successfully
expand internationally, our profitability and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
Our success significantly depends upon our ability to expand in our existing international
markets and enter into new international markets. In expanding our business internationally, we
have entered and intend to continue to enter markets in which we have limited or no experience and
in which our brand may be less recognized. To further promote our brand and generate demand for our
products so as to attract distributors in international markets, we expect to spend more on
marketing and promotion than we do in our existing markets. We may be unable to attract a
sufficient number of distributors, and our selected distributors may not be suitable for selling
our products. Furthermore, in new markets we may fail to anticipate competitive conditions that are
different from those in our existing markets. These competitive conditions may make it difficult or
impossible for us to effectively operate in these markets. If our expansion efforts in existing and
new markets are unsuccessful, our profitability and prospects would be materially and adversely
affected.
We are exposed to other risks associated with international operations, including:
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political instability; |
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economic instability and recessions; |
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changes in tariffs; |
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difficulties of administering foreign operations generally; |
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limited protection for intellectual property rights; |
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obligations to comply with a wide variety of foreign laws and other regulatory requirements; |
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increased risk of exposure to terrorist activities; |
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financial condition, expertise and performance of our international distributors; |
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export license requirements; |
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unauthorized re-export of our products; |
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potentially adverse tax consequences; and |
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inability to effectively enforce contractual or legal rights. |
Consolidation of our customer base and the formation of group purchasing organizations could
adversely affect our revenues.
In recent years, consolidation among health care providers and the formation of purchasing groups
has imposed pricing pressures. Our success in areas of health care provider consolidation and where
purchasing organizations have been formed depends partly on our ability to enter into contracts
with group purchasing organizations and integrated health networks. If we are unable to enter into
contracts with group purchasing organizations and integrated health networks on satisfactory terms
or at all, our revenues would be adversely affected.
We depend on our key personnel, and our business and growth may be severely disrupted if we lose
their services.
Our success significantly depends upon the continued service of our key executives and other key
employees. In particular, we are highly dependent on our co-chief executive officers, Mr. Xu Hang
and Mr. Li Xiting, to manage our business and operations, and on our other key senior management
for the operation of our business. If we lose
the services of any key senior management, we may not be able to locate suitable or qualified
replacements, and may incur additional expenses to recruit and train new personnel, which could
severely disrupt our business and growth. Furthermore, as we expect to continue to expand our
operations and develop new products, we will need to continue attracting and retaining experienced
management, key research and development personnel, and salespeople.
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Competition for personnel in the medical technology field is intense, and the availability of
suitable and qualified candidates in China, particularly Shenzhen, is limited. We compete to
attract and retain qualified research and development personnel with other medical device
companies, universities and research institutions. Competition for these individuals could cause us
to offer higher compensation and other benefits in order to attract and retain them, which could
materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. We previously
awarded share-based compensation in connection with our initial public offering, some of which is
still subject to vesting. We additionally awarded one-time retention bonuses in connection with our
acquisition of Datascopes patient monitoring device business, which will be paid out subject to
certain minimum employment conditions. Such retention awards may cease to be effective to retain
our current employees once the shares are vested and bonus amounts are paid out. We may need to
increase our total compensation costs to attract and retain experienced personnel required to
achieve our business objectives and failure to do so could severely disrupt our business and
growth.
Our business is subject to intense competition, which may reduce demand for our products and
materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and
prospects.
The medical device market is highly competitive, and we expect competition to intensify. In
particular, competition in the government tender arena has continued to intensify in recent years,
creating significant pricing pressure. We face direct competition in China, the U.S. and globally
across all product lines and price points. Our competitors also vary significantly according to
business segments. Our competitors include publicly traded and privately held multinational
companies, as well as local companies in the markets where we sell our products. We face
competition from companies that have local operations in the markets in which we sell our products
who may have lower cost structures, domestic support, or local protect through tariff and
non-tariff barriers. In the U.S., where we compete with a direct sales force and services team, we
face competition from companies that have or may have:
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greater financial and other resources; |
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larger variety of products; |
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more products that have received regulatory approvals; |
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greater pricing flexibility; |
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more extensive research and development and technical capabilities; |
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patent portfolios that may present an obstacle to our conduct of business; |
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greater knowledge of local market conditions where we seek to increase
our international sales; |
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capability to offer vendor financing or leasing arrangements; |
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stronger brand recognition; and |
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larger sales and distribution networks. |
As a result, we may be unable to offer products similar to, or more desirable than, those
offered by our competitors, market our products as effectively as our competitors or otherwise
respond successfully to competitive pressures. In addition, our competitors may be able to offer
discounts on competing products as part of a bundle of non-competing products, systems and
services that they sell to our customers, and we may not be able to profitably match those
discounts. Furthermore, our competitors may develop technologies and products that are more
effective than those we currently offer or that render our products obsolete or uncompetitive. In
addition, the timing of the introduction of competing products into the market could affect the
market acceptance and market share of our products. Our failure to compete successfully could
materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operation and
prospects.
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Moreover, some of our competitors based outside China have established or are in the process
of establishing production and research and development facilities in China, while others have
entered into cooperative business arrangements with Chinese manufacturers. If we are unable to
develop competitive products, obtain regulatory approval or clearance and supply sufficient
quantities to the market as quickly and effectively as our competitors, market acceptance of our
products may be limited, which could result in decreased sales. In addition, we may not be able to
maintain our manufacturing cost advantage. In other emerging markets, we have also seen larger
competitors setting up sizable local businesses or acquiring local competitors or distributors,
which allow them to be more competitive in their pricing and distribution infrastructure.
In addition, we believe that corrupt practices in the medical device industry in China and
certain emerging markets still occur. To increase sales, certain manufacturers or distributors of
medical devices may pay kickbacks or provide other benefits to hospital personnel who make
procurement decisions. Our company policy prohibits these practices by our direct sales personnel
and our distribution agreements require our distributors to comply with applicable law. As a
result, as competition intensifies in the medical device industry in these markets, we may lose
sales, customers or contracts to competitors.
If we fail to accurately project demand for our products, we may encounter problems of inadequate
supply or oversupply, especially with respect to our international markets, which would materially
and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations, as well as damage our
reputation and brand.
Our distributors typically order our products on a purchase order basis. We project demand for
our products based on rolling projections from our distributors, our understanding of anticipated
hospital procurement spending, and distributor inventory levels. Lack of significant order backlog
and the varying sales and purchasing cycles of our distributors and other customers, however, make
it difficult for us to forecast future demand accurately.
Our projections of market demand for our products in countries where we lack a direct sales
force are generally less reliable than in countries where we do have a direct sales force because
we have less information available on which to base our projections. Specifically, we do not have
consistently reliable information regarding international distributor inventory levels in these
markets, and we sometimes lack extensive knowledge of local market conditions or about distributor
purchasing patterns, preferences, or cycles. Furthermore, because shipping finished products to
international distributors typically takes longer than shipping to domestic distributors,
inaccurate demand projections can result more quickly in unmet demand. We additionally may have
unpredictably large tender sales orders for which we may have insufficient inventory to fill along
with the additional orders in our pipeline.
If we overestimate demand, we may purchase more raw materials or components than required. If
we underestimate demand, our third party suppliers may have inadequate raw material or product
component inventories, which could interrupt our manufacturing and delay shipments, and could
result in lost sales. In particular, we are seeking to manage our procurement and inventory costs
by matching our inventories closely with our projected manufacturing needs and by, from time to
time, deferring our purchase of raw materials and components in anticipation of supplier price
reductions. As we seek to balance reduced inventory costs and production flexibility, we may fail
to accurately forecast demand and coordinate our procurement and production to meet demand on a
timely basis. Our underestimation of demand in early 2009, coupled with our decision to defer our
purchase of new raw materials and components in anticipation of a reduction in pricing for certain
raw materials and components at the beginning of a new calendar year, resulted in up to three-week
delays in our product deliveries internationally. Our inability to accurately predict our demand
and to timely meet our demand could materially and adversely affect our financial conditions and
results of operations as well as damage our reputation and corporate brand.
We currently principally rely on three manufacturing, assembly and storage
facilities for our products and are developing two additional facilities. Any disruption to our
current manufacturing facilities or in the development of these new facilities could reduce or
restrict our sales and harm our reputation.
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We manufacture, assemble and store a substantial majority of our products, as well as conduct
some of our research and development activities at our two facilities located in Shenzhen, China.
We also manufacture, assemble and store a significant number of products at our Mahwah, New Jersey
facility. We conduct some of our primary research and development activities at our headquarters.
We do not maintain other back-up facilities, so we depend on these facilities for the continued
operation of our business. A natural disaster or other unanticipated catastrophic events, including
power interruptions, water shortage, storms, fires, earthquakes, terrorist attacks and wars, could
significantly impair our ability to manufacture our products and operate our business, as well as
delay our research and development activities. Our facilities and certain equipment located in
these facilities would be difficult to replace and could require substantial replacement lead-time.
Catastrophic events may also destroy any inventory located in our facilities. The occurrence of
such an event could materially and adversely affect our business.
We are developing a new research and development center adjacent to our headquarters in
Shenzhen. We may experience difficulties that disrupt our manufacturing activities, management and
administration, or research and development as we migrate to this facility. Moreover, we may not
realize its anticipated benefits. Any of these factors could reduce or restrict our sales and harm
our reputation and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of
operations and prospects.
If we are unable to obtain adequate supplies of required materials and components that meet our
production standards at acceptable costs or at all, our ability to accept and fulfill product
orders with the required quality and at the required time could be restricted, which could
materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We purchase raw materials and components from third party suppliers and manufacture and assemble
our products at our facility. Our purchases are generally made on a purchase order basis and we do
not have long-term supply contracts. As a result, our suppliers may cease to provide components to
us with little or no advance notice. In addition, to optimize our cost structure, we rely on single
source suppliers to provide approximately 36% by value of our raw materials and components,
primarily for proprietary integrated circuits for products across our business segments. No single
source supplier accounted for more than 5% of our total supply purchases in 2009. Interruptions
in certain material or component supplies could delay our manufacturing and assembly processes. We
also may be unable to secure alternative supply sources in a timely and cost-effective manner. If
we are unable to obtain adequate supplies of required materials and components that meet our
production standards at acceptable costs or at all, our ability to accept and fulfill product
orders with the required quality, and at the required time could be restricted. This could harm our
reputation, reduce our sales or gross margins, and cause us to lose market share, each of which
could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Failure to successfully manage our growth could strain our management, operational and other
resources, which could materially and adversely affect our business and prospects.
Our growth strategy includes building our brand, increasing market penetration of our existing
products, developing new products, increasing our targeting of large-sized hospitals in China, and
increasing our exports. Pursuing these strategies has resulted in, and will continue to result in
substantial demands on management resources. In particular, the management of our growth will
require, among other things:
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continued enhancement of our research and development capabilities; |
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hiring and training of new personnel; |
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information technology system enhancement; |
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stringent cost controls and sufficient liquidity; |
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strengthening of financial and management controls and information
technology systems; and |
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increased marketing, sales and sales support activities. |
If we are unable to successfully manage our growth, our business and prospects would be
materially and adversely affected.
We may need additional capital, and we may be unable to obtain such capital in a timely manner or
on acceptable terms, or at all.
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For us to grow, remain competitive, develop new products, and expand our distribution network,
we may require additional capital. Our ability to obtain additional capital is subject to a variety
of uncertainties, including:
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our future financial condition, results of operations and cash flows; |
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general market conditions for capital raising activities by medical
device and related companies; and |
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economic, political and other conditions in China and internationally. |
We may be unable to obtain additional capital in a timely manner or on acceptable terms or at
all. Furthermore, the terms and amount of any additional capital raised through issuances of equity
securities may result in significant shareholder dilution.
The
global economic downturn adversely affected, and could
continue adversely affecting, our business and could materially affect our, financial condition and
results of operations.
We
experienced a global economic downturn affecting all areas of business,
including health care. Disruptions in orderly financial markets resulting from, among other
factors, diminished liquidity and credit availability plus volatile valuations of securities and
other investments caused business and consumer confidence to ebb, business activities to slow
down, and unemployment to increase.
We
are unable to predict global economic conditions. The economic downturn
adversely affected and could continue adversely affecting our business in several ways, including:
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Reduced demand for our products. Customers may adopt a
strategy of deferring purchases to upgrade existing
equipment or deploy new equipment until later periods
when visibility of their cash flows becomes more
assured. In addition, customers who must finance their
capital expenditures through various forms of debt may
find financing unavailable to them. |
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Increased pricing pressure and lower margins. Our
competitors include several global enterprises with
relatively greater size in terms of revenues, working
capital, financial resources and number of employees,
and some of our end-users are healthcare service
providers who are typically owned, controlled, or
sponsored by governments. Competition for available
sales may become more intense, which could require us to
offer or accept pricing, payment, or local content terms
which are less favorable to remain competitive. In some
cases we might be unwilling or unable to compete for
business where competitive pressures make a potential
opportunity unprofitable to us. |
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Greater difficulty in collecting accounts
receivable. Many of our end-users are either owned or
controlled by governments; any changes in such
governments policies concerning the authorization or
funding of payments for capital expenditures could
lengthen the cash collection cycle of our distributors,
which may thereby cause our liquidity to deteriorate if
our distributors are unable to pay us on time.
Additionally, sales made to our distributors or other
customers whose financial resources may be subject to
rapid decline, has exposed and could continue to expose
us to losing sales, delaying revenue recognition or
accepting greater collection risks due to credit quality
issues. |
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Greater difficulty in obtaining supplies, components and
related services. Some suppliers or vendors could
choose to provide supplies or services to us on more
stringent payment terms than those currently in place,
such as by requiring advance payment or payment upon
delivery of such supplies or services. Additionally,
some suppliers might experience a worsening financial
condition causing them to either withdraw from the
market or be unable to meet our expected timing for the
receipt of goods ordered from them, either of which
condition could adversely affect our ability to serve
our customers and lengthen the cycle time for
transforming customer orders into cash receipts.
Additionally, if it is necessary to seek alternative
sources of supply, the effects on our costs, cycle time
for cash collections, and customer satisfaction with us
are uncertain. |
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Additional restructuring and impairment charges. If we
are unable to generate the level of revenues, profits,
and cash flow contemplated by our business plan,
management may be forced to take further action to focus
our business activities and align our cost structure
with anticipated revenues. These actions, if necessary
could result in additional restructuring charges and/or
asset impairment charges being recognized in 2010 and
beyond. |
The
economic downturn has been particularly focused on the U.S. and
Europe, which we believe has affected medical product purchasing in
these regions. The economic downturn could continue adversely affecting our business and could materially affect our
financial condition and results of operations.
We depend on information technology, or IT, to support our business operations, the failure of
which would materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and prospects.
We are currently in the process of implementing an SAP ERP system to replace the existing
system of our U.S. and European operations. When we acquired the patient monitoring device
business of Datascope, it shared many hardware and software resources with the business of
Datascope that we did not acquire and was subsequently acquired by another company. This shared
architecture significantly complicates the task of migrating hardware and software to a standalone
IT system. The migration may lead to unforeseen complications and expenses, and our failure to
efficiently migrate the IT system could substantially disrupt our business. Once the
migration is complete, we intend to build a single, globally integrated IT infrastructure
consistent across our China, U.S. and European operations. This integration is complicated by broad
geographies, differing languages and business models between historic Mindray and our acquired
operations. Our failure to successfully integrate our IT systems across our China, U.S. and
European operations could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and management
attention, which could harm our business and competitive position.
The lessors of some of our leased properties may have lacked authority to enter into the
leases. If we are forced to vacate these premises, it could materially disrupt our operations.
Shenzhen Mindray and Nanjing Mindray lease some real properties
for manufacturing purposes. The lessors failed to provide us with the ownership certificates for the leased properties. If the lessors entering into the
lease agreements with Shenzhen Mindray and Nanjing Mindray are not the de facto owners of the leased properties and lacked the authority to enter
into these lease agreements, the validity of these lease agreements
may be contested and we may be forced to vacate these premises, which could materially
disrupt our operations.
If
we fail to protect our intellectual property rights, it could harm our business and competitive
position.
We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws and
non-disclosure agreements and other methods to protect our intellectual property rights. We have
patents and patent applications pending in China covering various products and aspects of our
products. We have patents and have also filed patent applications in the U.S. and Europe, which
cover some of the more commercially significant aspects of our products and technologies.
Due to the different regulatory bodies and varying requirements in the U.S., China and
elsewhere, we may be unable to obtain patent protection for certain aspects of our products or
technologies in either or both of these countries. The process of seeking patent protection can be
lengthy and expensive, our patent applications may fail to result in patents being issued, and our
existing and future patents may be insufficient to provide us with meaningful protection or
commercial advantage. Our patents and patent applications may also be challenged, invalidated or
circumvented.
We also rely on trade secret rights to protect our business through non-disclosure provisions
in employment agreements with employees. If our China-based employees breach their non-disclosure
obligations, we may not have adequate remedies in China, and our trade secrets may become known to
our competitors.
Implementation of PRC intellectual property-related laws has historically been lacking,
primarily because of ambiguities in the PRC laws and enforcement difficulties. Accordingly,
intellectual property rights and confidentiality protections in China may not be as effective as in
the United States or other western countries. Furthermore, policing unauthorized use of proprietary
technology is difficult and expensive, and we may need to resort to litigation to enforce or defend
patents issued to us or to determine the enforceability, scope and validity of our proprietary
rights or those of others. Such litigation and an adverse determination in any such litigation, if
any, could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and management attention, which
could harm our business and competitive position.
We may be exposed to intellectual property infringement and other claims by third parties which, if
successful, could disrupt our business and have a material adverse effect on our financial
condition and results of operations.
Our success depends, in large part, on our ability to use and develop our technology and
know-how without
12
infringing third party intellectual property rights. We periodically receive written
correspondence regarding alleged intellectual property or other
claims by third parties. As we
increase our product sales internationally, and as litigation becomes more common in China, we face
a higher risk of being the subject of claims for intellectual property infringement, invalidity or
indemnification relating to other parties proprietary rights. Our current or potential
competitors, many of which have substantial resources and have made substantial investments in
competing technologies, may have or may obtain patents that will prevent, limit or interfere with
our ability to make, use or sell our products in China, the U.S. or Europe. The validity and scope
of claims relating to medical device technology patents involve complex scientific, legal and
factual questions and analysis and, as a result, may be highly uncertain. In addition, the defense
of intellectual property suits, including patent infringement suits, and related legal and
administrative proceedings can be both costly and time consuming and may significantly divert the
efforts and resources of our technical and management personnel. Furthermore, an adverse
determination in any such litigation or proceedings to which we may become a party could cause us
to:
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pay damage awards; |
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seek licenses from third parties; |
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pay ongoing royalties; |
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redesign our products; or |
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be restricted by injunctions, |
each of which could effectively prevent us from pursuing some or all of our business and result in
our customers or potential customers deferring or limiting their purchase or use of our products,
which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Unauthorized use of our brand names by third parties, and the expenses incurred in developing and
preserving the value of our brand name, may adversely affect our business.
We regard our brand names as critical to our success. Unauthorized use of our brand names by
third parties may adversely affect our business and reputation, including the perceived quality and
reliability of our products. We rely on trademark law, company brand name protection policies, and
agreements with our employees, customers, business partners and others to protect the value of our
brand names. Despite our precautions, we may be unable to prevent third parties from using our
brand names without authorization. In the past, we have experienced unauthorized use of our brand
names in China and have expended resources and the attention and time of our management to
successfully prosecute those who used our brand names without authorization. Moreover, litigation
may be necessary to protect our brand names. However, because the validity, enforceability and
scope of protection of trademarks in the PRC are uncertain and still evolving, we may not be
successful in prosecuting these cases. Future litigation could also result in substantial costs and
diversion of our resources, and could disrupt our business, as well as have a material adverse
effect on our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, we are in the process of
registering our brand names and logos as trademarks in countries outside of China. Our registration
applications may not be successful in certain countries, which could weaken the protection of our
brand names in those countries or may require that we market our products under different names in
those countries.
If we fail to obtain or maintain applicable regulatory clearances or approvals for our products, or
if such clearances or approvals are delayed, we will be unable to commercially distribute and
market our products at all or in a timely manner, which could significantly disrupt our business
and materially and adversely affect our sales and profitability.
The sale and marketing of the medical device products we offer in China are subject to
regulation in China and in most other countries where we conduct business. For a significant
portion of our sales, we need to obtain and renew licenses and registrations with the PRC State
Food and Drug Administration, or SFDA, the United States FDA, and the European regulators
administering CE marks in the European Union. The processes for obtaining regulatory clearances or
approvals can be lengthy and expensive, and the results are unpredictable. In addition, the
relevant regulatory authorities may introduce additional requirements or procedures that have the
effect of delaying or prolonging the regulatory clearance or approval for our existing or new
products. For example, personnel and policy changes at SFDA has slowed the approval process and
delayed some of our planned product launches in 2008. If we are unable to obtain clearances or
approvals needed to market existing or new products, or obtain such clearances or approvals in a
timely fashion, our business would be significantly disrupted, and
our sales and profitability could be materially and adversely affected.
13
We are subject to product liability exposure and have limited insurance coverage. Any product
liability claims or potential safety-related regulatory actions could damage our reputation and
materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our main products are medical devices used in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients,
exposing us to potential product liability claims if their use causes or results in, or is alleged
to have caused or resulted in, in each case either directly or indirectly, personal injuries or
other adverse effects. Any product liability claim or regulatory action could be costly and
time-consuming to defend. If successful, product liability claims may require us to pay substantial
damages. We maintain limited product liability insurance to cover potential product liability
arising from the use of our products. As a result, future liability claims could be excluded or
could exceed the coverage limits of our policy. As we expand our sales internationally and increase
our exposure to these risks in many countries, we may be unable to maintain sufficient product
liability insurance coverage on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. A product liability claim
or potential safety-related regulatory action, with or without merit, could result in significant
negative publicity and materially and adversely affect the marketability of our products and our
reputation, as well as our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Moreover, a material design, manufacturing or quality failure or defect in our products, other
safety issues or heightened regulatory scrutiny could each warrant a product recall by us and
result in increased product liability claims. If authorities in the countries where we sell our
products decide that these products failed to conform to applicable quality and safety
requirements, we could be subject to regulatory action. In China, violation of PRC product quality
and safety requirements may subject us to confiscation of related earnings, penalties, an order to
cease sales of the violating product or to cease operations pending rectification. Furthermore, if
the violation is determined to be serious, our business license to manufacture or sell violating
and other products could be suspended or revoked.
Our quarterly revenues and operating results are difficult to predict and could fall below investor
expectations, which could cause the trading price of our ADSs to decline.
Our quarterly revenues and operating results have fluctuated in the past and may continue to
fluctuate significantly depending upon numerous factors. In particular, the first and third
quarters of each year historically have lower, and the fourth quarter historically has higher,
revenues and operating results than the other quarters of the year. We believe that our weaker
first quarter performance has been largely due to the Chinese Lunar New Year holiday and that our
weaker third quarter performance has largely been due to summer holidays. We believe our stronger
fourth quarter performance has been largely due to our customers spending their remaining annual
budget amounts. Other factors that may affect our quarterly results include:
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global economic conditions; |
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our ability to attract and retain distributors and key customers; |
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changes in pricing policies by us or our competitors; |
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variations in customer purchasing cycles; |
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our sales and delivery cycle length; |
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the timing and market acceptance of new product introductions by us or our competitors; |
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our ability to expand into and further penetrate international markets; |
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the timing of receipt of government incentives; |
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inventory value readjustments due to yearend supplier pricing renegotiation; |
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changes in the industry operating environment; and |
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changes in government policies or regulations, including new product approval
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14
Many of these factors are beyond our control, making our quarterly results difficult to
predict, which could cause the trading price of our ADSs to decline below investor expectations.
You should not rely on our results of operations for prior quarters as an indication of our future
results.
Fluctuations in exchange rates could result in foreign currency exchange losses.
As of December 31, 2009, our cash and cash equivalents were denominated in Renminbi,
U.S. dollars, euros and the British pound. In 2007, we began requiring
payment in euros from
customers located in jurisdictions where the euro is the official currency. As a result,
fluctuations in exchange rates between the Renminbi, the U.S. dollar, the euro and the pound affect
our relative purchasing power, revenue, expenses and earnings per share in U.S. dollars. In
addition, appreciation or depreciation in the value of the Renminbi, euro and the pound relative to
the U.S. dollar could affect our financial results prepared and reported in U.S. dollar terms
without giving effect to any underlying change in our business, financial condition or results of
operations. The Renminbi is pegged against a basket of currencies, determined by the Peoples Bank
of China, against which it can rise or fall by as much as 0.5% each day. The Renminbi may
appreciate or depreciate significantly in value against the U.S. dollar, the euro or the pound in
the long term, depending on the fluctuation of the basket of currencies against which it is
currently valued, or it may be permitted to enter into a full float, which may also result in a
significant appreciation or depreciation of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar, the euro or the
pound. Fluctuations in exchange rates will also affect the relative value of any dividends we
issue, which will be exchanged into U.S. dollars and earnings from and the value of any
U.S. dollar-denominated investments we make. Appreciation of the Renminbi relative to other foreign
currencies could decrease the per unit revenues generated from international sales. If we increased
our international pricing to compensate for the reduced purchasing power of foreign currencies, we
would decrease the market competitiveness, on a price basis, of our products. This could result in
a decrease in our international sales volumes. Very limited hedging instruments are available in
China to reduce our exposure to Renminbi exchange rate fluctuations. While we may decide to enter
into Renminbi hedging transactions, the effectiveness of these hedges may be limited and we may not
be able to successfully hedge our exposure at all. In addition, PRC exchange control regulations
that restrict our ability to convert Renminbi into foreign currencies could magnify our currency
exchange risks. While we may enter into hedging transactions in an effort to reduce our exposure to
other foreign currency exchange risks, the effectiveness of these hedges may be limited and we may
not be able to successfully hedge our exposure at all.
Our revenues and profitability could be materially and adversely affected if there is a disruption
in our existing arrangements with our original design manufacturing and original equipment
manufacturing customers.
In
2008 and 2009, ODM and OEM customers together accounted for 1.1%
and 0.9%, respectively,
of our net revenues. We have invested significant time and resources in cultivating these
relationships. In particular, we are typically required to undergo lengthy product approval
processes with these customers, which in some cases can take more than one year. The length of the
approval process may vary and is affected by a number of factors, including customer priorities,
customer budgets and regulatory issues. Delays in the product approval process could materially and
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, our ODM and
OEM customers may develop their own solutions or adopt a competitors solution for products that
they currently purchase from us. We may be unable to maintain our existing arrangements with our
ODM and OEM customers. In particular, any failure in generating orders from these customers or
decrease in sales to these customers, as well as any adoption by these customers of their own or
our competitors product solutions, could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and
profitability.
If we experience a significant number of warranty claims, our costs could substantially
increase and our reputation and brand could suffer.
We typically sell our products against technical defects with warranty terms covering 12 to
24 months after purchase. Our product warranty requires us to repair all mechanical malfunctions
and, if necessary, replace defective components. We accrue liability for potential warranty claims
at the time of sale. If we experience an increase in warranty claims or if our repair and
replacement costs associated with warranty claims increase significantly, we may have to accrue a
greater liability for potential warranty claims. Moreover, an increase in the frequency of warranty
claims could substantially increase our costs and harm our reputation and brand. Our business,
financial condition, results of operations and prospects may suffer materially if we experience a
significant increase in warranty claims on our products.
Our corporate actions are substantially controlled by our principal shareholders. Our dual-class ordinary share
15
structure with different voting rights could discourage others from pursuing any change of
control transactions that our shareholders may view as beneficial.
Our ordinary shares are divided into Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares.
Holders of Class A ordinary shares are entitled to one vote per share, while holders of Class B
ordinary shares are entitled to five votes per share.
As
of January 29, 2010, three of our shareholders and their affiliated entities
owned approximately 27.5% of our outstanding ordinary shares,
representing approximately 65.1%
of our voting power due to our dual-class ordinary share structure. Our co-chief executive
officers, Mr. Xu Hang and Mr. Li Xiting, and our executive vice president of strategic development,
Mr. Cheng Minghe, through their respective affiliates, hold all of our Class B ordinary shares.
These shareholders will continue to exert control over all matters subject to shareholder vote
until they collectively own less than 20% of our outstanding ordinary shares. This concentration of
voting power may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control or other business combination,
which could deprive you of an opportunity to receive a premium for your ADSs as part of a sale of
our company and might reduce the trading price of our ADSs. The interests of Mr. Xu, Mr. Li, and
Mr. Cheng as officers and employees of our company may differ from their interests as shareholders
of our company or from your interests as a shareholder.
Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents may discourage our acquisition by a third party,
which could limit our shareholders opportunity to sell their shares, including Class A ordinary
shares represented by our ADSs, at a premium.
Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association include provisions that could
limit the ability of others to acquire control of us, modify our structure or cause us to engage in
change of control transactions. These provisions could have the effect of depriving our
shareholders of an opportunity to sell their shares, including Class A ordinary shares represented
by ADSs, at a premium over prevailing market prices by discouraging third parties from seeking to
obtain control of us in a tender offer or similar transaction.
For example, our board of directors has the authority, without further action by our
shareholders, to issue preferred shares in one or more series and to fix the powers and rights of
these shares, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption and
liquidation preferences, any or all of which may be greater than the rights associated with our
Class A ordinary shares. Preferred shares could be issued quickly with terms calculated to delay or
prevent a change in control or make removal of management more difficult. In addition, if our board
of directors authorizes the issuance of preferred shares, the trading price of our ADSs may fall
and the voting and other rights of the holders of our Class A ordinary shares may be materially and
adversely affected.
Certain
actions require the approval of at least two-thirds of our board of
directors present at the relevant board meeting which,
among other things, would allow our non-independent directors to block a variety of actions or
transactions, such as a merger, asset sale or other change of control, even if our independent
directors unanimously voted in favor of such action, thereby further depriving our shareholders of
an opportunity to sell their shares at a premium. In addition, our directors serve staggered terms
of three years each, which means that shareholders can elect or remove only a limited number of our
directors in any given year. The length of these terms could present an additional obstacle against
the taking of action, such as a merger or other change of control, which could be in the interest
of our shareholders.
We may become a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, which could result in
adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. holders.
Depending upon the value of our ordinary shares and ADSs and the nature of our assets and income
over time, we could be classified as a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S.
federal income tax purposes.
We will be
classified as a PFIC in any taxable year if either: (1) at least
50% of the value of our assets, based on an average of the quarterly
values of the assets during a taxable year, is attributable to assets
that produce passive income or are held for the production
of passive income or (2) at least 75% of our
gross income for the taxable year is passive income. According to these technical rules, we would
likely become a PFIC if the value of our outstanding ordinary shares and ADSs were to decrease
significantly while we hold substantial cash and cash equivalents.
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We believe we were not a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes for our taxable year ended
December 31, 2009. Although we intend to conduct our business activities in a manner to reduce the
risk of our classification as a PFIC in the future, we currently hold, and expect to continue to
hold, a substantial amount of cash and other passive
assets, and, because the value of our assets is likely to be determined in large part by reference
to the market prices of our ADSs and ordinary shares, which are likely to fluctuate, there can no
assurance that we will not be classified as a PFIC for 2010 or any future taxable year. If we are a
PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. investor holds our ADSs or ordinary shares, certain
adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences would apply to the U.S. investor.
We may be unable to ensure compliance with United States economic sanctions laws, especially when
we sell our products to distributors over which we have limited control.
The U.S. Department of the Treasurys Office of Foreign Assets Control, or OFAC, administers
certain laws and regulations that impose penalties upon U.S. persons and, in some instances,
foreign entities owned or controlled by U.S. persons, for conducting activities or transacting
business with certain countries, governments, entities or individuals subject to U.S. economic
sanctions, or U.S. Economic Sanctions Laws. We will not use any proceeds, directly or indirectly,
from sales of our ADSs, to fund any activities or business with any country, government, entity or
individual with respect to which U.S. persons or, as appropriate, foreign entities owned or
controlled by U.S. persons, are prohibited by U.S. Economic Sanctions Laws from conducting such
activities or transacting such business. However, we sell our products in international markets
through independent non-U.S. distributors which are responsible for interacting with the end-users
of our products. Some of these independent non-U.S. distributors are located in or conduct business
with countries subject to U.S. economic sanctions such as Cuba, Sudan, Iran, Syria and Myanmar, and
we may not be able to ensure that such non-U.S. distributors comply with any applicable U.S.
Economic Sanctions Laws.
Moreover, if a U.S. distributor or one of our United States subsidiaries, Mindray USA Corp. or
Mindray DS USA Inc., conducts activities or transacts business with a country, government, entity
or individual subject to U.S. economic sanctions, such actions may violate U.S. Economic Sanctions
Laws. As a result of the foregoing, actions could be taken against us that could materially and
adversely affect our reputation and have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial
condition, results of operations and prospects.
We may be unable to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, and
as a result we may be unable to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud.
We are subject to provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act,
or Section 404, requires that we include a report from management on our internal control over
financial reporting in our annual reports on Form 20-F. In addition, our independent registered
public accounting firm must attest to and report on the operating effectiveness of our internal
control over financial reporting. While our management concluded that our internal control over
financial reporting is effective as of December 31, 2008, and our independent registered public
accounting firm reported on our internal controls over financial reporting, our management may
conclude in the future that our internal controls are not effective. Our or our independent public
accounting firms failure to conclude that our internal control over financial reporting is
effective could result in a loss of investor confidence in the reliability of our reporting
processes, which could materially and adversely affect the trading price of our ADSs.
Our reporting obligations as a public company will continue to place a significant strain on
our management, operational and financial resources and systems for the foreseeable future. Our
failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could result in the loss of
investor confidence in the reliability of our financial reporting processes, which in turn could
harm our business and negatively impact the trading price of our ADSs.
Risks Related To Doing Business In China
Changes in Chinas economic, political and social condition could adversely affect our financial
condition and results of operations.
We
conduct a much of our business operations in China and derived over 45%
of our 2009 revenues from sales in China. Accordingly, our business, financial condition, results
of operations and prospects are affected to a significant degree by economic, political and social
conditions in China. The PRC economy differs from the economies of most developed countries in many
respects, including the amount of government involvement, level of development, growth rate,
control of foreign exchange and allocation of resources. The PRC government has implemented various
measures to encourage, but also to control, economic growth and guide the allocation of resources.
Some of these measures benefit the overall PRC economy, but may also have a negative
effect on us.
For example, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by changes
in
tax regulations applicable to us.
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The PRC legal system embodies uncertainties that could limit the legal protections available to you
and us.
The PRC legal system is a civil law system based on written statutes. Unlike common law
systems, it is a system in which decided legal cases have limited precedential value. In 1979, the
PRC government began to promulgate a comprehensive system of laws and regulations governing
economic matters in general. The overall effect of legislation over the past three decades has
significantly increased the protections afforded to various forms of foreign investment in China.
Our PRC operating subsidiaries, Shenzhen Mindray and Nanjiang
Mindray, are foreign-invested enterprises and are subject to
laws and regulations applicable to foreign investment in China as well as laws and regulations
applicable to foreign-invested enterprises. These laws and regulations change frequently, and their
interpretation and enforcement involve uncertainties. For example, we may have to resort to
administrative and court proceedings to enforce the legal protections that we enjoy either by law
or contract. However, since PRC administrative and court authorities have significant discretion in
interpreting and implementing statutory and contractual terms, it may be more difficult to evaluate
the outcome of administrative and court proceedings and the level of legal protection we enjoy than
in more developed legal systems. These uncertainties may also impede our ability to enforce the
contracts we have entered into. As a result, these uncertainties could materially and adversely
affect our business and operations.
Recent PRC regulations relating to offshore investment activities by PRC residents may increase the
administrative burden we face and create regulatory uncertainties that could restrict our overseas
and cross-border investment activity, and a failure by our shareholders who are PRC residents to
make any required applications and filings pursuant to such regulations may prevent us from being
able to distribute profits and could expose us and our PRC resident shareholders to liability under
PRC law.
In October 2005, the PRC State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, promulgated
regulations that require PRC residents and PRC corporate entities to register with and obtain
approvals from relevant PRC government authorities in connection with their direct or indirect
offshore investment activities. These regulations apply to our shareholders who are PRC residents
in connection with our prior and any future offshore acquisitions.
The SAFE regulation required registration by March 31, 2006 of direct or indirect investments
previously made by PRC residents in offshore companies prior to the implementation of the Notice on
Issues Relating to the Administration of Foreign Exchange in Fund-Raising and Reverse Investment
Activities of Domestic Residents Conducted via Offshore Special Purpose Companies on November 1,
2005. In addition, the SAFE regulation required subsequent change
registration for any change of shareholder structure of offshore
companies held by PRC residents. If a PRC shareholder with a direct or indirect stake in an offshore parent company fails to
make the required SAFE registration, including the change
registration, the PRC subsidiaries of such offshore parent company may be
prohibited from making distributions of profit to the offshore parent and from paying the offshore
parent proceeds from any reduction in capital, share transfer or liquidation in respect of the PRC
subsidiaries. Furthermore, failure to comply with the various SAFE registration requirements
described above could result in liability under PRC law for foreign exchange evasion.
We previously notified and urged our shareholders, and the shareholders of the offshore
entities in our corporate group, who are PRC residents to make the necessary applications and
filings, including the change registration, as required under this
regulation for our initial public offering in September
2006 and our secondary
offering in February 2007. However, as these regulations are relatively new and
there is uncertainty concerning their reconciliation with other approval requirements, it is
unclear how they, and any future legislation concerning offshore or cross-border transactions, will
be interpreted, amended and implemented by the relevant government authorities. While we believe
that these shareholders submitted applications with local SAFE offices, some of our shareholders
may not comply with our request to make or obtain any applicable registrations or approvals
required by the regulation or other related legislation. The failure or inability of our PRC
resident shareholders to obtain any required approvals or make any required registrations may
subject us to fines and legal sanctions, prevent us from being able to make distributions or pay
dividends, as a result of which our business operations and our ability to distribute profits to
you could be materially and adversely affected.
We rely principally on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our operating subsidiary
to fund cash and financing requirements, and limitations on the ability of our operating subsidiary
to pay dividends to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business.
We are a holding company, and we rely principally on dividends and other distributions on
equity paid by our operating subsidiary Shenzhen Mindray for our cash and financing requirements,
including the funds necessary to
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pay dividends and other cash distributions to our shareholders,
service any debt we may incur and pay our operating expenses. If Shenzhen Mindray incurs debt on its own behalf, the instruments governing the
debt may restrict its ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us. Furthermore,
relevant PRC laws and regulations permit payments of dividends by Shenzhen Mindray and Nanjing Mindray only out of their respective
retained earnings, if any, determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations.
Under PRC laws and regulations, Shenzhen Mindray, Nanjing Mindray and Beijing Mindray are required to set aside a portion of their respective net
income each year to fund certain statutory reserves. These reserves, together with the registered
equity, are not distributable as cash dividends. As of December 31, 2009, the amount of these
restricted portions of Shenzhen Mindray was approximately
RMB525 million. As a result of these PRC laws and
regulations, Shenzhen Mindray and Nanjing Mindray are restricted in their abilities to transfer a portion of their respective net assets
to us whether in the form of dividends, loans or advances. Limitations on the ability of Shenzhen
Mindray and Nanjing Mindray to pay dividends to us could adversely limit our ability to grow, make investments or
acquisitions that could be beneficial to our businesses, pay dividends, or otherwise fund and
conduct our business.
Restrictions on currency exchange may limit our ability to utilize our revenues effectively.
A significant portion of our revenues and a majority of our operating expenses are denominated
in Renminbi. The Renminbi is currently convertible under the current account, which includes
dividends, trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions, but not under the capital
account, which includes foreign direct investment and loans. Currently, Shenzhen Mindray and Nanjing Mindray may
purchase foreign exchange for settlement of current account transactions, including payment of
dividends to us, without the approval of SAFE. However, the relevant PRC governmental authorities
may limit or eliminate our ability to purchase foreign currencies. Since a significant portion of
our future revenues will be denominated in Renminbi, any existing and future restrictions on
currency exchange may limit our ability to utilize revenues generated in Renminbi to fund our
business activities outside of China denominated in foreign currencies. Foreign exchange
transactions under the capital account are still subject to limitations and require approvals from,
or registration with, SAFE and other relevant PRC governmental authorities. This could affect the
ability of Shenzhen Mindray and Nanjing Mindray to obtain foreign exchange through debt or equity financing, including
by means of loans or capital contributions from us.
The discontinuation of any of the preferential tax treatments or the financial
incentives currently available to us in the PRC could adversely affect our financial condition and
results of operations.
The China Enterprise Income Tax Law, or the New EIT Law, and its implementing rules
became effective on January 1, 2008. The New EIT Law significantly curtails tax incentives granted
to foreign-invested enterprises, or FIEs, under the previous tax law. Shenzhen Mindray and Beijing
Mindray are FIEs. The New EIT Law, however, (i) reduces the top EIT rate from
33% to 25%, (ii) permits companies to continue to enjoy their existing tax incentives, subject to
certain transitional phase-out rules, and (iii) introduces new tax incentives, subject to various
qualification criteria. The New EIT Law and its implementing rules permit qualified New and
Hi-Tech Enterprises to enjoy a reduced 15% EIT rate. The published qualification criteria
are more difficult to meet than those prescribed by the old tax rules under which we had been
granted preferential treatment. Shenzhen Mindray had obtained a
qualification certificate of New and Hi-Tech Enterprise status on December 16, 2008, with a valid period of three years starting
from 2008 to 2010, and Beijing Mindray had obtained a qualification
certificate of New and Hi-Tech Enterprises status on
December 24, 2008, with a valid period of three years starting
from 2008 to 2010. However, the continued qualification for New
and Hi-Tech Enterprise Status
for calendar year 2010 and beyond will be subject to annual evaluation by the relevant government
authority in China. In addition, Shenzhen Mindray and Beijing Mindray will need to apply for an
additional three-year extension upon the expiration of the current
qualification if
they desire to continue to enjoy the 15% reduced rate. Shenzhen Mindray and Beijing Mindray may not
continue to qualify as New and Hi-Tech Enterprises under the New EIT Law, or local tax authorities
may change their position and revoke any of our past preferential tax treatments. The
discontinuation of any of our preferential tax treatments could materially increase our tax
obligations.
Shenzhen
Mindray was also recently awarded Nationwide Key Software
Enterprise status for calendar year 2009. Under the current tax
policies for software and integrated circuit industries, the status will allow Shenzhen Mindray to enjoy a single unified 10% EIT rate applicable for the 2009
calendar year. We anticipate this status will reduce our overall 2009
income taxes by approximately $8.6 million, which we will record in the first quarter of 2010. Nationwide Key Software Enterprise status is granted on an annual basis and is subject to annual review by the relevant government anthority in China. Shenzhen Mindray may not
be granted this status for 2010 or in any future year.
Under the phase-out rules of New EIT Law, enterprises established before the
promulgation date of the New EIT Law and which were granted preferential EIT treatment under the
then effective tax laws or regulations may continue to enjoy their preferential tax treatments
until their expiration. Accordingly, Beijing Mindray, an enterprise established before the
promulgation date of the New EIT Law, will continue to enjoy its preferential treatment under the
phase-out rules, under which it will continue to enjoy the 50% reduction of the EIT for the taxable
years of 2008 to 2010.
Another
PRC subsidiary, Nanjing Mindray, was entitled to an
EIT exemption for two years from 2008 to 2009 and is currently
entitled to a 50% tax reduction
from 2010 to 2012.
19
Pursuant to a PRC tax policy intended to encourage the development of software and integrated
circuit industries, our primary operating subsidiary in the PRC, Shenzhen Mindray, has been
entitled to a refund of VAT paid at a rate of 14% of the sale value of self-developed
software that is embedded in our products since 2001. The
amount of VAT refunds included in revenue in 2008 and 2009 was $21.8 million and $24.8 million,
respectively. This VAT refund policy is scheduled to end on December
31, 2010. If the PRC tax authority does not issue a new preferential treatment for the software and integrated circuit industries for the
refund of VAT after December 31, 2010, it could significantly reduce or eliminate our prefrential tax treatment.
Any increase in the EIT rate applicable to us or discontinuation or
reduction of any of the preferential tax treatments or financial incentives currently enjoyed by
our PRC subsidiaries and affiliated entity could adversely affect our business, operating results
and financial condition.
We may be classified as a resident enterprise for PRC enterprise income tax purposes. This
classification could result in unfavorable tax consequences to us and our non-PRC shareholders.
The New EIT Law provides that enterprises established outside of China whose de facto
management bodies are located in China are considered resident enterprises and are generally
subject to the uniform 25% EIT rate on their worldwide income. A recent circular
issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation regarding the standards used to classify certain
Chinese-invested enterprises established outside of China as resident enterprises states that
dividends paid by such resident enterprises and other income paid by such resident enterprises
will be considered to be PRC source income, subject to PRC withholding tax, currently at a rate of
10%, when received or recognized by non-PRC resident enterprise shareholders. This recent circular
also subjects such resident enterprises to various reporting requirements with the PRC tax
authorities. Under the implementation regulations to the New EIT Law, a de facto management body
is defined as a body that has material and overall management and control over the manufacturing
and business operations, personnel and human resources, finances and assets of an enterprise. In
addition, the recent circular mentioned above specifies that certain Chinese-invested enterprises
will be classified as resident enterprises if the following are located or resident in China:
senior management personnel and departments that are responsible for daily production, operation
and management; financial and personnel decision-making bodies; key properties, accounting books,
company seal, and minutes of board meetings and shareholders meetings; and half or more of senior
management or directors having voting rights.
If the PRC tax authorities determine that we are a resident enterprise, a number of
unfavorable PRC tax consequences could follow. First, we will be subject to income tax at the rate
of 25% on our worldwide income. Second, although under the New EIT Law and its implementing rules,
dividends paid to our Hong Kong company and ultimately to our Cayman Islands company from our PRC
subsidiaries would qualify as tax-exempted income, we cannot assure you that such dividends will
not be subject to a 10% withholding tax, as the PRC foreign exchange control authorities, which
enforce the withholding tax, have not yet issued guidance with respect to the processing of
outbound remittances to entities that are treated as resident enterprises for PRC EIT purposes. Finally, dividends payable by us to our investors and gain on the sale of our shares
may become subject to PRC withholding tax as described below. This could have the effect of
increasing our and our shareholders effective income tax rate and could also have an adverse effect on our net income
and results of operations, and may require us to deduct withholding tax amounts from any dividends
we pay to our non-PRC shareholders.
Dividends payable by us to our foreign investors and gain on the sale of our ADSs or ordinary
shares may become subject to withholding taxes under PRC tax laws.
20
Under the New EIT Law and its implementation rules, to the extent that we are considered a
resident enterprise which is domiciled in China, PRC withholding income tax at the rate of 10%
is applicable to dividends payable by us to investors that are non-resident enterprises so long
as such non-resident enterprise investors do not have an establishment or place of business in
China or, despite the existence of such establishment or place of business in China, the relevant
income is not effectively connected with such establishment or place of business in China.
Similarly, any gain realized on the transfer of our shares or ADSs by such investors is also
subject to a 10% PRC withholding income tax if such gain is regarded as income derived from sources
within China and we are
considered a resident enterprise which is domiciled in China for PRC
enterprise income tax purposes. Additionally, there is a possibility
that the relevant PRC tax authorities may take the view that our purpose is a holding company, and the capital gain derived by
our overseas shareholders or ADS holders from the share transfer is
deemed China-sourced income, in which case such capital gain may be
subject to PRC withholding tax. It is possible that future guidance issued with respect
to the new resident enterprise classification could result in a situation in which a withholding
tax of 10% for our non-PRC enterprise investors or a
individual income tax of 20% for
individual investors is imposed on dividends we pay to them and with respect to gains derived by
such investors from transferring our shares or ADSs. In addition to the uncertainty in how the new
resident enterprise classification could apply, it is also possible that the rules may change in
the future, possibly with retroactive effect. If we are required under the new New EIT Law to
withhold PRC income tax on our dividends payable to our foreign shareholders and ADS holders who
are non-resident enterprises, or if you are required to pay PRC income tax on the transfer of our
shares or ADSs under the circumstances mentioned above, the value of your investment in our shares
or ADSs may be materially and adversely affected. It is unclear whether, if we are considered a PRC
resident enterprise, holders of our shares or ADSs would be able to claim the benefit of income
tax treaties or agreements entered into between China and other countries or areas.
We may be unable to enjoy the favorable 5% treaty-based rate of income tax withholding for any
dividends our PRC subsidiaries pay to us through our Hong Kong holding companies.
The PRC State Administration of Taxation promulgated a tax notice on October 27, 2009, or
Circular 601, which provides that tax treaty benefits will be denied to conduit or shell
companies without business substance, and a beneficial ownership analysis will be used based on a
substance-over-form principle to determine whether or not to grant tax treaty benefits. It is
unclear at this early stage whether Circular 601 applies to dividends from our PRC subsidiaries
paid to us through our Hong Kong subsidiaries. It is possible, however, that under Circular 601 our
Hong Kong subsidiaries would not be considered to be the beneficial owners of any such dividends,
and that such dividends would as a result be subject to income tax withholding at the rate of 10%
rather than the favorable 5% rate applicable under the tax treaty between mainland China and Hong
Kong.
21
BUSINESS
Overview
We are a leading developer, manufacturer and marketer of medical devices worldwide. We
maintain our global headquarters in Shenzhen, China, U.S. headquarters in Mahwah, New Jersey and
multiple sales offices in major international markets. From our main manufacturing and engineering
base in China and through our worldwide distribution network, we supply internationally a broad
range of products across three primary business segments, comprising patient monitoring and life
support products, in-vitro diagnostic products and medical imaging systems. We provide after-sales
services to distributors and hospitals in China through 30 local offices based in provincial
capital cities. We also provide after-sales services to hospitals in the U.S., the United Kingdom
and France where we have direct sales.
We sell our products through different distribution channels in different geographies. In
China, we sell our products primarily to third-party distributors. We believe we have one of the largest
distribution, sales and service networks for medical devices in China with more than 2,400
distributors and approximately 1,200 sales and sales support personnel as of December 31, 2009.
In China, we also sell our products directly to hospitals, clinics, government health bureaus, and
to ODM and OEM customers. Outside of China, we sell our products through more than 1,500
third-party distributors and through our sales force of approximately 150 based in the
U.S., the United Kingdom, and France, as of December 31, 2009.
We employ a vertically integrated operating model that enables us to efficiently develop,
manufacture and market quality products at competitive prices. Our research and development team
and our manufacturing department work closely together to optimize manufacturing processes and
develop commercially viable products. In addition, they incorporate regular feedback from our sales
and marketing personnel, enabling us to timely and cost-effectively introduce products tailored to
end-user needs. Furthermore, our research and development and manufacturing operations, which are
based primarily in China, provide us with a distinct competitive advantage in international markets
by enabling us to leverage low-cost technical expertise, labor, raw materials, and facilities.
We have made and expect to continue making substantial investments in research and development
activities, investing approximately 10% of our net revenues in research and development in 2007,
2008, and 2009. We currently have research and development centers located in Shenzhen, Beijing,
and Nanjing, China. We also maintain research and development centers in Seattle, Washington,
Mahwah, New Jersey, and Stockholm, Sweden. We believe that our emphasis on research and
development investment is the most important core competency we have to achieve our historic growth
and maintain growth possibilities going forward. We maintain what we believe is the largest
research and development team of any medical device manufacturer based in China. As of December
31, 2009, we had more than 1,400 engineers in multiple research and development centers in both
China and the U.S. Our research and development headquarters in Shenzhen coordinates our global
research and development efforts, leveraging the core competencies of each of our centers.
We commenced operations in 1991 through our predecessor entity. We were incorporated as
Mindray International Holdings Limited in the Cayman Islands on June 10, 2005, an exempted company
with limited liability under the Companies Law, Cap. 22 (Law 3 of 1961, as consolidated and
revised) of the Cayman Islands, or the Companies Law. In March 2006, we changed our name to Mindray
Medical International Limited.
Our principal executive offices are located at Mindray Building, Keji 12th Road South, Hi-tech
Industrial Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, Peoples Republic of China, and our telephone number is
(86-755) 2658-2888. Our website address is http://www.mindray.com. Information on our website does
not constitute part of this prospectus.
Products
We have three primary product business segments patient monitoring and life support
products, in-vitro diagnostic products and medical imaging systems and produce a range of
medical devices across these business segments.
22
Over the past three years, we have significantly expanded our geographic scope and increased
the percentage of our revenues generated by international sales. Our products have been sold in
more than 160 countries, and international sales accounted for 53.9% of our net revenues in 2009.
We typically obtain a CE mark and FDA 510(k) clearance for the products we intend to market
internationally. A CE mark certifies full compliance with the Medical Device Directives of the
European Union and enables us to market the products in any member state of the European Union. We
declare the CE mark ourselves for our in-vitro diagnostic products pursuant to the relevant
regulation of European Union, and the remaining are issued by TUV. The CE mark issued by TUV
demonstrates that not only has a representative sample of the product been evaluated, tested, and
approved for safety, but also that the production line has been inspected on an annual basis. FDA
510(k) clearance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, is required to market any of
the medical devices in our current product portfolio in the United States.
The chart below provides selected summary information about the products that we introduced in
2009:
|
|
|
|
|
Business Segment |
|
Products |
|
Description |
Patient Monitoring and Life
support products
|
|
WATO EX20/30
|
|
A basic version of anesthesia
machine |
|
|
Hylite 6700/6500 and Hybase 6100
|
|
First generation of surgical
light and surgical bed |
|
|
Hypart 3000/6000/8000
|
|
Surgical suite
equipment to be used along with
our surgical light, surgical
bed, patient monitors and
anesthesia machines |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beneheart D6
|
|
Defibrilator |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Netguard |
|
Clinical Alert System |
|
|
|
|
|
Medical Imaging Systems
|
|
DC-7
|
|
Higher end cart-based color
ultrasound system |
|
|
DP-6900
|
|
Portable B/W ultrasound system |
|
|
DigiEye 760
|
|
Digital radiography system |
|
|
|
|
|
In-Vitro Diagnostic Products
|
|
BC5800
|
|
More advanced 5-part hematology
analyzer |
23
Patient Monitoring and Life Support Products
Patient monitoring devices. Our patient monitoring devices track the physiological parameters
of patients, such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiration and temperature. We currently offer
patient monitoring devices that are suitable for adult, pediatric and neonatal
patients and are used principally in hospital intensive care units, operating rooms and emergency
rooms. Our product line offers customers a broad range of functionality, such as single- and
multiple-parameter monitors, mobile and portable multifunction monitors, central stations that can
collect and display multiple patient data on a single screen, and an electro-cardiogram monitoring
device. Our multi-parameter monitoring devices can be networked, allowing hospitals to remotely
gather patient data from patient rooms and centralize that data in a single location. Our patient
monitoring devices also have built-in recorders and have batteries for portability in most models,
as well as power backup in the event of power failure in mobile models. We also offer a line of
veterinary monitoring devices.
Life support products. We are also actively expanding the range of our life support products.
We currently offer anesthesia machines and a
defibrillator, which we introduced in 2009. We also introduced surgical beds and surgical lights in
2009.
Sales of our patient monitoring and life support products accounted for 36.2%, 44.5%, and
43.9% of our total net revenues in 2007, 2008, and 2009, respectively.
In-vitro Diagnostic Products
Our in-vitro diagnostic products provide data and analysis on blood, urine and other bodily
fluid samples for clinical diagnosis and treatment. We offer a range of semi-automated and
fully-automated in-vitro diagnostic products for laboratories, clinics and hospitals to perform
analysis to detect and quantify various substances in the patient samples. Our current product
portfolio consists of in-vitro diagnostic products in two primary product categories:
hematology analyzers and biochemistry analyzers.
Hematology analyzers. Our hematology analyzers test blood samples to detect abnormalities or
foreign substances. For example, our hematology analyzers can be used to detect blood diseases,
such as anemia, and to screen to differentiate between illnesses caused by viruses from those
caused by bacteria. We currently offer semi-automated and fully-automated three-part differential
analyzers and fully-automated five-part differential analyzers (analyzers of three or five
different types of white blood cells) with the ability to analyze a broad range of parameters
through the use of reagents.
Biochemistry analyzers. Our biochemistry analyzers measure the concentration or activity of
substances such as enzymes, proteins and substrates. These analyzers may be used as therapeutic
drug monitors or to check for drug abuse. Our leading biochemistry analyzer, the BS-200 automated
analyzer, can hold up to 40 samples at a time with up to 40 reagents, allowing for up to 200 tests per hour.
We also offer reagents for use with our in-vitro diagnostic products. A reagent is a substance
used in the chemical reactions analyzed by our in-vitro diagnostic products. We offer more than
70 reagents for hematology analyzers and 45 reagents for biochemistry analyzers. We
also offer reagents that can be used in diagnostic laboratory instruments produced by other
international and China-based manufacturers. This ongoing consumption and resulting need to order
additional reagents creates a recurring revenue stream for us. As we expand our line of reagents
available for sale in China and continue to grow our installed base of in-vitro diagnostic products
and offer products with the ability to run more tests per hour, we anticipate that the recurring
revenue stream from domestic reagent sales will likewise grow. Reagent sales accounted for 12.6%,
15.3%, and 19.9% of our in-vitro diagnostic products segment revenues in 2007, 2008, and 2009,
respectively.
24
Sales of our in-vitro diagnostic products, including sales of reagents, accounted for 31.2%,
25.1%, and 24.5% of our total net revenues in 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively.
Medical Imaging Systems
Our medical imaging systems segment includes both ultrasound systems and digital radiography
systems. Our ultrasound systems use computer-managed sound waves to produce real time images of
anatomical movement and blood flow. Ultrasound systems are commonly employed in medical fields such
as urology, gynecology, obstetrics and cardiology. We currently sell black and white and color portable and mobile
ultrasound systems, and offer a broad range of transducers to enhance the adaptability of these
products for a variety of applications. We believe this variety and adaptability increases customer
appeal and broadens our potential client base.
Our digital radiography systems use flat-panel detectors to capture images. Digital
radiography systems shorten X-ray exposure time compared to traditional film-based
radiography systems. The detector design eliminates manual activities, hastens treatment, improves
patient comfort and provides greater cost efficiency. In 2008, we introduced our first digital
radiography system, the DigiEye560T. In 2009, we introduced an additional digital radiography
system, the DigiEye760.
Our medical imaging systems segment accounted for 31.1%, 25.4%, and 25.6% of our total net
revenues in 2007, 2008, and 2009, respectively.
Distribution, Direct Sales
Third Party Distributor Network in China
As of December 31, 2009, our nationwide distribution and sales network in China consisted of
more than 2,400 distributors and 1,200 sales and sales support personnel located in
30 offices in almost every province in China. Our distribution network broadens our customer reach and enhances
our ability to further penetrate the market in China within a short period of time. Exclusive
distributors have the exclusive right to sell one or more of our products in a defined territory.
In a given territory we may have several distributors selling different products on an exclusive
basis if their customers or use-fields are specified differently. We often select exclusive
distributors from our pool of non-exclusive distributors based on their prior sales performance for
us. We also make selections based on factors such as sales experience, knowledge of medical
equipment, contacts in the medical community, reputation and market coverage. We grant the majority
of our distributors in China an exclusive right to sell a particular product or set of products
within a specified territory or country. We actively manage our distribution network, regularly
reviewing distributor performance and terminating distributors due to underperformance. Our
distribution agreements are typically negotiated and renewed on an annual basis. None of our
distributors accounted for more than 2% of our net revenues in each of the past three years.
Prior to shipment, our exclusive distributors in China typically pay between 30% and 100% of the
purchase price for products.
Tender Sales in China
We make tender sales in China through government-run tender sale processes. When we make
tender sales to central or provincial level medical equipment purchasing agents, we enter into a
binding contract for each sale. The payment terms for these contracts vary widely and are dictated
by non-negotiable, standard government bidding contracts, which often provide for a smaller
percentage of the total purchase price paid at the time of delivery. China-based tender sales and
after-sales services provided to government agency customers accounted for 24.8%, 15.3%, and 17.4%
of our net domestic revenues, in 2007, 2008, and 2009, respectively.
Our International Third Party Distribution Network
25
As of December 31, 2009, our international distribution and sales network consisted of more
than 1,500 distributors covering more than 160 countries. We grant a minority of our
international distributors an exclusive right to sell a particular product or set of products
within a specified territory or country.
Our international distributors typically pay the entire purchase price or provide a letter of
credit for the products they order. We also extend credit to selected distributors in the United
States and Europe. As we expand our international sales to distributors in developed countries, we
sometimes provide credit terms to qualified distributors that we believe are consistent with
prevailing market practices in their distribution areas. The majority of our credit extended to
international distributors is covered by our export credit insurance. To those distributors who
meet their sales targets and pay their receivables, we provide a predetermined amount of credit
which can be exchanged for our products. Over the last three years, we have not recognized any
significant losses relating to payment terms provided to our distributors.
International Direct Sales
We have direct sales channels in the U.S., United Kingdom and France. As of December 31, 2009,
we employed a sales team in these regions of approximately 150 sales agents, who have
relationships with hospitals, medical clinics and doctors throughout their sales regions. Typical
credit terms to direct sales customers are 90 to 100 days, which we believe range below the
industry average.
Marketing
We focus our marketing efforts on establishing business relationships and growing our brand
recognition, which primarily involve attending and sponsoring exhibitions and seminars pertaining
to our product offerings. In 2009, we attended or sponsored more than 800 medical exhibitions and
seminars. We also conduct on-site demonstrations of our products at hospitals on a regular basis,
and we often offer new customers one of our products at a discounted rate. We also advertise in
industry publications that cater to distributors of medical devices, industry experts or doctors.
Customers
We have three categories of customers: (i) distributors, (ii) original design manufacturers,
or ODM customers, and original equipment manufacturers, or OEM customers, and (iii) hospitals and
government agencies to whom we sell directly. Our customer base is widely dispersed both on a
geographic and a revenues basis. Our largest customer in each of the past three years was an ODM
customer that accounted for 1.7%, 0.9%, and 0.7% of our net revenues in 2007, 2008, and 2009,
respectively. Our ten largest customers based on net revenues collectively accounted for 10.0%,
6.4%, and 5.5% of our net revenues in 2007, 2008, and 2009, respectively.
Our distributors. Sales to our distributors make up the substantial majority of our revenues,
both on a segment by segment basis and in the aggregate. As of December
31, 2009, we had more than 2,400 distributors in China and more than 1,500 additional
distributors internationally.
ODM and OEM customers. We manufacture products for ODM customers based on our own designs and
employing our own intellectual property, while we manufacture products for OEM customers based on
their product designs. Although ODM and OEM products gross margins tend to be lower than those of
our own branded products, ODM and OEM products provide us with an additional source of income
generally generated through bulk orders. Our ODM customers also pay us a fee to help offset the
research and development costs of developing the technologies associated with the ODM products they
purchase from us. ODM and OEM clients accounted for 5.9%, 1.1%, and 0.9% of our net revenues in
2007, 2008, and 2009, respectively.
Hospital and government agency customers. In China, our hospital and government agency
customers primarily include hospitals, as well as central and provincial level public health
bureaus and population and family planning bureaus. These customers typically place large volume
orders that are awarded based on bids submitted by competing medical equipment companies through a
state-owned bidding agent, and we count them as government tender sales. In some cases, these
customers do not engage a bidding agent to solicit competitive bids from several vendors, and we
are allowed to negotiate directly with them, in which case we count these sales as direct sales.
26
Internationally, our direct sales force in the U.S., United Kingdom and France sells primarily
to hospitals with 300 or fewer beds, as well as surgery centers, private clinics, and veterinary
clinics.
Customer Support and Service
China
We believe that we have the largest customer support and service team for medical devices in
China, with more than 250 employees located in our headquarters in Shenzhen and our 30 offices
in China as of December 31, 2009. This enables us to provide domestic training, technical support,
and warranty, maintenance and repair services to end-users of our products, as well as distributor
support and service.
|
|
|
End-User Support and Service. In 2009, we conducted more than 100 training sessions in hospitals throughout China and almost 200
training sessions at our headquarters in Shenzhen and our offices in
China. We also maintain a customer service center in Shenzhen for
channeling customer needs for preliminary technical support and repair
for products sold. For support issues that require a site visit or for
maintenance and repair requests, we maintain maintenance and repair
personnel as well as supplies of parts and components at our China
offices. We believe our domestic support and service capabilities give
us a significant advantage over our competitors, as they enable us to
respond timely to requests for support, maintenance, and repair, which
in turn creates and reinforces positive impressions of our brand. |
|
|
|
|
Distributor Support and Service. In addition to ensuring that our
brand is associated with high quality products and responsive service,
our customer support and service employees work with our distributors
in a wide range of areas to help them become more effective. In
particular, we can assist our distributors in establishing a series of
best practices in their approach to sales and marketing management,
helping them identify market opportunities, and providing feedback on
their sales performance and customer relations. |
We also provide our distributors with technical support, including training in the basic
technologies of the products they sell, participating in presentations to potential customers, and
assisting in preparing bidding documents for large volume purchase contracts awarded through
competitive bidding and tenders. By working closely with our domestic distributors, our customer
support and service employees are able to provide us valuable insights into the operations of each
local distributor, which help us ensure that each distributor is able to operate effectively for
us.
International
In several of the countries where we have direct sales, particularly the U.S., United Kingdom
and France, we also provide substantial after-sales services. Our service solutions business
provides support with an array of integrated solutions, from project management and network
installations, to comprehensive technology maintenance programs. The dedicated service offers
clinical engineering partnership programs and rapid emergency service response, optimizing product
performance and clinical results.
In our other international markets, we rely on our distributors to provide after-sales
services. We provide technical support and training to our international distributors on an ongoing
basis. When we conduct our training and technical support visits to the locations of our
international distributors, we also take the opportunity to meet with a sample of end-users in that
market to gather feedback on our products as well as market information such as levels of
satisfaction, price information and specific functions desired from end-users serviced by our
distributors.
We also maintain international sales and service offices. As our international markets
mature, we will consider adding additional offices to assist with sales and support.
27
Manufacturing and Assembly
We currently have two principal manufacturing facilities in China and a final assembly and
testing facility in Mahwah, New Jersey for some of our products.
Both of our China-based facilities are ISO 9001 and ISO 13485 certified. We continue to
manufacture and assemble our in-vitro diagnostic products in our older China-based facility, which
is approximately 280,000 square feet in size. We manufacture and assemble patient monitoring and
life support products and medical imaging systems in our new China-based facility, which is
approximately 820,000 square feet in size.
As part of our overall strategy to lower production costs through our vertically integrated
operating model, we have made substantial investments in our in-house manufacturing infrastructure
to complement our research and development and product design activities. In particular, we seek to
achieve the following objectives:
|
|
|
Increase use of common resources within and across products. By
identifying resources that can be commonly applied within and across
products, we are able to purchase raw materials and components in
greater quantities, which often results in reduced material and
component costs. As we improve existing products and develop new
products, we look to carry over common resources. The cost of the new
or improved product can be reduced as a result of the lower costs
already in place from volume purchases. As more products utilize
common resources, the resulting increased purchases of common
resources further reduce costs, with benefits across a range of
products. |
|
|
|
|
Increase use of in-house manufactured components. To better optimize
the benefit of our use of common resources across business segments
and increasing sales levels, we produce the majority of the components
that go into our products. As we continue to refine our use of common
resources and grow our revenues, we anticipate creating additional
economies of scale, allowing us to move additional component
production in-house, thereby lowering our production costs. |
|
|
|
|
Increase use of common manufacturing and assembly practices within and
across business segments. We continually seek to identify common
manufacturing and assembly practices both within and across business
segments. By identifying common manufacturing and assembly practices
for new products, we seek to reduce capital outlays for new
manufacturing equipment. This also allows us to spread our
manufacturing team across fewer manufacturing and assembly stations,
creating a streamlined manufacturing and assembly workflow. We believe
this increases employee efficiency, with employees required to learn
to manufacture or assemble fewer components, and reduces our training
costs. |
We believe that by increasingly using common resources, manufacturing components in-house and
using common manufacturing and assembly practices, we will be able to maintain or improve our
competitive cost structure.
Our manufacturing strategy also incorporates strategic outsourcing. In particular, we
outsource components that we believe can more efficiently and cost-effectively be produced by third
party providers. Major outsourced components include integrated circuits, electronic components,
raw materials and chemicals for reagents, and valves. Other components outsourced in the
manufacturing process include various types of other electrical and plastic parts that are
generally readily available in sufficient quantities from our local suppliers.
Consistent to our overall strategy of maintaining a China-based manufacturing infrastructure
and leveraging our vertically integrated operating model, we have taken steps to transfer
traditionally outsourced manufacturing contracts by our acquired U.S. operations to our in-house
manufacturing infrastructure in China. The ongoing process to transfer our manufacturing from
outsourcing to in-house production in China is part of our effort to realize cost synergies in
relation to our acquisition of Datascopes patient monitoring device business.
We purchase components for our products from more than 500 suppliers, most of whom have
long-term business relationships with us. No single supplier accounted for more than 3% of our
supply purchases in 2008 or 2009. Since we have multiple suppliers for most of our components, we
believe it is beneficial not to have
long-term supply contracts with our suppliers; accordingly we generally enter into annual
contracts. In particular, having the ability to negotiate price reductions on a periodic basis has
allowed us to reduce our component costs and to maintain our profit margins.
28
We have our own independent quality control system, and devote significant attention to
quality control for the designing, manufacturing, assembly, and testing of our products. In
particular, we have established a quality control system in accordance with SFDA regulations. In
addition, we obtained ISO 9001 certification and ISO 13485 certification issued by both TUV and
Beijing Hua Guang. We have received international certifications for various products including FDA
clearance letters, Canadian Medical Device Licenses and CE marks. We inspect components prior to
assembly, and inspect and test our products both during and after their manufacture and assembly.
Each of our products is typically sold with a 12 to 24-month warranty against technical
defects. If necessary, we will exchange a defective product. However, we do not accept any returns
for a refund of the purchase price. The costs associated with our warranty claims have historically
been low though we do accrue a liability for potential warranty costs at the time of sale based on
historical default rates and estimated associated costs.
Intellectual Property
We believe we have developed a valuable portfolio of intellectual property rights to protect
the technologies, inventions and improvements that we believe are significant to our business,
which includes issued patents in China and pending patent applications in China, the U.S. and
Europe. Moreover, we possess proprietary technology and know-how in manufacturing processes,
design, and engineering. We plan to expand our portfolio of intellectual property rights in
overseas markets as we increase our sales in those markets.
We have not filed for patent protection in Asian countries other than China based on our
assessment of risks of third party infringement of our intellectual property in those markets and
the costs of obtaining patent protection there. In general, while we seek patent protection for our
proprietary technologies in major markets such as China, the U.S. and Europe, we do not rely solely
on our patents to maintain our competitive position, and we believe that development of new
products and improvements of existing products at competitive costs has been and will continue to
be important to maintaining our competitive position. We will continue to evaluate our patent
filing decisions based on cost/benefit analyses. See Risk Factors Risks Relating to Our
Business and Industry Unauthorized use of our brand name by third parties, and the expenses in
developing and preserving the value of our brand name, may adversely affect our business.
Our success in the medical equipment industry depends in substantial part on effective
management of both intellectual property assets and infringement risks. In particular, we must be
able to protect our own intellectual property as well as minimize the risk that any of our products
infringes on the intellectual property rights of others.
We perform intellectual property due diligence studies on trademarks and patents, using both
in-house and third-party intellectual property resources. Our intellectual property department and
program are led by an experienced, licensed in-house U.S. patent attorney. However, due to the
complex nature of medical equipment technology patents and the uncertainty in construing the scope
of these patents, as well as the limitations inherent in freedom-to-operate searches, the risk of
infringing on third party intellectual properties cannot be eliminated. See Risk Factors Risks
Relating to Our Business and Industry We may be exposed to intellectual property infringement
and other claims by third parties which, if successful, could disrupt our business and have a
material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition and results of operations.
We enter into agreements with all our employees involved in research and development,
under which all intellectual property during their employment belongs to us, and they waive all
relevant rights or claims to such intellectual property. All our employees involved in research and
development are also bound by a confidentiality obligation, and have agreed to disclose and assign
to us all inventions conceived by them during their term of employment. Despite measures we take to
protect our intellectual property, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy aspects of our products
or our proprietary technology or to obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary. See
Risk Factors Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry If we fail to protect our
intellectual property rights, it could harm our business and competitive
position.
29
We have no material license arrangements with any third party. We often purchase
components that incorporate the suppliers intellectual property, especially with respect to
components with advanced technologies that we are currently not capable of producing ourselves.
We believe that we have successfully established our brand in China. We have registered
trademarks in China and in the U.S. and in other countries for the Mindray name and associated
marks used on our own-brand products and we have trademark license rights for the use of the
Datascope trademarks used in our patient monitoring devices through the year 2015. We have also
filed for trademark protection for the Mindray name and associated marks in additional North
American, European and Asian countries where we market our products, and will continue to follow
our brand management policy to build brand name recognition of Mindray and associated marks in
these countries. As part of our overall strategy to protect and enhance the value of our brand, we
actively enforce our registered trademarks against any unauthorized use by a third party. In a
court case in 2005, where we brought suit against another medical device company for its
unauthorized use of the Mindray name, the court determined our Mindray trademark to be a
well-known mark. Based on part on this finding, and also on evidence of the widespread awareness
of our products in China, we are also applying to the relevant governmental administrative
authority to have our Mindray name designated a well-known mark. Since such marks in
China enjoy stronger protections than the other marks without such designation, this court ruling
helps strengthen our ability to protect the value of our brand in China.
Competition
The medical equipment and healthcare industries are characterized by rapid product
development, technological advances, intense competition and a strong emphasis on proprietary
products. Across all product lines and product tiers, we face direct competition both domestically
in China and internationally. We compete based on factors such as price, value, customer support,
brand recognition, reputation, and product functionality, reliability and compatibility.
For domestic sales, our competitors include publicly traded and privately held multinational
companies and domestic Chinese companies. We believe that we can continue to compete successfully
in China because our established domestic distribution network and customer support and service
network allows us significantly better access to Chinas small- and medium-sized hospitals. In
addition, our strong investment in research and development, coupled with our low-cost operating
model, allows us to compete effectively for our sales to large-sized hospitals.
In international markets, our competitors include publicly traded and privately held
multinational companies. These companies typically focus on the premium segments of the market. We
believe we can successfully penetrate certain international markets by offering products of
comparable quality at substantially lower prices. We also face competition in international sales
from companies that have local operations in the markets in which we sell our products. We believe
that we can compete successfully with these companies by offering products of substantially better
quality at comparable prices.
Set forth below is a summary of our primary competitors by business segment. We expect to
increasingly compete against multinational companies, both domestically and internationally, as we
continue to manufacture more advanced products.
Patient Monitoring and Life support products. For domestic sales of patient monitoring and
life support products, our primary competitors are Draeger Medical, GE Healthcare, Biolight,
Koninklijke Philips Electronics, Spacelabs and Nihon Kohden. For international sales of patient
monitoring devices, our primary competitors are GE Healthcare, Koninklijke Philips Electronics,
Siemens Medical and Nihon Kohden.
In-Vitro Diagnostic Products. For domestic sales of hematology analyzers, our primary
competitors are Abbott Laboratories, Beckman Coulter, ABX, Urit Medical, Baxter, Tecom Science
Corporation Nihon Kohden, and Sysmex Corporation. For international sales of hematology analyzers,
our primary competitors are Beckman Coulter, Abbott Laboratories and Sysmex Corporation.
For domestic sales of biochemistry analyzers, our primary competitors are Biotecnica
Instruments, Beckman Coulter, Hitachi, Sysmex Corporation, Abbott and Roche Diagnostics. For
international sales of biochemistry analyzers, our primary competitors are Beckman Coulter and
Roche Diagnostics.
30
Medical Imaging Systems. For domestic sales of medical imaging systems, our primary
competitors are GE Healthcare, Siemens Medical, Philips Electronics, Aloka, Toshiba, Hitachi,
Esaote Group and Medison. For international sales of medical imaging systems, our primary
competitors are Siemens Medical, GE Healthcare, Koninklijke Philips Electronics, Esaote and Toshiba
Medical Systems.
These and other of our existing and potential competitors may have substantially greater
financial, research and development, sales and marketing, personnel and other resources than we do
and may have more experience in developing, manufacturing, marketing and supporting new products.
See Risk Factors Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry Our business is subject to
intense competition, which_may reduce demand for our products and materially and adversely
affect our business, financial conditions, results of operations and prospects.
We must also compete for distributors, particularly international distributors, with other
medical equipment companies. Our competitors will often prohibit their distributors from selling
products that compete with their own. These and other potential competitors may have higher
visibility, greater name recognition and greater financial resources than we do. See Risk Factors
Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry We depend on distributors for a significant
majority of our revenues; we typically do not have long-term distribution agreements, and
competition for suitable distributors is intense. Failure to maintain relationships with our
distributors or to otherwise expand our distribution network would materially and adversely affect
our business.
Employees
We
had approximately 3,700, 5,500 and 5,800 employees worldwide as of December 31, 2007,
2008, and 2009, respectively. The following table sets forth the number of employees categorized by
function as of December 31, 2009:
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|
As of |
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|
December 31, |
|
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2009 |
Manufacturing |
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2,030 |
Research and development |
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1,330 |
General and administration |
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314 |
Marketing and sales (including customer support and service) |
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1,594 |
Mindray Medical USA Corp. (Seattle) |
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12 |
Mindray, Nanjing, China |
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125 |
Mindray DS USA |
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358 |
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Total |
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5,763 |
As required by PRC regulations, we participate in various employee benefit plans that are
organized by municipal and provincial governments, including pension, work-related injury benefits,
maternity insurance, medical and unemployment benefit plans. We are required under PRC law to make
contributions to the employee benefit plans at specified percentages of the salaries, bonuses,
housing funds and certain allowances of our employees, up to a maximum amount specified by the
local government from time to time. Members of the retirement plan are entitled to a pension equal
to a fixed proportion of the salary prevailing at the members retirement date. The contributions
we made to employee benefit plans in 2007, 2008, and 2009 were $2.0 million, $5.7 million, and
$7.0 million, respectively.
We did not pay housing funds for our Shenzhen Mindray employees or
Nanjing Mindray employees.
Generally, we enter into a three-year standard employment contract with our officers and
managers and a three-year standard employment contract with other employees. According to these
contracts, all of our employees are prohibited from engaging in any activities that compete with
our business during the period of their employment with us. Furthermore, the employment contracts
with officers or managers generally include a covenant that prohibits officers or managers from
engaging in any activities that compete with our business for two years after the period of their
employment with us. It may be difficult or expensive for us to seek to enforce the provisions of
these agreements.
Executive Officer and Director Compensation
In
2009, we paid aggregate cash compensation of approximately
$1.6 million to our directors
and executive officers as a group. We do not pay or set aside any amounts for pension, retirement
or other benefits for our officers and directors.
31
Legal Proceedings
We are currently not a party to any material legal proceeding. From time to time, we may bring
against others or be subject to various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of
business.
32
ENFORCEMENT OF CIVIL LIABILITIES
We
are incorporated in the Cayman Islands as an exempted company with limited
liability. We are incorporated in the Cayman Islands because of certain benefits associated with
being a Cayman Islands corporation, such as political and economic stability, an effective judicial
system, a favorable tax system, the absence of foreign exchange control or currency restrictions
and the availability of professional and support services. However, the Cayman Islands has a less
developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States and provides protections for
investors to a significantly lesser extent. In addition, Cayman Islands companies may not have
standing to sue before the federal courts of the United States.
A majority of our assets are located outside the United States. In addition, a majority of our
directors and officers are nationals or residents of jurisdictions other than the United States,
and all or a substantial portion of their assets are located outside the United States. As a
result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States
upon us or these persons, or to enforce against us or them judgments obtained in United States
courts, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws
of the United States or any state in the United States. It may also be difficult for you to enforce
in US courts judgments obtained in US courts based on the civil liability provisions of the US
federal securities laws against us, our officers and directors.
We have appointed CT Corporation System as our agent to receive service of process with
respect to any action brought against us in the United States District Court for the Southern
District of New York under the federal securities laws of the United States or of any State of the
United States or any action brought against us in the Supreme Court of the State of New York in the
County of New York under the securities laws of the State of New York.
Conyers Dill & Pearman, our counsel as to Cayman Islands law, and Jun He Law Offices, our
counsel as to PRC law, have advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of the
Cayman Islands or the PRC would, respectively, (1) recognize or enforce judgments of United States
courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability
provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States, or (2)
entertain original actions brought in the Cayman Islands or the PRC against us or our directors or
officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United
States.
Conyers Dill & Pearman has further advised us that the courts of the Cayman Islands would
recognize as a valid judgment, a final and conclusive judgment in personam obtained in the federal
or state courts in the United States under which a sum of money is payable (other than a sum of
money payable in respect of multiple damages, taxes or other charges of a like nature or in respect
of a fine or other penalty) and would give a judgment based thereon provided that (i) such courts
had proper jurisdiction over the parties subject to such judgment, (ii) such courts did not
contravene the rules of natural justice of the Cayman Islands, (iii) such judgment was not obtained
by fraud, (iv) the enforcement of the judgment would not be contrary to the public policy of the
Cayman Islands, (v) no new admissible evidence relevant to the action is submitted prior to the
rendering of the judgment by the courts of the Cayman Islands, and (vi) there is due compliance
with the correct procedures under the laws of the Cayman Islands.
Jun He Law Offices has advised us that the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments
are provided for under the PRC Civil Procedure Law. PRC courts may recognize and enforce foreign
judgments in accordance with the requirements of the PRC Civil Procedure Law based either on
treaties between China and the country where the judgment is made or on reciprocity between
jurisdictions. Jun He Law Offices has further advised us that under PRC law, a foreign judgment
that does not otherwise violate basic legal principles, state sovereignty, safety or social public
interest, may be recognized and enforced by a PRC court, based either on treaties between China and
the country where the judgment is made or on reciprocity between jurisdictions. As there currently
exists no treaty or other form of reciprocity between China and the United States governing the
recognition of judgments, including those predicated upon the liability provisions of the US
federal securities laws, there is uncertainty whether and on what basis a PRC court would enforce
judgments rendered by US courts.
33
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
The table below presents our consolidated ratios of earnings to fixed charges for each of the
periods indicated. We computed these ratios by dividing earnings by fixed charges. For this
purpose, earnings consist of earnings before income taxes and
non-controlling interests plus fixed charges. Fixed charges
consist of interest expense, whether capitalized or expensed.
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
32.7x
|
|
23.2x
|
|
8372.5x
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|
850.9x
|
|
115.9x |
34
USE OF PROCEEDS
When we offer particular securities, we will describe in a prospectus supplement relating to
the securities offered how we intend to use the proceeds from their sale. We may invest funds not
required immediately for such purposes in short-term investment grade securities. We will not
receive any proceeds from the sale of securities by selling security holders.
35
DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL
Our authorized share capital consists of 4,000,000,000 Class A ordinary shares, par value of
HK$0.001 per share, 1,000,000,000 Class B ordinary shares, par value of HK$0.001 per share, and
1,000,000,000 shares of such class or designation as the board may
determine. As of February 26, 2010, there were 30,430,456 Class A ordinary shares
issued and outstanding and 26,619,907 Class B ordinary shares issued and
outstanding.
We were incorporated as Mindray International Holdings Limited in the Cayman Islands on June
10, 2005, an exempted company with limited liability under the Companies Law. In March 2006, we
changed our name to Mindray Medical International Limited. Our shareholders who are non-residents
of the Cayman Islands may freely hold and vote their shares. A Cayman Islands exempted company:
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is a company that conducts its business outside of the Cayman Islands; |
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is exempted from certain requirements of the Companies Law, including a
filing of an annual return of its shareholders with the Registrar of
Companies; |
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does not have to make its register of shareholders open to inspection; and |
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may obtain an undertaking against the imposition of any future taxation. |
Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provides for two classes of
ordinary shares: Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares. Holders of Class A ordinary
shares and Class B ordinary shares have the same rights except for voting and conversion rights, as
described in the following paragraphs. All of our outstanding ordinary shares are fully paid and
non-assessable. Certificates representing the ordinary shares are issued in registered form. Our
shareholders who are non-residents of the Cayman Islands may freely hold and vote their shares.
The following discussion primarily concerns ordinary shares and the rights of holders of
ordinary shares. The holders of ADSs will not be treated as our shareholders and will be required
to surrender their ADSs for cancellation and withdrawal from the depositary facility in which the
ordinary shares are held in order to exercise shareholders rights in respect of the ordinary
shares. The depositary will agree, so far as it is practical, to vote or cause to be voted the
amount of ordinary shares represented by ADSs in accordance with the non-discretionary written
instructions of the holders of such ADSs.
Meetings
Subject to our regulatory requirements, an annual general meeting and any extraordinary
general meeting shall be called by not less than 10 days notice in writing. Notice of every
general meeting will be given to all of our shareholders other than those that, under the
provisions of our amended and restated articles of association or the terms of issue of the
ordinary shares they hold, are not entitled to receive such notices from us, and also to our
principal external auditors. Extraordinary general meetings may be called only by the chairman of
our board of directors or a majority of our board of directors, and may not be called by any other
person. All business shall be deemed special that is transacted at an extraordinary general
meeting, and also all business that is transacted at an annual general meeting other than with
respect to: (a) the declaration and sanctioning of dividends; (b) consideration and adoption of the
accounts and balance sheet and the reports of the directors and auditors and other documents
required to be annexed to the balance sheet; (c) the election of directors; (d) appointment of
auditors (where special notice of the intention for such appointment is not required by applicable
law) and other officers; (e) the fixing of the remuneration of the auditors, and the voting of
remuneration or extra remuneration to our directors; (f) the granting of any mandate or authority
to our directors to offer, allot, grant options over or otherwise dispose of the unissued shares in
the capital representing not more than 20% in nominal value of our existing issued share capital;
and (g) the granting of any mandate or authority to our directors to repurchase our securities.
Notwithstanding that a meeting is called by shorter
notice than that mentioned above, but, subject to applicable regulatory requirements, it will be
deemed to have been duly called, if it is so agreed by a majority in number of our shareholders
having a right to attend and vote at the meeting, being a majority together holding not less than
75% in nominal value of the ordinary shares giving that right.
36
At any general meeting, two shareholders entitled to vote and present in person or by proxy
that represent not less than one-third of our issued and outstanding voting shares will constitute
a quorum. No business other than the appointment of a chairman may be transacted at any general
meeting unless a quorum is present at the commencement of business. However, the absence of a
quorum will not preclude the appointment of a chairman. If present, the chairman of our board of
directors shall be the chairman presiding at any shareholders meetings.
A corporation being a shareholder shall be deemed for the purpose of our amended and restated
articles of association to be present in person if represented by its duly authorized
representative at the relevant general meeting or at any relevant general meeting of any class of
our shareholders. Such duly authorized representative shall be entitled to exercise the same powers
on behalf of the corporation which he represents as that corporation could exercise if it were our
individual shareholder.
The quorum for a separate general meeting of the holders of a separate class of shares is
described in Modification of Rights.
Voting Rights Attaching to the Shares
All of our shareholders have the right to receive notice of shareholder meetings and to
attend, speak and vote at such meetings. In respect of matters requiring shareholder vote, each
Class A ordinary share is entitled to one vote, and each Class B ordinary share is entitled to five
votes. A shareholder may participate at a shareholders meeting
in person or by proxy. A resolution put to the vote of a meeting shall be
decided on a poll.
No shareholder shall be entitled to vote or be counted in a quorum, in respect of any share,
unless such shareholder is registered as our shareholder at the applicable record date for that
meeting and all calls or installments due by such shareholder to us have been paid.
If a clearing house or depositary (or its nominee(s)) is our shareholder, it may authorize
such person or persons as it thinks fit to act as its representative(s) at any meeting or at any
meeting of any class of shareholders, provided that, if more than one person is so authorized, the
authorization shall specify the number and class of shares in respect of which each such person is
so authorized. A person authorized pursuant to this provision is entitled to exercise the same
powers on behalf of the clearing house or depositary (or its nominee(s)) as if such person was the
registered holder of our shares held by that clearing house or depositary (or its nominee(s)).
While there is nothing under the laws of the Cayman Islands which specifically prohibits or
restricts the creation of cumulative voting rights for the election of our directors, unlike the
requirement under Delaware General Corporation Law where cumulative voting for the election of
directors is permitted only if expressly authorized in the certificate of incorporation, it is not
a concept that is accepted as a common practice in the Cayman Islands, and we have made no
provisions in our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association to allow cumulative
voting for such elections.
Protection of Minority Shareholders
The Grand Court of the Cayman Islands may, on the application of shareholders holding not less
than one-fifth of our shares in issue, appoint an inspector to examine our affairs and report
thereon in a manner as the Grand Court shall direct.
Any shareholder may petition the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands which may make a winding up
order, if the court is of the opinion that it is just and equitable
that we should be wound up or, as an alternative to a winding up
order, (1) an order regulating the conduct of the companys
affairs in the future, (2) an order requiring the company to refrain from doing or continuing an
act complained of by the shareholder petitioner or to do an act which the shareholder petitioner
has complained it has omitted to do, (3) an order authorising civil proceedings to be brought in
the name and on behalf of the company by the shareholder petitioner on such terms as the Court may
direct, or (4) an order providing for the purchase of the shares of any shareholders of the company
by other shareholders or by the company itself and, in the case of a purchase by the company
itself, a reduction of the companys capital accordingly.
Claims against us by our shareholders must, as a general rule, be based on the general laws of
contract or tort applicable in the Cayman Islands or their individual rights as shareholders as
established by our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.
The Cayman Islands courts ordinarily would be expected to follow English case law precedents
which permit a minority shareholder to commence a representative action against, or derivative
actions in our name to challenge (1) an act which is ultra vires or illegal, (2) an act which
constitutes a fraud against the minority and the wrongdoers
37
are themselves in control of us, and (3) an irregularity in the passing of a resolution which
requires a qualified (or special) majority.
Pre-emption Rights
There are no pre-emption rights applicable to the issue of new shares under either Cayman
Islands law or our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.
Liquidation Rights
Subject to any special rights, privileges or restrictions as to the distribution of available
surplus assets on liquidation for the time being attached to any class or classes of shares (1) if
we are wound up and the assets available for distribution among our shareholders are more than
sufficient to repay the whole of the capital paid up at the commencement of the winding up, the
excess shall be distributed pari passu among those shareholders in proportion to the amount paid
up at the commencement of the winding up on the shares held by them, respectively, and (2) if we
are wound up and the assets available for distribution among the shareholders as such are
insufficient to repay the whole of the paid-up capital, those assets shall be distributed so that,
as nearly as may be, the losses shall be borne by the shareholders in proportion to the capital
paid up at the commencement of the liquidation.
If we are wound up, the liquidator may with the sanction of our special resolution and any
other sanction required by the Companies Law, divide among our shareholders in specie or kind the
whole or any part of our assets (whether they shall consist of property of the same kind or not)
and may, for such purpose, set such value as the liquidator deems fair upon any property to be
divided and may determine how such division shall be carried out as between the shareholders or
different classes of shareholders. The liquidator may also vest any part of these assets in
trustees upon such trusts for the benefit of the shareholders as the liquidator shall think fit,
but so that no shareholder will be compelled to accept any assets, shares or other securities upon
which there is a liability.
Modification of Rights
Except with respect to share capital (as described below), alterations to our amended and
restated memorandum and articles of association may only be made by special resolution of no less
than two-thirds of votes cast at a meeting of the shareholders.
Subject to the Companies Law, all or any of the special rights attached to shares of any class
(unless otherwise provided for by the terms of issue of the shares of that class) may be varied,
modified or abrogated with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a separate general
meeting of the holders of the shares of that class. The provisions of our amended and restated
articles of association relating to general meetings shall apply similarly to every such separate
general meeting, but so that the quorum for the purposes of any such separate general meeting or at
its adjourned meeting shall be a person or persons together holding (or represented by proxy) not
less than one-third in nominal value of the issued shares of that class. Every holder of shares of
the class shall be entitled on a poll to one vote for every such share held by such holder and any
holder of shares of that class present in person or by proxy may demand a poll.
The special rights conferred upon the holders of any class of shares shall not, unless
otherwise expressly provided in the rights attaching to or the terms of issue of such shares, be
deemed to be varied by the creation or issue of further shares ranking pari passu therewith.
Alteration of Capital
We may from time to time by ordinary resolution:
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increase our capital by such sum, to be divided into shares of
such amounts, as the resolution shall prescribe; |
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consolidate and divide all or any of our share capital into shares of larger amount than our existing shares; |
38
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cancel any shares which at the date of the passing of the
resolution have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any
person, and diminish the amount of our share capital by the
amount of the shares so cancelled subject to the provisions of
the Companies Law; |
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sub-divide our shares or any of them into shares of smaller
amount than is fixed by our amended and restated memorandum and
articles of association, subject nevertheless to the Companies
Law, and so that the resolution whereby any share is sub-divided
may determine that, as between the holders of the shares
resulting from such subdivision, one or more of the shares may
have any such preferred or other special rights, over, or may
have such deferred rights or be subject to any such restrictions
as compared with the others as we have power to attach to
unissued or new shares; and |
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divide shares into several classes and without prejudice to any
special rights previously conferred on the holders of existing shares, attach to the shares respectively as preferential,
deferred, qualified or special rights, privileges, conditions or
such restrictions which in the absence of any such determination
in general meeting may be determined by our directors. |
We may, by special resolution, subject to any confirmation or consent required by the
Companies Law, reduce our share capital or any capital redemption reserve in any manner authorized
by law.
Conversion
Each Class B ordinary share is convertible into one Class A ordinary share at any time by the
holder thereof. Class A ordinary shares are not convertible into Class B ordinary shares under any
circumstances. Upon any transfer or foreclosure in connection with a pledge of Class B ordinary
shares by a holder thereof to any person or entity which is not an affiliate of such holder (as
defined in our amended and restated articles of association), such Class B ordinary shares shall be
automatically and immediately converted into the equal number of Class A ordinary shares. In
addition, if the aggregate number of Class B ordinary shares is less than 20% of the total number
of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares, each issued and outstanding Class B ordinary share
shall automatically and immediately convert into one Class A ordinary share, and we shall not issue
any Class B ordinary shares thereafter.
Transfer of Shares
Subject to any applicable restrictions set forth in our amended and restated memorandum and
articles of association, any of our shareholders may transfer all or any of his or her shares by an
instrument of transfer in the usual or common form or in a form prescribed by the New York Stock
Exchange or in any other form which our directors may approve.
Our directors may decline to register any transfer of any share which is not paid up or on
which we have a lien. Our directors may also decline to register any transfer of any share unless:
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the instrument of transfer is lodged with us accompanied by the certificate for the shares
to which it relates and such other evidence as our directors may reasonably require to show
the right of the transferor to make the transfer; |
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the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of share; |
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the instrument of transfer is properly stamped (in circumstances where stamping is required); |
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in the case of a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to whom the share is
to be transferred does not exceed four; and |
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a fee of such maximum sum as the New York Stock Exchange may determine to be payable or such
lesser sum as our directors may from time to time require is paid to us in respect thereof. |
If our directors refuse to register a transfer, they shall, within two months after the date
on which the instrument of transfer was lodged, send to each of the transferor and the transferee
notice of such refusal.
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The registration of transfers may, on notice being given by advertisement in such one or more
newspapers or by any other means in accordance with the requirements of the New York Stock
Exchange, be suspended and the register closed at such times and for such periods as our directors
may from time to time determine; provided, however, that the registration of transfers shall not be
suspended nor the register closed for more than 30 days in any year as our directors may determine.
Share Repurchase
We are empowered by the Companies Law and our amended and restated memorandum and articles of
association to purchase our own shares only when our board of directors determines that there is
sufficient profit and surplus capital in our share premium account to fund a repurchase. Our
directors may only exercise this power on our behalf, subject to the Companies Law, our amended and
restated memorandum and articles of association and to any applicable requirements imposed from
time to time by the US Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, the New York Stock Exchange, or
by any recognized stock exchange on which our securities are listed. Our ability to repurchase
shares will be subject to our ability to receive dividends from our PRC subsidiaries.
Dividends
Subject to the Companies Law, we may declare dividends in any currency to be paid to our
shareholders but no dividend shall be declared in excess of the amount recommended by our
directors. Dividends may be declared and paid out of our profits, realized or unrealized, or from
any reserve set aside from profits which our directors determine is no longer needed. Our board of
directors may also declare and pay dividends out of the share premium account or any other fund or
account which can be authorized for this purpose in accordance with the Companies Law.
Except in so far as the rights attaching to, or the terms of issue of, any share otherwise
provides (1) all dividends shall be declared and paid according to the amounts paid up on the
shares in respect of which the dividend is paid, but no amount paid up on a share in advance of
calls shall be treated for this purpose as paid up on that share and (2) all dividends shall be
apportioned and paid pro rata according to the amounts paid upon the shares during any portion or
portions of the period in respect of which the dividend is paid.
Our directors may also pay any fixed dividend that is payable on any shares semi-annually or
on any other dates, whenever our financial position, in the opinion of our directors, justifies
such payment.
Our directors may deduct from any dividend or other moneys payable to any shareholder all sums
of money (if any) presently payable by such shareholder to us on account of calls or otherwise.
No dividend or other moneys payable by us on or in respect of any share shall bear interest
against us.
In respect of any dividend proposed to be paid or declared on our share capital, our directors
may resolve and direct that (1) such dividend be satisfied wholly or in part in the form of an
allotment of shares credited as fully paid up, provided that our members entitled thereto will be
entitled to elect to receive such dividend (or part thereof if our directors so determine) in cash
in lieu of such allotment or (2) the shareholders entitled to such dividend will be entitled to
elect to receive an allotment of shares credited as fully paid up in lieu of the whole or such part
of the dividend as our directors may think fit. We may also, on the recommendation of our
directors, resolve in respect of any particular dividend that, notwithstanding the foregoing, it
may be satisfied wholly in the form of an allotment of shares credited as fully paid up without
offering any right of shareholders to elect to receive such dividend in cash in lieu of such
allotment.
Any dividend, interest or other sum payable in cash to the holder of shares may be paid by
check or warrant sent by mail addressed to the holder at his registered address, or addressed to
such person and at such addresses as the holder may direct. Every check or warrant shall, unless
the holder or joint holders otherwise direct, be made payable to the order of the holder or, in the
case of joint holders, to the order of the holder whose name stands first on the register in
respect of such shares, and shall be sent at his or their risk and payment of the check or warrant
by the bank on which it is drawn shall constitute a good discharge to us.
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All dividends unclaimed for one year after having been declared may be invested or otherwise
made use of by our board of directors for the benefit of our company until claimed. Any dividend
unclaimed after a period of six years from the date of declaration of such dividend may be
forfeited and, if so forfeited, shall revert to us.
Whenever our directors or our members in general meeting have resolved that a dividend be paid
or declared, our directors may further resolve that such dividend be satisfied wholly or in part by
the distribution of specific assets of any kind, and in particular of paid up shares, debentures or
warrants to subscribe for our securities or securities of any other company. Where any difficulty
arises with regard to such distribution, our directors may settle it as they think expedient. In
particular, our directors may issue fractional certificates, ignore fractions altogether or round
the same up or down, fix the value for distribution purposes of any such specific assets, determine
that cash payments shall be made to any of our shareholders upon the footing of the value so fixed
in order to adjust the rights of the parties, vest any such specific assets in trustees as may seem
expedient to our directors, and appoint any person to sign any requisite instruments of transfer
and other documents on behalf of a person entitled to the dividend, which appointment shall be
effective and binding on our shareholders.
Untraceable Shareholders
We are entitled to sell any shares of a shareholder who is untraceable, provided that:
(1) all checks or warrants in respect of dividends of such shares, not being
less than three in number, for any sums payable in cash to the holder of such
shares have remained uncashed for a period of twelve years prior to the
publication of the advertisement and during the three months referred to in
paragraph (3) below;
(2) we have not during that time received any indication of the whereabouts or
existence of the shareholder or person entitled to such shares by death,
bankruptcy or operation of law; and
(3) we have caused an advertisement to be published in newspapers in the manner
stipulated by our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association,
giving notice of our intention to sell these shares, and a period of three
months has elapsed since such advertisement and the New York Stock Exchange has
been notified of such intention.
The net proceeds of any such sale shall belong to us, and when we receive these net proceeds
we shall become indebted to the former shareholder for an amount equal to such net proceeds.
Differences in Corporate Law
The Companies Law is modeled after similar laws in the United Kingdom but does not follow
recent changes in English law. In addition, the Companies Law differs from laws applicable to
United States corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of the significant
differences between the provisions of the Companies Law applicable to us and the laws applicable to
companies incorporated in the State of Delaware.
Mergers and Similar Arrangements. A merger of two or more constituent companies under Cayman Islands law requires a plan of
merger or consolidation to be approved by the directors of each constituent company and
authorization by (a) a majority in number representing seventy-five percent (75%) in value of the
shareholders voting together as one class and (b) if the shares to be issued to each shareholder in
the surviving company are to have the same rights and economic value as the shares held in the
constituent company, a special resolution of the shareholders voting together as one class.
A merger between a Cayman parent company and its Cayman subsidiary or subsidiaries does not
require authorization by a resolution of shareholders. For this purpose a subsidiary is a company
of which at least ninety percent (90%) of the issued shares entitled to vote are owned by the
parent company.
The consent of each holder of a fixed or floating security interest over a constituent company
is required unless this requirement is waived by a court in the Cayman Islands.
Save in certain circumstances, a dissentient shareholder of a Cayman constituent company is
entitled to payment of the fair value of his shares upon dissenting to a merger or consolidation.
The exercise of appraisal rights will preclude the exercise of any other rights save for the right
to seek relief on the grounds that the merger or consolidation is void or unlawful.
In
addition, there are statutory
provisions that facilitate the reconstruction and amalgamation of companies, provided that the
arrangement in question is approved by a majority in number of each class of shareholders and
creditors with whom the arrangement is to be made, and who must in addition represent three-fourths
in value of each such class of shareholders or creditors, as the case may be, that are present and
voting either in person or by proxy at a meeting, or meetings convened for that purpose. The
convening of the meetings and subsequently the arrangement must be sanctioned by the Grand Court of
the Cayman Islands. While a dissenting shareholder would have the right to express to the court the
view that the transaction should not be approved, the court can be expected to approve the
arrangement if it satisfies itself that:
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Company is not proposing to act illegally or ultra vires and the
statutory provisions as to majority vote have been complied with; |
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the shareholders have been fairly represented at the meeting in question; |
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the arrangement is such as a businessman would reasonably approve; and |
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the arrangement is not one that would more properly be sanctioned under
some other provision of the Companies Law or that would amount to a
fraud on the minority. |
When a takeover offer is made and accepted by holders of 90% of the shares within four months,
the offerer may, within a two-month period, require the holders of the remaining shares to transfer
such shares on the terms of the offer. An objection may be made to the Grand Court of the Cayman
Islands but is unlikely to succeed unless there is evidence of fraud, bad faith or collusion.
If the arrangement and reconstruction are thus approved, any dissenting shareholders would
have no rights comparable to appraisal rights, which would otherwise ordinarily be available to
dissenting shareholders of Delaware corporations, providing rights to receive payment in cash for
the judicially determined value of the shares.
Shareholders Suits. In principle, we will normally be the proper plaintiff and
a derivative action may not be brought by a minority shareholder. However, based on English
authorities, which would in all likelihood be of persuasive authority in the Cayman Islands,
exceptions to the foregoing principle apply in circumstances in which:
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a company is acting or proposing to act illegally or beyond the scope of its authority; |
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the act complained of, although not beyond the scope of its authority, could be
effected duly if authorized by more than a simple majority vote which has not been
obtained; and |
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those who control our company are perpetrating a fraud on the minority. |
Corporate Governance. Cayman Islands laws do not restrict transactions with directors,
requiring only that directors exercise a duty of care and owe a fiduciary duty to the companies for
which they serve. Under our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, subject to
any separate requirement for audit committee approval under the applicable rules of the New York
Stock Exchange or unless disqualified by the chairman of the relevant board meeting, so long as a
director discloses the nature of his interest in any contract or arrangement which he is interested
in, such a director may vote in respect of any contract or proposed contract or arrangement in
which such director is interested and may be counted in the quorum at such meeting.
Inspection of Corporate Records. Shareholders of a Cayman Islands company have no general
right under the Companies Law to inspect or obtain copies of a list of shareholders or other
corporate records of the company. In comparison, under Delaware law, shareholders have the right to
inspect for any proper purpose, and to obtain copies of list(s) of shareholders and other books and
records of the corporation and any subsidiaries to the extent the books and records of such
subsidiaries are available to the corporation.
Calling of Special Shareholders Meetings. The Companies Law does not provide shareholders with
any right to requisition a general meeting and does not have provisions governing the proceedings
of shareholders meetings. In comparison, under Delaware law a special meeting may be called by the
board of directors or any other person authorized to do so in the governing documents, but
shareholders may be precluded from calling special meetings.
Bringing Business Before a Meeting. The Companies Law does not provide shareholders with any
right to bring business before a meeting or requisition a general meeting. In comparison, under
Delaware law a shareholder has the right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of
shareholders, provided that it complies with the notice provisions in the governing documents.
Board of Directors
We are managed by our board of directors. Our amended and restated memorandum and
articles of association provide that the number of our directors will be not less than five or
greater than nine. Any director on our board may be removed by way of an ordinary resolution of
shareholders. Any vacancies on our board of directors or additions to the existing board of
directors can be filled by way of an ordinary resolution of shareholders. The directors may at any time appoint any person as a director to fill a vacancy or as
an addition to the existing board, but any director
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so appointed by the board of directors shall hold office only until our next following
annual general meeting and shall then be eligible for re-election. Our directors shall serve a
three year term from their appointment date and shall retire from office (unless he vacates his
office sooner) at the expiry of such term provided their successors are elected or appointed. Such
directors who retire at the expiry of their term are eligible for re-election. Our directors are
not required to hold any of our shares to be qualified to serve on our board of directors.
Meetings of our board of directors may be convened at any time deemed necessary by our
secretary on request of a director or by any director. Advance notice of a meeting is not required
if each director entitled to attend consents to the holding of such meeting.
A meeting of our board of directors shall be competent to make lawful and binding decisions if
at least two of the members of our board of directors are present or represented unless the board
has fixed any other number. At any meeting of our directors, each director is entitled to one vote.
Questions arising at a meeting of our board of directors are required to be decided by simple
majority votes of the members of our board of directors present or represented at the meeting. In
the case of a tie vote, the chairman of the meeting shall have a second or deciding vote. Our board
of directors may also pass resolutions without a meeting by unanimous written consent.
Our board of directors is divided into different classes, Class A Directors, Class B Directors
and Class C Directors. At the first annual general meeting after this offering, all Class A
Directors shall retire from office and be eligible for re-election. At the second annual general
meeting after this offering all Class B Directors shall retire from office and be eligible for
re-election. At the third annual general meeting after this offering, all Class C Directors shall
retire from office and be eligible for re-election. At each subsequent annual general meeting after
the third annual general meeting after this offering, one-third of our directors for the time being
(or, if their number is not a multiple of three, the number nearest to but not greater than
one-third) shall retire from office by rotation. A retiring director shall be eligible for
re-election. The directors to retire by rotation shall include (so far as necessary to ascertain
the number of directors to retire by rotation) any director who wishes to retire and not to offer
himself for re-election. Any further directors so to retire shall be those of the other directors
subject to retirement by rotation who have been longest in office since their last re-election or
appointment and so that as between persons who became or were last re-elected directors on the same
day those to retire shall (unless they otherwise agree among themselves) be determined by lot.
Certain actions require the approval of a supermajority of at least two-thirds of our board of
directors, including:
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the appointment or removal of either of our co-chief executive
officers, chief financial officer and our other executive
officers; |
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any anti-takeover action in response to a takeover attempt; |
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any merger resulting in our shareholders immediately prior to such
merger holding less than a majority of the voting power of the
outstanding share capital of the surviving business entity; |
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the sale or transfer of all or substantially all of our assets; and |
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any change in the number of our board of directors. |
Committees of Board of Directors
Pursuant to our amended and restated articles of association, our board of directors has
established an audit committee, a compensation committee and a nominations committee.
Issuance of Additional Ordinary Shares
Our amended and restated memorandum of association authorizes our board of directors to issue
additional ordinary shares from time to time as our board of directors shall determine, to the
extent of available authorized but unissued shares.
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DESCRIPTION OF AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES
American Depositary Shares
The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary, registers and delivers American Depositary Shares,
or ADSs. Each ADS represents one Class A ordinary share (or a right to receive shares) deposited
with the principal Hong Kong office of The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, as custodian
for the depositary. Each ADS will also represent any other securities, cash or other property which
may be held by the depositary. The depositarys corporate trust office at which the ADSs are
administered is located at 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286. The Bank of New York
Mellons principal executive office is located at One Wall Street, New York, New York 10286.
You may hold ADSs either (A) directly (i) by having an American Depositary Receipt, also
referred to as an ADR, which is a certificate evidencing a specific number of ADSs, registered in
your name, or (ii) by holding ADSs in the Direct Registration System, or (B) indirectly through
your broker or other financial institution. If you hold ADSs directly, you are an ADS holder. This
description assumes you hold your ADSs directly. If you hold the ADSs indirectly, you must rely on
the procedures of your broker or other financial institution to assert the rights of ADS holders
described in this section. You should consult with your broker or financial institution to find out
what those procedures are.
The Direct Registration System, or DRS, is a system administered by DTC pursuant to which the
depositary may register the ownership of uncertificated ADSs, which ownership shall be confirmed by
periodic statements sent by the depositary to the ADS holders entitled thereto.
As an ADS holder, we will not treat you as one of our shareholders and you will not have
shareholder rights. Cayman Islands law governs shareholder rights. The depositary will be the
holder of the shares underlying your ADSs. As a holder of ADSs, you will have ADS holder rights. A
deposit agreement among us, the depositary and you, as an ADS holder, and the beneficial owners of
ADSs sets out ADS holder rights as well as the rights and obligations of the depositary. New York
law governs the deposit agreement and the ADSs.
The following is a summary of the material provisions of the deposit agreement. For more
complete information, you should read the entire deposit agreement and the form of ADR. For
directions on how to obtain copies of those documents see Where You Can Find Additional
Information.
Dividends and Other Distributions
How will you receive dividends and other distributions on the shares?
The depositary has agreed to pay to you the cash dividends or other distributions it or the
custodian receives on shares or other deposited securities, after deducting its fees and expenses.
You will receive these distributions in proportion to the number of Shares your ADSs represent.
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Cash. The depositary will convert any cash dividend or other cash
distribution we pay on the shares into U.S. dollars, if it can do
so on a reasonable basis and can transfer the U.S. dollars to the
United States. If that is not possible or if any government
approval is needed and can not be obtained, the deposit agreement
allows the depositary to distribute the foreign currency only to
those ADS holders to whom it is possible to do so. It will hold
the foreign currency it cannot convert for the account of the ADS
holders who have not been paid. It will not invest the foreign
currency and it will not be liable for any interest. Before
making a distribution, any withholding taxes, or other
governmental charges that must be paid will be deducted. See
Taxation. The depositary will distribute only whole U.S.
dollars and cents and will round fractional cents to the nearest
whole cent. If the exchange rates fluctuate during a time when
the depositary cannot convert the foreign currency, you may lose
some or all of the value of the distribution. |
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Shares. The depositary may distribute additional ADSs
representing any shares we distribute as a dividend or free
distribution. The depositary will only distribute whole ADSs. It
will sell shares which would require it to deliver a fractional
ADS and distribute the net proceeds in the same way as it does
with cash. If the depositary does not distribute additional ADSs,
the outstanding ADSs will also represent the new shares. The
depositary may sell a portion of the distributed shares
sufficient to pay its fees and expenses in connection with that
distribution. |
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Rights to purchase additional shares. If we offer holders of our
securities any rights to subscribe for additional shares or any
other rights, the depositary may make these rights available to
you. If the depositary decides it is not legal and practical to
make the rights available but that it is practical to sell the
rights, the depositary will use reasonable efforts to sell the
rights and distribute the proceeds in the same way as it does
with cash. The depositary will allow rights that are not
distributed or sold to lapse. In that case, you will receive no
value for them. If the depositary makes rights available to you,
it will exercise the rights and purchase the shares on your
behalf. The depositary will then deposit the shares and deliver
ADSs to you. It will only exercise rights if you pay it the
exercise price and any other charges the rights require you to
pay. U.S. securities laws may restrict transfers and cancellation
of the ADSs represented by shares purchased upon exercise of
rights. For example, you may not be able to trade these ADSs
freely in the United States. In this case, the depositary may
deliver restricted depositary shares that have the same terms as
the ADSs described in this section except for changes needed to
put the necessary restrictions in place. |
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Other Distributions. The depositary will send to you anything
else we distribute on deposited securities by any means it thinks
is legal, fair and practical. If it cannot make the distribution
in that way, the depositary has a choice. It may decide to sell
what we distributed and distribute the net proceeds, in the same
way as it does with cash. Or, it may decide to hold what we
distributed, in which case ADSs will also represent the newly
distributed property. However, the depositary is not required to
distribute any securities (other than ADSs) to you unless it
receives satisfactory evidence from us that it is legal to make
that distribution. The depositary may sell a portion of the
distributed property sufficient to pay its fees and expenses in
connection with that distribution. |
The depositary is not responsible if it decides that it is unlawful or impractical to make a
distribution available to any ADS holders. We have no obligation to register ADSs, shares, rights
or other securities under the Securities Act. We also have no obligation to take any other action
to permit the distribution of ADSs, shares, rights or anything else to ADS holders. This means
that you may not receive the distributions we make on our shares or any value for them if it is
illegal or impractical for us to make them available to you.
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Deposit, Withdrawal and Cancellation |
How are ADSs issued?
The depositary will deliver ADSs if you or your broker deposit shares or evidence of rights to
receive shares with the custodian. Upon payment of its fees and expenses and of any taxes or
charges, such as stamp taxes or stock transfer taxes or fees, the depositary will register the
appropriate number of ADSs in the names you request and will deliver the ADSs to or upon the order
of the person or persons entitled thereto.
How do ADS holders cancel an American Depositary Share?
You may surrender your ADSs at the depositarys corporate trust office. Upon payment of its
fees and expenses and of any taxes or charges, such as stamp taxes or stock transfer taxes or fees,
the depositary will deliver
the shares and any other deposited securities underlying the ADSs to you or a person you
designate at the office of the custodian. Or, at your request, risk and expense, the depositary
will deliver the deposited securities at its corporate trust office, if feasible.
How do ADS holders interchange between certificated ADSs and uncertificated ADSs?
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You may surrender your ADR to the depositary for the purpose of exchanging your ADR for
uncertificated ADSs. The depositary will cancel that ADR and will send you a statement confirming
that you are the owner of uncertificated ADSs. Alternatively, upon receipt by the depositary of a
proper instruction from a holder of uncertificated ADSs requesting the exchange of uncertificated
ADSs for certificated ADSs, the depositary will execute and deliver to you an ADR evidencing those
ADSs.
Voting Rights
How do you vote?
You may instruct the depositary to vote the deposited securities, but only if we ask the
depositary to ask for your instructions. Otherwise, you will not be able to exercise your right to
vote unless you withdraw the shares. However, you may receive notice of the meeting without
sufficient time to effect withdrawal of your shares.
If we ask for your instructions, the depositary will notify you of the upcoming vote and
arrange to deliver our voting materials to you. The materials will (1) describe the matters to be
voted on and (2) explain how you may instruct the depositary to vote the shares or other deposited
securities underlying your ADSs as you direct. For instructions to be valid, the depositary must
receive them on or before the date specified. The depositary will try, as far as practical, subject
to the laws of the Cayman Islands and of our Memorandum and Articles of Association, to vote or to
have its agents vote the shares or other deposited securities as you instruct. If the depositary
does not receive voting instructions from you by the specified date, it will consider you to have
authorized and directed it to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by us to vote the
number of deposited securities represented by your ADSs. The depositary will give a discretionary
proxy in those circumstances to vote on all questions at to be voted upon unless we notify the
depositary that (i) we do not wish to receive a discretionary proxy (ii) we think there is
substantial shareholder opposition to the particular question, or (iii) we think the particular
question would have an adverse impact on our shareholders. The depositary will only vote or attempt
to vote as you instruct or as described in the preceding sentence.
We can not assure you that you will receive the voting materials in time to ensure that you
can instruct the depositary to vote your shares. In addition, the depositary and its agents are not
responsible for failing to carry out voting instructions or for the manner of carrying out voting
instructions. This means that you may not be able to exercise your right to vote and there may be
nothing you can do if your shares are not voted as you requested.
In order to give you a reasonable opportunity to instruct the depositary as to the exercise of
voting rights relating to Deposited Securities, if we request the depositary to act, we will try to
give the depositary notice of any such meeting and details concerning the matters to be voted upon
sufficiently in advance of the meeting date.
Fees and Expenses
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Persons depositing or withdrawing shares must pay:
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For: |
US$5.00 (or less) per 100 ADSs (or portion of
100 ADSs)
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Issuance of ADSs, including issuances resulting
from a distribution of shares or rights or other
property |
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Cancellation of ADSs for the purpose of
withdrawal, including if the deposit agreement
terminates |
US$0.02 (or less) per ADS
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Any cash distribution to you |
A fee equivalent to the fee that would be
payable if securities distributed to you had been
shares and the shares had been deposited for
issuance of ADSs
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Distribution of securities distributed to holders
of deposited securities which are distributed by
the depositary to ADS holders |
US$0.02 (or less) per ADS per calendar year
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Depositary services |
Registration or transfer fees
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Transfer and registration of shares on our share
register to or from the name of the depositary or
its agent when you deposit or withdraw shares |
Expenses of the depositary
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Cable, telex and facsimile transmissions (when
expressly provided in the deposit agreement) |
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converting foreign currency to U.S. dollars |
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Taxes and other governmental charges the
depositary or the custodian have to pay on any
ADS or share underlying an ADS, for example,
stock transfer taxes, stamp duty or withholding
taxes
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As necessary |
Any charges incurred by the depositary or its
agents for servicing the deposited securities
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As necessary |
The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary, has agreed to reimburse us for expenses we incur
that are related to the establishment and maintenance of the ADR program, including investor
relations expenses and the New York Stock Exchange application and listing fees. There are limits
on the amount of expenses for which the depositary will reimburse us, but the amount of
reimbursement available to us is not related to the amounts of fees the depositary collects from
investors under the ADS program.
The depositary collects its fees for issuance and cancellation of ADSs directly from investors
depositing ordinary shares or surrendering ADSs or from intermediaries acting for them. The
depositary collects fees for making distributions to investors by deducting those fees from the
amounts distributed or by selling a portion of distributable property to pay the fees. The
depositary may collect its annual fee for depositary services by deducting from cash distributions
or by directly billing investors or by charging the book-entry system accounts of participants
acting for them. The depositary may generally refuse to provide fee-attracting services until its
fees for those services are paid.
Payment of Taxes
You will be responsible for any taxes or other governmental charges payable on your ADSs or on
the deposited securities represented by any of your ADSs. The depositary may refuse to register any
transfer of your ADSs or allow you to withdraw the deposited securities represented by your ADSs
until such taxes or other charges are paid. It may apply payments owed to you or sell deposited
securities represented by your ADSs to pay any taxes owed and you will remain liable for any
deficiency. If the depositary sells deposited securities, it will, if appropriate, reduce the
number of ADSs to reflect the sale and pay to you any proceeds, or send to you any property,
remaining after it has paid the taxes.
Reclassifications, Recapitalizations and Mergers
If we:
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Change the nominal or par value of our shares |
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Reclassify, split up or consolidate any of the deposited securities |
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Distribute securities on the shares that are not distributed to you |
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Recapitalize, reorganize, merge, liquidate, sell all or
substantially all of our assets, or take any similar action |
Then:
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The cash, shares or other securities received by the depositary
will become deposited securities. Each ADS will automatically
represent its equal share of the new deposited securities, |
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The depositary may distribute some or all of the cash, shares or
other securities it received. It may also deliver new ADSs or ask
you to surrender your outstanding ADSs in exchange for new ADSs
identifying the new deposited securities |
Amendment and Termination
How may the deposit agreement be amended?
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We may agree with the depositary to amend the deposit agreement and the form of ADR without
your consent for any reason. If an amendment adds or increases fees or charges, except for taxes
and other governmental charges or expenses of the depositary for registration fees, facsimile
costs, delivery charges or similar items, or prejudices a substantial right of ADS holders, it will
not become effective for outstanding ADSs until 30 days after the depositary notifies ADS holders
of the amendment. At the time an amendment becomes effective, you are considered, by continuing to
hold your ADSs, to agree to the amendment and to be bound by the ADRs and the deposit agreement as
amended.
How may the deposit agreement be terminated?
The depositary will terminate the deposit agreement at our direction by mailing notice of
termination to the ADS holders then outstanding at least 60 days prior to the date fixed in such
notice for such termination. The depositary may also terminate the deposit agreement by mailing
notice of termination to us and the ADS holders then outstanding if at any time 30 days shall have
expired after the depositary shall have delivered to the Company a written notice of its election
to resign and a successor depositary shall not have been appointed and accepted its appointment.
After termination, the depositary and its agents will do the following under the deposit
agreement but nothing else: collect distributions on the deposited securities, sell rights and
other property, and deliver shares and other deposited securities upon cancellation of ADSs. Four
months after termination, the depositary may sell any remaining deposited securities by public or
private sale. After that, the depositary will hold the money it received on the sale, as well as
any other cash it is holding under the deposit agreement for the pro rata benefit of the ADS
holders that have not surrendered their ADSs. It will not invest the money and has no liability for
interest. The depositarys only obligations will be to account for the money and other cash. After
termination, our only obligations will be to indemnify the depositary and to pay fees and expenses
of the depositary that we agreed to pay.
Limitations on Obligations and Liability
Limits on our Obligations and the Obligations of the Depositary; Limits on Liability to Holders of ADSs
The deposit agreement expressly limits our obligations and the obligations of the depositary.
It also limits our liability and the liability of the depositary. We and the depositary:
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are only obligated to take the actions specifically set forth in the deposit agreement
without negligence or bad faith; |
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are not liable if either of us is prevented or delayed by law or circumstances beyond our
control from performing our obligations under the deposit agreement; |
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are not liable if either of us exercises discretion permitted under the deposit agreement; |
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have no obligation to become involved in a lawsuit or other proceeding related to the
ADSs or the deposit agreement on your behalf or on behalf of any other person; |
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may rely upon any documents we believe in good faith to be genuine and to have been
signed or presented by the proper person. |
In the deposit agreement, we and the depositary agree to indemnify each other under certain
circumstances.
Requirements for Depositary Actions
Before the depositary will deliver or register a transfer of an ADS, make a distribution on an
ADS, or permit withdrawal of shares, the depositary may require:
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payment of stock transfer or other taxes or other governmental
charges and transfer or registration fees charged by third
parties for the transfer of any shares or other deposited
securities; |
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satisfactory proof of the identity and genuineness of any
signature or other information it deems necessary; and |
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compliance with regulations it may establish, from time to time,
consistent with the deposit agreement, including presentation of
transfer documents. |
The depositary may refuse to deliver ADSs or register transfers of ADSs generally when the
transfer books of the depositary or our transfer books are closed or at any time if the depositary
or we think it advisable to do so.
Your Right to Receive the Shares Underlying your ADRs
You have the right to cancel your ADSs and withdraw the underlying shares at any time except:
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When temporary delays arise because: (i) the depositary has
closed its transfer books or we have closed our transfer books;
(ii) the transfer of shares is blocked to permit voting at a
shareholders meeting; or (iii) we are paying a dividend on our
shares. |
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When you or other ADS holders seeking to withdraw shares owe
money to pay fees, taxes and similar charges. |
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When it is necessary to prohibit withdrawals in order to comply
with any laws or governmental regulations that apply to ADSs or
to the withdrawal of shares or other deposited securities. |
This right of withdrawal may not be limited by any other provision of the deposit agreement.
Pre-release of ADSs
The deposit agreement permits the depositary to deliver ADSs before deposit of the underlying
shares. This is called a pre-release of the ADSs. The depositary may also deliver shares upon
cancellation of pre-released ADSs (even if the ADSs are canceled before the pre-release transaction
has been closed out). A pre-release is closed out as soon as the underlying shares are delivered to
the depositary. The depositary may receive ADSs instead of shares to close out a pre-release. The
depositary may pre-release ADSs only under the following conditions: (1) before or at the time of
the pre-release, the person to whom the pre-release is being made represents to the depositary in
writing that it or its customer owns the shares or ADSs to be deposited; (2) the pre-release is
fully collateralized with cash or other collateral that the depositary considers appropriate; and
(3) the depositary must be able to close out the pre-release on not more than five business days
notice. In addition, the depositary will limit the number of ADSs that may be outstanding at any
time as a result of pre-release, although the depositary may disregard the limit from time to time,
if it thinks it is appropriate to do so.
Direct Registration System
In the deposit agreement, all parties to the deposit agreement acknowledge that the DRS and
Profile Modification System, or Profile, will apply to uncertificated ADSs upon acceptance thereof
to DRS by DTC. DRS is the system administered by DTC pursuant to which the depositary may register
the ownership of uncertificated ADSs, which ownership shall be confirmed by periodic statements
sent by the depositary to the ADS holders entitled thereto. Profile is a required feature of DRS
which allows a DTC participant, claiming to act on behalf of an ADS holder, to direct the
depositary to register a transfer of those ADSs to DTC or its nominee and to deliver those ADSs to
the DTC account of that DTC participant without receipt by the depositary of prior authorization
from the ADS holder to register such transfer.
In connection with and in accordance with the arrangements and procedures relating to the DRS/
Profile system, the parties to the deposit agreement understand that the depositary will not
verify, determine or otherwise
ascertain that the DTC participant which is claiming to be acting on behalf of an ADS holder
in requesting registration of transfer and delivery described in the paragraph above has the actual
authority to act on behalf of the ADS holder (notwithstanding any requirements under the Uniform
Commercial Code in effect in the State of New York). In the deposit agreement, the parties agree
that the depositarys reliance on and compliance with instructions
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received by the depositary
through the DRS/ Profile system and in accordance with the deposit agreement, shall not constitute
negligence or bad faith on the part of the depositary.
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DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED SHARES
Our
amended and restated articles of association authorizes our board of directors to
establish from time to time one or more series of preferred shares and to determine, with respect
to any series of preferred shares, the terms and rights of that series, including:
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the designation of the series; |
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the number of shares of the series; |
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the dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights; and |
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the rights and terms of redemption and liquidation preferences. |
Our board of directors may issue series of preferred shares without action by our shareholders
to the extent authorized but unissued. Accordingly, the issuance of preferred shares may adversely
affect the rights of the holders of the ordinary shares. In addition, the issuance of preferred
shares may be used as an anti-takeover device without further action on the part of the
shareholders. The issuance of preferred shares may dilute the voting power of holders of ordinary
shares.
The prospectus supplement relating to the series of preferred shares offered by that
supplement will describe the specific terms of those securities.
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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES
The following description, together with the additional information we include in any
applicable prospectus supplements, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the debt
securities that we may offer under this prospectus. While the terms we have summarized below will
generally apply to any future debt securities we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe
the particular terms of any debt securities that we may offer in more detail in the applicable
prospectus supplement. The terms of any debt securities we offer under a prospectus supplement may
differ from the terms we describe below.
We will issue any senior notes under the senior indenture which we will enter into with the
trustee named in the senior indenture. We will issue any subordinated notes under the subordinated
indenture which we will enter into with the trustee named in the subordinated indenture. We have
filed forms of these documents as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus
is a part. We use the term indentures to refer to both the senior indenture and the subordinated
indenture.
The indentures will be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939. We use the term
trustee to refer to either the senior trustee or the subordinated trustee, as applicable.
The following summaries of material provisions of the senior notes, the subordinated notes and
the indentures are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions
of the indenture applicable to a particular series of debt securities. We urge you to read the
applicable prospectus supplements related to the debt securities that we sell under this
prospectus, as well as the complete indentures that contain the terms of the debt securities.
Except as we may otherwise indicate, the terms of the senior indenture and the subordinated
indenture are identical.
General
The indentures do not limit the aggregate principal amount of debt securities that may be
issued thereunder. The debt securities may be issued from time to time in one or more series. We
will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms relating to a series of debt
securities, including:
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the title; |
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the principal amount being offered, and, if a series, the total amount authorized
and the total amount outstanding; |
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any limit on the amount that may be issued; |
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whether or not we will issue the series of debt securities in global form and, if
so, the terms and who the depositary will be; |
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the maturity date(s); |
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the principal amount due at maturity, and whether the debt securities will be issued
with any original issue discount; |
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whether and under what circumstances, if any, we will pay additional amounts on any
debt securities, and whether we can redeem the debt securities if we have to pay such
additional amounts; |
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the interest rate(s), which may be fixed or variable, or the method for determining
the rate, the date interest will begin to accrue, the dates interest will be payable
and the regular record dates for interest payment dates or the method for determining
such dates; |
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whether or not the debt securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of
any secured debt; |
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the terms of the subordination of any series of subordinated debt; |
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the place where payments will be payable; |
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restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment, if any; |
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our right, if any, to defer payment of interest and the maximum length of any such
deferral period; |
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the date, if any, after which, the conditions upon which, and the price at which we
may, at our option, redeem the series of debt securities pursuant to any optional or
provisional redemption provisions, and any other applicable terms of those redemption
provisions; |
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provisions for a sinking fund, purchase or other analogous fund, if any; |
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the date, if any, on which, and the price at which we are obligated, pursuant to any
mandatory sinking fund or analogous fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the
holders option to purchase, the series of debt securities; |
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a discussion of any material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations
applicable to the debt securities; |
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information describing any book-entry features; |
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the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any; |
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the denominations in which we will issue the series of debt securities, if other
than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof; |
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if other than U.S. dollars, the currency in which the series of debt securities will
be denominated; and |
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any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on,
the debt securities, including any events of default that are in addition to those
described in this prospectus or any covenants, including restrictive covenants,
provided with respect to the debt securities, and any terms which may be required by us
or advisable under applicable laws or regulations or advisable in connection with the
marketing of the debt securities. |
One or more series of the debt securities may be issued as discounted debt securities (bearing
no interest or interest at a rate which at the time of issuance is below market rates) to be sold
at a substantial discount below their stated principal amount. Material U.S. federal income tax
consequences and other special considerations applicable to any such discounted debt securities
will be described in the prospectus supplement relating thereto.
Conversion or Exchange Rights
We will set forth in the prospectus supplement the terms on which a series of debt securities
may be convertible into or exchangeable for our ordinary shares or other securities, including the
conversion or exchange rate, as applicable, or how it will be calculated, and the applicable
conversion or exchange period. We will include provisions as to whether conversion or exchange is
mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option. We may include provisions pursuant to
which the number of our securities that the holders of the series of debt securities receive upon
conversion or exchange would, under the circumstances described in those provisions, be subject to
adjustment, or pursuant to which those holders would, under those circumstances, receive other
property upon conversion or exchange, for example in the event of our merger or consolidation with
another entity.
Consolidation, Merger or Sale
The indentures in the forms initially filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which
this prospectus is a part do not contain any covenant that restricts our ability to merge or
consolidate, or sell, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our
assets. However, any successor of ours or acquiror of such assets must assume all of our
obligations under the indentures and the debt securities.
If the debt securities are convertible into our other securities, the person with whom we
consolidate or merge or to whom we sell all of our property must make provisions for the conversion
of the debt securities into securities similar to the debt securities which the holders of the debt
securities would have received if they had converted the debt securities before the consolidation,
merger or sale.
Events of Default Under the Indentures
The following are events of default under the indentures with respect to any series of debt
securities that we may issue:
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if we fail to pay interest when due and payable and our failure continues for 30
days and the time for payment has not been extended or deferred; |
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if we fail to pay the principal, or premium, if any, when due and payable and the
time for payment has not been extended or delayed; |
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if we fail to observe or perform any other covenant contained in the debt securities
or the indentures, other than a covenant solely for the benefit of another series of
debt securities, and our failure continues for 90 days after we receive notice from the
trustee or holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding
debt securities of the applicable series; and |
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if specified events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur. |
If an event of default with respect to debt securities of any series occurs and is continuing,
other than an event of default specified in the last bullet point above, the trustee or the holders
of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series, by
notice to us in writing, and to the trustee if notice is given by such holders, may declare the
unpaid principal or, premium, if any, and accrued interest, if any, due and payable immediately.
If an event of default specified in the last bullet point above occurs with respect to us, the
principal amount of and accrued interest, if any, of each series of debt securities then
outstanding shall be due and payable without any notice or other action on the part of the trustee
or any holder.
The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of an
affected series may waive any default or event of default with respect to the series and its
consequences, except defaults or events of default regarding payment of principal, premium, if any,
or interest, unless we have cured the default or event of default in accordance with the applicable
indenture.
Subject to the terms of the indentures, if an event of default under an indenture shall occur
and be continuing, the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers
under such indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of the applicable series of
debt securities, unless such holders have offered the trustee reasonable indemnity. The holders of
a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right
to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the
trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee, with respect to the debt
securities of that series, provided that:
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the direction so given by the holder is not in conflict with any law or the
applicable indenture; and |
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subject to its duties under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, the trustee need not
take any action that might involve it in personal liability or might be unduly
prejudicial to the holders not involved in the proceeding. |
A holder of the debt securities of any series will only have the right to institute a
proceeding under the indentures or to appoint a receiver or trustee, or to seek other remedies if:
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the holder has given written notice to the trustee of a continuing event of default
with respect to that series; |
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the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt
securities of that series have made written request, and such holders have offered
reasonable indemnity to the trustee, to institute the proceeding as trustee; and |
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the trustee does not institute the proceeding, and does not receive from the holders
of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that
series other conflicting directions, within 90 days after the notice, request and
offer. |
These limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by a holder of debt securities if we
default in the payment of the principal, premium, if any, or interest on, the debt securities.
We will periodically file statements with the trustee regarding our compliance with the
covenants in the indentures.
Modification of Indentures; Waiver
We and the trustee may change an indenture without the consent of any holders with respect to
specific matters, including:
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to fix any ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency in the indenture; |
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to comply with the provisions described above under Consolidation, Merger or
Sale; |
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to comply with any requirements of the SEC in connection with the qualification of
any indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939; |
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to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment by a successor trustee; |
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to provide for uncertificated debt securities; |
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to add to, delete from, or revise the conditions, limitations and restrictions on
the authorized amount, terms or purposes of issuance, authorization and delivery of
debt securities of any unissued series; |
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to add any additional events of default; |
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to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of
any series of debt securities as provided in an indenture, to establish the form of any
certifications required to be furnished pursuant to an indenture or any series of debt
securities, or to add to the rights of the holders of any series of debt securities; |
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to add to our covenants such new covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions
for the protection of the holders, to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and the
continuance, of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or
provisions an event of default, or to surrender any of our rights or powers under the
indenture; or |
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to make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under an
indenture, provided that such action shall not adversely affect the interests of
holders or any related coupons in any material respect; provided further, that any
change to an indenture to conform it to this prospectus or the applicable prospectus
supplement shall be deemed not to adversely affect the interests of holders in any
material respect. |
In addition, under the indentures, the rights of holders of a series of debt securities may be
changed by us and the trustee with the written consent of the holders of at least a majority in
aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series that is affected.
However, we and the trustee may make the following changes only with the consent of each holder of
any outstanding debt securities affected:
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changing the stated fixed maturity of, or any payment date of any installment of
interest on, the debt securities; |
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reducing the principal amount, reducing the rate of interest on, or reducing any
premium payable upon the redemption of any debt securities; or |
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reducing the percentage of debt securities, the holders of which are required to
consent to any supplemental indenture. |
Defeasance and Discharge
The indentures provide that we may elect, with respect to the debt securities of any series to
terminate (and be deemed to have satisfied) any and all obligations in respect of such debt
securities (except for certain obligations to register the transfer or exchange of debt securities,
to replace stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities, to maintain paying agencies and hold monies
for payment in trust and, if so specified with respect to the debt securities of a certain series,
to pay the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on such specified debt
securities) on the 91st day after the deposit with the trustee, in trust, of money and/or U.S.
government obligations which through the payment of interest and principal thereof in accordance
with their terms will provide money in an amount sufficient to pay any installment of principal
(and premium, if any (and interest, if any)), on and any mandatory sinking fund payments in respect
of such debt securities on the stated maturity of such payments in accordance with the terms of the
Indenture and such debt securities.
Such a trust may be established only if, among other things, we have delivered to the trustee
an opinion of counsel (who may be counsel to us) to the effect that, based upon applicable U.S.
federal income tax law or a ruling published by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (which opinion
must be based on a change in applicable U.S. federal income tax law after the date of the indenture
or a ruling published by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service after the date of the indenture), such a
defeasance and discharge will not be deemed, or result in, a taxable event with respect to holders
of such debt securities. The designation of such provisions, U.S. federal income tax consequences
and other considerations applicable thereto will be described in the prospectus supplement relating
thereto. If so specified with respect to the debt securities of a series, such a trust may be
established only if establishment of the
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trust would not cause the debt securities of any such series listed on any nationally
recognized securities exchange to be de-listed as a result thereof.
Form, Exchange and Transfer
We will issue the debt securities of each series only in fully registered form without coupons
and, unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, in denominations of
$1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. The indentures provide that we may issue debt securities
of a series in temporary or permanent global form and as book-entry securities that will be
deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company or another depositary named by us and
identified in a prospectus supplement with respect to that series.
At the option of the holder, subject to the terms of the indentures and the limitations
applicable to global securities described in the applicable prospectus supplement, the holder of
the debt securities of any series can exchange the debt securities for other debt securities of the
same series, in any authorized denomination and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount.
Subject to the terms of the indentures and the limitations applicable to global securities set
forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the debt securities may present the debt
securities for exchange or for registration of transfer, duly endorsed or with the form of transfer
endorsed thereon duly executed if so required by us or the security registrar, at the office of the
security registrar or at the office of any transfer agent designated by us for this purpose.
Unless otherwise provided in the debt securities that the holder presents for transfer or exchange,
we will make no service charge for any registration of transfer or exchange, but we may require
payment of any taxes or other governmental charges.
We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement the security registrar, and any transfer
agent in addition to the security registrar, that we initially designate for any debt securities.
We may at any time designate additional transfer agents or rescind the designation of any transfer
agent or approve a change in the office through which any transfer agent acts, except that we will
be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of each
series.
If we elect to redeem the debt securities of any series, we will not be required to:
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issue, register the transfer of, or exchange any debt securities of any series being
redeemed in part during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before
the day of mailing of a notice of redemption of any debt securities that may be
selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of the mailing;
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register the transfer of or exchange any debt securities so selected for redemption,
in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any debt securities we are
redeeming in part. |
Information Concerning the Trustee
The trustee, other than during the occurrence and continuance of an event of default under an
indenture, undertakes to perform only those duties as are specifically set forth in the applicable
indenture. Upon an event of default under an indenture, the trustee must use the same degree of
care as a prudent person would exercise or use in the conduct of his or her own affairs. Subject
to this provision, the trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of the powers given it by the
indentures at the request of any holder of debt securities unless it is offered reasonable security
and indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities that it might incur.
Payment and Paying Agents
Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make payment of
the interest on any debt securities on any interest payment date to the person in whose name the
debt securities, or one or more predecessor securities, are registered at the close of business on
the regular record date for the interest.
We will pay principal of, and any premium and interest on, the debt securities of a particular
series at the office of the paying agents designated by us, except that, unless we otherwise
indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we may make payments of principal or interest by
check which we will mail to the holder or by wire transfer to certain holders. Unless we otherwise
indicate in a prospectus supplement, we will designate an office or agency of the trustee in the
City of New York as our paying agent for payments with respect to debt securities of each series.
We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement any other paying agents that we initially
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designate for the debt securities of a particular series. We will maintain a paying agent in
each place of payment for the debt securities of a particular series.
All money we pay to a paying agent or the trustee for the payment of the principal of or any
premium or interest on any debt securities which remains unclaimed at the end of two years after
such principal, premium or interest has become due and payable will be repaid to us, and the holder
of the debt security thereafter may look only to us for payment thereof.
Governing Law
The indentures and the debt securities will be governed by and construed in accordance with
the laws of the State of New York, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is
applicable.
Subordination of Subordinated Debt Securities
The subordinated debt securities will be subordinate and junior in priority of payment to
certain of our other indebtedness to the extent described in a prospectus supplement.
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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS
We may issue warrants for the purchase of our ordinary shares, including ordinary shares
represented by ADSs, or debt securities. We may issue warrants independently of or together with
ordinary shares (including ordinary shares represented by ADSs) or debt securities offered by any
prospectus supplement, and we may attach the warrants to, or issue them separately from, ordinary
shares (including ordinary shares represented by ADSs) or debt securities. Each series of warrants
will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between us and a bank or trust
company, as warrant agent, all as set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to the particular
issue of offered warrants. The warrant agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the
warrant certificates relating to the warrants and will not assume any obligation or relationship of
agency or trust with any holders of warrant certificates or beneficial owners of warrants. The
following summaries of certain provisions of the warrant agreements and warrants do not purport to
be complete and are subject to, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the
provisions of the warrant agreement and the warrant certificates relating to each series of
warrants which we will file with the SEC and incorporate by reference as an exhibit to the
registration statement of which this prospectus is a part at or prior to the time of the issuance
of any series of warrants.
General
The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of the warrants, including as
applicable:
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the offering price; |
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the aggregate number or amount of underlying securities purchasable upon exercise of
the warrants and the exercise price; |
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the number of warrants being offered; |
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the date, if any, after which the warrants and the underlying securities will be
transferable separately; |
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the date on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence, and the date on
which the right will expire (the Expiration Date); |
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the number of warrants outstanding, if any; |
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any material U.S. federal income tax consequences; |
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the terms, if any, on which we may accelerate the date by which the warrants must be
exercised; and |
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any other terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations
relating to the exchange and exercise of the warrants. |
Warrants will be offered and exercisable for US dollars only and will be in registered form
only.
Holders of warrants will be able to exchange warrant certificates for new warrant certificates
of different denominations, present warrants for registration of transfer, and exercise warrants at
the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the applicable
prospectus supplement. Prior to the exercise of any warrants, holders of the warrants to purchase
ordinary shares will not have any rights of holders of ordinary shares, including the right to
receive payments of dividends, if any, or to exercise any applicable right to vote.
Certain Risk Considerations
Any warrants we issue will involve a degree of risk, including risks arising from fluctuations
in the price of the underlying ordinary shares or debt securities and general risks applicable to
the securities market (or markets) on which the underlying securities trade, as applicable.
Prospective purchasers of the warrants will need to recognize that the warrants may expire
worthless and, thus, purchasers should be prepared to sustain a total loss of the purchase price of
their warrants. This risk reflects the nature of a warrant as an asset which, other factors held
constant, tends to decline in value over time and which may, depending on the price of the
underlying securities, become worthless when it expires. The trading price of a warrant at any time
is expected to increase if the price of or, if applicable, dividend rate on, the underlying
securities increases. Conversely, the trading price of a warrant is expected to decrease as the
time remaining to expiration of the warrant decreases and as the price of or, if applicable,
dividend rate on, the underlying securities, decreases. Assuming all other factors are held
constant, the more a warrant is out-of-the-money (i.e., the more the exercise
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price exceeds the price of the underlying securities and the shorter its remaining term to
expiration), the greater the risk that a purchaser of the warrant will lose all or part of his or
her investment. If the price of the underlying securities does not rise before the warrant expires
to an extent sufficient to cover a purchasers cost of the warrant, the purchaser will lose all or
part of his or her investment in the warrant upon expiration.
In addition, prospective purchasers of the warrants should be experienced with respect to
options and option transactions, should understand the risks associated with options and should
reach an investment decision only after careful consideration, with their financial advisers, of
the suitability of the warrants in light of their particular financial circumstances and the
information discussed in this prospectus and, if applicable, the prospectus supplement. Before
purchasing, exercising or selling any warrants, prospective purchasers and holders of warrants
should carefully consider, among other things:
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the trading price of the warrants; |
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the price of the underlying securities at that time; |
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the time remaining to expiration; and |
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any related transaction costs. |
Some of the factors referred to above are in turn influenced by various political, economic
and other factors that can affect the trading price of the underlying securities and should be
carefully considered prior to making any investment decisions.
Purchasers of the warrants should further consider that the initial offering price of the
warrants may be in excess of the price that a purchaser of options might pay for a comparable
option in a private, less liquid transaction. In addition, it is not possible to predict the price
at which the warrants will trade in the secondary market or whether any such market will be liquid.
We may, but will not be obligated to, file an application to list any warrants on a United States
national securities exchange. To the extent that any warrants are exercised, the number of warrants
outstanding will decrease, which may result in a lessening of the liquidity of the warrants.
Finally, the warrants will constitute our direct, unconditional and unsecured obligations, and as
such will be subject to any changes in our perceived creditworthiness.
Exercise of Warrants
Each holder of a warrant will be entitled to purchase that number or amount of underlying
securities, at the exercise price, as will in each case be described in the prospectus supplement
relating to the offered warrants. After the close of business on the Expiration Date (which may be
extended by us), unexercised warrants will become void.
Holders may exercise warrants by delivering to the warrant agent payment as provided in the
applicable prospectus supplement of the amount required to purchase the underlying securities
purchasable upon exercise, together with the information set forth on the reverse side of the
warrant certificate. Warrants will be deemed to have been exercised upon receipt of payment of the
exercise price, subject to the receipt within five business days of the warrant certificate
evidencing the exercised warrants. Upon receipt of payment and the warrant certificate properly
completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office
indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will, as soon as practicable, issue and
deliver the underlying securities purchasable upon such exercise. If fewer than all of the warrants
represented by a warrant certificate are exercised, we will issue a new warrant certificate for the
remaining amount of warrants.
Amendments and Supplements to Warrant Agreements
We may amend or supplement the warrant agreement without the consent of the holders of the
warrants issued under the agreement to effect changes that are not inconsistent with the provisions
of the warrants and that do not adversely affect the interests of the holders.
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DESCRIPTION OF RIGHTS
We may issue rights for the purchase of our ordinary shares, including ordinary shares
represented by ADSs, or debt securities. Each series of rights will be issued under a separate
rights agreement which we will enter into with a bank or trust company, as rights agent, all as set
forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. The rights agent will act solely as our agent in
connection with the certificates relating to the rights and will not assume any obligation or
relationship of agency or trust with any holders of rights certificates or beneficial owners of
rights. We will file the rights agreement and the rights certificates relating to each series of
rights with the SEC, and incorporate them by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement
of which this prospectus is a part on or before the time we issue a series of rights.
The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of any rights we issue, including
as applicable:
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the date for determining the persons entitled to participate in the rights
distribution; |
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the aggregate number or amount of underlying securities purchasable upon exercise of
the rights and the exercise price; |
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the aggregate number of rights being issued; |
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the date, if any, on and after which the rights may be transferable separately; |
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the date on which the right to exercise the rights commences and the date on which
the right expires; |
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the number of rights outstanding, if any; |
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any material U.S. federal income tax consequences; and |
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any other terms of the rights, including the terms, procedures and limitations
relating to the distribution, exchange and exercise of the rights. |
Rights will be exercisable for US dollars only and will be in registered form only.
DESCRIPTION OF UNITS
We may issue securities in units, each consisting of two or more types of securities. For
example, we might issue units consisting of a combination of debt securities and warrants to
purchase ordinary shares. If we issue units, the prospectus supplement relating to the units will
contain the information described above with regard to each of the securities that is a component
of the units. In addition, the prospectus supplement relating to units will describe the terms of
any units we issue, including as applicable:
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the date, if any, on and after which the units may be transferable separately; |
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whether we will apply to have the units traded on a securities exchange or
securities quotation system; |
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any material U.S. federal income tax consequences; and |
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how, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the purchase price paid for the units is
to be allocated among the component securities. |
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SELLING SECURITYHOLDERS
Information about selling securityholders, where applicable, will be set forth in a prospectus
supplement, in a post-effective amendment, or in filings we make with the SEC that are incorporated
into this prospectus by reference.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We and any selling securityholders may sell the securities under this prospectus in one or
more of the following ways (or in any combination) from time to time:
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to or through one or more underwriters or dealers; |
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in short or long transactions; |
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directly to investors; or |
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through agents. |
If underwriters or dealers are used in the sale, the securities will be acquired by the
underwriters or dealers for their own account and may be resold from time to time in one or more
transactions, including:
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in privately negotiated transactions; |
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in one or more transactions at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed from
time to time; |
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in at the market offerings, within the meaning of Rule 415(a)(4) of the Securities
Act, to or through a market maker or into an existing trading market, on an exchange or
otherwise; |
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at prices related to those prevailing market prices; or |
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at negotiated prices. |
As applicable, we, any selling securityholders, and our respective underwriters, dealers or
agents, reserve the right to accept or reject all or part of any proposed purchase of the
securities. We will set forth in a prospectus supplement the terms and offering of securities by
us, including:
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the names of any underwriters, dealers or agents; |
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any agency fees or underwriting discounts or commissions and other items
constituting agents or underwriters compensation; |
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any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; |
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details regarding over-allotment options under which underwriters may purchase
additional securities from us, if any; |
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the purchase price of the securities being offered and the proceeds we will receive
from the sale; |
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the public offering price; and |
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the securities exchanges on which such securities may be listed, if any. |
We and any selling securityholders may enter into derivative transactions with third parties
or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated
transactions from time to time. If the applicable prospectus supplement indicates, in connection
with those derivative transactions, such third parties (or affiliates of such third parties) may
sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in
short sale transactions. If so, such third parties (or affiliates of such third parties) may use
securities pledged by us or any selling securityholders, as the case may be, or borrowed from us or
any selling securityholders, as the case may be, or others to settle those sales or to close out
any related open borrowings of securities, and may use securities received from us or any selling
securityholders, as the case may be, in settlement of those derivative transactions to close out
any related open borrowings of securities. The third parties (or affiliates of such third parties)
in such sale transactions by us will be underwriters and will be identified in an applicable
prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment). We may also sell securities under this
prospectus upon the exercise of rights that may be issued to our securityholders.
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We may loan or pledge securities to a financial institution or other third party that in turn
may sell the securities using this prospectus and an applicable prospectus supplement. Such
financial institution or third party may transfer its economic short position to investors in our
securities or in connection with a simultaneous offering of other securities offered by this
prospectus.
Underwriters, Agents and Dealers. If underwriters are used in the sale of our securities, the
securities will be acquired by the underwriters for their own account and may be resold from time
to time in one or more transactions described above. The securities may be offered to the public
either through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters or directly by
underwriters. Generally, the underwriters obligations to purchase the securities will be subject
to conditions precedent and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the securities if
they purchase any of the securities. We may use underwriters with which we have a material
relationship and will describe in the prospectus supplement, naming the underwriter, the nature of
any such relationship.
We and any selling securityholders may sell the securities through agents from time to time.
When we sell securities through agents, the prospectus supplement will name any agent involved in
the offer or sale of securities and any commissions we pay to them. Generally, any agent will be
acting on a best efforts basis for the period of its appointment.
We may authorize underwriters, dealers or agents to solicit offers by certain purchasers to
purchase our securities from us at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement
pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified date in
the future. The contracts will be subject only to those conditions set forth in the prospectus
supplement, and the prospectus supplement will set forth any commissions we pay for solicitation of
these contracts.
Underwriters, dealers and agents may contract for or otherwise be entitled to indemnification
by us against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to
contribution with respect to payments made by the underwriters, dealers or agents, under agreements
between us and the underwriters, dealers and agents.
We may grant underwriters who participate in the distribution of our securities an option to
purchase additional securities to cover over-allotments, if any, in connection with the
distribution.
Underwriters, dealers or agents may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions
or commissions from us or our purchasers, as their agents in connection with the sale of our
securities. These underwriters, dealers or agents may be considered to be underwriters under the
Securities Act. As a result, discounts, commissions or profits on resale received by the
underwriters, dealers or agents may be treated as underwriting discounts and commissions. The
prospectus supplement for any securities offered by us will identify any such underwriter, dealer
or agent and describe any compensation received by them from us. Any public offering price and any
discounts or concessions allowed or re-allowed or paid to dealers may be changed from time to time.
Any underwriter may engage in over-allotment transactions, stabilizing transactions,
short-covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange
Act. Over-allotment involves sales in excess of the offering size, which create a short position.
Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing
bids do not exceed a specified maximum. Short-covering transactions involve purchases of our
securities in the open market after the distribution is completed to cover short positions. Penalty
bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a dealer when the securities
originally sold by the dealer are purchased in a transaction to cover short positions. Those
activities may cause the price of the securities to be higher than it would otherwise be. If
commenced, the underwriters may discontinue any of the activities at any time. We make no
representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect these transactions may
have on the price of our securities. For a description of these activities, see the information
under the heading Underwriting in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Underwriters, broker-dealers or agents who may become involved in the sale of our securities
may engage in transactions with and perform other services for us for which they receive
compensation.
Stabilization Activities. In connection with an offering through underwriters, an underwriter
may, to the extent permitted by applicable rules and regulations, purchase and sell securities in
the open market. These transactions, to the extent permitted by applicable rules and regulations,
may include short sales, stabilizing transactions and
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purchases to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales involve the sale by the
underwriters of a greater number of securities than they are required to purchase in the offering.
Covered short sales are sales made in an amount not greater than the underwriters option to
purchase additional securities from us in the offering, if any. If the underwriters have an
over-allotment option to purchase additional securities from us, the underwriters may consider,
among other things, the price of securities available for purchase in the open market as compared
to the price at which they may purchase securities through the over-allotment option. Naked short
sales, which may be prohibited or restricted by applicable rules and regulations, are any sales in
excess of such option or where the underwriters do not have an over-allotment option. The
underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing securities in the open market. A
naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may
be downward pressure on the price of the securities in the open market after pricing that could
adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering.
Accordingly, to cover these short sales positions or to otherwise stabilize or maintain the
price of the securities, the underwriters may bid for or purchase securities in the open market and
may impose penalty bids. If penalty bids are imposed, selling concessions allowed to syndicate
members or other broker-dealers participating in the offering are reclaimed if securities
previously distributed in the offering are repurchased, whether in connection with stabilization
transactions or otherwise. The effect of these transactions may be to stabilize or maintain the
market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open
market. The imposition of a penalty bid may also affect the price of the securities to the extent
that it discourages resale of the securities. The magnitude or effect of any stabilization or other
transactions is uncertain.
Direct Sales. We and any selling securityholders may also sell securities directly to one or
more purchasers without using underwriters or agents. In this case, no agents, underwriters or
dealers would be involved. We may sell securities upon the exercise of rights that we may issue to
our securityholders. We and any selling securityholders may also sell securities directly to
institutional investors or others who may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the
Securities Act with respect to any sale of those securities.
Trading Market. It is possible that one or more underwriters may make a market in a class or
series of securities, but the underwriters will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any
market making at any time without notice. We cannot give any assurance as to the liquidity of the
trading market for any of the securities.
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LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters will be passed upon for us by OMelveny & Myers LLP with respect to
matters of United States federal securities and New York State law. Certain legal matters as to
Cayman Islands law will be passed upon for us by Conyers Dill & Pearman. Certain legal matters as
to PRC law will be passed upon for us by Jun He Law Offices.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of Mindray Medical International Limited and its
subsidiaries, or MMIL, as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2009, incorporated in this
prospectus supplement by reference from MMILs Report on Form 6-K dated March 3, 2010, and the
consolidated financial statements of MMIL as of and for the year ended December 31, 2008 and
managements assessment of the effectiveness of MMILs internal control over financial reporting as
of December 31, 2008 (which is included in Managements Annual Report on Internal Control over
Financial Reporting) incorporated in this prospectus by reference to MMILs Annual
Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2008 have been so incorporated in reliance on
the reports of PricewaterhouseCoopers, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on
the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
The consolidated financial statements of Mindray Medical International Limited and its
subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and for the two years ended December 31, 2007,
incorporated in this prospectus by reference from our Annual Report on Form 20-F have been audited
by Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu CPA Ltd., an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated
in their report, which is incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements
have been so incorporated in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as
experts in accounting and auditing.
The statements included in this prospectus under the caption Enforcement of Civil
Liabilities, to the extent they constitute matters of PRC law, have been reviewed and confirmed by
Jun He Law Offices, our PRC counsel, as experts in such matters, and are included herein in
reliance upon such review and confirmation. The offices of Jun He Law Offices are located at
Shenzhen Development Bank Tower, 15-C, 5047 East Shenan Road, Shenzhen 518001, China.
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