UNITED STATES | |
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION | |
Washington, D.C. 20549 | |
FORM N-CSR | |
CERTIFIED SHAREHOLDER REPORT | |
OF | |
REGISTERED MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES | |
Investment Company Act file number: 811-04875 | |
Name of Registrant: Royce Value Trust, Inc. | |
Address of Registrant: 1414 Avenue of the Americas | |
New York, NY 10019 | |
Name and address of agent for service: | John E. Denneen, Esquire |
1414 Avenue of the Americas | |
New York, NY 10019 | |
Registrants telephone number, including area code: (212) 486-1445 | |
Date of fiscal year end: December 31 | |
Date of reporting period: January 1, 2008 December 31, 2008 | |
Item 1. Reports to Shareholders. | |
Royce Value Trust Royce Micro-Cap Trust Royce Focus Trust |
ANNUAL REVIEW AND REPORT TO STOCKHOLDERS |
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www.roycefunds.com |
A Few Words on Closed-End Funds | |
Royce & Associates, LLC manages three closed-end funds: Royce Value Trust, the first small-cap value closed-end fund offering; Royce Micro-Cap Trust, the only micro-cap closed-end fund; and Royce Focus Trust, a closed-end fund that invests in a limited number of primarily small-cap companies. A closed-end fund is an investment company whose shares are listed and traded on a stock exchange. Like all investment companies, including open-end mutual funds, the assets of a closed-end fund are professionally managed in accordance with the investment objectives and policies approved by the funds Board of Directors. A closed-end fund raises cash for investment by issuing a fixed number of shares through initial and other public offerings that may include shelf offerings and periodic rights offerings. Proceeds from the offerings are invested in an actively managed portfolio of securities. Investors wanting to buy or sell shares of a publicly traded closed-end fund after the offerings must do so on a stock exchange, as with any publicly traded stock. This is in contrast to open-end mutual funds, in which the fund sells and redeems its shares on a continuous basis. |
A Closed-End Fund Offers Several Distinct Advantages Not Available From An Open-End Fund Structure
n | Since a closed-end
fund does not issue redeemable securities or offer its securities on a continuous
basis, it does not need to liquidate securities or hold uninvested assets to meet
investor demands for cash redemptions, as an open-end fund must. |
n | The fixed
capital structure allows permanent leverage to be employed as a means to enhance
capital appreciation potential. |
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n | In a closed-end
fund, not having to meet investor redemption requests or invest at inopportune times
is ideal for value managers who attempt to buy stocks when prices are depressed
and sell securities when prices are high. |
n | Unlike Royces open-end funds, our closed-end funds are able to distribute capital gains
on a quarterly basis. Each of the Funds had a quarterly distribution policy for
its common stock in 2008. |
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n | A closed-end
fund may invest more freely in less liquid portfolio securities because it is not
subject to potential stockholder redemption demands. This is particularly beneficial
for Royce-managed closed-end funds, which invest in small- and micro-cap securities.
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We believe that the closed-end fund structure is very suitable for the
long-term investor who understands the benefits of a stable pool of capital. |
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Why Dividend Reinvestment Is Important A very important component of an investors total return comes from the reinvestment of distributions. By reinvesting distributions, our investors can maintain an undiluted investment in a Fund. To get a fair idea of the impact of reinvested distributions, please see the charts on pages 13, 15 and 17. For additional information on the Funds Distribution Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Options and the benefits for stockholders, please see page 19 or visit our website at www.roycefunds.com. |
This page is not part of the 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders |
Table of Contents | ||
Annual Review | ||
Performance Table | 2 | |
Letter to Our Stockholders | 3 | |
Small-Cap Market Cycle Performance | 10 | |
Postscript: Where Were You When...? | Inside Back Cover | |
Annual Report to Stockholders | 11 | |
For more than 30 years, we have used a value approach to invest in smaller-cap securities. We focus primarily on the quality of a companys balance sheet, its ability to generate free cash flow and other measures of profitability or sound financial condition. At times, we may also look at other factors, such as a companys unrecognized asset values, its future growth prospects or its turnaround potential following an earnings disappointment or other business difficulties. We then use these factors to assess the companys current worth, basing the assessment on either what we believe a knowledgeable buyer might pay to acquire the entire company, or what we think the value of the company should be in the stock market.
This page is not part of the 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 1 |
Performance Table | |
NAV Average Annual Total Returns | Through December 31, 2008 |
Royce | Royce | Royce | |||||||||||
Value Trust |
Micro-Cap Trust |
Focus Trust |
Russell 2000 |
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Fourth Quarter 2008* |
-32.89 | % | -33.68 | % | -30.46 | % | -26.12 | % | |||||
July-December 2008* | -38.43 | -38.23 | -43.99 | -26.94 | |||||||||
One-Year | -45.62 | -45.45 | -42.71 | -33.79 | |||||||||
Three-Year | -11.95 | -12.40 | -9.36 | -8.29 | |||||||||
Five-Year | -2.12 | -3.16 | 1.83 | -0.93 | |||||||||
10-Year | 4.82 | 5.83 | 7.90 | 3.02 | |||||||||
15-Year | 7.52 | 8.14 | n.a. | 5.89 | |||||||||
20-Year | 9.24 | n.a. | n.a. | 7.86 | |||||||||
Since Inception | 8.95 | 8.13 | 7.86 | | |||||||||
Inception Date | 11/26/86 | 12/14/93 | 11/1/96** | | |||||||||
Important Performance and Risk Information
All performance information in this Review and Report
reflects past performance, is presented on a total return basis and reflects
the reinvestment of distributions. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.
Investment return and principal value of an investment will fluctuate, so that shares
may be worth more or less than their original cost when sold. Current performance
may be higher or lower than performance quoted. Current month-end performance may
be obtained at www.roycefunds.com. The Royce Funds invest primarily in securities
of small-cap and/or micro-cap companies, which may involve considerably more risk
than investments in securities of larger-cap companies.
The thoughts expressed in this Review and Report to Stockholders concerning recent market movements and future prospects for small-company stocks are solely the opinion of Royce at December 31, 2008, and, of course, historical market trends are not necessarily indicative of future market movements. Statements regarding the future prospects for particular securities held in the Funds portfolios and Royces investment intentions with respect to those securities reflect Royces opinions as of December 31, 2008 and are subject to change at any time without notice. There can be no assurance that securities mentioned in this Review and Report to Stockholders will be included in any Royce-managed portfolio in the future.
* | Not annualized. | |
** | Date Royce & Associates, LLC assumed investment management responsibility for the Fund. |
2 | This page is not part of the 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders |
Letter to Our Stockholders | |||
A Series Of Unfortunate Events | |||
Each crisis...has its unique individual
featuresthe nature of the shock, the object of speculation, the form of credit
expansion, the ingenuity of the swindlers, and the nature of the incident that touches
off revulsion. But if one may borrow a French phrase, the more something changes,
the more it remains the same. Details proliferate; structure abides. Charles P. Kindelberger, Manias, Panics and Crashes: A History of Financial Crises |
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In our 2008 Semiannual Review and Report
we observed, The first six months of 2008 gave even the most serene investor
cause for anxiety, if not panic. We wrote those words in July, two months
before the word bailout had entered our collective lexicon. It was a
time when Lehman Brothers was a major investment bank, AIG was a highly respected
insurance business and only a few people were concerned about the prospects for
the U.S. auto industry. Bear Stearns was at that point the only significant corporate
casualty. Ah, the good old days. However, there was a whiff of dread in the air,
with most of the fear coalescing around the impact of a rapidly contracting credit
market and a declining real estate market, both exacerbated by the ominous effects
of record defaults in subprime |
So while we took ample advantage of what
we thought were excellent opportunities in 2008particularly in the fourth
quarterwe remain profoundly disappointed in our showing during this most disconcertingly
memorable year. |
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This page is not part of the 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 3 |
Ultimately, asset management is a numbers game, and the numbers that matter most are performance numbers. Success or failure is measured in returns, which are analogous to the final score in a sporting event. So while investing and sports are dominated by performance, the study of how successful performance is achieved, and how it may best be maintained have also become increasingly critical topics, particularly among management teams in either field concerned with creating long-term winners. With the stock market enduringat the most generous estimatethe equivalent of a disastrous, injury- riddled season, we thought that it was worth looking at some of the related numbers that help to tell the story of what has been happening over the last 18 months in our smaller- company universe, especially now that the playing field has grown significantly larger. As the market approached its 2008 lows, for example, a story first reported by Reuters on November 19th revealed some interesting numbers within the S&P 500 index. One hundred and one companies in the large-cap index at that time were Continued on page 6... |
Letter to Our Stockholders
mortgages and troubles with the wildly complicated
securities that housed them. There were also concerns about the sluggish economy
and the stumbling stock market. All of this, of course, began to worsen quickly and radically in mid-September with a succession of collapses, near-collapses and restructurings that began with the sale of Merrill Lynch to Bank of America, the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers and the narrow escape of AIG from a similar fate, courtesy of a government-sponsored financial rescue plan. Other financial institutions quickly lobbied for the same privilege, as worries about the global financial system seizing up led to the enactment of the Troubled Assets Relief Program (TARP) in early October, which provided up to $700 billion for firms at risk. The stock market, in a dramatic swoon, initially took its cues from the still-contracted credit market, paying little heed to the federal governments efforts to stabilize the system and reduce the pain. An interim low for equities was not reached until November 20, more than a month after the passage of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (of which TARP is a part). And, in spite of a short-term rally from that November low through the end of December, the year lurched toward its end with plenty of volatile days when the major indices closed in the red. So much has changed, yet we find ourselves going about our business in much the same manner as always. We are humbled by the fact that we saw so little of it coming. Some kind of correction for smaller companies looked inevitable to us as early as 2006, but crisis did not seem like a sure thing as late as Labor Day of 2008. We have certainly been chastened by our inability to find enough companies capable of withstanding this historically severe bear market. One of our chief sources of collective pride over the years was our portfolios generally strong records in down markets. With a few notable exceptions, that was simply not the case in 2008. So while we took ample advantage of what we thought were excellent opportunitiesparticularly in the fourth quarterwe remain profoundly disappointed in our showing during this most disconcertingly memorable year. A Journal Of The Plague Year Of course, we were not alone in posting uninspiring results. The ongoing horserace between small- and large-cap stocks, as measured by the Russell 2000 and S&P 500, respectively, offered no real winner in 2008, only varying levels of painful negative returns. That said, the Russell 2000 received 2008s dubious distinction award. The small-cap indexs -33.8% calendar-year returnits worst everoutpaced the S&P 500s -37.0% result, as well as the more tech-heavy Nasdaq Composites -40.5% performance, the global MSCI EAFEs (Europe, Australasia and Far East) -43.4% mark and the MSCI World Small Cores -41.9% showing. Little else in any investment category provided positive returns in 2008, with the exception of a few municipal-bond indices. Losses were considerable across several asset groups. Domestic and international equities of every size, commodities and real estate all endured declines in excess of 30% in 2008. |
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The relative advantage for smaller domestic stocks was built in the years second and third quarters, especially the latter, a period in which the Russell 2000 fell 1.1% while the S&P 500 declined 8.4%. During the fourth quarters decline, the Russell 2000 gave back a portion of its edge, falling 26.1% versus a loss of 21.9% for its large-cap counterpart. It was the worst quarterly showing for either index since the fourth quarter of 1987. Recent market cycle results were also discouraging. From the Russell 2000s recent peak on 7/13/07 through the trough on 11/20/08, the small-cap index lost 54.1%. The S&P 500 declined 50.7% from its 2007 performance peak on 10/9/07 through 11/20/08. The longer-term picture was equally dispiriting. Three-and five-year returns ended 12/31/08 were negative for both the Russell 2000 and S&P 500. Ten-year returns for the S&P 500 were also negative, and among the worst in the long history of the large-cap index. These longer-term returns offer particularly compelling evidence of just how devastating the current bear market has been. |
None of us can see around corners, and no one can say with any assurance what will happen next, which is why the most informed, seemingly insightful forecasts can soon look short-sighted. | ||
In the context of such poor results, it
makes sense that few people commented on, or even noticed, the otherwise dynamic
rally that followed the trough on 11/20/08 through the years end, a
period that saw the Russell 2000 gain 30.0% versus a gain of 20.5% for the
S&P 500. Always a bit skeptical about short-term rallies, we were actually
more encouraged by the fact that a system was put in place, both here and
in other developed nations, to aid financial firms in trouble. While we may not
have seen the last of financial institutions failing, there was a growing steadiness
to the markets behavior as the fourth quarter came to a close. We really
cannot expect any long-term recovery until we achieve systemic stability.
The credit market has not yet recovered, but it did show some signs of life, with
the LIBOR spread contracting as the year ended. One other key component, though
not technically a sign of stability, is the unpredictable nature of markets
and economies. None of us can see around corners, and no one can say with any assurance
what will happen next, which is why the most informed, seemingly insightful forecasts
can soon look short-sighted. |
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The Waste Land | |||
In 2007 and through the first
six months of 2008, small-cap value stocks, as measured by the Russell 2000 Value
index, underperformed small-cap growth stocks, as measured by the Russell 2000
Growth index. This followed a seven-year period of performance dominance |
This page is not part of the 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 5
|
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Letter to Our Stockholders for small-cap value stocks that began
in earnest with the previous small-cap market peak on 3/9/00. As long-time believers
in the power of reversion to the mean, we thought that small-cap growths
overall advantage in the 18-month period that ended on 7/15/08 made sense considering
that small-cap value stocks had been the superior performers between 2000 and
2006. When it was clear to us by mid-October 2008 that the stock market was in
not just a bear market but an historically awful one, we were not sure how matters
would shake out within the smaller stock universe. However, we did feel sure
that, regardless of either styles ultimate advantage in 2008, each calendar-year
return would be dismal. The Russell 2000 Value index declined 28.9% versus a loss of 38.5% for the Russell 2000 Growth index in 2008. The first signs of a shift back to small-cap value, at least in the short term, can be seen in 2008s first quarter (-6.5% versus -12.8%), although the Russell 2000 Value index then lost ground to its small-cap growth sibling in the second quarter (-3.6% versus +4.5%). Outperformance for small-cap value was more consistent in the second half of 2008, with advantages over small-cap growth in both the third (+5.0% versus -7.0%) and fourth quarters (-24.9% versus -27.5%). The performance advantage for the Russell 2000 Value index also held during recent market-cycle periods, although in each instance its edge was slight and mostly attributable to second-half results in 2008. From the small-cap peak on 7/13/07 through 12/31/08, small-cap value was down 39.4% versus a loss of 41.8% for small-cap growth. Both indices have thus been mauled badly by the bear. In the short-term rally from the small-cap trough on 11/20/08 through 12/31/08, small-cap value gained 31.3% versus 28.6% for its small-cap growth counterpart. Small-cap values slender advantage in both the decline and the rally within the current market cycle is preferable to underperformance, but stands out more as an example that this bear has shown no mercy, save to a tiny handful of stocks. |
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Cold Comfort Farm | |||||||||||||
The same observation could be made from looking at the calendar-year
results for the three portfolios in this Review and Report, which all
lent support to the accuracy of the old adage that in a real bear market, no
stock is spared. We were highly disappointed that Royce Value Trust, Royce Micro-Cap
Trust and Royce Focus Trust all underperformed their small-cap benchmark, the
Russell 2000, in 2008. Our dissatisfaction was magnified by the fact that for
each portfolio we have historically managed far better in difficult markets only
to come up substantially short in this particularly challenging one. For all of
our closed-end funds, 2008 provided the worst absolute returns since each ones
respective inception. The fact that many other funds in the industry posted similarly
dreary results offers little comfort. Losses were sizeable across each Funds equity sector and industry groups, regardless of the respective portfolios market capitalization focus or specific investment approach. In |
6 | This page is not part of the 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders |
fact, there was little disparity among calendar-year results as a whole, though the story
grew more varied at the company, industry or sector level. Each Funds use of leverage also
magnified net losses in 2008. However, we were pleased that all three closed-end Royce
funds outperformed the Russell 2000 for the 10-year period ended 12/31/08. (Discussion
of each Funds performance begins on page 12.) |
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Been Down So Long It Looks Like Up To Me
What, exactly, happened? How did a group of mostly veteran portfolio managers at a firm that has taken great pride in the historical down market performance of its portfolios fare so poorly in a bear market? In large part, it has been the nature of this particular bear, which has clawed deeply at every area in nearly every stock market covering the globe. And its savagery has been deep and wide, owing to the near-catastrophic economic circumstances that have been its compatriots. From the first stirrings of the housing crisis in 2006 through our first look at a large-scale economic stimulus plan in January 2009, the news has been unremittingly bad, including a global financial system that barely avoided a massive failure to function between mid-September and mid-November. This last crisis took place in the midst of a deepening recession. In such an uncertain environment, it was simply not possible for stock markets to perform their historically typical role of confidently looking forward and gauging the prospects of success for businesses. We had also been wondering for some time if the correction which followed the bursting Internet bubble in 2000 was less severe than such a heady and irrational bull market quite deserved. While we were perfectly content to enjoy strong absolute and relative returns for our funds from 2000 to 2007 (especially since we were relatively unscathed by much of the Internet mania), we also somewhat nervouslybelieved that many valuations throughout the market remained too high. It seemed to us that the decline which stretched from early 2000 through October 2002 for both small- and large-cap stocks, while undoubtedly unpleasant, was |
We have always taken our responsibility as risk managers very seriously. To therefore see so much panic-driven, indiscriminate selling has been very painful for us. To watch those stocks suffer as much as all the rest really tested our commitment to our approach. |
This page is not part of the 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 7 |
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Letter to Our Stockholders
relatively benign considering the excesses that history has previously demanded be wrung out of stock prices following a bubble. Yet we saw no
serious downturn in the equity markets until 2008, when it was accompanied by far-reaching crises on several other fronts. In retrospect, it
is no longer so shocking that investors panicked as they did, selling anything and everything without regard to company quality, valuation,
or long-term outlook.
When we select securities for our portfolios, we look for quality, for attributes that we believe will help a given company survive when times are bad and flourish when they are good. Characteristics such as a strong balance sheet and the ability to generate free cash flow indicate a business that is equipped with the necessary resources to withstand a downturn in its industry and/or a more widespread economic slowdown. Carrying little or no debt and having ample cash generally give a company the necessary resilience to make it through tough times. Our preference for cash-rich, low-leverage companies comes from years of ongoing research into which kinds of businesses endure and which ones wither. However, when investors began to flee equities in September, these tools of cautious risk management offered no bulwark against the stampede of liquidation that grew frighteningly intense in the first two weeks of October and lasted into November. The Audacity Of Hope Witnessing the punishment that was inflicted on the stock prices of what we regard as
well-run, high-quality businesses has been one of the worst parts of the downturn,
particularly as much of the sell-off was driven by the deleveraging activities of hedge
funds and other financial institutions covering shorts and dealing with fallout from the |
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mortgage crisis. We have always taken our responsibility as risk managers very seriously. To therefore see so much panic-driven, indiscriminate
selling has been very painful for us. To watch those stocks suffer as much as all the rest really tested our commitment to our approach. Each bear market is differentfor example, the current situation is more global in scope than the crisis in 1973-4, which was itself distinguished by stagflation, the oil embargo and the creation of the misery index. Common ground exists in that each period has been marked by controversial wars, the departure of an unpopular president and uncertainty about the future of the U.S. economy. What is perhaps most interesting is how our countrys eventual recovery from both the Great Depression and the recession of the Seventies may be fueling some tempered optimism about our current period. While there is definitely a lot of pessimism in the media and elsewhere about the economy, we also think there is a sense that, however difficult our challenges are in the months and years ahead, we are capable as a nation of meeting them and ultimately succeeding. We think that we may be approaching the worst phase of this very painful recession. Not anticipating same-store sales declines in the 20% range next year at this time, we believe that late in 2009 we may be seeing scattered signs of an economic comeback, one of which may be a stock market showing signs of a recovery. The current valuation picture lends some support to this idea. Overall valuations for smaller companies finished 2008 at levels not seen in nearly two decades. While shorter-term returns may continue to be lackluster, we believe that historical performance patterns for stocks should return to the market. This will be good news for two reasons: The first would be the very fact of positive movement in the markets again (and post-bear-market results have historically been robust); the second would be the stock market playing its traditional role of looking forward and seeing signs of an economy on the mend. Or at least that is our audacious hope. |
We believe that late in 2009 we may be seeing scattered signs of an economic comeback, one of which may be a stock market showing signs of a recovery. The current valuation picture lends some support to this idea. Overall valuations for smaller companies finished 2008 at levels not seen in nearly two decades. | ||||||
Sincerely, |
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Charles M. Royce | W. Whitney George | Jack E. Fockler, Jr. | |||||
President | Vice President | Vice President | |||||
January 31, 2008 |
This page is not part of the 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 9 |
We believe strongly in the idea that a long-term investment perspective is crucial for determining the success of a particular investment
approach. Flourishing in an up market is wonderful. Surviving a bear market by losing less (or not at all) is at least as good. However, the true
test of a portfolios mettle is performance over full market cycle periods, which include both up and down market periods. We believe that
providing full market cycle results is more appropriate even than showing three- to five-year standardized returns because the latter periods
may not include the up and down phases that constitute a full market cycle.
Since the Russell 2000s inception on 12/31/78, valueas measured by the Russell 2000 Value Indexoutperformed growthas measured
by the Russell 2000 Growth Indexin six of the small-cap indexs eight full market cycles. The most recently concluded cycle, which ran
from 3/9/00 through 7/13/07, was the longest in the indexs history, and represented what we believe was a return to more historically typical
performance in that value provided a significant advantage during its downturn (3/9/0010/9/02) and for the full cycle. In contrast, the new
market cycle that began on 7/13/07 has so far favored growth over value, an unsurprising development when one considers how thoroughly
value dominated growth in the previous full cycle.
Peak-to-Peak For the full cycle, value provided a sizeable margin over growth, which finished the period with a loss. Each of our closed-end funds held a sizeable performance advantage over the Russell 2000 on both an NAV (net asset value) and market price basis. On an NAV basis, Royce Focus Trust (+264.2%) was our best performer by a wide margin, followed by Royce Micro-Cap Trust (+175.9%) and Royce Value Trust (+161.3%). Peak-to-Current During the difficult, volatile period ended 12/31/08, both value and growth posted similarly negative returns. (While the Russell 2000 seemed to regain its footing after hitting a low in March, events in the financial markets preceding the September 30, 2008 quarter-end caused the index to decline significantly in the fourth quarter, dropping to a cyclical-year low on 11/20/08.) The index then recovered significantly, gaining 30.0% from 11/20/08 through 12/31/08. Each of our closed-end funds trailed the index during the decline, while both Royce Focus Trust and Royce Value Trust outperformed during the short rally from 11/20/08 through 12/31/08. |
ROYCE FUNDS NAV TOTAL RETURNS VS. RUSSELL 2000 INDEX:
MARKET CYCLE RESULTS |
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Peak-to-Peak 3/9/00-7/13/07 |
Peak-to-Trough 7/13/07-11/20/08 |
Trough-to-Current 11/20/08-12/31/08 |
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Russell 2000 | 54.9 | % | -54.1 | % | 30.0 | % | |||||
Russell 2000 Value | 189.5 | -53.8 | 31.3 | ||||||||
Russell 2000 Growth | -14.8 | -54.8 | 28.6 | ||||||||
Royce Value Trust | 161.3 | -62.8 | 35.9 | ||||||||
Royce Micro-Cap Trust | 175.9 | -61.6 | 28.0 | ||||||||
Royce Focus Trust | 264.2 | -62.7 | 42.3 | ||||||||
10 | This page is not part of the 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders |
Table of Contents |
Annual Report to Stockholders | ||||||||||
Managers Discussions of Fund Performance | ||||||||||
Royce Value Trust | 12 | |||||||||
Royce Micro-Cap Trust | 14 | |||||||||
Royce Focus Trust | 16 | |||||||||
History Since Inception | 18 | |||||||||
Distribution Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Options | 19 | |||||||||
Schedules of Investments and Other Financial Statements | ||||||||||
Royce Value Trust | 20 | |||||||||
Royce Micro-Cap Trust | 37 | |||||||||
Royce Focus Trust | 52 | |||||||||
Notes to Performance and Other Important Information | 62 | |||||||||
Directors and Officers | 64 |
Beginning with this Review and Report, the Funds Good Ideas That Worked and Good Ideas At The Time tables list each Funds top contributors and detractors to performance as measured by contribution to return, instead of net impact in U.S. dollars we have noted in the past. This figure more accurately represents the percentage, up or down, that a security contributed to the Funds total return for the period. |
2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 11 |
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AVERAGE ANNUAL NAV TOTAL RETURNS Through 12/31/08 |
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Fourth Quarter 2008* | -32.89 | % | ||||||||||
July-December 2008* | -38.43 | |||||||||||
One-Year | -45.62 | |||||||||||
Three-Year | -11.95 | |||||||||||
Five-Year | -2.12 | |||||||||||
10-Year | 4.82 | |||||||||||
15-Year | 7.52 | |||||||||||
20-Year | 9.24 | |||||||||||
Since Inception (11/26/86) | 8.95 | |||||||||||
* Not annualized | ||||||||||||
CALENDAR YEAR NAV TOTAL RETURNS | ||||||||||||
Year | RVT | Year | RVT | |||||||||
2008 | -45.6 | % | 1999 | 11.7 | % | |||||||
2007 | 5.0 | 1998 | 3.3 | |||||||||
2006 | 19.5 | 1997 | 27.5 | |||||||||
2005 | 8.4 | 1996 | 15.5 | |||||||||
2004 | 21.4 | 1995 | 21.6 | |||||||||
2003 | 40.8 | 1994 | 0.1 | |||||||||
2002 | -15.6 | 1993 | 17.3 | |||||||||
2001 | 15.2 | 1992 | 19.3 | |||||||||
2000 | 16.6 | 1991 | 38.4 | |||||||||
TOP 10 POSITIONS % of Net Assets Applicable to Common Stockholders |
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Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers | 2.0 | % | ||||||||||
Ash Grove Cement Cl. B | 1.8 | |||||||||||
Weyco Group | 1.7 | |||||||||||
Landauer | 1.4 | |||||||||||
SEACOR Holdings | 1.4 | |||||||||||
Adaptec | 1.4 | |||||||||||
Simpson Manufacturing | 1.3 | |||||||||||
AllianceBernstein Holding L.P. | 1.1 | |||||||||||
Forward Air | 1.1 | |||||||||||
ManTech International Cl. A | 1.1 | |||||||||||
PORTFOLIO SECTOR BREAKDOWN % of Net Assets Applicable to Common Stockholders |
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Industrial Products | 23.2 | % | ||||||||||
Technology | 21.0 | |||||||||||
Industrial Services | 19.0 | |||||||||||
Financial Intermediaries | 17.6 | |||||||||||
Financial Services | 13.9 | |||||||||||
Natural Resources | 8.8 | |||||||||||
Consumer Products | 8.1 | |||||||||||
Health | 7.4 | |||||||||||
Consumer Services | 4.4 | |||||||||||
Diversified Investment Companies | 0.6 | |||||||||||
Utilities | 0.4 | |||||||||||
Miscellaneous | 4.8 | |||||||||||
Preferred Stocks | 0.5 | |||||||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents | 6.8 | |||||||||||
Royce Value Trust
Managers Discussion Royce Value Trusts (RVT) diversified portfolio of small- and micro-cap stocks underperformed both of its benchmarks in 2008a very discouraging year. The Fund declined 45.6% on a net asset value (NAV) basis, and 48.3% on a market price basis, compared with losses of 33.8% for the Russell 2000 and 31.1% for the S&P SmallCap 600 for the same period. During the first half, RVT declined 11.7% on an NAV basis and 10.7% based on its market price, compared with respective losses of 9.4% and 7.1% for the Russell 2000 and S&P 600. RVT continued to underperform in the third quarter, down 8.3% on an NAV basis and down 12.6% based on market price, compared with declines of 1.1% for the Russell 2000 and 0.9% for the S&P 600. However, it was not until the fourth quarter that things turned truly awful: RVTs NAV fell 32.9% and its market price dropped 33.7% for that period, compared with the Russell 2000 and S&P 600, which posted losses of 26.1% and 25.2%, respectively. As a result of its recent negative performance, the Fund paid no management fee for the last three months of 2008, as its rolling 36-month return for each month-ending period was negative. The market cycle that began with the new small-cap peak in July 2007 has thus far been rough going. From 7/13/07 through 12/31/08, the Fund was down 49.4% on an NAV basis and fell 53.7% on a market price basis versus a loss of 40.4% for the Russell 2000 and 38.5% for the S&P 600. We did take a bit of consolation from the Funds performance in the dynamic, short-term rally that ended 2008. From the small-cap low on 11/20/08 through 12/31/08, the Russell 2000 climbed 30.0% and the S&P 600 rose 29.4% while RVT gained 35.9% on an NAV basis and 53.6% on a market price basis. |
|||||||||||||
We have always believed that performance over longer-term periods is the most
meaningful gauge of the portfolios merits. From the previous small-cap
market peak on 3/9/00 through 12/31/08, the Fund outperformed its benchmarks.
During this period, RVT gained 32.2% on an NAV basis and 43.8% on a market price
basis compared to a gain of 30.7% for the S&P 600 and a loss of 7.7% for
the Russell 2000. The Fund also outperformed both of its benchmarks on an NAV
basis for the 10-, 15-, 20-year and since inception (11/26/86) periods ended
12/31/08 and on a market price basis for the 20-year, and since inception intervals. All of the Funds equity sectors sustained sizeable net losses in 2008, with the most significant coming from Technology, Industrial Products, Financial Services and Financial Intermediaries. The Funds use of leverage also detracted from performance. Investors have been shying away from much of small-cap tech since before the word subprime became well known, a development that grew worse in the second half of 2008, as both the economy |
GOOD IDEAS THAT WORKED Top Contributors to 2008 Performance* |
||||||||||||
Weyco Group | 0.31% | ||||||||||||
Landauer | 0.27 | ||||||||||||
Schnitzer Steel Industries Cl. A | 0.21 | ||||||||||||
Charming Shoppes | 0.15 | ||||||||||||
Simpson Manufacturing | 0.14 | ||||||||||||
*Includes dividends | |||||||||||||
Important Performance and Risk Information
All performance information reflects past performance, is presented on a total return basis and reflects the reinvestment of distributions. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Current performance may be higher or lower than performance quoted. Returns as of the recent month-end may be obtained at www.roycefunds.com. The market price of the Funds shares will fluctuate, so that shares may be worth more or less than their original cost when sold. The Fund invests primarily in securities of small- and micro-cap companies, which may involve considerably more risk than investing in a more diversified portfolio of larger-cap companies. |
12 | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders
Performance and Portfolio Review and market worsened. Analog semiconductor maker Diodes struggled with a significant hit to earnings in the third quarter, a loss caused in large part by an acquisition. We continued to appreciate its conservative balance sheet and the potential for a rebound in its business, which at year end was mired in an epic slump. In the Industrial Products sector, notable losses came from the machinery industry, though holdings in the miscellaneous manufacturing category were also substantial detractors. Laser-based welding and cutting products maker Rofin-Sinar Technologies continues to be profitable, conservatively capitalized and, in our view, very well managed. Investors were inclined to disagree, so we built our position modestly in November. In the Health sector, biopharmaceutical services company PAREXEL International saw its share price suffer after revising guidance in October. A grim outlook for pharmaceutical research companies prompted the revision. The industry is dependent on spending by drugmakers, spending which has contracted severely in the recession. |
|||
Not
surprisingly, Financial Services was also a significant detractor, especially in
the investment management area and information and processing industry. The loss
leader in the sector was asset manager AllianceBernstein Holding, a company with
which we are very familiar. During the first half of 2008, its share price slipped
after the company revised its earnings guidance for fiscal 2007 early in 2008.
It then began to fall more precipitously in the wake of the cataclysmic developments
of September, such as the Lehman Brothers bankruptcy. In our estimate,
the firm remains very well-runearnings are positive (albeit lower than
many analysts were expecting), and it pays a dividend. We continue to have
faith in the long-term prospects for this and other financial companies with long
records of success. The year was troublesome for a long-time holding in the
Industrial Services sector, Sothebys. We have long admired its preeminent
position in the high-end auction market. However, recent earnings have been disappointing
and, considering that purchases of fine art are discretionary and easily postponed
in a difficult economy, we concluded 2008 pondering what our next move with the
stock might be. |
|||
GOOD IDEAS AT THE TIME |
|||
AllianceBernstein Holding L.P. | -1.13% | ||
Sothebys | -0.70 | ||
PAREXEL International | -0.63 | ||
ION Geophysical | -0.56 | ||
Diodes | -0.53 | ||
*Net of dividends | |||
1Reflects the cumulative total return of an investment made by
a stockholder who purchased one share at inception ($10.00 IPO), reinvested all
annual distributions as indicated and fully participated in primary subscriptions
of the Funds rights offerings. |
|||
2Reflects the actual market price of one
share as it traded on the NYSE. |
FUND INFORMATION AND PORTFOLIO DIAGNOSTICS |
|||||||
Average Market Capitalization* | $727 million | ||||||
Weighted Average P/E Ratio** | 11.4x | ||||||
Weighted Average P/B Ratio | 0.7x | ||||||
Weighted Average Portfolio Yield | 1.9% | ||||||
Fund Net Assets | $823 million | ||||||
Net Leverage | 30% | ||||||
Turnover Rate | 25% | ||||||
Symbol | |||||||
Market Price | RVT | ||||||
NAV | XRVTX | ||||||
* Geometrically calculated | |||||||
**The Funds P/E ratio calculation excludes companies with zero or negative earnings (13% of portfolio holdings as of 12/31/08). |
|||||||
Net leverage is the percentage, in excess of 100%, of the total value of equity type investments, divided by net assets, excluding preferred stock. |
|||||||
CAPITAL STRUCTURE Publicly Traded Securities Outstanding at 12/31/08 at NAV or Liquidation Value |
|||||||
64.4 million shares of Common Stock |
$603 million | ||||||
5.90% Cumulative Preferred Stock |
$220 million | ||||||
2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 13
|
||||||||||||
AVERAGE ANNUAL NAV TOTAL RETURNS Through 12/31/08 |
||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter 2008* | -33.68 | % | ||||||||||
July-December 2008* | -38.23 | |||||||||||
One-Year | -45.45 | |||||||||||
Three-Year | -12.40 | |||||||||||
Five-Year | -3.16 | |||||||||||
10-Year | 5.83 | |||||||||||
15-Year | 8.14 | |||||||||||
Since Inception (12/14/93) | 8.13 | |||||||||||
* Not annualized | ||||||||||||
CALENDAR YEAR NAV TOTAL RETURNS | ||||||||||||
Year | RMT | Year | RMT | |||||||||
2008 | -45.5 | % | 2000 | 10.9 | % | |||||||
2007 | 0.6 | 1999 | 12.7 | |||||||||
2006 | 22.5 | 1998 | -4.1 | |||||||||
2005 | 6.8 | 1997 | 27.1 | |||||||||
2004 | 18.7 | 1996 | 16.6 | |||||||||
2003 | 55.5 | 1995 | 22.9 | |||||||||
2002 | -13.8 | 1994 | 5.0 | |||||||||
2001 | 23.4 | |||||||||||
TOP 10 POSITIONS % of Net Assets Applicable to Common Stockholders |
||||||||||||
Seneca Foods | 2.2 | % | ||||||||||
Pegasystems | 1.9 | |||||||||||
Pason Systems | 1.4 | |||||||||||
AAON | 1.3 | |||||||||||
Sapient Corporation | 1.3 | |||||||||||
Fauquier Bankshares | 1.2 | |||||||||||
eResearch Technology | 1.2 | |||||||||||
Green Mountain Coffee Roasters | 1.2 | |||||||||||
Exactech | 1.1 | |||||||||||
Universal Truckload Services | 1.1 | |||||||||||
PORTFOLIO SECTOR BREAKDOWN % of Net Assets Applicable to Common Stockholders |
||||||||||||
Technology | 21.3 | % | ||||||||||
Industrial Products | 20.1 | |||||||||||
Industrial Services | 15.2 | |||||||||||
Financial Intermediaries | 13.2 | |||||||||||
Health | 13.1 | |||||||||||
Natural Resources | 10.9 | |||||||||||
Consumer Products | 8.7 | |||||||||||
Financial Services | 7.2 | |||||||||||
Consumer Services | 5.0 | |||||||||||
Diversified Investment Companies | 0.9 | |||||||||||
Miscellaneous | 5.0 | |||||||||||
Preferred Stock | 0.8 | |||||||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents | 13.9 | |||||||||||
Royce Micro-Cap Trust
Managers Discussion The performance of Royce Micro-Cap Trusts (RMT) diversified portfolio of micro-cap stocks was truly disappointing in 2008, especially as the Fund substantially underperformed its benchmark, the Russell 2000. RMT declined 45.5% on a net asset value (NAV) basis, and 45.8% on a market price basis in 2008, compared to a loss of 33.8% for the Russell 2000 and a loss of 39.8% for the Russell Microcap Index for the same period. During the first half, RMTs results were negative, but in the same ballpark as its benchmark; the Fund fell 11.7% on an NAV basis and 7.9% based on its market price, compared with a loss of 9.4% for the Russell 2000 and a decline of 15.5% for the Russell Microcap index. In the third quarter, RMTs performance continued to underwhelm. The Fund was down 6.9% on an NAV basis and down 13.0% on a market price basis compared to respective losses of 1.1% and 0.8% for the benchmark and the micro-cap index. Still, it was not until the fourth quarter that results turned downright dreadful: RMTs NAV fell 33.7% and its market price dropped 32.4% between September and December versus a 26.1% decline for the Russell 2000 and a 28.1% loss for the Russell Microcap index. Much of that price plummet came in October, when the Fund fell 24.1% and 22.3% based on NAV and market price, respectively. The market cycle that began with the new small-cap peak in July 2007 has so far been rough going. From the recent small-cap peak on 7/13/07 through 12/31/08, the Fund was down 50.8% on an NAV basis and fell 56.2% on a market price basis versus a loss of 40.4% for the Russell 2000. During this same period, the micro-cap index fell 47.8%. From the small-cap low on 11/20/08 through 12/31/08, the Russell 2000 climbed 30.0% and the Russell Microcap index gained 24.9%, while RMT was up 28.0% on an NAV basis and 49.9% on a market price basis. |
|||||||||||||
We have always believed that performance
over longer-term periods is the most meaningful gauge of the portfolios
merits. From the previous small-cap market peak on 3/9/00 through 12/31/08, the
Fund outperformed its benchmark. During this period, RMT gained 35.7% on an NAV
basis and 43.2% on a market price basis compared to a loss of 7.7% for the Russell
2000. (Data for the Russell Microcap index only goes back to 2002.) The Fund
also outperformed its benchmark on both an NAV and market price basis for the
10-year, 15-year and since inception (12/14/93) periods ended 12/31/08. All of the Funds equity sectors sustained net losses in 2008, with the most significant coming from Technology, followed by Industrial Products, Health, Natural Resources and |
GOOD IDEAS THAT WORKED Top Contributors to 2008 Performance* |
||||||||||||
Charming Shoppes | 0.32% | ||||||||||||
Trex Company | 0.27 | ||||||||||||
Weyco Group | 0.26 | ||||||||||||
Aceto Corporation | 0.18 | ||||||||||||
AAON | 0.17 | ||||||||||||
*Includes dividends | |||||||||||||
Important Performance and Risk Information
All performance information reflects past performance, is presented on a total return basis and reflects the reinvestment of distributions. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Current performance may be higher or lower than performance quoted. Returns as of the recent month-end may be obtained at www.roycefunds.com. The market price of the Funds shares will fluctuate, so that shares may be worth more or less than their original cost when sold. The Fund normally invests in micro-cap companies, which may involve considerably more risk than investing in a more diversified portfolio of larger-cap companies. |
14 | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders
Performance and Portfolio Review | ||||||
Industrial Services. The portfolios
use of leverage also exacerbated net losses.The Technology sector had been struggling
prior to the markets dramatic second-half fall, and the recession has only
made matters worse as businesses begin cutting back or cancelling plans for spending.
At the industry level within the sector, the most substantial net losses came from
semiconductor and equipment companies. The recession has only lengthened what was
already an uncommonly long and negative business cycle for this area of small- and
micro-cap tech. The unhappy result has been ongoing negative sentiment that showed
no signs of abating at the end of 2008. Similar recessionary woes plagued IT Services
holdings, where Sapient Corporation and Computer Task Group turned in large net
losses, as well as those in telecommunications and the components and systems industry.
Elsewhere at the industry level, substantial declines came from the medical products and devices, energy services, commercial services, banking, investment management, machinery, industrial components and miscellaneous manufacturing industries. Late in the year, we increased our stake in cleaning solutions and services business, Tennant Company. Its dynamic management, focus on environmentally friendly products and smart cost-cutting efforts all influenced our decision, as did its tumbling share price. The strong balance sheet and promising niche business of rubber and plastic goods maker Deswell Industries also led us to buy more shares as its stock price wilted. We chose to modestly build our position in Endeavour Financial. The firm was involved in two troubled industries in 2008Endeavour is a financial advisory company that specializes in helping smaller natural resources businesses across the globe. At the end of the year, we liked its management and its potential to rebound. Monaco Coach Corporation, a recreational vehicle manufacturer, was another disappointment, though we continued to hold the position that we built during the first half. Its stock was hurt by rising gas prices in the first half, and beaten down in the second as more consumers set aside big-ticket discretionary purchases. Net losses posted in the calendar third quarter preceded steep declines in its share price. |
||||||
GOOD IDEAS AT THE TIME
Top Detractors to 2008 Performance* |
||||||
Tennant Company | -0.77 | % | ||||
Endeavour Financial | -0.73 | |||||
Deswell Industries | -0.62 | |||||
Sapient Corporation | -0.60 | |||||
Computer Task Group | -0.54 | |||||
*Net of dividends | ||||||
1Reflects the cumulative total
return of an investment made by a stockholder who purchased one share at inception
($7.50 IPO), reinvested distributions as indicated and fully participated in the
primary subscription of the 1994 rights offering.
2Reflects the actual market price
of one share as it traded on the NYSE and, prior to 12/1/03, on Nasdaq. |
FUND INFORMATION AND PORTFOLIO DIAGNOSTICS |
||||||||||||||
Average Market Capitalization* | $203 million | |||||||||||||
Weighted Average P/E Ratio** | 10.6x | |||||||||||||
Weighted Average P/B Ratio | 0.9x | |||||||||||||
Weighted Average Portfolio Yield | 1.4% | |||||||||||||
Fund Net Assets | $230 million | |||||||||||||
Net Leverage | 21% | |||||||||||||
Turnover Rate | 42% | |||||||||||||
Symbol | ||||||||||||||
Market Price |
RMT | |||||||||||||
NAV |
XOTCX | |||||||||||||
**The Funds P/E ratio calculation excludes companies with
zero or negative earnings (23% of portfolio holdings as of
12/31/08). |
||||||||||||||
CAPITAL STRUCTURE Publicly Traded Securities Outstanding at 12/31/08 at NAV or Liquidation Value |
||||||||||||||
26.6 million shares of Common Stock | $170 million | |||||||||||||
6.00% Cumulative Preferred Stock | $60 million | |||||||||||||
2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 15
AVERAGE ANNUAL NAV TOTAL RETURNS
Through 12/31/08 |
|||||||||
Fourth Quarter 2008* | -30.46 | % | |||||||
July-December 2008* | -43.99 | ||||||||
One-Year | -42.71 | ||||||||
Three-Year | -9.36 | ||||||||
Five-Year | 1.83 | ||||||||
10-Year | 7.90 | ||||||||
Since Inception (11/1/96) | 7.86 | ||||||||
* Not annualized | |||||||||
CALENDAR YEAR NAV TOTAL RETURNS | |||||||||
Year | FUND | Year | FUND | ||||||
2008 | -42.7 | % | 2002 | -12.5 | % | ||||
2007 | 12.2 | 2001 | 10.0 | ||||||
2006 | 16.3 | 2000 | 20.9 | ||||||
2005 | 13.3 | 1999 | 8.7 | ||||||
2004 | 29.2 | 1998 | -6.8 | ||||||
2003 | 54.3 | 1997 | 20.5 | ||||||
TOP 10 POSITIONS
% of Net Assets Applicable to Common Stockholders |
|||||||||
Kennedy-Wilson Conv. | 7.9 | % | |||||||
Endo Pharmaceuticals Holdings | 3.9 | ||||||||
Pan American Silver | 3.7 | ||||||||
Sims Group ADR | 3.4 | ||||||||
Lincoln Electric Holdings | 3.3 | ||||||||
Knight Capital Group Cl. A | 3.1 | ||||||||
Alamos Gold | 2.9 | ||||||||
Unit Corporation | 2.9 | ||||||||
Ensign Energy Services | 2.9 | ||||||||
Schnitzer Steel Industries Cl. A | 2.8 | ||||||||
PORTFOLIO SECTOR BREAKDOWN
% of Net Assets Applicable to Common Stockholders |
|||||||||
Natural Resources | 26.9 | % | |||||||
Industrial Products | 25.0 | ||||||||
Consumer Products | 10.8 | ||||||||
Technology | 10.2 | ||||||||
Industrial Services | 9.3 | ||||||||
Health | 5.3 | ||||||||
Financial Intermediaries | 4.6 | ||||||||
Financial Services | 4.0 | ||||||||
Consumer Services | 1.5 | ||||||||
Preferred Stock | 7.9 | ||||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents | 21.5 | ||||||||
Royce Focus Trust | |||||
Managers Discussion Although our contrarian bent served Royce Focus Trust (FUND) very well in the first half of 2008, it failed to produce much of value in the years more tumultuous second half. For the calendar year, the Fund lost 42.7% on a net asset value (NAV) basis and 44.9% on a market price basis, in both cases well behind the 33.8% loss for its small-cap benchmark, the Russell 2000, during the same period. After beating the Russell 2000 and posting positive returns on both an NAV and market price basis between January and June, the Fund struggled mightily from July through the end of the year, a collapse initially spurred by losses in the Natural Resources and, to a lesser degree, Industrial Products sectors, the same areas that contributed most to first-half gains. FUND fell 19.5% on an NAV basis and 12.9% on a market price basis in the third quarter versus a loss of only 1.1% for its small-cap benchmark. As the bear market intensified in mid-September, the Fund continued to give way, losing 30.5% on an NAV basis and 37.7% on a market price basis in the fourth quarter, a period in which the Russell 2000 declined 26.1%. The Funds use of leverage also helped to detract from performance. Needless to say, the year was an enormous disappointment, especially as it followed five consecutive years of strong absolute calendar-year NAV returns. |
|||||
The market cycle that began with the new
small-cap peak in July 2007 has thus far not been kind. From 7/13/07 through 12/31/08,
the Fund was down 47.0% on an NAV basis and fell 49.2% on a market price basis versus
a loss of 40.4% for its small-cap benchmark. The only bright spot was the Funds
commanding outperformance of the Russell 2000 in the dynamic, short-term rally that
ended 2008. From the small-cap low on 11/20/08 through 12/31/08, the small-cap index
climbed 30.0% while FUND gained 42.3% on an NAV basis and 38.8% on a market price
basis. |
GOOD IDEAS THAT WORKED Top Contributors to 2008 Performance * |
||||
Alamos Gold | 0.85 | % | |||
Knight Capital Group Cl. A | 0.65 | ||||
Endo Pharmaceuticals Holdings | 0.62 | ||||
Sprott | 0.52 | ||||
Metal Management | 0.44 | ||||
*Includes dividends | |||||
We have always believed that performance over longer-term periods provides a more meaningful
gauge of the portfolios merits. From the previous small-cap market peak on
3/9/00 through 12/31/08, the Fund significantly bested its benchmark on both an
NAV and market price basis. During this period, FUND gained 93.2% on an NAV basis
and 123.1% on a market price basis compared to a loss of 7.7% for the Russell 2000.
The Fund also outpaced its benchmark for the five-year, 10-year and since inception
of our management (11/1/96) periods ended 12/31/08.
The Natural Resources sector was by far the most significant detractor to performance, with the energy services industry the loss leader. When oil prices began to tumble late in |
|||||
Important Performance and Risk Information
All performance information reflects past performance, is presented on a total return basis and reflects the reinvestment of distributions. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Current performance may be higher or lower than performance quoted. Returns as of the recent month-end may be obtained at www.roycefunds.com. The market price of the Funds shares will fluctuate, so that shares may be worth more or less than their original cost when sold. The Fund normally invests primarily in small-cap companies, which may involve considerably more risk than investing in a more diversified portfolio of larger-cap companies. |
16 | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders |
Performance and Portfolio Review | |||||
the summer, the deflation began to hurt the
performance of many of the Funds holdings in energy companies. While an unwelcome
development, we took the long view and acted to build or hold positions in those
companies that enjoyed our highest regard, as we believe that energy prices should
eventually recover. As the share prices of certain holdings plummeted to levels
that we deemed attractive, we began to buy. Major Drilling Group International is
an exploratory driller mostly for gold, copper and zinc. It has a strong balance
sheet and solid management, both of which should help it to survive ongoing slowdowns
in its business. We first purchased shares of Trican Well Service in 2004, attracted
to this Canadian firms strong balance sheet and profitable businesses of pressure
pump manufacture and oil well maintenance services. Our high opinion of its business
has not changed. Tesco Corporation makes top drives and conventional casing devices
for oil rigs and also owns a proprietary technology that allows rig operators to
drill more quickly and efficiently. Its low debt, positive earnings and strong niche
business made the decision to buy more a simple one. Unit Corporation, a contract
drilling company with its own oil and natural gas exploration business, was one
of the Funds top contributors during the first half as the company benefited
earlier in the year from increased production in both its oil and natural gas business.
Its stock price then plummeted with the rapid descent of oil prices. We modestly
increased our stake in October. Elsewhere in the sector, we held preferred stock
of real estate company Kennedy-Wilson, as we liked its coupon and the companys
aggressive buys of distressed real estate that we think could eventually increase
in value.
|
|||||
GOOD IDEAS AT THE TIME Top Detractors to 2008 Performance* |
We had a sterling long-term outlook for steel companies at
the end of 2008, prompting us to build positions in steel companies that endured
rough times in the second half of 2008, including Sims Group, Schnitzer Steel Industries
and Kennametal. Other old favorites in which we increased our respective stakes
included Endo Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Pan American Silver and Alamos Gold.
|
||||
Endeavour Financial | -2.67 | % | |||
Major Drilling Group International | -2.07 | ||||
Trican Well Service | -1.88 | ||||
Tesco Corporation | -1.83 | ||||
Kennedy-Wilson Conv. | -1.81 | ||||
*Net of dividends | |||||
1Royce & Associates assumed investment management responsibility
for the Fund on 11/1/96.
2Reflects the cumulative total return
experience of a continuous common stockholder who reinvested all distributions as
indicated and fully participated in the primary subscription of the 2005 rights
offering.
3Reflects the actual market price of one share as
it traded on Nasdaq.
|
FUND INFORMATION AND PORTFOLIO DIAGNOSTICS |
|||||||||||||||
Average Market Capitalization* | $794 million | ||||||||||||||
Weighted Average P/E Ratio** | 7.8x | ||||||||||||||
Weighted Average P/B Ratio | 1.3x | ||||||||||||||
Weighted Average Portfolio Yield | 1.9% | ||||||||||||||
Fund Net Assets | $118 million | ||||||||||||||
Net Leverage | 6% | ||||||||||||||
Turnover Rate | 51% | ||||||||||||||
Symbol | |||||||||||||||
Market Price |
FUND | ||||||||||||||
NAV |
XFUNX | ||||||||||||||
CAPITAL STRUCTURE Publicly Traded Securities Outstanding at 12/31/08 at NAV or Liquidation Value |
|||||||||||||||
19.5 million shares of Common Stock | $93 million | ||||||||||||||
6.00% Cumulative Preferred Stock | $25 million | ||||||||||||||
2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 17
History Since Inception | ||
Amount | Purchase | NAV | Market | ||||||||||||||
History | Invested | Price* | Shares | Value** | Value** | ||||||||||||
Royce Value Trust | |||||||||||||||||
11/26/86 | Initial Purchase | $ | 10,000 | $ | 10.000 | 1,000 | $ | 9,280 | $ | 10,000 | |||||||
10/15/87 | Distribution $0.30 | 7.000 | 42 | ||||||||||||||
12/31/87 | Distribution $0.22 | 7.125 | 32 | 8,578 | 7,250 | ||||||||||||
12/27/88 | Distribution $0.51 | 8.625 | 63 | 10,529 | 9,238 | ||||||||||||
9/22/89 | Rights Offering | 405 | 9.000 | 45 | |||||||||||||
12/29/89 | Distribution $0.52 | 9.125 | 67 | 12,942 | 11,866 | ||||||||||||
9/24/90 | Rights Offering | 457 | 7.375 | 62 | |||||||||||||
12/31/90 | Distribution $0.32 | 8.000 | 52 | 11,713 | 11,074 | ||||||||||||
9/23/91 | Rights Offering | 638 | 9.375 | 68 | |||||||||||||
12/31/91 | Distribution $0.61 | 10.625 | 82 | 17,919 | 15,697 | ||||||||||||
9/25/92 | Rights Offering | 825 | 11.000 | 75 | |||||||||||||
12/31/92 | Distribution $0.90 | 12.500 | 114 | 21,999 | 20,874 | ||||||||||||
9/27/93 | Rights Offering | 1,469 | 13.000 | 113 | |||||||||||||
12/31/93 | Distribution $1.15 | 13.000 | 160 | 26,603 | 25,428 | ||||||||||||
10/28/94 | Rights Offering | 1,103 | 11.250 | 98 | |||||||||||||
12/19/94 | Distribution $1.05 | 11.375 | 191 | 27,939 | 24,905 | ||||||||||||
11/3/95 | Rights Offering | 1,425 | 12.500 | 114 | |||||||||||||
12/7/95 | Distribution $1.29 | 12.125 | 253 | 35,676 | 31,243 | ||||||||||||
12/6/96 | Distribution $1.15 | 12.250 | 247 | 41,213 | 36,335 | ||||||||||||
1997 | Annual distribution total $1.21 | 15.374 | 230 | 52,556 | 46,814 | ||||||||||||
1998 | Annual distribution total $1.54 | 14.311 | 347 | 54,313 | 47,506 | ||||||||||||
1999 | Annual distribution total $1.37 | 12.616 | 391 | 60,653 | 50,239 | ||||||||||||
2000 | Annual distribution total $1.48 | 13.972 | 424 | 70,711 | 61,648 | ||||||||||||
2001 | Annual distribution total $1.49 | 15.072 | 437 | 81,478 | 73,994 | ||||||||||||
2002 | Annual distribution total $1.51 | 14.903 | 494 | 68,770 | 68,927 | ||||||||||||
1/28/03 | Rights Offering | 5,600 | 10.770 | 520 | |||||||||||||
2003 | Annual distribution total $1.30 | 14.582 | 516 | 106,216 | 107,339 | ||||||||||||
2004 | Annual distribution total $1.55 | 17.604 | 568 | 128,955 | 139,094 | ||||||||||||
2005 | Annual distribution total $1.61 | 18.739 | 604 | 139,808 | 148,773 | ||||||||||||
2006 | Annual distribution total $1.78 | 19.696 | 693 | 167,063 | 179,945 | ||||||||||||
2007 | Annual distribution total $1.85 | 19.687 | 787 | 175,469 | 165,158 | ||||||||||||
2008 | Annual distribution total $1.72 | 12.307 | 1,294 | ||||||||||||||
12/31/08 | $ | 21,922 | 10,183 | $ | 95,415 | $ | 85,435 | ||||||||||
Royce Micro-Cap Trust | |||||||||||||||||
12/14/93 | Initial Purchase | $ | 7,500 | $ | 7.500 | 1,000 | $ | 7,250 | $ | 7,500 | |||||||
10/28/94 | Rights Offering | 1,400 | 7.000 | 200 | |||||||||||||
12/19/94 | Distribution $0.05 | 6.750 | 9 | 9,163 | 8,462 | ||||||||||||
12/7/95 | Distribution $0.36 | 7.500 | 58 | 11,264 | 10,136 | ||||||||||||
12/6/96 | Distribution $0.80 | 7.625 | 133 | 13,132 | 11,550 | ||||||||||||
12/5/97 | Distribution $1.00 | 10.000 | 140 | 16,694 | 15,593 | ||||||||||||
12/7/98 | Distribution $0.29 | 8.625 | 52 | 16,016 | 14,129 | ||||||||||||
12/6/99 | Distribution $0.27 | 8.781 | 49 | 18,051 | 14,769 | ||||||||||||
12/6/00 | Distribution $1.72 | 8.469 | 333 | 20,016 | 17,026 | ||||||||||||
12/6/01 | Distribution $0.57 | 9.880 | 114 | 24,701 | 21,924 | ||||||||||||
2002 | Annual distribution total $0.80 | 9.518 | 180 | 21,297 | 19,142 | ||||||||||||
2003 | Annual distribution total $0.92 | 10.004 | 217 | 33,125 | 31,311 | ||||||||||||
2004 | Annual distribution total $1.33 | 13.350 | 257 | 39,320 | 41,788 | ||||||||||||
2005 | Annual distribution total $1.85 | 13.848 | 383 | 41,969 | 45,500 | ||||||||||||
2006 | Annual distribution total $1.55 | 14.246 | 354 | 51,385 | 57,647 | ||||||||||||
2007 | Annual distribution total $1.35 | 13.584 | 357 | 51,709 | 45,802 | ||||||||||||
2008 | Annual distribution total $1.19 | 8.237 | 578 | ||||||||||||||
12/31/08 | $ | 8,900 | 4,414 | $ | 28,205 | $ | 24,807 | ||||||||||
Royce Focus Trust | |||||||||||||||||
10/31/96 | Initial Purchase | $ | 4,375 | $ | 4.375 | 1,000 | $ | 5,280 | $ | 4,375 | |||||||
12/31/96 | 5,520 | 4,594 | |||||||||||||||
12/5/97 | Distribution $0.53 | 5.250 | 101 | 6,650 | 5,574 | ||||||||||||
12/31/98 | 6,199 | 5,367 | |||||||||||||||
12/6/99 | Distribution $0.145 | 4.750 | 34 | 6,742 | 5,356 | ||||||||||||
12/6/00 | Distribution $0.34 | 5.563 | 69 | 8,151 | 6,848 | ||||||||||||
12/6/01 | Distribution $0.14 | 6.010 | 28 | 8,969 | 8,193 | ||||||||||||
12/6/02 | Distribution $0.09 | 5.640 | 19 | 7,844 | 6,956 | ||||||||||||
12/8/03 | Distribution $0.62 | 8.250 | 94 | 12,105 | 11,406 | ||||||||||||
2004 | Annual distribution total $1.74 | 9.325 | 259 | 15,639 | 16,794 | ||||||||||||
5/6/05 | Rights offering | 2,669 | 8.340 | 320 | |||||||||||||
2005 | Annual distribution total $1.21 | 9.470 | 249 | 21,208 | 20,709 | ||||||||||||
2006 | Annual distribution total $1.57 | 9.860 | 357 | 24,668 | 27,020 | ||||||||||||
2007 | Annual distribution total $2.01 | 9.159 | 573 | 27,679 | 27,834 | ||||||||||||
2008 | Annual distribution total $0.47 | 6.535 | 228 | ||||||||||||||
12/31/08 | $ | 7,044 | 3,331 | $ | 15,856 | $ | 15,323 | ||||||||||
18 | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders
Distribution Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Options | ||
Why should I reinvest my distributions? |
By reinvesting
distributions, a stockholder can maintain an undiluted investment in the Fund. The
regular reinvestment of distributions has a significant impact on stockholder returns.
In contrast, the stockholder who takes distributions in cash is penalized when shares
are issued below net asset value to other stockholders. |
How does the reinvestment of distributions from the Royce closed-end funds work? |
The Funds
automatically issue shares in payment of distributions unless you indicate otherwise.
The shares are generally issued at the lower of the market price or net asset value
on the valuation date. |
How does this apply to registered stockholders? |
If your shares
are registered directly with a Fund, your distributions are automatically reinvested
unless you have otherwise instructed the Funds transfer agent, Computershare,
in writing. A registered stockholder also has the option to receive the distribution
in the form of a stock certificate or in cash if Computershare is properly notified. |
What if my shares are held by a brokerage firm or a bank? |
If your shares
are held by a brokerage firm, bank, or other intermediary as the stockholder of
record, you should contact your brokerage firm or bank to be certain that it is
automatically reinvesting distributions on your behalf. If they are unable to reinvest
distributions on your behalf, you should have your shares registered in your name
in order to participate. |
What other features are available for registered stockholders? |
The Distribution
Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Plans also allow registered stockholders to make
optional cash purchases of shares of a Funds common stock directly through
Computershare on a monthly basis, and to deposit certificates representing your
Fund shares with Computershare for safekeeping. The Funds investment adviser
is absorbing all commissions on optional cash purchases under the Plans through
December 31, 2009. |
How do the Plans work for registered stockholders? |
Computershare
maintains the accounts for registered stockholders in the Plans and sends written
confirmation of all transactions in the account. Shares in the account of each participant
will be held by Computershare in non-certificated form in the name of the participant,
and each participant will be able to vote those shares at a stockholder meeting
or by proxy. A participant may also send other stock certificates held by them to
Computershare to be held in non-certificated form. There is no service fee charged
to participants for reinvesting distributions. If a participant elects to sell shares
from a Plan account, Computershare will deduct a $2.50 fee plus brokerage commissions
from the sale transaction. If a nominee is the registered owner of your shares,
the nominee will maintain the accounts on your behalf. |
How can I get more information on the Plans? |
You can call
an Investor Services Representative at (800) 221-4268 or you can request a copy
of the Plan for your Fund from Computershare. All correspondence (including notifications)
should be directed to: [Name of Fund] Distribution Reinvestment and Cash Purchase
Plan, c/o Computershare, PO Box 43010, Providence, RI 02940-3010, telephone (800)
426-5523. |
2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 19
Royce Value Trust |
Schedule of Investments |
SHARES | VALUE | |||||
COMMON STOCKS 129.2% |
||||||
Consumer Products 8.1% |
||||||
Apparel, Shoes and Accessories - 2.7% |
||||||
Columbia Sportswear |
34,600 | $ | 1,223,802 | |||
605,560 | 2,210,294 | |||||
K-Swiss Cl. A |
160,000 | 1,824,000 | ||||
Lazare Kaplan International b |
103,600 | 432,012 | ||||
Timberland Company (The) Cl. A b |
17,500 | 202,125 | ||||
Weyco Group |
307,992 | 10,179,136 | ||||
16,071,369 | ||||||
Collectibles - 0.3% |
||||||
Leapfrog Enterprises Cl. A b |
175,000 | 612,500 | ||||
Russ Berrie & Company b |
417,000 | 1,238,490 | ||||
1,850,990 | ||||||
Consumer Electronics - 1.0% |
||||||
Dolby Laboratories Cl. A b |
153,900 | 5,041,764 | ||||
DTS b |
64,100 | 1,176,235 | ||||
6,217,999 | ||||||
Food/Beverage/Tobacco - 0.8% |
||||||
B&G Foods (Units) |
120,100 | 1,243,035 | ||||
B&G Foods Cl. A |
51,300 | 277,020 | ||||
Hershey Creamery |
709 | 1,293,925 | ||||
Seneca Foods Cl. A b |
80,000 | 1,672,800 | ||||
13,251 | 318,024 | |||||
4,804,804 | ||||||
Health, Beauty and Nutrition - 0.0% |
||||||
Nutraceutical International b |
22,800 | 175,332 | ||||
Home Furnishing and Appliances - 2.1% |
||||||
Aaron Rents |
4,500 | 119,790 | ||||
American Woodmark |
123,335 | 2,248,397 | ||||
Ekornes |
100,000 | 967,349 | ||||
Ethan Allen Interiors |
65,800 | 945,546 | ||||
Hunter Douglas |
36,000 | 1,184,229 | ||||
Kimball International Cl. B |
286,180 | 2,464,010 | ||||
La-Z-Boy |
68,200 | 147,994 | ||||
102,200 | 4,391,534 | |||||
Universal Electronics b |
10,000 | 162,200 | ||||
12,631,049 | ||||||
Sports and Recreation - 1.2% |
||||||
Beneteau |
108,000 | 1,021,812 | ||||
47,700 | 87,768 | |||||
RC2 Corporation b |
132,600 | 1,414,842 | ||||
Sturm, Ruger & Company b |
272,900 | 1,629,213 | ||||
Thor Industries |
110,900 | 1,461,662 | ||||
Winnebago Industries |
247,500 | 1,492,425 | ||||
7,107,722 | ||||||
Total (Cost $57,257,786) |
48,859,265 | |||||
Consumer Services 4.4% |
||||||
Direct Marketing - 0.4% |
||||||
Manutan International |
20,500 | 885,588 | ||||
Takkt |
153,000 | 1,713,289 | ||||
2,598,877 | ||||||
SHARES | VALUE | |||||
Consumer Services (continued) |
||||||
Leisure and Entertainment - 0.0% |
||||||
2,500 | $ | 80,900 | ||||
Shuffle Master b |
15,000 | 74,400 | ||||
155,300 | ||||||
Media and Broadcasting - 0.1% |
||||||
1,830 | 39,967 | |||||
Cox Radio Cl. A b |
23,000 | 138,230 | ||||
18,300 | 273,951 | |||||
18,300 | 245,037 | |||||
697,185 | ||||||
Online Commerce - 0.0% |
||||||
CryptoLogic |
200 | 458 | ||||
Restaurants and Lodgings - 1.0% |
||||||
Benihana b |
3,300 | 6,930 | ||||
CEC Entertainment b |
116,000 | 2,813,000 | ||||
Steak n Shake b |
198,000 | 1,178,100 | ||||
Tim Hortons |
65,000 | 1,874,600 | ||||
5,872,630 | ||||||
Retail Stores - 2.9% |
||||||
AnnTaylor Stores b |
50,000 | 288,500 | ||||
Bulgari |
250,000 | 1,560,870 | ||||
160,000 | 1,260,800 | |||||
922,800 | 2,251,632 | |||||
Childrens Place Retail Stores b |
13,670 | 296,366 | ||||
Dress Barn (The) b |
287,280 | 3,085,387 | ||||
Gander Mountain b |
53,300 | 124,189 | ||||
Lewis Group |
385,000 | 2,011,032 | ||||
Pier 1 Imports b |
626,200 | 231,694 | ||||
Stein Mart b |
182,800 | 206,564 | ||||
Tiffany & Co. |
208,700 | 4,931,581 | ||||
West Marine b |
131,100 | 555,864 | ||||
Wet Seal (The) Cl. A b |
162,000 | 481,140 | ||||
17,285,619 | ||||||
Total (Cost $42,861,293) |
26,610,069 | |||||
Diversified Investment Companies 0.6% |
||||||
Closed-End Funds - 0.6% |
||||||
Central Fund of Canada Cl. A |
211,500 | 2,373,030 | ||||
KKR Private Equity Investors L.P. b |
105,000 | 370,047 | ||||
Kohlberg Capital |
209,884 | 763,978 | ||||
Total (Cost $7,042,067) |
3,507,055 | |||||
Financial Intermediaries 17.6% |
||||||
Banking - 6.3% |
||||||
Abigail Adams National Bancorp |
160,500 | 402,855 | ||||
Ameriana Bancorp |
40,000 | 223,200 | ||||
Banca Finnat Euramerica |
720,000 | 511,213 | ||||
Bank of N.T. Butterfield & Son |
450,175 | 4,704,329 | ||||
Bank Sarasin & Cie Cl. B |
24,860 | 742,656 | ||||
Banque Privee Edmond de Rothschild |
23 | 574,634 | ||||
BB Holdings b |
289,400 | 772,853 | ||||
BOK Financial |
74,827 | 3,023,011 | ||||
Boston Private Financial Holdings |
203,000 | 1,388,520 | ||||
Cadence Financial |
40,300 | 187,798 |
20 | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. |
December 31, 2008 |
|
SHARES | VALUE | |||||
Financial Intermediaries (continued) |
||||||
Banking (continued) |
||||||
Center Bancorp |
66,811 | $ | 546,514 | |||
Centrue Financial |
82,200 | 507,174 | ||||
CFS Bancorp |
265,000 | 1,033,500 | ||||
CNB Financial |
11,116 | 112,827 | ||||
25,000 | 51,750 | |||||
Commercial National Financial |
54,900 | 796,599 | ||||
Farmers & Merchants Bank of Long Beach |
1,200 | 4,596,000 | ||||
Fauquier Bankshares |
160,800 | 2,050,200 | ||||
Hawthorn Bancshares |
44,400 | 765,456 | ||||
Heritage Financial |
20,615 | 252,534 | ||||
HopFed Bancorp |
104,500 | 1,149,500 | ||||
Jefferson Bancshares |
32,226 | 261,353 | ||||
Kearny Financial |
60,862 | 779,034 | ||||
Mechanics Bank (The) |
200 | 2,500,000 | ||||
Nexity Financial b |
109,999 | 71,499 | ||||
Old Point Financial |
25,000 | 478,250 | ||||
Peapack-Gladstone Financial |
10,000 | 266,400 | ||||
179,310 | 35,862 | |||||
Timberland Bancorp a |
469,200 | 3,495,540 | ||||
Tompkins Financial |
9,645 | 558,928 | ||||
Vontobel Holding |
20,400 | 428,605 | ||||
W Holding Company |
18,708 | 192,692 | ||||
Whitney Holding |
41,500 | 663,585 | ||||
Wilber Corporation (The) |
105,900 | 736,005 | ||||
Wilmington Trust |
143,500 | 3,191,440 | ||||
Yadkin Valley Financial |
3,800 | 54,150 | ||||
38,106,466 | ||||||
Insurance - 7.2% |
||||||
Alleghany Corporation b |
22,644 | 6,385,608 | ||||
Argo Group International Holdings b |
64,751 | 2,196,354 | ||||
Aspen Insurance Holdings |
64,000 | 1,552,000 | ||||
CNA Surety b |
130,600 | 2,507,520 | ||||
Enstar Group b |
26,000 | 1,537,640 | ||||
Erie Indemnity Cl. A |
114,500 | 4,308,635 | ||||
First American |
20,000 | 577,800 | ||||
Greenlight Capital Re Cl. A b |
131,100 | 1,702,989 | ||||
415,400 | 4,045,996 | |||||
Independence Holding |
317,658 | 1,146,745 | ||||
IPC Holdings |
27,000 | 807,300 | ||||
LandAmerica Financial Group c |
10,000 | 750 | ||||
Leucadia National b |
54,940 | 1,087,812 | ||||
Montpelier Re Holdings |
66,000 | 1,108,140 | ||||
NYMAGIC |
232,200 | 4,423,410 | ||||
Old Republic International |
20,000 | 238,400 | ||||
ProAssurance Corporation b |
8,070 | 425,935 | ||||
RLI |
99,724 | 6,099,120 | ||||
Stewart Information Services |
100,000 | 2,349,000 | ||||
Wesco Financial |
3,750 | 1,079,625 | ||||
43,580,779 | ||||||
Real Estate Investment Trusts - 0.0% |
||||||
Gladstone Commercial |
34,700 | 294,950 | ||||
Securities Brokers - 3.7% |
||||||
200,100 | 594,297 |
SHARES | VALUE | |||||
Financial Intermediaries (continued) |
||||||
Securities Brokers (continued) |
||||||
Close Brothers Group |
43,000 | $ | 329,783 | |||
Cowen Group b |
32,000 | 199,680 | ||||
D. Carnegie & Co. d |
14,000 | 0 | ||||
DundeeWealth |
33,300 | 158,610 | ||||
75,000 | 86,250 | |||||
Egyptian Financial Group-Hermes Holding GDR |
57,900 | 347,400 | ||||
Evercore Partners Cl. A |
308,500 | 3,853,165 | ||||
HQ |
44,000 | 333,178 | ||||
Interactive Brokers Group Cl. A b |
26,850 | 480,346 | ||||
Investcorp Bank GDR |
27,000 | 81,000 | ||||
Investment Technology Group b |
30,400 | 690,688 | ||||
70,058 | 1,611,334 | |||||
LaBranche & Co b |
137,000 | 656,230 | ||||
Lazard Cl. A |
203,900 | 6,063,986 | ||||
145,500 | 296,820 | |||||
Oppenheimer Holdings Cl. A |
30,000 | 386,400 | ||||
optionsXpress Holdings |
53,000 | 708,080 | ||||
Phatra Securities |
775,000 | 268,952 | ||||
Piper Jaffray b |
105,700 | 4,202,632 | ||||
Shinko Securities |
492,300 | 1,078,814 | ||||
22,427,645 | ||||||
Securities Exchanges - 0.1% |
||||||
MarketAxess Holdings b |
67,000 | 546,720 | ||||
Other Financial Intermediaries - 0.3% |
||||||
KKR Financial Holdings |
481,404 | 760,618 | ||||
NASDAQ OMX Group b |
30,000 | 741,300 | ||||
1,501,918 | ||||||
Total (Cost $142,821,113) |
106,458,478 | |||||
Financial Services 13.9% |
||||||
Diversified Financial Services - 0.9% |
||||||
18,870 | 144,167 | |||||
Discover Financial Services |
10,000 | 95,300 | ||||
88,000 | 633,600 | |||||
Municipal Mortgage & Equity c |
40,300 | 10,881 | ||||
173,600 | 1,593,648 | |||||
133,700 | 2,641,912 | |||||
5,119,508 | ||||||
Information and Processing - 2.4% |
||||||
Broadridge Financial Solutions |
30,000 | 376,200 | ||||
Interactive Data |
134,300 | 3,311,838 | ||||
MoneyGram International b |
428,500 | 432,785 | ||||
119,800 | 4,252,900 | |||||
MSCI Cl. A b |
67,100 | 1,191,696 | ||||
Paychex |
10,000 | 262,800 | ||||
PRG-Schultz International b |
14,420 | 58,834 | ||||
SEI Investments |
286,800 | 4,505,628 | ||||
14,392,681 | ||||||
Insurance Brokers - 1.8% |
||||||
Brown & Brown |
183,700 | 3,839,330 | ||||
Crawford & Company Cl. A b |
289,200 | 1,949,208 | ||||
162,300 | 2,359,842 |
THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 21 |
Royce Value Trust |
Schedule of Investments |
SHARES | VALUE | |||||
Financial Services (continued) |
||||||
Insurance Brokers (continued) |
||||||
Gallagher (Arthur J.) & Co. |
111,200 | $ | 2,881,192 | |||
11,029,572 | ||||||
Investment Management - 7.3% |
||||||
A.F.P. Provida ADR |
22,100 | 301,444 | ||||
Affiliated Managers Group b |
56,300 | 2,360,096 | ||||
AllianceBernstein Holding L.P. |
333,100 | 6,925,149 | ||||
AP Alternative Assets L.P. |
233,200 | 280,436 | ||||
Ashmore Group |
170,000 | 327,618 | ||||
Australian Wealth Management |
505,000 | 390,814 | ||||
Azimut Holding |
76,700 | 413,131 | ||||
BKF Capital Group |
227,050 | 181,640 | ||||
Calamos Asset Management Cl. A |
45,000 | 333,000 | ||||
CapMan Cl. B |
632,000 | 842,051 | ||||
Coronation Fund Managers |
526,000 | 265,200 | ||||
Deutsche Beteiligungs |
103,605 | 1,785,546 | ||||
Eaton Vance |
172,800 | 3,630,528 | ||||
Endeavour Financial |
150,000 | 207,776 | ||||
Equity Trustees |
33,202 | 305,559 | ||||
F&C Asset Management |
60,000 | 50,415 | ||||
Federated Investors Cl. B |
245,700 | 4,167,072 | ||||
Fiducian Portfolio Services |
227,000 | 200,996 | ||||
GAMCO Investors Cl. A |
125,075 | 3,417,049 | ||||
GIMV |
27,000 | 1,169,684 | ||||
GP Investments BDR b |
15,000 | 35,636 | ||||
JAFCO |
37,300 | 953,536 | ||||
MVC Capital |
424,200 | 4,653,474 | ||||
New Star Asset Management Group |
126,500 | 3,478 | ||||
Onex Corporation |
50,000 | 736,735 | ||||
Perpetual |
12,700 | 331,153 | ||||
Pzena Investment Management Cl. A c |
238,700 | 1,007,314 | ||||
Rathbone Brothers |
35,400 | 426,588 | ||||
RHJ International b |
177,500 | 868,720 | ||||
Schroders |
168,890 | 2,109,088 | ||||
SHUAA Capital |
485,000 | 132,043 | ||||
SPARX Group |
7,220 | 1,107,263 | ||||
Tasmanian Perpetual Trustees |
152,000 | 302,027 | ||||
Trust Company |
97,283 | 329,129 | ||||
Value Partners Group |
715,000 | 229,953 | ||||
Waddell & Reed Financial Cl. A |
200,000 | 3,092,000 | ||||
43,873,341 | ||||||
Special Purpose Acquisition Corporation - 0.6% |
||||||
Alternative Asset Management Acquisition (Units) b |
250,000 | 2,282,500 | ||||
Cockleshell b |
337,644 | 259,714 | ||||
Prospect Acquisition (Units) b |
150,000 | 1,336,500 | ||||
3,878,714 | ||||||
Specialty Finance - 0.9% |
||||||
214,601 | 2,940,034 | |||||
MCG Capital |
157,715 | 111,977 | ||||
NGP Capital Resources |
50,000 | 418,500 | ||||
Portfolio Recovery Associates b |
62,100 | 2,101,464 | ||||
5,571,975 | ||||||
Total (Cost $135,295,877) |
83,865,791 | |||||
SHARES | VALUE | |||||
Health 7.4% |
||||||
Commercial Services - 0.6% |
||||||
PAREXEL International b |
384,400 | $ | 3,732,524 | |||
Drugs and Biotech - 1.8% |
||||||
Affymetrix b |
10,000 | 29,900 | ||||
19,000 | 129,010 | |||||
Biovail Corporation |
41,200 | 389,340 | ||||
5,000 | 27,850 | |||||
Endo Pharmaceuticals Holdings b |
191,800 | 4,963,784 | ||||
90,000 | 190,800 | |||||
51,500 | 148,320 | |||||
Medicines Company (The) b |
20,000 | 294,600 | ||||
52,200 | 516,258 | |||||
Myriad Genetics b |
50,000 | 3,313,000 | ||||
117,980 | 56,630 | |||||
Pharmacyclics b |
383,000 | 302,570 | ||||
QLT b |
114,070 | 274,909 | ||||
53,200 | 73,416 | |||||
552,000 | 182,160 | |||||
31,700 | 95,100 | |||||
10,987,647 | ||||||
Health Services - 1.9% |
||||||
120,000 | 2,676,000 | |||||
Albany Molecular Research b |
85,000 | 827,900 | ||||
Chem Rx (Units) b |
280,000 | 182,000 | ||||
Cross Country Healthcare b |
30,000 | 263,700 | ||||
Gentiva Health Services b |
30,150 | 882,189 | ||||
HMS Holdings b |
50,000 | 1,576,000 | ||||
Lincare Holdings b |
52,562 | 1,415,495 | ||||
MedQuist |
73,893 | 151,480 | ||||
On Assignment b |
375,400 | 2,128,518 | ||||
10,000 | 9,100 | |||||
Res-Care b |
65,460 | 983,209 | ||||
5,000 | 64,300 | |||||
11,159,891 | ||||||
Medical Products and Devices - 3.1% |
||||||
Allied Healthcare Products b |
180,512 | 525,290 | ||||
Atrion Corporation |
15,750 | 1,529,325 | ||||
Bruker Corporation b |
370,200 | 1,495,608 | ||||
CONMED Corporation b |
81,500 | 1,951,110 | ||||
Fielmann |
25,000 | 1,627,441 | ||||
Golden Meditech b |
200,000 | 27,180 | ||||
164,600 | 5,938,768 | |||||
STERIS Corporation |
98,600 | 2,355,554 | ||||
Straumann Holding |
6,700 | 1,180,137 | ||||
445,500 | 245,025 | |||||
Young Innovations |
62,550 | 963,270 | ||||
Zoll Medical b |
40,400 | 763,156 | ||||
18,601,864 | ||||||
Total (Cost $45,073,135) |
44,481,926 | |||||
Industrial Products 23.2% |
||||||
Automotive - 2.1% |
||||||
Copart b |
153,100 | 4,162,789 | ||||
Fuel Systems Solutions b |
22,500 | 737,100 | ||||
International Textile Group b |
85,000 | 3,400 |
22 | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. |
December 31, 2008 |
|
SHARES | VALUE | |||||
Industrial Products (continued) |
||||||
Automotive (continued) |
||||||
375,000 | $ | 4,372,500 | ||||
Nokian Renkaat |
82,000 | 919,362 | ||||
53,400 | 85,440 | |||||
Superior Industries International |
98,400 | 1,035,168 | ||||
WABCO Holdings |
98,800 | 1,560,052 | ||||
29,600 | 116,032 | |||||
12,991,843 | ||||||
Building Systems and Components - 2.4% |
||||||
Armstrong World Industries |
71,000 | 1,535,020 | ||||
Decker Manufacturing |
6,022 | 111,407 | ||||
Heywood Williams Group b |
958,837 | 56,935 | ||||
NCI Building Systems b |
13,900 | 226,570 | ||||
Preformed Line Products |
91,600 | 4,217,264 | ||||
Simpson Manufacturing |
283,400 | 7,867,184 | ||||
Somfy |
3,000 | 476,762 | ||||
14,491,142 | ||||||
Construction Materials - 2.3% |
||||||
Ash Grove Cement Cl. B |
50,518 | 10,608,780 | ||||
25,000 | 432,500 | |||||
Pretoria Portland Cement |
287,240 | 979,717 | ||||
United Rentals b |
144,943 | 1,321,880 | ||||
USG Corporation b |
50,000 | 402,000 | ||||
13,744,877 | ||||||
Industrial Components - 2.2% |
||||||
CLARCOR |
113,500 | 3,765,930 | ||||
Donaldson Company |
92,800 | 3,122,720 | ||||
GrafTech International b |
64,790 | 539,053 | ||||
II-VI b |
13,500 | 257,715 | ||||
Mueller Water Products Cl. A |
72,500 | 609,000 | ||||
PerkinElmer |
185,800 | 2,584,478 | ||||
Powell Industries b |
92,400 | 2,681,448 | ||||
13,560,344 | ||||||
Machinery - 5.3% |
||||||
Astec Industries b |
25,000 | 783,250 | ||||
Baldor Electric |
62,900 | 1,122,765 | ||||
Burnham Holdings Cl. A |
117,964 | 996,796 | ||||
Burnham Holdings Cl. B |
36,000 | 304,200 | ||||
Franklin Electric |
104,600 | 2,940,306 | ||||
Hardinge |
26,193 | 106,082 | ||||
Intermec b |
23,000 | 305,440 | ||||
Jinpan International |
15,500 | 224,905 | ||||
Lincoln Electric Holdings |
117,180 | 5,967,977 | ||||
Manitou BF |
121,500 | 1,379,081 | ||||
Nordson Corporation |
162,200 | 5,237,438 | ||||
OSG Corporation |
20,000 | 170,525 | ||||
Rofin-Sinar Technologies b |
286,000 | 5,885,880 | ||||
Takatori Corporation |
40,000 | 105,874 | ||||
Williams Controls b |
37,499 | 272,993 | ||||
Woodward Governor |
274,600 | 6,321,292 | ||||
32,124,804 | ||||||
Metal Fabrication and Distribution - 2.3% |
||||||
Central Steel & Wire |
6,062 | 3,515,960 | ||||
Commercial Metals |
36,600 | 434,442 |
SHARES | VALUE | |||||
Industrial Products (continued) |
||||||
Metal Fabrication and Distribution (continued) |
||||||
CompX International Cl. A |
185,300 | $ | 978,384 | |||
23,200 | 122,264 | |||||
Gerdau Ameristeel |
61,100 | 370,266 | ||||
NN |
197,100 | 451,359 | ||||
45,000 | 912,600 | |||||
Reliance Steel & Aluminum |
25,920 | 516,845 | ||||
Schnitzer Steel Industries Cl. A |
100,000 | 3,765,000 | ||||
Sims Group ADR |
238,175 | 2,958,133 | ||||
14,025,253 | ||||||
Miscellaneous Manufacturing - 2.9% |
||||||
Barnes Group |
20,000 | 290,000 | ||||
Brady Corporation Cl. A |
168,400 | 4,033,180 | ||||
20,000 | 90,000 | |||||
Matthews International Cl. A |
50,000 | 1,834,000 | ||||
Mettler-Toledo International b |
28,700 | 1,934,380 | ||||
PMFG b |
383,200 | 3,663,392 | ||||
Rational |
15,000 | 1,779,635 | ||||
Raven Industries |
86,200 | 2,077,420 | ||||
Semperit AG Holding |
44,500 | 733,184 | ||||
Synalloy Corporation |
198,800 | 954,240 | ||||
17,389,431 | ||||||
Paper and Packaging - 0.3% |
||||||
Mayr-Melnhof Karton |
28,000 | 1,980,324 | ||||
Pumps, Valves and Bearings - 1.2% |
||||||
Graco |
143,625 | 3,408,221 | ||||
IDEX Corporation |
54,000 | 1,304,100 | ||||
Pfeiffer Vacuum Technology |
34,595 | 2,290,727 | ||||
7,003,048 | ||||||
Specialty Chemicals and Materials - 1.9% |
||||||
Aceto Corporation |
261,910 | 2,621,719 | ||||
American Vanguard |
26,666 | 311,992 | ||||
Cabot Corporation |
191,000 | 2,922,300 | ||||
Hawkins |
206,878 | 3,163,165 | ||||
Migao Corporation b |
22,000 | 101,579 | ||||
1,000 | 930 | |||||
Schulman (A.) |
150,100 | 2,551,700 | ||||
11,673,385 | ||||||
Textiles - 0.1% |
||||||
Unifi b |
125,100 | 352,782 | ||||
Other Industrial Products - 0.2% |
||||||
12,700 | 101,473 | |||||
Vacon |
33,500 | 861,121 | ||||
962,594 | ||||||
Total (Cost $118,250,976) |
140,299,827 | |||||
Industrial Services 19.0% |
||||||
Advertising and Publishing - 0.4% |
||||||
70,000 | 636,300 | |||||
Lamar Advertising Cl. A b |
51,000 | 640,560 | ||||
MDC Partners Cl. A b |
60,000 | 182,400 | ||||
Sun-Times Media Group Cl. A b |
180,000 | 9,000 | ||||
ValueClick b |
145,000 | 991,800 |
THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 23 |
Royce Value Trust |
Schedule of Investments |
SHARES | VALUE | |||||
Industrial Services (continued) |
||||||
Advertising and Publishing (continued) |
||||||
Voyager Learning b |
150,000 | $ | 195,000 | |||
2,655,060 | ||||||
Commercial Services - 10.8% |
||||||
Animal Health International b |
30,000 | 63,900 | ||||
50,000 | 323,000 | |||||
ChinaCast Education b |
28,000 | 71,680 | ||||
Convergys Corporation b |
121,000 | 775,610 | ||||
Corinthian Colleges b |
106,500 | 1,743,405 | ||||
79,287 | 2,135,199 | |||||
Diamond Management & Technology Consultants |
80,400 | 338,484 | ||||
Forrester Research b |
40,300 | 1,136,863 | ||||
Gartner b |
213,000 | 3,797,790 | ||||
Global Sources b |
3,697 | 20,149 | ||||
Hackett Group b |
655,000 | 1,912,600 | ||||
Hewitt Associates Cl. A b |
205,720 | 5,838,334 | ||||
ITT Educational Services b |
23,000 | 2,184,540 | ||||
Landauer |
117,900 | 8,642,070 | ||||
Learning Tree International b |
53,400 | 454,968 | ||||
Manpower |
62,600 | 2,127,774 | ||||
ManTech International Cl. A b |
119,400 | 6,470,286 | ||||
MAXIMUS |
127,900 | 4,490,569 | ||||
Michael Page International |
365,000 | 1,136,006 | ||||
Monster Worldwide b |
24,800 | 299,832 | ||||
MPS Group b |
564,600 | 4,251,438 | ||||
New Horizons Worldwide b |
228,600 | 116,586 | ||||
Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers |
550,200 | 11,785,284 | ||||
Robert Half International |
65,500 | 1,363,710 | ||||
Sothebys |
371,600 | 3,303,524 | ||||
Spherion Corporation b |
62,800 | 138,788 | ||||
TRC Companies b |
3,600 | 6,984 | ||||
Wright Express b |
30,000 | 378,000 | ||||
65,307,373 | ||||||
Engineering and Construction - 1.4% |
||||||
14,100 | 321,903 | |||||
Fleetwood Enterprises b |
234,300 | 23,430 | ||||
59,470 | 167,111 | |||||
Integrated Electrical Services b |
355,400 | 3,113,304 | ||||
KBR |
180,000 | 2,736,000 | ||||
NVR b |
5,000 | 2,281,250 | ||||
8,642,998 | ||||||
Food, Tobacco and Agriculture - 0.2% |
||||||
25,000 | 37,250 | |||||
Alico |
27,000 | 1,106,730 | ||||
MGP Ingredients |
127,400 | 85,358 | ||||
Origin Agritech b |
97,500 | 198,900 | ||||
Zhongpin b |
6,900 | 82,800 | ||||
1,511,038 | ||||||
Industrial Distribution - 1.1% |
||||||
3,100 | 24,645 | |||||
Lawson Products |
161,431 | 3,688,698 | ||||
MSC Industrial Direct Cl. A |
74,300 | 2,736,469 | ||||
6,449,812 | ||||||
SHARES | VALUE | |||||
Industrial Services (continued) |
||||||
Printing - 0.1% |
||||||
Bowne & Co. |
68,100 | $ | 400,428 | |||
Transportation and Logistics - 5.0% |
||||||
Alexander & Baldwin |
60,000 | 1,503,600 | ||||
C. H. Robinson Worldwide |
50,000 | 2,751,500 | ||||
Forward Air |
269,750 | 6,546,832 | ||||
Frozen Food Express Industries |
286,635 | 1,628,087 | ||||
Hub Group Cl. A b |
174,400 | 4,626,832 | ||||
Landstar System |
96,200 | 3,696,966 | ||||
Patriot Transportation Holding b |
70,986 | 4,973,989 | ||||
Universal Truckload Services b |
115,100 | 1,629,816 | ||||
UTI Worldwide |
175,000 | 2,509,500 | ||||
29,867,122 | ||||||
Total (Cost $101,412,946) |
114,833,831 | |||||
Natural Resources 8.8% |
||||||
Energy Services - 4.3% |
||||||
50,000 | 325,500 | |||||
CARBO Ceramics |
135,200 | 4,803,656 | ||||
Core Laboratories |
10,000 | 598,600 | ||||
Ensign Energy Services |
225,100 | 2,410,549 | ||||
Exterran Holdings b |
103,600 | 2,206,680 | ||||
54,500 | 190,205 | |||||
Helix Energy Solutions Group b |
34,226 | 247,796 | ||||
Helmerich & Payne |
53,700 | 1,221,675 | ||||
464,500 | 1,593,235 | |||||
RPC |
25,000 | 244,000 | ||||
127,300 | 8,484,545 | |||||
68,000 | 330,480 | |||||
Willbros Group b |
103,800 | 879,186 | ||||
World Fuel Services |
60,000 | 2,220,000 | ||||
7,200 | 43,920 | |||||
25,800,027 | ||||||
Oil and Gas - 1.1% |
||||||
Bill Barrett b |
50,000 | 1,056,500 | ||||
Carrizo Oil & Gas b |
41,700 | 671,370 | ||||
Cimarex Energy |
155,490 | 4,164,022 | ||||
326,900 | 51,977 | |||||
Penn Virginia |
22,880 | 594,423 | ||||
61,400 | 0 | |||||
330,800 | 0 | |||||
W&T Offshore |
25,000 | 358,000 | ||||
6,896,292 | ||||||
Precious Metals and Mining - 2.0% |
||||||
Centerra Gold b |
30,000 | 107,898 | ||||
Etruscan Resources b |
745,900 | 314,190 | ||||
Gammon Gold b |
198,300 | 1,084,701 | ||||
350,000 | 350,000 | |||||
Harry Winston Diamond |
10,000 | 45,900 | ||||
Hecla Mining b |
528,600 | 1,480,080 | ||||
IAMGOLD Corporation |
335,620 | 2,050,638 | ||||
560,000 | 280,000 | |||||
Kinross Gold |
40,286 | 742,068 | ||||
640,000 | 915,200 | |||||
Northam Platinum |
463,000 | 1,040,643 |
24 | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. |
December 31, 2008 |
|
SHARES | VALUE | |||||
Natural Resources (continued) |
||||||
Precious Metals and Mining (continued) |
||||||
Northgate Minerals b |
140,000 | $ | 116,200 | |||
70,000 | 104,300 | |||||
Pan American Silver b |
41,000 | 699,870 | ||||
Royal Gold |
34,400 | 1,692,824 | ||||
Yamana Gold |
113,525 | 876,413 | ||||
11,900,925 | ||||||
Real Estate - 1.4% |
||||||
Consolidated-Tomoka Land |
13,564 | 518,009 | ||||
PICO Holdings b |
75,200 | 1,998,816 | ||||
164,100 | 3,990,912 | |||||
70,000 | 1,731,800 | |||||
8,239,537 | ||||||
Total (Cost $60,285,142) |
52,836,781 | |||||
Technology 21.0% |
||||||
Aerospace and Defense - 1.7% |
||||||
AerCap Holdings b |
45,000 | 135,450 | ||||
Astronics Corporation b |
65,500 | 582,950 | ||||
Ducommun |
117,200 | 1,957,240 | ||||
HEICO Corporation |
133,700 | 5,191,571 | ||||
HEICO Corporation Cl. A |
38,600 | 1,117,856 | ||||
Hexcel Corporation b |
47,500 | 351,025 | ||||
Integral Systems b |
79,752 | 961,012 | ||||
10,297,104 | ||||||
Components and Systems - 5.4% |
||||||
Analogic Corporation |
40,135 | 1,094,883 | ||||
Belden |
57,800 | 1,206,864 | ||||
Benchmark Electronics b |
208,200 | 2,658,714 | ||||
Checkpoint Systems b |
56,060 | 551,630 | ||||
6,000 | 26,580 | |||||
Diebold |
73,600 | 2,067,424 | ||||
Dionex Corporation b |
81,000 | 3,632,850 | ||||
Electronics for Imaging b |
25,000 | 239,000 | ||||
84,500 | 2,130,245 | |||||
97,500 | 339,300 | |||||
KEMET Corporation b |
95,600 | 25,812 | ||||
4,000 | 107,600 | |||||
Methode Electronics |
50,000 | 337,000 | ||||
Newport Corporation b |
592,200 | 4,015,116 | ||||
Perceptron b |
357,700 | 1,205,449 | ||||
Plexus Corporation b |
300,700 | 5,096,865 | ||||
Richardson Electronics |
520,712 | 1,536,100 | ||||
Technitrol |
261,200 | 908,976 | ||||
Vaisala Cl. A |
96,000 | 2,974,993 | ||||
Vishay Intertechnology b |
186,000 | 636,120 | ||||
Zebra Technologies Cl. A b |
76,525 | 1,550,397 | ||||
32,341,918 | ||||||
Distribution - 0.7% |
||||||
Agilysys |
165,125 | 708,386 | ||||
Anixter International b |
61,795 | 1,861,266 | ||||
China 3C Group b |
41,600 | 29,120 |
SHARES | VALUE | |||||
Technology (continued) |
||||||
Distribution (continued) |
||||||
Tech Data b |
86,500 | $ | 1,543,160 | |||
4,141,932 | ||||||
Internet Software and Services - 0.6% |
||||||
10,000 | 119,900 | |||||
DealerTrack Holdings b |
55,000 | 653,950 | ||||
EarthLink b |
55,200 | 373,152 | ||||
j2 Global Communications b |
43,420 | 870,137 | ||||
Jupitermedia Corporation b |
525,000 | 194,250 | ||||
Lionbridge Technologies b |
37,500 | 46,875 | ||||
NetEase.com ADR b |
3,700 | 81,770 | ||||
Perficient b |
10,000 | 47,800 | ||||
RealNetworks b |
245,400 | 866,262 | ||||
SkyTerra Communications b |
62,200 | 111,338 | ||||
SupportSoft b |
220,000 | 490,600 | ||||
3,856,034 | ||||||
IT Services - 2.5% |
||||||
Alten b |
43,500 | 925,486 | ||||
Black Box |
67,300 | 1,757,876 | ||||
Computer Task Group b |
251,100 | 808,542 | ||||
5,000 | 189,900 | |||||
Metavante Technologies b |
20,000 | 322,200 | ||||
Sapient Corporation b |
806,602 | 3,581,313 | ||||
213,300 | 3,679,425 | |||||
Syntel |
152,679 | 3,529,938 | ||||
Total System Services |
25,000 | 350,000 | ||||
15,400 | 112,266 | |||||
15,256,946 | ||||||
Semiconductors and Equipment - 3.4% |
||||||
Actions Semiconductor ADR b |
54,700 | 88,067 | ||||
58,000 | 121,800 | |||||
Brooks Automation b |
5,152 | 29,933 | ||||
CEVA b |
31,666 | 221,662 | ||||
Cognex Corporation |
236,200 | 3,495,760 | ||||
Coherent b |
243,500 | 5,225,510 | ||||
Diodes b |
297,450 | 1,802,547 | ||||
DSP Group b |
164,500 | 1,319,290 | ||||
Exar Corporation b |
232,576 | 1,551,282 | ||||
Fairchild Semiconductor International b |
51,200 | 250,368 | ||||
Himax Technologies ADR |
80,500 | 128,800 | ||||
Image Sensing Systems b |
8,310 | 52,935 | ||||
International Rectifier b |
120,000 | 1,620,000 | ||||
57,450 | 291,271 | |||||
Kulicke & Soffa Industries b |
105,800 | 179,860 | ||||
Novellus Systems b |
12,000 | 148,080 | ||||
Power Integrations |
49,000 | 974,120 | ||||
Sanmina-SCI Corporation b |
200,000 | 94,000 | ||||
Semitool b |
50,000 | 152,500 | ||||
TTM Technologies b |
221,400 | 1,153,494 | ||||
Varian b |
2,000 | 67,020 | ||||
Veeco Instruments b |
65,000 | 412,100 | ||||
Vimicro International ADR b |
270,000 | 591,300 | ||||
Virage Logic b |
120,000 | 358,800 | ||||
20,330,499 | ||||||
THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 25 |
Royce Value Trust |
Schedule of Investments |
SHARES | VALUE | |||||
Technology (continued) |
||||||
Software - 4.1% |
||||||
ACI Worldwide b |
233,150 | $ | 3,707,085 | |||
Adobe Systems b |
5,000 | 106,450 | ||||
162,900 | 3,253,113 | |||||
ANSYS b |
100,000 | 2,789,000 | ||||
Aspen Technology b |
42,100 | 305,225 | ||||
141,000 | 1,538,310 | |||||
Borland Software b |
280,000 | 294,000 | ||||
China Fire & Security Group b |
6,300 | 42,903 | ||||
Epicor Software b |
79,900 | 383,520 | ||||
JDA Software Group b |
99,900 | 1,311,687 | ||||
MSC.Software b |
50,000 | 334,000 | ||||
National Instruments |
82,900 | 2,019,444 | ||||
Net 1 UEPS Technologies b |
50,000 | 685,000 | ||||
Pegasystems |
44,200 | 546,312 | ||||
PLATO Learning b |
149,642 | 179,570 | ||||
32,500 | 109,525 | |||||
Renaissance Learning |
15,000 | 134,850 | ||||
SPSS b |
179,600 | 4,842,016 | ||||
Sybase b |
57,600 | 1,426,752 | ||||
Teradata Corporation b |
35,000 | 519,050 | ||||
THQ b |
20,000 | 83,800 | ||||
Verint Systems b |
40,000 | 268,000 | ||||
24,879,612 | ||||||
Telecommunications - 2.6% |
||||||
Adaptec b |
2,484,100 | 8,197,530 | ||||
ADTRAN |
65,000 | 967,200 | ||||
Catapult Communications b |
87,100 | 572,247 | ||||
China GrenTech ADR b |
15,900 | 19,080 | ||||
China Mobile Media Technology b |
160,200 | 1,458 | ||||
204,200 | 1,333,426 | |||||
Cogo Group b |
41,200 | 200,232 | ||||
50,000 | 10,000 | |||||
Globecomm Systems b |
233,700 | 1,283,013 | ||||
IDT Corporation b |
25,000 | 8,750 | ||||
IDT Corporation Cl. B b |
215,000 | 86,000 | ||||
401,341 | 280,939 | |||||
Livewire Mobile b |
380,000 | 41,268 | ||||
454,000 | 717,320 | |||||
Sycamore Networks b |
221,000 | 594,490 | ||||
Tandberg |
92,500 | 1,018,244 | ||||
Tollgrade Communications b |
20,000 | 95,600 | ||||
UTStarcom b |
43,700 | 80,845 | ||||
Zhone Technologies b |
1,120,000 | 92,960 | ||||
15,600,602 | ||||||
Total (Cost $187,626,588) |
126,704,647 | |||||
Utilities 0.4% |
||||||
CH Energy Group |
44,500 | 2,286,855 | ||||
Total (Cost $1,994,916) |
2,286,855 | |||||
Miscellaneous e 4.8% |
||||||
Total (Cost $48,073,534) |
28,718,323 | |||||
SHARES | VALUE | |||||
TOTAL COMMON STOCKS |
||||||
(Cost $947,995,373) |
$ | 779,462,848 | ||||
PREFERRED STOCKS 0.5% |
||||||
Duratex |
182,400 | 1,155,064 | ||||
85,000 | 1,599,615 | |||||
TOTAL PREFERRED STOCKS |
||||||
(Cost $4,237,076) |
2,754,679 | |||||
REPURCHASE AGREEMENT 6.7% |
||||||
State Street Bank & Trust Company, | ||||||
0.01% dated 12/31/08, due 1/2/09, |
||||||
maturity value $40,306,022 (collateralized |
||||||
by obligations of various U.S. Government |
||||||
Agencies, valued at $42,000,000) |
||||||
(Cost $40,306,000) |
40,306,000 | |||||
COLLATERAL RECEIVED FOR SECURITIES LOANED 4.2% |
||||||
Money Market Funds | ||||||
Federated Government Obligations Fund |
||||||
(7 day yield-0.9626%) |
||||||
(Cost $25,611,719) |
25,611,719 | |||||
TOTAL INVESTMENTS 140.6% |
||||||
(Cost $1,018,150,168) |
848,135,246 | |||||
LIABILITIES LESS CASH AND OTHER ASSETS (4.1)% |
(24,901,184 | ) | ||||
PREFERRED STOCK (36.5)% |
(220,000,000 | ) | ||||
NET ASSETS APPLICABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS 100.0% |
$ | 603,234,062 | ||||
26 | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. |
December 31, 2008 |
|
THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 27 |
Royce Value Trust |
December 31, 2008 |
Statement of Assets and Liabilities |
ASSETS: |
||||
Investments at value (including collateral on loaned securities)* | ||||
Non-Affiliated Companies (cost $967,808,566) |
$ | 802,123,412 | ||
Affiliated Companies (cost $10,035,602) |
5,705,834 | |||
Total investments at value | 807,829,246 | |||
Repurchase agreements (at cost and value) | 40,306,000 | |||
Cash and foreign currency | 3,672 | |||
Receivable for investments sold | 24,973 | |||
Receivable for dividends and interest | 1,015,366 | |||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | 252,241 | |||
Total Assets |
849,431,498 | |||
LIABILITIES: |
||||
Payable for collateral on loaned securities | 25,611,719 | |||
Payable for investments purchased | 18,637 | |||
Preferred dividends accrued but not yet declared | 288,446 | |||
Accrued expenses | 278,634 | |||
Total Liabilities |
26,197,436 | |||
PREFERRED STOCK: |
||||
5.90% Cumulative Preferred Stock - $0.001 par value, $25 liquidation value per share; 8,800,000 shares outstanding | 220,000,000 | |||
Total Preferred Stock |
220,000,000 | |||
NET ASSETS APPLICABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS |
$ | 603,234,062 | ||
ANALYSIS OF NET ASSETS APPLICABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS: |
||||
Common Stock paid-in capital - $0.001 par value per share; 64,376,396 shares outstanding (150,000,000 shares authorized) | $ | 794,414,227 | ||
Undistributed net investment income (loss) | 3,331,228 | |||
Accumulated net realized gain (loss) on investments and foreign currency | (24,204,439 | ) | ||
Net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments and foreign currency | (170,018,505 | ) | ||
Preferred dividends accrued but not yet declared | (288,449 | ) | ||
Net Assets applicable to Common Stockholders (net asset value per share - $9.37) |
$ | 603,234,062 | ||
*Investments at identified cost (including $25,611,719 of collateral on loaned securities) | $ | 977,844,168 | ||
Market value of loaned securities | 24,753,879 |
28 | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. |
Royce Value Trust |
Year Ended December 31, 2008 |
Statement of Operations |
INVESTMENT INCOME: |
||||
Income: | ||||
Dividends* |
||||
Non-Affiliated Companies |
$ | 18,615,440 | ||
Affiliated Companies |
206,448 | |||
Interest |
1,610,852 | |||
Securities lending |
1,492,157 | |||
Total income | 21,924,897 | |||
Expenses: | ||||
Investment advisory fees |
11,933,825 | |||
Stockholder reports |
463,812 | |||
Custody and transfer agent fees |
241,830 | |||
Directors fees |
119,262 | |||
Administrative and office facilities expenses |
113,379 | |||
Professional fees |
63,338 | |||
Other expenses |
135,631 | |||
Total expenses | 13,071,077 | |||
Compensating balance credits | (3,748 | ) | ||
Net expenses | 13,067,329 | |||
Net investment income (loss) | 8,857,568 | |||
REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN (LOSS) ON INVESTMENTS AND FOREIGN CURRENCY: |
||||
Net realized gain (loss) on investments and foreign currency | ||||
Non-Affiliated Companies |
41,802,074 | |||
Affiliated Companies |
| |||
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments and foreign currency | (567,740,312 | ) | ||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments and foreign currency | (525,938,238 | ) | ||
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS RESULTING FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS |
(517,080,670 | ) | ||
DISTRIBUTIONS TO PREFERRED STOCKHOLDERS |
(12,980,000 | ) | ||
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS APPLICABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS RESULTING FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS |
$ | (530,060,670 | ) | |
* Net of foreign withholding tax of $512,191. |
THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 29 |
Royce Value Trust |
Statement of Changes in Net Assets |
Year ended | Year ended | |||||||
12/31/08 | 12/31/07 | |||||||
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS: | ||||||||
Net investment income (loss) | $ | 8,857,568 | $ | 5,297,518 | ||||
Net realized gain (loss) on investments and foreign currency | 41,802,074 | 121,683,331 | ||||||
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments and foreign currency | (567,740,312 | ) | (56,217,996 | ) | ||||
Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from investment operations | (517,080,670 | ) | 70,762,853 | |||||
DISTRIBUTIONS TO PREFERRED STOCKHOLDERS: | ||||||||
Net investment income | (621,668 | ) | (613,954 | ) | ||||
Net realized gain on investments and foreign currency | (12,358,332 | ) | (12,366,046 | ) | ||||
Total distributions to Preferred Stockholders | (12,980,000 | ) | (12,980,000 | ) | ||||
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS APPLICABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS | ||||||||
RESULTING FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS |
(530,060,670 | ) | 57,782,853 | |||||
DISTRIBUTIONS TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS: | ||||||||
Net investment income | (3,638,680 | ) | (5,095,420 | ) | ||||
Net realized gain on investments and foreign currency | (72,334,389 | ) | (102,630,144 | ) | ||||
Return of capital | (29,418,267 | ) | | |||||
Total distributions to Common Stockholders | (105,391,336 | ) | (107,725,564 | ) | ||||
CAPITAL SHARE TRANSACTIONS: | ||||||||
Reinvestment of distributions to Common Stockholders | 54,016,743 | 54,184,473 | ||||||
Total capital stock transactions | 54,016,743 | 54,184,473 | ||||||
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS APPLICABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS | (581,435,263 | ) | 4,241,762 | |||||
NET ASSETS APPLICABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS: | ||||||||
Beginning of year |
1,184,669,325 | 1,180,427,563 | ||||||
End of year (including undistributed net investment income (loss) of $3,331,228 at 12/31/08 and |
||||||||
$(156,056) at 12/31/07) |
$ | 603,234,062 | $ | 1,184,669,325 |
30 | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. |
Royce Value Trust |
Financial Highlights |
This table is presented to show selected data for a share of Common Stock outstanding throughout each period, and to assist stockholders in evaluating the Funds performance for the periods presented.
Years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
NET ASSET VALUE, BEGINNING OF PERIOD | $ | 19.74 | $ | 20.62 | $ | 18.87 | $ | 18.95 | $ | 17.03 | ||||||||||
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) |
0.14 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.01 | (0.08 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments and |
||||||||||||||||||||
foreign currency |
(8.50 | ) | 1.13 | 3.63 | 1.75 | 3.81 | ||||||||||||||
Total investment operations |
(8.36 | ) | 1.22 | 3.76 | 1.76 | 3.73 | ||||||||||||||
DISTRIBUTIONS TO PREFERRED STOCKHOLDERS: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income |
(0.01 | ) | (0.01 | ) | (0.02 | ) | |
|
||||||||||||
Net realized gain on investments and foreign currency |
(0.20 | ) | (0.21 | ) | (0.21 | ) | (0.24 | ) | (0.26 | ) | ||||||||||
Total distributions to Preferred Stockholders |
(0.21 | ) | (0.22 | ) | (0.23 | ) | (0.24 | ) | (0.26 | ) | ||||||||||
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN NET ASSETS APPLICABLE TO COMMON | ||||||||||||||||||||
STOCKHOLDERS RESULTING FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS |
(8.57 | ) | 1.00 | 3.53 | 1.52 | 3.47 | ||||||||||||||
DISTRIBUTIONS TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income |
(0.06 | ) | (0.09 | ) | (0.14 | ) | |
|
||||||||||||
Net realized gain on investments and foreign currency |
(1.18 | ) | (1.76 | ) | (1.64 | ) | (1.61 | ) | (1.55 | ) | ||||||||||
Return of capital |
(0.48 | ) | |
|
|
|
||||||||||||||
Total distributions to Common Stockholders |
(1.72 | ) | (1.85 | ) | (1.78 | ) | (1.61 | ) | (1.55 | ) | ||||||||||
CAPITAL STOCK TRANSACTIONS: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Effect of reinvestment of distributions by Common Stockholders |
(0.08 | ) | (0.03 | ) | (0.00 | ) | 0.01 | 0.00 | ||||||||||||
Total capital stock transactions |
(0.08 | ) | (0.03 | ) | (0.00 | ) | 0.01 | 0.00 | ||||||||||||
NET ASSET VALUE, END OF PERIOD | $ | 9.37 | $ | 19.74 | $ | 20.62 | $ | 18.87 | $ | 18.95 | ||||||||||
MARKET VALUE, END OF PERIOD | $ | 8.39 | $ | 18.58 | $ | 22.21 | $ | 20.08 | $ | 20.44 | ||||||||||
TOTAL RETURN (a): | ||||||||||||||||||||
Market Value | (48.27 | )% | (8.21 | )% | 20.96 | % | 6.95 | % | 29.60 | % | ||||||||||
Net Asset Value | (45.62 | )% | 5.04 | % | 19.50 | % | 8.41 | % | 21.42 | % | ||||||||||
RATIOS BASED ON AVERAGE NET ASSETS APPLICABLE TO | ||||||||||||||||||||
COMMON STOCKHOLDERS: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Total expenses (b,c) | 1.39 | % | 1.38 | % | 1.29 | % | 1.49 | % | 1.51 | % | ||||||||||
Management fee expense (d) |
1.27 | % | 1.29 | % | 1.20 | % | 1.37 | % | 1.39 | % | ||||||||||
Other operating expenses |
0.12 | % | 0.09 | % | 0.09 | % | 0.12 | % | 0.12 | % | ||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) | 0.94 | % | 0.43 | % | 0.62 | % | 0.03 | % | (0.50 | )% | ||||||||||
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net Assets Applicable to Common Stockholders, | ||||||||||||||||||||
End of Period (in thousands) |
$ | 603,234 | $ | 1,184,669 | $ | 1,180,428 | $ | 1,032,120 | $ | 993,304 | ||||||||||
Liquidation Value of Preferred Stock, | ||||||||||||||||||||
End of Period (in thousands) |
$ | 220,000 | $ | 220,000 | $ | 220,000 | $ | 220,000 | $ | 220,000 | ||||||||||
Portfolio Turnover Rate | 25 | % | 26 | % | 21 | % | 31 | % | 30 | % | ||||||||||
PREFERRED STOCK: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total shares outstanding | 8,800,000 | 8,800,000 | 8,800,000 | 8,800,000 | 8,800,000 | |||||||||||||||
Asset coverage per share | $ | 93.55 | $ | 159.62 | $ | 159.14 | $ | 142.29 | $ | 137.88 | ||||||||||
Liquidation preference per share | $ | 25.00 | $ | 25.00 | $ | 25.00 | $ | 25.00 | $ | 25.00 | ||||||||||
Average market value per share (e): | ||||||||||||||||||||
5.90% Cumulative |
$ | 22.51 | $ | 23.68 | $ | 23.95 | $ | 24.75 | $ | 24.50 | ||||||||||
THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders | 31 |
Royce Value Trust |
Notes to Financial Statements |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:
Royce
Value Trust, Inc. (the Fund), was incorporated under the laws of the State of
Maryland on July 1, 1986 as a diversified closed-end investment company. The Fund
commenced operations on November 26, 1986.
The preparation
of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted
in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the
reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results
could differ from those estimates.
Valuation of Investments:
Securities
are valued as of the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) (generally
4:00 p.m. Eastern time) on the valuation date. Securities that trade on an exchange,
and securities traded on Nasdaqs Electronic Bulletin Board, are valued at
their last reported sales price or Nasdaq official closing price taken from the
primary market in which each security trades or, if no sale is reported for such
day, at their bid price. Other over-the-counter securities for which market quotations
are readily available are valued at their highest bid price, except in the case
of some bonds and other fixed income securities which may be valued by reference
to other securities with comparable ratings, interest rates and maturities, using
established independent pricing services. Securities for which market quotations
are not readily available are valued at their fair value under procedures established
by the Funds Board of Directors. In addition, if, between the time trading
ends on a particular security and the close of the customary trading session on
the NYSE, events occur that are significant and may make the closing price unreliable,
the Fund may fair value the security. The Fund uses an independent pricing service
to provide fair value estimates for relevant non-U.S. equity securities on days
when the U.S. market volatility exceeds a certain threshold. This pricing service
uses proprietary correlations it has developed between the movement of prices of
non-U.S. equity securities and indices of U.S.-traded securities, futures contracts
and other indications to estimate the fair value of relevant non-U.S. securities.
When fair value pricing is employed, the prices of securities used by the Fund may
differ from quoted or published prices for the same security. Investments in money
market funds are valued at net asset value per share.
Various inputs are used in determining the
value of the Funds investments, as noted above. These inputs are summarized
in the three broad levels below:
Level 1 quoted prices in active markets
for identical securities
Level 2 other significant observable inputs (including
quoted prices for similar securities, foreign securities that may be fair valued
and repurchase agreements)
Level 3 significant unobservable inputs (including
the Funds own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments)
The inputs or
methodology used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication
of the risk associated with investing in those securities.
The following is a
summary of the inputs used to value the Funds investments as of December 31,
2008:
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||
$683,102,957 | $163,392,707 | $1,639,582 | $848,135,246 | ||||||
Level 3 Reconciliation: | |||||||||
Change in unrealized appreciation | |||||||||
Balance as of 12/31/07 | (depreciation) | Purchases | Balance as of 12/31/08 | ||||||
$1,816,875 | $(604,318) | $427,025 | $1,639,582 | ||||||
Repurchase Agreements:
The Fund
may enter into repurchase agreements with institutions that the Funds investment
adviser has determined are creditworthy. The Fund restricts repurchase agreements
to maturities of no more than seven days. Securities pledged as collateral for repurchase
agreements, which are held until maturity of the repurchase agreements, are marked-to-market
daily and maintained at a value at least equal to the principal amount of the repurchase
agreement (including accrued interest). Repurchase agreements could involve certain
risks in the event of default or insolvency of the counter-party, including possible
delays or restrictions upon the ability of the Fund to dispose of its underlying
securities.
Foreign Currency:
The Fund values its non-U.S. securities
in U.S. dollars daily at the prevailing foreign currency exchange rates as quoted
by a major bank. The effects of changes in foreign exchange rates on investments
and other assets and liabilities are included with net realized and unrealized gains
and losses on investments.
Net realized foreign exchange gains or losses arise
from sales and maturities of short-term securities, sales of foreign currencies,
expiration of currency forward contracts, currency gains or losses realized between
the trade and settlement dates on securities transactions, and the difference between
the amounts of dividends, interest, and foreign withholding taxes recorded on the
Funds books and the U.S. dollar equivalent of the amounts actually received
or paid. Net unrealized foreign exchange gains and losses arise from changes in
the value of assets and liabilities, including investments in securities at the
end of the reporting period, as a result of changes in foreign currency exchange
rates.
32 | 2008 Annual Report to Stockholders |
Royce Value Trust |
Notes to Financial Statements (continued) |
Securities Lending:
The Fund loans
securities to qualified institutional investors for the purpose of realizing additional
income. Collateral on all securities loaned for the Fund is accepted in cash and
cash equivalents and invested temporarily by the custodian. The collateral maintained
is at least 100% of the current market value of the loaned securities. The market
value of the loaned securities is determined at the close of business of the Fund
and any additional required collateral is delivered to the Fund on the next business
day. The Fund retains the risk of any loss on the securities on loan as well as
incurring the potential loss on investments purchased with cash collateral received
for securities lending.
Taxes:
As a qualified regulated investment
company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code, the Fund is not subject
to income taxes to the extent that it distributes substantially all of its taxable
income for its fiscal year. The Schedule of Investments includes information regarding
income taxes under the caption Tax Information.
Distributions:
In 2008, the Fund paid quarterly distributions on the Funds Common
Stock at the annual rate of 9% of the rolling average of the prior four calendar
quarter-end NAVs of the Funds Common Stock, with the fourth quarter distribution
being the greater of 2.25% of the rolling average or the distribution required by
IRS regulations. Distributions to Preferred Stockholders are accrued daily and paid
quarterly and distributions to Common Stockholders are recorded on ex-dividend date.
The Fund is required to allocate long-term capital gain distributions and other
types of income proportionately to distributions made to holders of shares of Common
Stock and Preferred Stock. To the extent that distributions are not paid from long-term
capital gains, net investment income or net short-term capital gains, they will
represent a return of capital. Distributions are determined in accordance with income
tax regulations that may differ from accounting principles generally accepted in
the United States of America. Permanent book and tax differences relating to stockholder
distributions will result in reclassifications within the capital accounts. Undistributed
net investment income may include temporary book and tax basis differences, which
will reverse in a subsequent period. Any taxable income or gain remaining undistributed
at fiscal year end is distributed in the following year.
Investment Transactions
and Related Investment Income:
Investment transactions are accounted for
on the trade date. Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date. Non-cash
dividend income is recorded at the fair market value of the securities received.
Interest income is rec