Form 10-K
Table of Contents

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-K

 

FOR ANNUAL AND TRANSITION REPORTS PURSUANT TO SECTIONS 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010

OR

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission File Number 1-5231

 

McDONALD’S CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

Delaware

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

   

 

 

36-2361282

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

  

  

  

One McDonald’s Plaza

Oak Brook, Illinois

(Address of principal executive offices)

   

 

60523

(Zip code)

  

  

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (630) 623-3000

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class  

Name of each exchange

on which registered

 
Common stock, $.01 par value     New York Stock Exchange   

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

(Title of class)

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes x  No ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Act.  Yes ¨  No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes x  No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes x  No ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

(Check one):

Large accelerated filer  x        Accelerated filer  ¨

Non-accelerated filer  ¨  (do not check if a smaller reporting company)        Smaller reporting company  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ¨  No x

The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2010 was $70,073,280,631.

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock as of January 31, 2011 was 1,043,298,941.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Part III of this Form 10-K incorporates information by reference from the registrant’s 2011 definitive proxy statement which will be filed no later than 120 days after December 31, 2010.

 

 


Table of Contents

McDONALD’S CORPORATION

 

INDEX

 

 

        Page Reference  
Part I.      
  Item 1   Business     1   
  Item 1A   Risk Factors and Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements     3   
  Item 1B   Unresolved Staff Comments     5   
  Item 2   Properties     6   
  Item 3   Legal Proceedings     6   
Part II.      
  Item 5   Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities     7   
  Item 6   Selected Financial Data     9   
  Item 7   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations     10   
  Item 7A   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk     27   
  Item 8   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data     27   
  Item 9   Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure     48   
  Item 9A   Controls and Procedures     48   
  Item 9B   Other Information     48   
Part III.      
  Item 10   Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance     48   
  Item 11   Executive Compensation     48   
  Item 12   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters     48   
  Item 13   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence     49   
  Item 14   Principal Accountant Fees and Services     49   
Part IV.      
  Item 15   Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules     49   
Signatures     52   
Exhibits     53   

All trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners and are used with permission.


Table of Contents

PART I

 

 

ITEM 1. Business

 

 

McDonald’s Corporation, the registrant, together with its subsidiaries, is referred to herein as the “Company.”

a. General development of business

During 2010, there have been no material changes to the Company’s corporate structure or in its method of conducting business. In 2010, the Company has continued the process it began in 2005 to realign certain subsidiaries to develop a corporate structure within its geographic segments that better reflects the operation of the McDonald’s worldwide business.

b. Financial information about segments

Segment data for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009, and 2008 are included in Part II, Item 8, page 40 of this Form 10-K.

c. Narrative description of business

 

 

General

The Company franchises and operates McDonald’s restaurants in the global restaurant industry. These restaurants serve a varied, yet limited, value-priced menu (see Products) in more than 100 countries around the world.

All restaurants are operated either by the Company or by franchisees, including conventional franchisees under franchise arrangements, and foreign affiliated markets and developmental licensees under license agreements.

The Company’s operations are designed to assure consistency and high quality at every restaurant. When granting franchises or licenses, the Company is selective and generally is not in the practice of franchising to passive investors.

Under the conventional franchise arrangement, franchisees provide a portion of the capital required by initially investing in the equipment, signs, seating and décor of their restaurant businesses, and by reinvesting in the business over time. The Company owns the land and building or secures long-term leases for both Company-operated and conventional franchised restaurant sites. In certain circumstances, the Company participates in reinvestment for conventional franchised restaurants. A discussion regarding site selection is included in Part I, Item 2, page 6 of this Form 10-K.

Conventional franchisees contribute to the Company’s revenue stream through the payment of rent and royalties based upon a percent of sales, with specified minimum rent payments, along with initial fees received upon the opening of a new restaurant or the granting of a new franchise term. The conventional franchise arrangement typically lasts 20 years, and franchising practices are generally consistent throughout the world. Over 70% of franchised restaurants operate under conventional franchise arrangements.

The Company has an equity investment in a limited number of foreign affiliated markets, referred to as affiliates. The largest of these affiliates is Japan, where there are more than 3,300 restaurants. The Company receives a royalty based on a percent of sales in these markets.

Under a developmental license arrangement, licensees provide capital for the entire business, including the real estate interest. While the Company has no capital invested, it receives a royalty based on a percent of sales, as well as initial fees. The largest of these developmental license arrangements operates more than 1,750 restaurants across 18 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean.

The Company and its franchisees purchase food, packaging, equipment and other goods from numerous independent suppliers. The Company has established and strictly enforces high quality standards and product specifications. The Company has quality assurance labs around the world to ensure that its high standards are consistently met. The quality assurance process not only involves ongoing product reviews, but also on-site inspections of suppliers’ facilities. A quality assurance board, composed of the Company’s technical, safety and supply chain specialists, provides strategic global leadership for all aspects of food quality and safety. In addition, the Company works closely with suppliers to encourage innovation, assure best practices and drive continuous improvement. Leveraging scale, supply chain infrastructure and risk management strategies, the Company also collaborates with suppliers toward a goal of achieving competitive, predictable food and paper costs over the long term.

Independently owned and operated distribution centers, approved by the Company, distribute products and supplies to most McDonald’s restaurants. In addition, restaurant personnel are trained in the proper storage, handling and preparation of products and in the delivery of customer service.

McDonald’s global brand is well known. Marketing, promotional and public relations activities are designed to promote McDonald’s brand image and differentiate the Company from competitors. Marketing and promotional efforts focus on value, food taste, menu choice and the customer experience. The Company continuously endeavors to improve its social responsibility and environmental practices to achieve long-term sustainability, which benefits McDonald’s and the communities it serves.

The Company has disposed of non-McDonald’s restaurant businesses to concentrate resources on its core business. In February 2009, the Company sold its minority ownership interest in Redbox Automated Retail, LLC, and in April 2008, the Company sold its minority ownership interest in U.K.-based Pret A Manger.

 

 

Products

McDonald’s restaurants offer a substantially uniform menu, although there are geographic variations to suit local consumer preferences and tastes. In addition, McDonald’s tests new products on an ongoing basis.

McDonald’s menu includes hamburgers and cheeseburgers, Big Mac, Quarter Pounder with Cheese, Filet-O-Fish, several chicken sandwiches, Chicken McNuggets, Chicken Selects, Snack Wraps, french fries, salads, shakes, McFlurry desserts, sundaes, soft serve cones, pies, cookies, soft drinks, coffee, McCafé beverages and other beverages. In addition, the restaurants sell a variety of other products during limited-time promotions.

McDonald’s restaurants in the U.S. and many international markets offer a full or limited breakfast menu. Breakfast offerings may include Egg McMuffin, Sausage McMuffin with Egg, McGriddles, biscuit and bagel sandwiches and hotcakes.


 

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Intellectual property

The Company owns or is licensed to use valuable intellectual property including trademarks, service marks, patents, copyrights, trade secrets and other proprietary information. The Company considers the trademarks “McDonald’s” and “The Golden Arches Logo” to be of material importance to its business. Depending on the jurisdiction, trademarks and service marks generally are valid as long as they are used and/or registered. Patents, copyrights and licenses are of varying remaining durations.

 

 

Seasonal operations

The Company does not consider its operations to be seasonal to any material degree.

 

 

Working capital practices

Information about the Company’s working capital practices is incorporated herein by reference to Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009, and 2008 in Part II, Item 7, pages 10 through 27, and the Consolidated statement of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 in Part II, Item 8, page 30 of this Form 10-K.

 

 

Customers

The Company’s business is not dependent upon either a single customer or small group of customers.

 

 

Backlog

Company-operated restaurants have no backlog orders.

 

 

Government contracts

No material portion of the business is subject to renegotiation of profits or termination of contracts or subcontracts at the election of the U.S. government.

 

 

Competition

McDonald’s restaurants compete with international, national, regional and local retailers of food products. The Company competes on the basis of price, convenience, service, menu variety and product quality in a highly fragmented global restaurant industry.

In measuring the Company’s competitive position, management reviews data compiled by Euromonitor International, a leading source of market data with respect to the global restaurant industry. The Company’s primary competition, which management refers to as the Informal Eating Out (IEO) segment, includes the following restaurant categories defined by Euromonitor International: quick-service eating establishments, casual dining full-service restaurants, 100% home delivery/takeaway providers, street stalls or kiosks, specialist coffee shops and self-service cafeterias. The IEO segment excludes establishments that primarily serve alcohol and full-service restaurants other than casual dining.

Based on data from Euromonitor International, the global IEO segment was composed of approximately 6.3 million outlets and generated $868 billion in annual sales in 2009, the most recent year for which data is available. McDonald’s Systemwide 2009 restaurant business accounted for approximately 0.5% of those outlets and about 8% of the sales.

Management also on occasion benchmarks McDonald’s against the entire restaurant industry, including the IEO segment defined above and all other full-service restaurants. Based on data from Euromonitor International, the restaurant industry was composed of approximately 13.1 million outlets and generated about $1.79 trillion in annual sales in 2009. McDonald’s Systemwide restaurant business accounted for approximately 0.2% of those outlets and about 4% of the sales.

 

 

Research and development

The Company operates research and development facilities in the U.S., Europe and Asia. While research and development activities are important to the Company’s business, these expenditures are not material. Independent suppliers also conduct research activities that benefit the Company, its franchisees and suppliers (collectively referred to as the System).

 

 

Environmental matters

Increased focus by U.S. and overseas governmental authorities on environmental matters is likely to lead to new governmental initiatives, particularly in the area of climate change. While we cannot predict the precise nature of these initiatives, we expect that they may impact our business both directly and indirectly. Although the impact would likely vary by world region and/or market, we believe that adoption of new regulations may increase costs, including for the Company, its franchisees and suppliers. Also, there is a possibility that governmental initiatives, or actual or perceived effects of changes in weather patterns or climate, could have a direct impact on the operations of our restaurants or the operations of our suppliers in ways which we cannot predict at this time.

The Company monitors developments related to environmental matters and plans to respond to governmental initiatives in a timely and appropriate manner. At this time, the Company has already undertaken its own initiatives relating to preservation of the environment, including the development of means of monitoring and reducing energy use, in many of its markets.

 

 

Number of employees

The Company’s number of employees worldwide, including Company-operated restaurant employees, was approximately 400,000 as of year-end 2010.

d. Financial information about geographic areas

Financial information about geographic areas is incorporated herein by reference to Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations in Part II, Item 7, pages 10 through 27 and Segment and geographic information in Part II, Item 8, page 40 of this Form 10-K.

e. Available information

The Company is subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act). The Company therefore files periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Such reports may be obtained by visiting the Public Reference Room of the SEC at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549, or by calling the SEC at (800) SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an internet site (www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information.


 

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Financial and other information can also be accessed on the investor section of the Company’s website at www.aboutmcdonalds.com. The Company makes available, free of charge, copies of its annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after filing such material electronically or otherwise furnishing it to the SEC.

Copies of financial and other information are also available free of charge by calling (630) 623-7428 or by sending a request to McDonald’s Corporation Shareholder Services, Department 720, One McDonald’s Plaza, Oak Brook, Illinois 60523.

Also posted on McDonald’s website are the Company’s Corporate Governance Principles, the charters of McDonald’s Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Governance Committee, the Company’s Standards of Business Conduct, the Code of Ethics for Chief Executive Officer and Senior Financial Officers and the Code of Conduct for the Board of Directors. Copies of these documents are also available free of charge by calling (630) 623-7428 or by sending a request to McDonald’s Corporation Shareholder Services, Department 720, One McDonald’s Plaza, Oak Brook, Illinois 60523.

Information on the Company’s website is not incorporated into this Form 10-K or the Company’s other securities filings and is not a part of them.

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors and Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

 

 

This report includes forward-looking statements about our plans and future performance, including those under Outlook for 2011. These statements use such words as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe” and “plan.” They reflect our expectations and speak only as of the date of this report. We do not undertake to update them. Our expectations (or the underlying assumptions) may change or not be realized, and you should not rely unduly on forward-looking statements.

Our business and execution of our strategic plan, the Plan to Win, are subject to risks. The most important of these is our ability to remain relevant to our customers and a brand they trust. Meeting customer expectations is complicated by the risks inherent in our operating environment. The IEO segment of the restaurant industry, although largely mature in our major markets, is highly fragmented and competitive. The current economic environment has caused the IEO segment to contract in many markets, including some of our major markets, and this may continue. The current environment, including persistently high unemployment rates in many of our markets, has also increased consumer focus on value and heightened pricing pressures across the industry. Combined with increasing pressure on commodity and labor costs, these circumstances could affect our ability to continue to grow comparable sales and margins despite the strength of our brand and value proposition. We have the added challenge of the cultural, economic and regulatory differences that exist among the more than 100 countries where we operate. Our operations, plans and results are also affected by regulatory and similar initiatives around the world, as well as by

the focus on nutritional content and the production, processing and preparation of food “from field to front counter.”

The risks we face can have an impact both in the near- and long-term and are reflected in the following considerations and factors that we believe are most likely to affect our performance.

Our ability to remain a relevant and trusted brand and to increase sales depends largely on how well we execute the Plan to Win.

The Plan to Win addresses the key drivers of our business and results—people, products, place, price and promotion. The quality of our execution depends mainly on the following:

 

 

Our ability to anticipate and respond effectively to trends or other factors that affect the IEO segment and our competitive position in the diverse markets we serve, such as spending patterns, demographic changes, trends in food preparation, consumer preferences and publicity about us, all of which can drive popular perceptions of our business or affect the willingness of other companies to enter into site, supply or other arrangements or alliances with us;

 

 

Our ability to drive restaurant improvements and to motivate our restaurant personnel to achieve sustained high service levels so as to improve consumer perceptions of our ability to meet expectations for quality food served in clean and friendly environments;

 

 

Whether our restaurant reimaging and rebuilding efforts, which remain a priority notwithstanding the current challenging economic and operating environment, are targeted at the elements of the restaurant experience that will best accomplish our goals to enhance the relevance of our brand and achieve an efficient allocation of our capital resources;

 

 

The risks associated with our franchise business model, including whether our franchisees and developmental licensees will have the experience and financial resources to be effective operators and remain aligned with us on operating, promotional and capital-intensive initiatives and the potential impact on us if they experience food safety or other operational problems or project a brand image inconsistent with our values, particularly if our contractual and other rights and remedies are limited by local law or otherwise, costly to exercise or subject to litigation;

 

 

The success of our initiatives to support menu choice, physical activity and nutritional awareness and to address these and other matters of social responsibility in a way that communicates our values effectively and inspires trust and confidence;

 

 

Our ability to respond effectively to adverse perceptions about the quick-service category of the IEO segment or about our products, promotions and premiums, such as Happy Meals (collectively, our products), or the reliability of our supply chain and the safety of our products, and our ability to manage the potential impact on McDonald’s of food-borne illnesses or product safety issues;

 

 

The success of our plans to improve existing menu items and to roll out new menu items, as well as the impact of our competitors’ actions, including in response to our menu changes and product introductions, and our ability to continue robust menu development and manage the complexity of our restaurant operations;


 

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Our ability to differentiate the McDonald’s experience in a way that balances consumer value with margin expansion, particularly in markets where pricing or cost pressures are significant or have been exacerbated by the current challenging economic and operating environment;

 

 

The impact of pricing, marketing and promotional plans on sales and margins and our ability to adjust these plans to respond quickly to changing economic conditions;

 

 

The impact of events such as boycotts or protests, labor strikes and supply chain interruptions (including due to lack of supply or price increases) that can adversely affect us directly or adversely affect the vendors, franchisees and others that are also part of the McDonald’s System and whose performance has a material impact on our results;

 

 

Our ability to recruit and retain qualified local personnel to manage our operations and growth in certain developing markets;

 

 

Our ability to leverage promotional or operating successes in individual markets into other markets in a timely and cost-effective way; and

 

 

The costs and operational risks associated with our increasing reliance on information technology (including our point-of-sale and other in-store technology systems or platforms), such as the need for increasing investments to upgrade and maintain our systems, the potential for system failures or programming errors and the impact on our margins as the use of cashless payments becomes more widespread.

Our results and financial condition are affected by global and local market conditions, which can adversely affect our sales, margins and net income.

Our results of operations are substantially affected not only by global economic conditions, but also by local operating and economic conditions, which can vary substantially by market. Unfavorable conditions can depress sales in a given market or daypart (e.g., breakfast). To mitigate the impact of these conditions, we may take promotional or other actions that adversely affect our margins, limit our operating flexibility or result in charges, restaurant closings or sales of Company-operated restaurants. Some macroeconomic conditions could have an even more wide-ranging and prolonged impact. The current environment has been characterized by weak economies, persistently high unemployment rates and continuing uncertainty in financial and credit markets. These conditions have significantly affected consumer confidence and spending. Moreover, the strength of the current recovery is uncertain in many of our most important markets, and growth in consumer spending generally lags improvement in the broader economy. The key factors that can affect our operations, plans and results in this environment are the following:

 

 

Whether our strategies will permit us to compete effectively and make continued market share gains despite the uncertain economic outlook, while at the same time achieving sales and operating income within our targeted long-term average annual range of growth;

 

 

The effectiveness of our supply chain management, including hedging strategies, to assure reliable and sufficient product supply on favorable terms;

 

The impact of foreign exchange and interest rates, as well as governmental actions to manage national economic matters, including austerity initiatives, credit availability, unemployment and taxation rates, all of which can also affect relative levels of disposable income and discretionary expenditures, such as food away from home;

 

 

The impact on our margins of labor costs given our labor-intensive business model, the long-term trend toward higher wages in both mature and developing markets and any potential impact of union organizing efforts;

 

 

Whether we are able to identify and develop restaurant sites consistent with our plans for net growth of Systemwide restaurants from year to year, and whether new sites are as profitable as expected;

 

 

The challenges and uncertainties associated with operating in developing markets, such as China and Russia, which may entail a relatively higher risk of political instability, economic volatility, crime, corruption and social and ethnic unrest, all of which are exacerbated in many cases by a lack of an independent and experienced judiciary and uncertainties in how local law is applied and enforced, including in areas most relevant to commercial transactions and foreign investment; and

 

 

The nature and timing of decisions about underperforming markets or assets, including decisions that result in impairment charges that reduce our earnings.

Increasing regulatory complexity will continue to affect our operations and results in material ways.

Our legal and regulatory environment worldwide exposes us to complex compliance, litigation and similar risks that affect our operations and results in material ways. In many of our markets, including the United States and Europe, we are subject to increasing regulation, which has increased our cost of doing business. In developing markets, we face the risks associated with new and untested laws and judicial systems. Among the more important regulatory and litigation risks we face and must manage are the following:

 

 

The cost, compliance and other risks associated with the often conflicting and highly prescriptive regulations we face, especially in the United States where inconsistent standards imposed by local, state and federal authorities can adversely affect popular perceptions of our business and increase our exposure to litigation or governmental investigations or proceedings, and the impact of new, potential or changing regulation that affects or restricts elements of our business, particularly those relating to marketing to children, nutritional content and product labeling and safety;

 

 

The impact of nutritional, health and other scientific inquiries and conclusions, which constantly evolve and often have contradictory implications, but nonetheless drive popular opinion, litigation and regulation, including taxation, in ways that could be material to our business;

 

 

The risks and costs of McDonald’s nutritional labeling and other disclosure practices, particularly given differences among applicable legal requirements and practices within the restaurant industry with respect to testing and disclosure, ordinary variations in food preparation among our own restaurants, and


 

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the need to rely on the accuracy and completeness of information obtained from third party suppliers;

 

 

The risks and costs to us, our franchisees and our supply chain of increased focus by U.S. and overseas governmental authorities and non-governmental organizations on environmental matters, such as climate change, the reduction of greenhouse gases and water consumption, including as a result of initiatives that effectively impose a tax on carbon emissions;

 

 

The impact of litigation trends, particularly in our major markets, including class actions, labor and employment claims and landlord/tenant disputes; the relative level of our defense costs, which vary from period to period depending on the number, nature and procedural status of pending proceedings; and the cost and other effects of settlements or judgments, which may require us to make disclosures or take other actions that may affect perceptions of our brand and products;

 

 

Adverse results of pending or future litigation, including litigation challenging the composition of our products, or the appropriateness or accuracy of our marketing or other communication practices;

 

 

The increasing costs and other effects of compliance with U.S. and overseas regulations affecting our workforce and labor practices, including regulations relating to wage and hour practices, immigration, mandatory healthcare benefits and unlawful workplace discrimination;

 

 

The impact of the current economic conditions on unemployment levels and consumer confidence and the effect of initiatives to stimulate economic recovery and to further regulate financial markets on the cost and availability of funding for the Company and its franchisees, inflation and foreign exchange rates;

 

 

Disruptions in our operations or price volatility in a market that can result from governmental actions, such as price, foreign exchange or import-export controls, increased tariffs or government-mandated closure of our or our vendors’ operations, and the cost and disruption of responding to governmental investigations or proceedings, whether or not they have merit;

 

 

The legal and compliance risks associated with information technology, such as the costs of compliance with privacy, consumer protection and other laws, the potential costs associated with alleged security breaches (including the loss of consumer confidence that may result and the risk of criminal penalties or civil liability to consumers or employees whose data is alleged to have been collected or used inappropriately) and potential challenges to the associated intellectual property rights; and

 

 

The impact of changes in financial reporting requirements, accounting principles or practices, including with respect to our critical accounting estimates, changes in tax accounting or tax laws (or authoritative interpretations relating to any of these matters), and the impact of settlements of pending or any future adjustments proposed by the IRS or other taxing authorities in connection with our tax audits, all of which will depend on their timing, nature and scope.

The trading volatility and price of our common stock may be affected by many factors.

Many factors affect the volatility and price of our common stock in addition to our operating results and prospects. The most important of these, some of which are outside our control, are the following:

 

 

The continuing uncertain global economic and market conditions;

 

 

Governmental action or inaction in light of key indicators of economic activity or events that can significantly influence financial markets, particularly in the United States which is the principal trading market for our common stock, and media reports and commentary about economic or other matters, even when the matter in question does not directly relate to our business;

 

 

Changes in financial or tax reporting and accounting principles or practices that materially affect our reported financial condition and results and investor perceptions of our performance;

 

 

Trading activity in our common stock or trading activity in derivative instruments with respect to our common stock or debt securities, which can reflect market commentary (including commentary that may be unreliable or incomplete in some cases) or expectations about our business, our creditworthiness or investor confidence generally; actions by shareholders and others seeking to influence our business strategies; portfolio transactions in our stock by significant shareholders; or trading activity that results from the ordinary course rebalancing of stock indices in which McDonald’s may be included, such as the S&P 500 Index and the Dow Jones Industrial Average;

 

 

The impact of our stock repurchase program, dividend rate or changes in our debt levels on our credit ratings, interest expense, ability to obtain funding on favorable terms or our operating or financial flexibility, especially if lenders impose new operating or financial covenants; and

 

 

The impact on our results of other corporate actions, such as those we may take from time to time as part of our continuous review of our corporate structure in light of business, legal and tax considerations.

Our results can be adversely affected by disruptions or events, such as the impact of severe weather conditions and natural disasters.

Severe weather conditions, natural disasters, terrorist activities, health epidemics or pandemics, or expectations about them, can have an adverse impact on consumer spending and confidence levels or on other factors that affect our results and prospects, such as commodity costs. Our receipt of proceeds under any insurance we maintain with respect to certain of these risks may be delayed or the proceeds may be insufficient to offset our losses fully.

ITEM 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

 

 

None.


 

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ITEM 2. Properties

 

 

The Company owns and leases real estate primarily in connection with its restaurant business. The Company identifies and develops sites that offer convenience to customers and long-term sales and profit potential to the Company. To assess potential, the Company analyzes traffic and walking patterns, census data and other relevant data. The Company’s experience and access to advanced technology aid in evaluating this information. The Company generally owns the land and building or secures long-term leases for restaurant sites, which ensures long-term occupancy rights and helps control related costs. Restaurant profitability for both the Company and franchisees is important; therefore, ongoing efforts are made to control average development costs through construction and design efficiencies, standardization and by leveraging the Company’s global sourcing network. Additional information about the Company’s properties is included in Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations in Part II, Item 7, pages 10 through 27 and in Financial statements and supplementary data in Part II, Item 8, pages 27 through 44 of this Form 10-K.

ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings

 

 

The Company has pending a number of lawsuits that have been filed from time to time in various jurisdictions. These lawsuits cover a broad variety of allegations spanning the Company’s entire business. The following is a brief description of the more significant types of lawsuits. In addition, the Company is subject to various federal, state and local regulations that impact various aspects of its business, as discussed below. While the Company does not believe that any such claims, lawsuits or regulations will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations, unfavorable rulings could occur. Were an unfavorable ruling to occur, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on net income for the period in which the ruling occurs or for future periods.

 

 

Franchising

A substantial number of McDonald’s restaurants are franchised to independent entrepreneurs operating under contractual arrangements with the Company. In the course of the franchise relationship, occasional disputes arise between the Company and its franchisees relating to a broad range of subjects including, but not limited to, quality, service and cleanliness issues, contentions regarding grants or terminations of franchises, delinquent payments of rents and fees, and franchisee claims for additional franchises or rewrites of franchises. Additionally, occasional disputes arise between the Company and individuals who claim they should have been granted a McDonald’s franchise.

 

 

Suppliers

The Company and its affiliates and subsidiaries do not supply food, paper or related items to any McDonald’s restaurants. The Company relies upon numerous independent suppliers that are required to meet and maintain the Company’s high standards and specifications. On occasion, disputes arise between the Company and its suppliers which include, by way of example, compliance with product specifications and the Company’s business relationship with suppliers. In addition, disputes occasionally arise on a number of issues between the Company and individuals or enti-

ties who claim that they should be (or should have been) granted the opportunity to supply products or services to the Company’s restaurants.

 

 

Employees

Hundreds of thousands of people are employed by the Company and in restaurants owned and operated by subsidiaries of the Company. In addition, thousands of people from time to time seek employment in such restaurants. In the ordinary course of business, disputes arise regarding hiring, firing, promotion and pay practices, including wage and hour disputes, alleged discrimination and compliance with employment laws.

 

 

Customers

Restaurants owned by subsidiaries of the Company regularly serve a broad segment of the public. In so doing, disputes arise as to products, service, incidents, advertising, nutritional and other disclosures, as well as other matters common to an extensive restaurant business such as that of the Company.

 

 

Intellectual Property

The Company has registered trademarks and service marks, patents and copyrights, some of which are of material importance to the Company’s business. From time to time, the Company may become involved in litigation to protect its intellectual property and defend against the alleged use of third party intellectual property.

 

 

Government Regulations

Local, state and federal governments have adopted laws and regulations involving various aspects of the restaurant business including, but not limited to, advertising, franchising, health, safety, environment, zoning and employment. The Company strives to comply with all applicable existing statutory and administrative rules and cannot predict the effect on its operations from the issuance of additional requirements in the future.

The following are the Executive Officers of our Company (as of the date of this filing):

Jose Armario, 51, is Group President–McDonald’s Canada and Latin America, a position he has held since February 2008. He previously served as President, McDonald’s Latin America from December 2003 to February 2008 and served as Senior Vice President and International Relationship Partner from July 2001 through November 2003. Mr. Armario has been with the Company for 14 years.

Peter J. Bensen, 48, is Corporate Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, a position he has held since January 2008. From April 2007 through December 2007, he served as Corporate Senior Vice President–Controller. Prior to that time, Mr. Bensen served as Corporate Vice President–Assistant Controller from February 2002 through March 2007. Mr. Bensen has been with the Company for 14 years.

Stephen Easterbrook, 43, is President, McDonald’s Europe, a position he has held since December 2010. From September 2010 through November 2010, he served as Corporate Executive Vice President and Global Chief Brand Officer. From April 2006 to September 2010, he served as Chief Executive Officer of McDonald’s United Kingdom. In addition to this role, he was named President of Europe’s Northern Division in January 2007.


 

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Mr. Easterbrook served as Chief Operating Officer of McDonald’s United Kingdom from July 2005 to April 2006. Mr. Easterbrook has been with the Company for 17 years.

Timothy J. Fenton, 53, is President, McDonald’s Asia/Pacific, Middle East and Africa, a position he has held since January 2005. From May 2003 to January 2005, he served as President, East Division for McDonald’s USA. Prior to that time, he served as Senior Vice President, International Relationship Partner from September 1999 through May 2003. Mr. Fenton has been with the Company for 37 years.

Janice L. Fields, 55, is President, McDonald’s USA, a position she has held since January 2010. She previously served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operations Officer for McDonald’s USA from August 2006 to January 2010, and President, Central Division of McDonald’s USA from May 2003 to August 2006. Ms. Fields has been with the Company for 32 years.

Richard Floersch, 53, is Corporate Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer. Mr. Floersch joined the Company in November 2003. He previously served as Senior Vice President of Human Resources for Kraft Foods from 1998 through 2003. Mr. Floersch has been with the Company for seven years.

Douglas M. Goare, 58, is Corporate Executive Vice President of Supply Chain and Development, a position he has held since February 2011. From June 2007 through November 2010, he served as Corporate Senior Vice President of Supply Chain. In addition to this role, Mr. Goare also became responsible for Development in December 2010 and served as Corporate Senior Vice President of Supply Chain and Development through January 2011. He previously served as U.S. Vice President and General Manager of the Greater Chicago Region from October 2004 through May 2007. Mr. Goare has been with the Company for 33 years.

Kevin L. Newell, 53, is Corporate Executive Vice President and Global Chief Brand Officer, a position he has held since February 2011. From September 2009 through January 2011, he served as U.S. Senior Vice President and Restaurant Support Officer for the West Division. Prior to that time, Mr. Newell served as U.S. Vice President & General Manager of the Greater Southern Region from November 2006 through August 2009. He also

previously served as a Senior Director in the Accelerated Training program from July 2005 through October 2006. Mr. Newell has been with the Company for 21 years.

Kevin M. Ozan, 47, is Corporate Senior Vice President–Controller, a position he has held since February 2008. From May 2007 to January 2008, he served as Corporate Vice President–Assistant Controller. Prior to that time, he served as a Senior Director in the following areas: Investor Relations (May 2006 to April 2007), Chicago Region Finance (August 2004 to April 2006), and Corporate Controller Group (March 2002 to August 2004). Mr. Ozan has been with the Company for 13 years.

Gloria Santona, 60, is Corporate Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, a position she has held since July 2003. From June 2001 to July 2003, she served as Corporate Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary. Ms. Santona has been with the Company for 33 years.

James A. Skinner, 66, is Vice Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, a post to which he was elected in November 2004, and also has served as a Director since that date. He served as Vice Chairman from January 2003 to November 2004. Mr. Skinner has been with the Company for 39 years.

Jeffrey P. Stratton, 55, is Corporate Executive Vice President–Chief Restaurant Officer, a position he has held since January 2005. He previously served as U.S. Executive Vice President, Chief Restaurant Officer from January 2004 to December 2004. Prior to that time, he served as Senior Vice President, Chief Restaurant Officer of McDonald’s USA from May 2002 to January 2004. Mr. Stratton has been with the Company for 37 years.

Donald Thompson, 47, is President and Chief Operating Officer, a position to which he was elected in January 2010. Mr. Thompson was also elected a Director in January 2011. He previously served as President, McDonald’s USA, from August 2006 to January 2010, as Executive Vice President and Chief Operations Officer for McDonald’s USA from January 2005 to August 2006, as Executive Vice President, Restaurant Solutions Group from May 2004 through January 2005, and President, West Division, from October 2001 through May 2004. Mr. Thompson has been with the Company for 20 years.

 

 

 

PART II

 

 

ITEM 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

 

 

The Company’s common stock trades under the symbol MCD and is listed on the New York Stock Exchange in the U.S.

The following table sets forth the common stock price ranges on the New York Stock Exchange and dividends declared per common share:

 

     2010            2009  

Dollars

per share

  High     Low     Dividend            High     Low     Dividend  

Quarter:

             

First

    67.49        61.06        0.55          64.46        50.44        0.50   

Second

    71.84        65.55        0.55          61.01        51.76        0.50   

Third

    76.26        65.31        1.16       59.59        53.88        1.05

Fourth

    80.94        74.40                        64.75        56.03           

Year

    80.94        61.06        2.26                64.75        50.44        2.05   

 

* Includes a $0.55 and $0.50 per share dividend declared and paid in third quarter of 2010 and 2009, respectively, and a $0.61 and $0.55 per share dividend declared in third quarter and paid in fourth quarter of 2010 and 2009, respectively.

The number of shareholders of record and beneficial owners of the Company’s common stock as of January 31, 2011 was estimated to be 1,348,000.

Given the Company’s returns on equity, incremental invested capital and assets, management believes it is prudent to reinvest in the business in markets with acceptable returns and/or opportunity for long-term growth and use excess cash flow to return cash to shareholders through dividends, share repurchases or a combination of both. The Company has paid dividends on common stock for 35 consecutive years through 2010 and has increased the dividend amount at least once every year. As in the past, future dividend amounts will be considered after reviewing profitability expectations and financing needs, and will be declared at the discretion of the Company’s Board of Directors.

 

 

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Issuer purchases of equity securities*

The following table presents information related to repurchases of common stock the Company made during the three months ended December 31, 2010:

 

 

 

Period    Total Number of
Shares Purchased
     Average Price
Paid per Share
     Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans or
Programs(1)
     Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares
that May Yet
Be Purchased Under
the Plans or  Programs(1)
 

October 1-31, 2010

     1,953,567       $ 75.60         1,953,567       $ 7,195,006,000   

November 1-30, 2010

     2,313,820         78.77         2,313,820         7,012,746,000   

December 1-31, 2010

     1,615,658         78.20         1,615,658         6,886,407,000   

Total

     5,883,045       $ 77.56         5,883,045       $ 6,886,407,000   

 

* Subject to applicable law, the Company may repurchase shares directly in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, or pursuant to derivative instruments and plans complying with Rule 10b5-1, among other types of transactions and arrangements.

 

(1)

On September 24, 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program that authorizes the purchase of up to $10 billion of the Company’s outstanding common stock with no specified expiration date.

 

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ITEM 6. Selected Financial Data

 

 

6-Year Summary

 

 

             
Dollars in millions, except per share data    2010     2009     2008     2007     2006     2005  

Company-operated sales

   $ 16,233        15,459        16,561        16,611        15,402        14,018   

Franchised revenues

   $ 7,842        7,286        6,961        6,176        5,493        5,099   

Total revenues

   $ 24,075        22,745        23,522        22,787        20,895        19,117   

Operating income

   $ 7,473 (1)      6,841 (2)      6,443        3,879 (5)      4,433 (8)      3,984   

Income from continuing operations

   $ 4,946 (1)      4,551 (2,3)      4,313 (4)      2,335 (5,6)      2,866 (8)      2,578 (10) 

Net income

   $ 4,946 (1)       4,551 (2,3)       4,313 (4)      2,395 (5,6,7)       3,544 (8,9)       2,602 (10) 

Cash provided by operations

   $ 6,342        5,751        5,917        4,876        4,341        4,337   

Cash used for investing activities

   $ 2,056        1,655        1,625        1,150        1,274        1,818   

Capital expenditures

   $ 2,136        1,952        2,136        1,947        1,742        1,607   

Cash used for (provided by) financing activities

   $ 3,729        4,421        4,115        3,996        5,460        (442

Treasury stock repurchased(11)

   $ 2,648        2,854        3,981        3,949        3,719        1,228   

Common stock cash dividends

   $ 2,408        2,235        1,823        1,766        1,217        842   

Financial position at year end:

            

Total assets

   $ 31,975        30,225        28,462        29,392        28,974        29,989   

Total debt

   $ 11,505        10,578        10,218        9,301        8,408        10,137   

Total shareholders’ equity

   $ 14,634        14,034        13,383        15,280        15,458        15,146   

Shares outstanding in millions

     1,054        1,077        1,115        1,165        1,204        1,263   

Per common share:

            

Income from continuing operations–diluted

   $ 4.58 (1)      4.11 (2,3)      3.76 (4)      1.93 (5,6)      2.29 (8)      2.02 (10) 

Net income–diluted

   $ 4.58 (1)      4.11 (2,3)      3.76 (4)      1.98 (5,6,7)      2.83 (8,9)      2.04 (10) 

Dividends declared

   $ 2.26        2.05        1.63        1.50        1.00        0.67   

Market price at year end

   $ 76.76        62.44        62.19        58.91        44.33        33.72   

Company-operated restaurants

     6,399        6,262        6,502        6,906        8,166        8,173   

Franchised restaurants

     26,338        26,216        25,465        24,471        22,880        22,593   

Total Systemwide restaurants

     32,737        32,478        31,967        31,377        31,046        30,766   

Franchised sales(12)

   $ 61,147        56,928        54,132        46,943        41,380        38,913   

 

(1) Includes net pretax expense due to Impairment and other charges (credits), net of $29.1 million ($24.6 million after tax or $0.02 per share) primarily related to the Company’s share of restaurant closing costs in McDonald’s Japan (a 50%-owned affiliate) partially offset by income primarily related to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction.

 

(2) Includes net pretax income due to Impairment and other charges (credits), net of $61.1 million ($91.4 million after tax or $0.08 per share) primarily related to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction.

 

(3) Includes income of $58.8 million ($0.05 per share) in Gain on sale of investment related to the sale of the Company’s minority ownership interest in Redbox Automated Retail, LLC.

 

(4) Includes income of $109.0 million ($0.09 per share) in Gain on sale of investment from the sale of the Company’s minority ownership interest in U.K.-based Pret A Manger.

 

(5) Includes pretax operating charges of $1.7 billion ($1.32 per share) due to Impairment and other charges (credits), net primarily as a result of the Company’s sale of its businesses in 18 Latin American and Caribbean markets to a developmental licensee.

 

(6) Includes a tax benefit of $316.4 million ($0.26 per share) resulting from the completion of an Internal Revenue Service (IRS) examination of the Company’s 2003-2004 U.S. federal tax returns.

 

(7) Includes income of $60.1 million ($0.05 per share) related to discontinued operations primarily from the sale of the Company’s investment in Boston Market.

 

(8) Includes pretax operating charges of $134 million ($98 million after tax or $0.08 per share) due to Impairment and other charges (credits), net.

 

(9) Includes income of $678 million ($0.54 per share) related to discontinued operations primarily resulting from the disposal of the Company’s investment in Chipotle.

 

(10) Includes a net tax benefit of $73 million ($0.05 per share) comprised of $179 million ($0.14 per share) of income tax benefit resulting from the completion of an IRS examination of the Company’s 2000-2002 U.S. tax returns, partly offset by $106 million ($0.09 per share) of incremental tax expense resulting from the decision to repatriate certain foreign earnings under the Homeland Investment Act (HIA).

 

(11) Represents treasury stock purchases as reflected in Shareholders’ equity.

 

(12) While franchised sales are not recorded as revenues by the Company, management believes they are important in understanding the Company’s financial performance because these sales are the basis on which the Company calculates and records franchised revenues and are indicative of the financial health of the franchisee base.

 

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ITEM 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

 

Overview

DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS

The Company franchises and operates McDonald’s restaurants. Of the 32,737 restaurants in 117 countries at year-end 2010, 26,338 were franchised or licensed (including 19,279 franchised to conventional franchisees, 3,485 licensed to developmental licensees and 3,574 licensed to foreign affiliates (affiliates)—primarily Japan) and 6,399 were operated by the Company. Under our conventional franchise arrangement, franchisees provide a portion of the capital required by initially investing in the equipment, signs, seating and décor of their restaurant businesses, and by reinvesting in the business over time. The Company owns the land and building or secures long-term leases for both Company-operated and conventional franchised restaurant sites. This maintains long-term occupancy rights, helps control related costs and assists in alignment with franchisees. In certain circumstances, the Company participates in reinvestment for conventional franchised restaurants. Under our developmental license arrangement, licensees provide capital for the entire business, including the real estate interest, and the Company has no capital invested. In addition, the Company has an equity investment in a limited number of affiliates that invest in real estate and operate and/or franchise restaurants within a market.

We view ourselves primarily as a franchisor and believe franchising is important to delivering great, locally-relevant customer experiences and driving profitability. However, directly operating restaurants is paramount to being a credible franchisor and is essential to providing Company personnel with restaurant operations experience. In our Company-operated restaurants, and in collaboration with franchisees, we further develop and refine operating standards, marketing concepts and product and pricing strategies, so that only those that we believe are most beneficial are introduced in the restaurants. We continually review, and as appropriate adjust, our mix of Company-operated and franchised (conventional franchised, developmental licensed and foreign affiliated) restaurants to help optimize overall performance.

The Company’s revenues consist of sales by Company-operated restaurants and fees from restaurants operated by franchisees. Revenues from conventional franchised restaurants include rent and royalties based on a percent of sales along with minimum rent payments, and initial fees. Revenues from restaurants licensed to affiliates and developmental licensees include a royalty based on a percent of sales, and generally include initial fees. Fees vary by type of site, amount of Company investment, if any, and local business conditions. These fees, along with occupancy and operating rights, are stipulated in franchise/license agreements that generally have 20-year terms.

The business is managed as distinct geographic segments. Significant reportable segments include the United States (U.S.), Europe, and Asia/Pacific, Middle East and Africa (APMEA). In addition, throughout this report we present “Other Countries & Corporate” that includes operations in Canada and Latin America, as well as Corporate activities. The U.S., Europe and APMEA segments account for 34%, 40% and 21% of total revenues, respectively. The United Kingdom (U.K.), France and Germany,

collectively, account for over 50% of Europe’s revenues; and China, Australia and Japan (a 50%-owned affiliate accounted for under the equity method), collectively, account for over 50% of APMEA’s revenues. These six markets along with the U.S. and Canada are referred to as “major markets” throughout this report and comprise approximately 70% of total revenues.

The Company continues to focus its management and financial resources on the McDonald’s restaurant business as we believe significant opportunities remain for long-term growth. Accordingly, in 2009, the Company sold its minority ownership interest in Redbox Automated Retail, LLC (Redbox) for total consideration of $140 million. In 2008, the Company sold its minority ownership interest in U.K.-based Pret A Manger for cash proceeds of $229 million. In connection with both sales, the Company recognized nonoperating gains.

In analyzing business trends, management considers a variety of performance and financial measures, including comparable sales and comparable guest count growth, Systemwide sales growth and returns.

 

 

Constant currency results exclude the effects of foreign currency translation and are calculated by translating current year results at prior year average exchange rates. Management reviews and analyzes business results in constant currencies and bases certain incentive compensation plans on these results because we believe this better represents the Company’s underlying business trends.

 

 

Comparable sales and comparable guest counts are key performance indicators used within the retail industry and are indicative of acceptance of the Company’s initiatives as well as local economic and consumer trends. Increases or decreases in comparable sales and comparable guest counts represent the percent change in sales and transactions, respectively, from the same period in the prior year for all restaurants in operation at least thirteen months, including those temporarily closed. Some of the reasons restaurants may be temporarily closed include reimaging or remodeling, rebuilding, road construction and natural disasters. Comparable sales exclude the impact of currency translation. McDonald’s reports on a calendar basis and therefore the comparability of the same month, quarter and year with the corresponding period of the prior year will be impacted by the mix of days. The number of weekdays and weekend days in a given timeframe can have a positive or negative impact on comparable sales and guest counts. The Company refers to these impacts as calendar shift/trading day adjustments. In addition, the timing of holidays can impact comparable sales and guest counts. These impacts vary geographically due to consumer spending patterns and have the greatest effect on monthly comparable sales and guest counts while the annual impacts are typically minimal. In 2008, there was an incremental full day of sales and guest counts due to leap year.

 

 

Systemwide sales include sales at all restaurants, whether operated by the Company or by franchisees. While franchised sales are not recorded as revenues by the Company, management believes the information is important in understanding the Company’s financial performance because these sales are the basis on which the Company calculates and records franchised revenues and are indicative of the financial health of the franchisee base.


 

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Return on incremental invested capital (ROIIC) is a measure reviewed by management over one-year and three-year time periods to evaluate the overall profitability of the business units, the effectiveness of capital deployed and the future allocation of capital. The return is calculated by dividing the change in operating income plus depreciation and amortization (numerator) by the adjusted cash used for investing activities (denominator), primarily capital expenditures. The calculation uses a constant average foreign exchange rate over the periods included in the calculation.

STRATEGIC DIRECTION AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE

The strength of the alignment among the Company, its franchisees and suppliers (collectively referred to as the System) has been key to McDonald’s success. This business model enables McDonald’s to deliver consistent, locally-relevant restaurant experiences to customers and be an integral part of the communities we serve. In addition, it facilitates our ability to identify, implement and scale innovative ideas that meet customers’ changing needs and preferences.

McDonald’s customer-focused Plan to Win—which concentrates on being better, not just bigger—provides a common framework for our global business yet allows for local adaptation. Through the execution of initiatives surrounding the five elements of our Plan to Win—People, Products, Place, Price and Promotion—we have enhanced the restaurant experience for customers worldwide and grown comparable sales and customer visits in each of the last seven years. This Plan, combined with financial discipline, has delivered strong results for our shareholders.

We have exceeded our long-term, constant currency financial targets of average annual Systemwide sales growth of 3% to 5%; average annual operating income growth of 6% to 7%; and annual returns on incremental invested capital in the high teens every year since the Plan’s implementation in 2003, after adjusting for the loss in 2007 from the Latin America developmental license transaction. Given the size and scope of our global business, we believe these financial targets are realistic and sustainable over time, keeping us focused on making the best decisions for the long-term benefit of our System.

In 2010, we continued to enhance the customer experience by remaining focused on the Company’s key global success factors of branded affordability, menu variety and beverage choice, convenience including daypart expansion, ongoing restaurant reinvestment and operations excellence. Initiatives around these factors successfully resonated with consumers driving increases in sales and customer visits despite challenging economies and a contracting Informal Eating Out (IEO) market in many countries. As a result, every area of the world contributed to 2010 global comparable sales and guest counts, which increased 5.0% and 4.9%, respectively.

Growth in comparable sales is driven by the System’s ability to optimize guest count growth, product mix shifts and menu price changes. Pricing actions reflect local market conditions, with a view to preserving and improving margins, while continuing to drive guest counts and market share gains. In general, the goal is to achieve a balanced contribution of price and guest counts to comparable sales growth.

In the U.S., we grew sales, guest counts, market share and restaurant cash flow, with comparable sales increasing for the 8th consecutive year, rising 3.8% in 2010. These positive results were achieved despite a declining IEO market.

This performance was attributed to several factors including core menu items like Chicken McNuggets and burgers, everyday affordability and value options, such as the Breakfast Dollar Menu, additions to the McCafé beverage line, new snack offerings and limited time offerings such as the McRib sandwich. The national launch of McCafé frappés and real-fruit smoothies provided a meaningful extension to the McCafé line that was well-received by customers. Extending the snack wrap line with the Angus Snack Wraps allowed customers to enjoy popular McDonald’s burgers in a smaller, more portable fashion. Complementing these menu offerings were our convenient locations, efficient drive-thru service and value-oriented local beverage promotions. We broadened our accessibility through greater 24 hour operations and offered customers free Wi-Fi in over 12,000 restaurants. Modernizing the customer experience remained a focus with the extension of our interior and exterior reimaging program to enhance the appearance and functionality of our restaurants.

In Europe, comparable sales rose 4.4%, marking the 7th consecutive year of comparable sales increases. Major contributors were France, the U.K., Russia and Germany. This performance reflected Europe’s strategic priorities of upgrading the customer and employee experience, increasing local relevance, and building brand transparency. Initiatives surrounding these platforms included leveraging our tiered menu featuring everyday affordable prices, menu variety including limited-time offerings, new dessert options, and reimaging almost 1,000 restaurants. We expanded our coffee business and have nearly 1,300 McCafé locations, which in Europe generally represent a separate area inside the restaurant that serves specialty coffees, indulgent desserts and light snacks. The expansion of self-order kiosks in France, Germany and Spain and the roll out of the new drive-thru customer order display system in over 3,000 restaurants enhanced service. In addition, we increased our accessibility and convenience with extended hours. We built upon the momentum of portable menu offerings with the introduction of McWraps—larger sized beef and chicken wraps in Germany, and P’tit Plaisir offerings in France. Finally, we continued building customer trust in our brand through communications that emphasized the quality and origin of McDonald’s food and our sustainable business initiatives.

In APMEA, our momentum continued with nearly every country delivering positive comparable sales, led by Japan, Australia and China. Comparable sales rose 6.0% through strategies emphasizing value, core menu extensions, breakfast and convenience. Australia launched Family Dinner Boxes featuring popular menu items bundled together at a discounted price while China and Japan concentrated on affordability with Value Lunch platforms. New menu items such as a third Angus burger option in Australia and the extension of the Spicy Wings line in China were popular with consumers. Japan executed a successful U.S.-themed burger promotion and a Chicken Festival promotion featuring several products. Our dessert strategy is introducing consumers to the McDonald’s brand with products such as McFlurries and dessert kiosks in China, where we have become one of the largest retailers of ice cream. Our breakfast business continues to develop and is now offered in approximately 75% of APMEA restaurants. In Japan, value breakfast items, including the Sausage McMuffin and McGriddle, were rotated across several months, while Australia launched new breakfast menu items.


 

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Nearly two-thirds of APMEA restaurants are now offering some form of extended hours and over 4,800 restaurants are open 24 hours. Delivery is offered in many APMEA markets and is now in approximately 1,600 restaurants, including nearly 400 in China.

We continue to offer value to our customers by utilizing a strategic menu pricing tool that optimizes price, product mix, and promotions. This approach is complemented by a focus on driving operating efficiencies and effectively managing restaurant-level food and paper costs by leveraging our scale, supply chain infrastructure and risk management practices. Our ability to execute our strategies successfully in every area of the world, grow comparable sales, leverage a low commodity cost environment and control selling, general & administrative expenses resulted in consolidated combined operating margin (operating income as a percent of total revenues) of 31.0% in 2010, an improvement of 0.9 percentage points over 2009.

In 2010, strong global sales and margin performance grew cash from operations, which rose $591 million to $6.3 billion. Our substantial cash flow, strong credit rating and continued access to credit provide us significant flexibility to fund capital expenditures and debt repayments as well as return cash to shareholders. Capital expenditures of approximately $2.1 billion were invested in our business primarily to open and reimage restaurants. Across the System, nearly 1,000 restaurants were opened and nearly 1,800 existing locations were reimaged. We returned $5.1 billion to shareholders consisting of $2.4 billion in dividends and nearly $2.7 billion in share repurchases.

Cash from operations continues to benefit from our heavily franchised business model as the rent and royalty income received from owner/operators provides a very stable revenue stream that has relatively low costs. In addition, the franchise business model is less capital intensive than the Company-owned model. We believe locally-owned and operated restaurants maximize brand performance and are at the core of our competitive advantage, making McDonald’s not just a global brand, but also a locally relevant one.

HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE YEAR INCLUDED:

 

 

Comparable sales grew 5.0% and guest counts rose 4.9%, building on 2009 increases of 3.8% and 1.4%, respectively.

 

 

Revenues increased 6% (5% in constant currencies).

 

 

Company-operated margins improved to 19.6% and franchised margins improved to 82.4%.

 

 

Operating income increased 9% (9% in constant currencies).

 

 

Earnings per share was $4.58, an increase of 11%.

 

 

Cash provided by operations increased $591 million to $6.3 billion.

 

 

The Company increased the quarterly cash dividend per share 11% to $0.61 for the fourth quarter–bringing our current annual dividend rate to $2.44 per share.

 

 

One-year ROIIC was 37.3% and three-year ROIIC was 38.3% for the period ended December 31, 2010 (see reconciliation on Page 25).

 

 

The Company returned $5.1 billion to shareholders through share repurchases and dividends paid.

OUTLOOK FOR 2011

We will continue to drive success in 2011 and beyond by enhancing customer relevance across all elements of our Plan to Win—

People, Products, Place, Price and Promotion. Our global System continues to be energized by our ongoing momentum and significant growth opportunities.

We continue to hold a strong competitive position in the market place, and we intend to further differentiate our brand by striving to become our customers’ favorite place and way to eat and drink. We will continue growing market share by executing our key strategies in the following areas: optimizing our menu, modernizing the customer experience and broadening our accessibility. These efforts will include increasing menu choice, expanding destination beverages and desserts, enhancing our food image, accelerating our interior and exterior reimaging efforts and increasing the level and variety of conveniences provided to our customers. We will execute these priorities to increase McDonald’s brand relevance while continuing to practice operational and financial discipline. Consequently, we are confident we can again meet or exceed our long-term constant currency financial targets.

In the U.S., our 2011 focus will include highlighting core menu classics such as the Big Mac, Quarter Pounder with Cheese and Chicken McNuggets, emphasizing the convenient and affordable food offered every day, and encouraging the trial of new products including Fruit & Maple Oatmeal and additional McCafé beverage offerings. We will continue offering value across the menu through the Dollar Menu at breakfast and the rest of the day. Opportunities around additional staffing at peak hours and increasing restaurants that operate 24 hours per day will broaden accessibility to our customers. In addition, our plans to elevate the brand experience encompass updating our technology infrastructure with a new point-of-sale (POS) system, enhancing restaurant manager and crew retention and productivity, and contemporizing the interiors and exteriors of approximately 600 restaurants through reimaging.

Our business in Europe will continue to be guided by three strategic priorities: increasing local relevance, upgrading the customer and employee experience, and building brand transparency. We will increase our local relevance by complementing our tiered menu with a variety of limited-time food events as well as new snack and dessert options. In 2011, we will reimage approximately 850 restaurants as we progress towards our goal of having 90% of our interiors and over 50% of our exteriors reimaged by the end of 2012. Reimaging reinforces the quality of our brand while further differentiating us from the competition. We will leverage service innovations with the deployment of technologies such as the new POS system, self-order kiosks, hand-held order devices and drive-thru customer order displays to enhance the customer experience and help drive increased transactions and labor efficiency. We believe there is an opportunity to further build brand transparency by raising customer awareness about our food quality and product sourcing. In addition, we will communicate our efforts to preserve the environment through our sustainable business initiatives. Our European business in 2011 faces some headwinds from government-initiated austerity measures being implemented in many countries. While we will closely monitor consumer reactions to these measures, we remain confident that our business model will continue to drive profitable growth.

In APMEA, we will continue our efforts to become our customers’ first choice for eating out by focusing on menu variety, value, restaurant experience and convenience. The markets will continue to execute against a combination of core menu

 

 

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items, food events and limited-time offerings to present a balanced mix of products to our customers. Value will continue to be a key growth driver as we reinforce the affordability of our menu to consumers and build on our successful Value Lunch platforms. We will invest in our business primarily by opening over 600 new restaurants and reimaging over 500 existing restaurants while elevating our focus on service and operations to drive efficiencies. In China, we will continue to build a foundation for long-term growth by increasing our base of restaurants by approximately 15% in 2011 toward our goal of nearly 2,000 restaurants by the end of 2013. Convenience initiatives include expanding delivery service across the region and building on the success of our extended operating hours.

McDonald’s has an ongoing commitment to optimize our restaurant ownership structure. A heavily franchised, less capital-intensive business model has favorable implications for the strength and stability of our cash flow, the amount of capital we invest and long-term returns.

We continue to maintain a strong culture of financial discipline by effectively managing all spending in order to maximize business performance. In making capital allocation decisions, our goal is to elevate the McDonald’s experience by driving sustainable growth in sales and market share while earning strong returns. We remain committed to returning all of our free cash flow (cash from operations less capital expenditures) to shareholders over the long term via dividends and share repurchases.

McDonald’s does not provide specific guidance on diluted earnings per share. The following information is provided to assist in analyzing the Company’s results:

 

 

Changes in Systemwide sales are driven by comparable sales and net restaurant unit expansion. The Company expects net restaurant additions to add approximately 1.5 percentage points to 2011 Systemwide sales growth (in constant currencies), most of which will be due to the 541 net traditional restaurants added in 2010.

 

 

The Company does not generally provide specific guidance on changes in comparable sales. However, as a perspective, assuming no change in cost structure, a 1 percentage point increase in comparable sales for either the U.S. or Europe would increase annual diluted earnings per share by about 3 cents.

 

With about 75% of McDonald’s grocery bill comprised of 10 different commodities, a basket of goods approach is the most comprehensive way to look at the Company’s commodity costs. For the full year 2011, the total basket of goods cost is expected to increase 2-2.5% in the U.S. and to increase 3.5-4.5% in Europe as compared to 2010. Some volatility may be experienced between quarters in the normal course of business.

 

 

The Company expects full-year 2011 selling, general & administrative expenses to decrease 2-3%, in constant currencies, partly due to higher incentive compensation in 2010 based on performance. In addition, fluctuations will be experienced between quarters due to certain items in 2010, such as the Vancouver Winter Olympics in February and the biennial Worldwide Owner/Operator Convention in April.

 

 

Based on current interest and foreign currency exchange rates, the Company expects interest expense for the full year 2011 to increase approximately 7% compared with 2010.

 

 

A significant part of the Company’s operating income is generated outside the U.S., and about 40% of its total debt is denominated in foreign currencies. Accordingly, earnings are affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly the Euro, Australian Dollar, British Pound and Canadian Dollar. Collectively, these currencies represent approximately 65% of the Company’s operating income outside the U.S. If all four of these currencies moved by 10% in the same direction, the Company’s annual diluted earnings per share would change by about 20 cents.

 

 

The Company expects the effective income tax rate for the full year 2011 to be approximately 30% to 32%. Some volatility may be experienced between the quarters resulting in a quarterly tax rate that is outside the annual range.

 

 

The Company expects capital expenditures for 2011 to be approximately $2.5 billion. About half of this amount will be used to open new restaurants. The Company expects to open about 1,100 restaurants including about 400 restaurants in affiliated and developmental licensee markets, such as Japan and Latin America, where the Company does not fund any capital expenditures. The Company expects net additions of about 750 traditional restaurants. The remaining capital will be used for reinvestment in existing restaurants. Over half of this reinvestment will be used to reimage approximately 2,200 locations worldwide, some of which will require no capital investment from the Company.

 

 

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Consolidated Operating Results

 

 

Operating results

 

 

 

     2010            2009            2008  
Dollars in millions, except per share data    Amount     Increase/
(decrease)
            Amount     Increase/
(decrease)
            Amount  

Revenues

                

Sales by Company-operated restaurants

   $ 16,233        5      $ 15,459        (7 )%       $ 16,561   

Revenues from franchised restaurants

     7,842        8                 7,286        5                 6,961   

Total revenues

     24,075        6                 22,745        (3              23,522   

Operating costs and expenses

                

Company-operated restaurant expenses

     13,060        3           12,651        (7        13,653   

Franchised restaurants—occupancy expenses

     1,378        6           1,302        6           1,230   

Selling, general & administrative expenses

     2,333        4           2,234        (5        2,355   

Impairment and other charges (credits), net

     29        nm           (61     nm           6   

Other operating (income) expense, net

     (198     11                 (222     (35              (165

Total operating costs and expenses

     16,602        4                 15,904        (7              17,079   

Operating income

     7,473        9           6,841        6           6,443   

Interest expense

     451        (5        473        (9        523   

Nonoperating (income) expense, net

     22        nm           (24     69           (78

Gain on sale of investment

             nm                 (95     41                 (160

Income before provision for income taxes

     7,000        8                 6,487        5                 6,158   

Provision for income taxes

     2,054        6                 1,936        5                 1,845   

Net income

   $ 4,946        9            $ 4,551        6            $ 4,313   

Earnings per common share—diluted

   $ 4.58        11            $ 4.11        9            $ 3.76   

Weighted-average common shares outstanding—diluted

     1,080.3                         1,107.4                         1,146.0   

nm Not meaningful.

 

IMPACT OF FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION ON REPORTED RESULTS

While changing foreign currencies affect reported results, McDonald’s mitigates exposures, where practical, by financing in local currencies, hedging certain foreign-denominated cash flows, and purchasing goods and services in local currencies.

In 2010, foreign currency translation had a positive impact on consolidated operating results driven by stronger global curren-

cies, primarily the Australian Dollar and Canadian Dollar, partly offset by the weaker Euro. In 2009, foreign currency translation had a negative impact on consolidated operating results, primarily driven by the Euro, British Pound, Russian Ruble, Australian Dollar and Canadian Dollar. In 2008, foreign currency translation had a positive impact on consolidated operating results, driven by the stronger Euro and most other currencies, partly offset by the weaker British Pound.

 

 

Impact of foreign currency translation on reported results

 

                Reported amount                Currency translation benefit/(cost)  
In millions, except per share data    2010        2009        2008                2010        2009        2008  

Revenues

   $ 24,075         $ 22,745         $ 23,522            $ 188         $ (1,340      $ 441   

Company-operated margins

     3,173           2,807           2,908              35           (178        63   

Franchised margins

     6,464           5,985           5,731              (14        (176        120   

Selling, general & administrative expenses

     2,333           2,234           2,355              (12        75           (21

Operating income

     7,473           6,841           6,443              13           (273        163   

Net income

     4,946           4,551           4,313              13           (164        103   

Earnings per common share—diluted

     4.58           4.11           3.76                    0.01           (0.15        0.09   

 

NET INCOME AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE

In 2010, net income and diluted earnings per common share were $4.9 billion and $4.58. Results for the year included after tax charges due to Impairment and other charges (credits), net of $25 million or $0.02 per share, primarily related to the Company’s share of restaurant closing costs in McDonald’s Japan (a 50%-owned affiliate) in conjunction with the first quarter strategic review of the market’s restaurant portfolio, partly offset by

income related to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction. Foreign currency translation had a positive impact of $0.01 per share on diluted earnings per share for the year.

In 2009, net income and diluted earnings per common share were $4.6 billion and $4.11. Results benefited by after tax income due to Impairment and other charges (credits), net of $91 million or $0.08 per share, primarily due to the resolution of

 

 

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certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction. Results also benefited by an after tax gain of $59 million or $0.05 per share due to the sale of the Company’s minority ownership interest in Redbox, reflected in Gain on sale of investment. Results were negatively impacted by $0.15 per share due to the effect of foreign currency translation.

 

In 2008, net income and diluted earnings per common share were $4.3 billion and $3.76. Results benefited by a $109 million or $0.09 per share after tax gain on the sale of the Company’s minority ownership interest in Pret A Manger, reflected in Gain on sale of investment.

The Company repurchased 37.8 million shares of its stock for nearly $2.7 billion in 2010 and 50.3 million shares of its stock for $2.9 billion in 2009, driving reductions of over 2% and 3% of total shares outstanding, respectively, net of stock option exercises.


 

 

 

REVENUES

The Company’s revenues consist of sales by Company-operated restaurants and fees from restaurants operated by franchisees. Revenues from conventional franchised restaurants include rent and royalties based on a percent of sales along with minimum rent payments, and initial fees. Revenues from franchised restaurants that are licensed to affiliates and developmental licensees include a royalty based on a percent of sales, and generally include initial fees.

Over the past three years, the Company has continued to optimize its restaurant ownership mix, cash flow and returns through its refranchising strategy. The shift to a greater percent-

age of franchised restaurants negatively impacted consolidated revenues as Company-operated sales shifted to franchised sales, where the Company receives rent and/or royalties based on a percent of sales.

In 2010, constant currency revenue growth was driven by positive comparable sales. The impact of refranchising on consolidated revenues lessened because the number of Company-operated restaurants sold to franchisees has declined compared with 2009 and 2008, in line with our overall strategy. In 2009, constant currency revenue growth was driven by positive comparable sales and expansion, partly offset by the impact of refranchising in certain of the Company’s major markets.


Revenues

 

 

 

     Amount             Increase/(decrease)            Increase/(decrease)
excluding currency
translation
 
Dollars in millions    2010        2009        2008              2010      2009             2010      2009  

Company-operated sales:

                             

U.S.

   $ 4,229         $ 4,295         $ 4,636            (2 )%       (7 )%         (2 )%       (7 )% 

Europe

     6,932           6,721           7,424            3         (9        5         3   

APMEA

     4,297           3,714           3,660            16         1           9         5   

Other Countries & Corporate

     775           729           841                  6         (13              (3      (7

Total

   $ 16,233         $ 15,459         $ 16,561                  5      (7 )%               4      0

Franchised revenues:

                             

U.S.

   $ 3,883         $ 3,649         $ 3,442            6      6        6      6

Europe

     2,637           2,553           2,499            3         2           8         10   

APMEA

     769           623           571            23         9           11         12   

Other Countries & Corporate

     553           461           449                  20         3                 16         9   

Total

   $ 7,842         $ 7,286         $ 6,961                  8      5              8      8

Total revenues:

                             

U.S.

   $ 8,112         $ 7,944         $ 8,078            2      (2 )%         2      (2 )% 

Europe

     9,569           9,274           9,923            3         (7        6         5   

APMEA

     5,066           4,337           4,231            17         3           9         6   

Other Countries & Corporate

     1,328           1,190           1,290                  12         (8              4         (2

Total

   $ 24,075         $ 22,745         $ 23,522                  6      (3 )%               5      2

 

In the U.S., revenues in 2010 and 2009 were positively impacted by the ongoing appeal of our iconic core products and the success of new products, as well as continued focus on everyday value and convenience. New products introduced in 2010 included McCafé frappés and smoothies as well as the Angus Snack Wraps, while new products introduced in 2009 included McCafé premium coffees and the Angus Third Pounder. Refranchising activity negatively impacted revenue growth in both years.

Europe’s constant currency increases in revenues in 2010 and 2009 were primarily driven by comparable sales increases in

the U.K., France and Russia (which is entirely Company-operated) as well as expansion in Russia. These increases were partly offset by the impact of refranchising activity, primarily in the U.K. in 2010 and the U.K. and Germany in 2009.

In APMEA, the constant currency increase in revenues in 2010 was primarily driven by comparable sales increases in China, Australia and most other markets. The 2009 increase was primarily driven by comparable sales increases in Australia and most other Asian markets, partly offset by negative comparable sales in China. In addition, expansion in China contributed to the increases in both years.


 

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The following tables present comparable sales and Systemwide sales increases/(decreases):

 

Comparable sales increases

 

      2010     2009      2008  

U.S.

     3.8     2.6      4.0

Europe

     4.4        5.2         8.5   

APMEA

     6.0        3.4         9.0   

Other Countries & Corporate

     11.3        5.5         13.0   

Total

     5.0     3.8      6.9

On a consolidated basis, comparable guest counts increased 4.9%, 1.4% and 3.1% in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Systemwide sales increases/(decreases)

 

                            Excluding currency
translation
 
      2010     2009             2010     2009  

U.S.

     4     3 %           4     3

Europe

     3        (2        7        7   

APMEA

     15        8           7        7   

Other Countries & Corporate

     13                         13        7   

Total

     7     2              6     6

 

Franchised sales are not recorded as revenues by the Company, but are the basis on which the Company calculates and records franchised revenues and are indicative of the health of the franchisee base. The following table presents Franchised sales and the related increases:

Franchised Sales

 

      Amount      Increase    

Increase excluding

currency translation

 
Dollars in millions    2010      2009      2008      2010     2009     2010     2009  

U.S.

   $ 28,166       $ 26,737       $ 25,351         5     5     5     5

Europe

     15,049         14,573         14,282         3        2        8        10   

APMEA

     11,373         9,871         8,895         15        11        7        8   

Other Countries & Corporate

     6,559         5,747         5,604         14        3        15        9   

Total

   $ 61,147       $ 56,928       $ 54,132         7     5     7     7

 

RESTAURANT MARGINS

 

 

Franchised margins

Franchised margin dollars represent revenues from franchised restaurants less the Company’s occupancy costs (rent and depreciation) associated with those sites. Franchised margin dollars represented about two-thirds of the combined restaurant margins in 2010, 2009 and 2008. Franchised margin dollars increased $479 million or 8% (8% in constant currencies) in 2010 and $254 million or 4% (7% in constant currencies) in 2009. Positive comparable sales were the primary driver of the constant currency growth in franchise margin dollars in both years. Refranchising activity also contributed to the constant currency growth in franchise margin dollars in 2009 and to a lesser extent in 2010.

Franchised margins

 

In millions    2010     2009     2008  

U.S.

   $ 3,239      $ 3,031      $ 2,867   

Europe

     2,063        1,998        1,965   

APMEA

     686        559        511   

Other Countries & Corporate

     476        397        388   

Total

   $ 6,464      $ 5,985      $ 5,731   
                          
Percent of revenues                      

U.S.

     83.4     83.1     83.3

Europe

     78.2        78.3        78.6   

APMEA

     89.3        89.6        89.6   

Other Countries & Corporate

     86.0        86.1        86.4   

Total

     82.4     82.1     82.3

 

In the U.S., the franchised margin percent increase in 2010 was primarily due to positive comparable sales. The 2009 decrease was due to additional depreciation primarily related to the Company’s investment in the beverage initiative, partly offset by positive comparable sales.

Europe’s franchised margin percent decreased in 2010 and 2009 as positive comparable sales were more than offset by higher occupancy expenses, the cost of strategic brand and sales building initiatives and the refranchising strategy.

In APMEA, the franchised margin percent decrease in 2010 was primarily driven by foreign currency translation, mostly due to the stronger Australian dollar.

The franchised margin percent in APMEA and Other Countries & Corporate is higher relative to the U.S. and Europe due to a larger proportion of developmental licensed and/or affiliated restaurants where the Company receives royalty income with no corresponding occupancy costs.

 

 

Company-operated margins

Company-operated margin dollars represent sales by Company-operated restaurants less the operating costs of these restaurants. Company-operated margin dollars increased $366 million or 13% (12% in constant currencies) in 2010 and decreased $101 million or 3% (increased 3% in constant currencies) in 2009. Positive comparable sales and lower commodity costs were the primary drivers of the constant currency growth in Company-operated margin dollars and percent in 2010. Positive comparable sales, partly offset by higher commodity costs, drove growth in constant currency Company-operated margin dollars and percent in 2009. In addition, refranchising activity negatively impacted Company-operated margin dollars, but benefited Company-operated margin percent in 2009 and to a lesser extent in 2010.


 

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Company-operated margins

 

In millions    2010     2009     2008  

U.S.

   $ 902      $ 832      $ 856   

Europe

     1,373        1,240        1,340   

APMEA

     764        624        584   

Other Countries & Corporate

     134        111        128   

Total

   $ 3,173      $ 2,807      $ 2,908   
                          
Percent of sales                      

U.S.

     21.3 %      19.4     18.5

Europe

     19.8        18.4        18.0   

APMEA

     17.8        16.8        15.9   

Other Countries & Corporate

     17.2        15.2        15.3   

Total

     19.6 %      18.2     17.6

In the U.S., the Company-operated margin percent increased in 2010 due to lower commodity costs and positive comparable sales, partly offset by higher labor costs. The margin percent increased in 2009 due to positive comparable sales, partly offset by additional depreciation related to the beverage initiative and higher commodity costs. Refranchising had a positive impact on both periods.

Europe’s Company-operated margin percent increased in 2010 primarily due to positive comparable sales and lower commodity costs, partly offset by higher labor costs. The margin percent increased in 2009 primarily due to positive comparable sales, partly offset by higher commodity and labor costs. In 2009, local inflation and the impact of weaker currencies on the cost of certain imported products drove higher costs, primarily in Russia, and negatively impacted the Company-operated margin percent.

In APMEA, the Company-operated margin percent increased in 2010 primarily due to positive comparable sales and lower commodity costs, partly offset by higher occupancy & other costs and increased labor costs. The margin percent increased in 2009 due to positive comparable sales, partly offset by higher labor costs.

 

 

Supplemental information regarding Company-operated restaurants

We continually review our restaurant ownership mix with a goal of improving local relevance, profits and returns. In most cases, franchising is the best way to achieve these goals, but as previously stated, Company-operated restaurants are also important to our success.

We report results for Company-operated restaurants based on their sales, less costs directly incurred by that business including occupancy costs. We report the results for franchised restaurants based on franchised revenues, less associated occupancy costs. For this reason and because we manage our business based on geographic segments and not on the basis of

our ownership structure, we do not specifically allocate selling, general & administrative expenses and other operating (income) expenses to Company-operated or franchised restaurants. Other operating items that relate to the Company-operated restaurants generally include gains/losses on sales of restaurant businesses and write-offs of equipment and leasehold improvements.

We believe the following information about Company-operated restaurants in our most significant markets provides an additional perspective on this business. Management responsible for our Company-operated restaurants in these markets analyzes the Company-operated business on this basis to assess its performance. Management of the Company also considers this information when evaluating restaurant ownership mix, subject to other relevant considerations.

The following table seeks to illustrate the two components of our Company-operated margins. The first of these relates exclusively to restaurant operations, which we refer to as “Store operating margin.” The second relates to the value of our brand and the real estate interest we retain for which we charge rent and royalties. We refer to this component as “Brand/real estate margin.” Both Company-operated and conventional franchised restaurants are charged rent and royalties, although rent and royalties for Company-operated restaurants are eliminated in consolidation. Rent and royalties for both restaurant ownership types are based on a percentage of sales, and the actual rent percentage varies depending on the level of McDonald’s investment in the restaurant. Royalty rates may also vary by market.

As shown in the following table, in disaggregating the components of our Company-operated margins, certain costs with respect to Company-operated restaurants are reflected in Brand/real estate margin. Those costs consist of rent payable by McDonald’s to third parties on leased sites and depreciation for buildings and leasehold improvements and constitute a portion of occupancy & other operating expenses recorded in the Consolidated statement of income. Store operating margins reflect rent and royalty expenses, and those amounts are accounted for as income in calculating Brand/real estate margin.

While we believe that the following information provides a perspective in evaluating our Company-operated business, it is not intended as a measure of our operating performance or as an alternative to operating income or restaurant margins as reported by the Company in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. In particular, as noted previously, we do not allocate selling, general & administrative expenses to our Company-operated business. However, we believe that a range of $40,000 to $50,000 per restaurant, on average, is a typical range of costs to support this business in the U.S. The actual costs in markets outside the U.S. will vary depending on local circumstances and the organizational structure of the market. These costs reflect the indirect services we believe are necessary to provide the appropriate support of the restaurant.


 

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     U.S.            Europe  
Dollars in millions    2010     2009     2008             2010     2009     2008  

As reported

               

Number of Company-operated restaurants at year end

     1,550        1,578        1,782           2,005        2,001        2,024   

Sales by Company-operated restaurants

   $ 4,229      $ 4,295      $ 4,636         $ 6,932      $ 6,721      $ 7,424   

Company-operated margin

   $ 902      $ 832      $ 856               $ 1,373      $ 1,240      $ 1,340   

Store operating margin

               

Company-operated margin

   $ 902      $ 832      $ 856         $ 1,373      $ 1,240      $ 1,340   

Plus:

               

Outside rent expense(1)

     60        65        74           223        222        254   

Depreciation—buildings & leasehold improvements(1)

     65        70        70           105        100        110   

Less:

               

Rent & royalties(2)

     (619     (634     (684              (1,335     (1,306     (1,435

Store operating margin

   $ 408      $ 333      $ 316               $ 366      $ 256      $ 269   

Brand/real estate margin

               

Rent & royalties(2)

   $ 619      $ 634      $ 684         $ 1,335      $ 1,306      $ 1,435   

Less:

               

Outside rent expense(1)

     (60     (65     (74        (223     (222     (254

Depreciation—buildings & leasehold improvements(1)

     (65     (70     (70              (105     (100     (110

Brand/real estate margin

   $ 494      $ 499      $ 540               $ 1,007      $ 984      $ 1,071   

 

(1) Represents certain costs recorded as occupancy & other operating expenses in the Consolidated statement of income – rent payable by McDonald’s to third parties on leased sites and depreciation for buildings and leasehold improvements. This adjustment is made to reflect these occupancy costs in Brand/real estate margin. The relative percentage of sites that are owned versus leased varies by country.

 

(2) Reflects average Company–operated rent and royalties (as a percentage of 2010 sales: U.S. – 14.6% and Europe – 19.3%). This adjustment is made to reflect expense in Store operating margin and income in Brand/real estate margin. Countries within Europe have varying economic profiles and a wide range of rent and royalty rates as a percentage of sales.

 

 

SELLING, GENERAL & ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES

Consolidated selling, general & administrative expenses increased 4% (4% in constant currencies) in 2010 and decreased 5% (2% in constant currencies) in 2009. The Vancouver Winter Olympics in February and the Company’s biennial Worldwide Owner/Operator Convention in April contributed to the increase in 2010. The 2009 expenses decreased partly due to costs in 2008 related to the Beijing Summer Olympics and the Company’s biennial Worldwide Owner/Operator Convention.

Selling, general & administrative expenses

 

      Amount              Increase/(decrease)            

Increase/(decrease)

excluding currency

translation

 
Dollars in millions    2010      2009      2008              2010     2009             2010     2009  

U.S.

   $ 781       $ 751       $ 745            4     1        4     1

Europe

     653         655         714              (8        2     

APMEA

     306         276         300            10        (8        4        (5

Other Countries & Corporate(1)

     593         552         596                  7        (7              5        (7

Total

   $ 2,333       $ 2,234       $ 2,355                  4     (5 )%               4     (2 )% 

 

(1) Included in Other Countries & Corporate are home office support costs in areas such as facilities, finance, human resources, information technology, legal, marketing, restaurant operations, supply chain and training.

Selling, general & administrative expenses as a percent of revenues were 9.7% in 2010 compared with 9.8% in 2009 and 10.0% in 2008. Selling, general & administrative expenses as a percent of Systemwide sales were 3.0% in 2010 compared with 3.1% in 2009 and 3.3% in 2008. Management believes that analyzing selling, general & administrative expenses as a percent of Systemwide sales, as well as revenues, is meaningful because these costs are incurred to support Systemwide restaurants.

 

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IMPAIRMENT AND OTHER CHARGES (CREDITS), NET

The Company recorded impairment and other charges (credits), net of $29 million in 2010, ($61) million in 2009 and $6 million in 2008. Management does not include these items when reviewing business performance trends because we do not believe these items are indicative of expected ongoing results.

Impairment and other charges (credits), net

 

 

 

In millions, except per share data   2010     2009     2008  

Europe

  $ 1      $ 4      $ 6   

APMEA

    49       

Other Countries & Corporate

    (21     (65        

Total

  $ 29      $ (61   $ 6   

After tax(1)

  $ 25      $ (91   $ 4   

Earnings per common share – diluted

  $ 0.02      $ (0.08   $ 0.01   

 

(1) Certain items were not tax effected.

In 2010, the Company recorded expense of $29 million primarily related to its share of restaurant closing costs in McDonald’s Japan in conjunction with the first quarter strategic review of the market’s restaurant portfolio, partly offset by income related to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction.

In 2009, the Company recorded income of $61 million related primarily to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction. The Company also recognized a tax benefit in 2009 in connection with this income, mainly related to the release of a tax valuation allowance.

OTHER OPERATING (INCOME) EXPENSE, NET

Other operating (income) expense, net

 

 

 

In millions    2010      2009      2008  

Gains on sales of restaurant businesses

   $ (79    $ (113    $ (126

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates

     (164      (168      (111

Asset dispositions and other expense

     45         59         72   

Total

   $ (198    $ (222    $ (165

 

 

Gains on sales of restaurant businesses

Gains on sales of restaurant businesses include gains from sales of Company-operated restaurants as well as gains from exercises of purchase options by franchisees with business facilities lease arrangements (arrangements where the Company leases the businesses, including equipment, to franchisees who generally have options to purchase the businesses). The Company’s purchases and sales of businesses with its franchisees are aimed at achieving an optimal ownership mix in each market. Resulting gains or losses are recorded in operating income because the transactions are a recurring part of our business. The Company realized lower gains on sales of restaurant businesses in 2010 compared with 2009 and 2008 primarily as a result of selling less Company-operated restaurants to franchisees.

 

 

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates

Unconsolidated affiliates and partnerships are businesses in which the Company actively participates, but does not control. The Company records equity in earnings from these entities representing McDonald’s share of results. For foreign affiliated markets – primarily Japan – results are reported after interest expense and income taxes. McDonald’s share of results for partnerships in certain consolidated markets such as the U.S. is reported before income taxes. These partnership restaurants are operated under conventional franchise arrangements and, therefore, are classified as conventional franchised restaurants. Results in 2010 reflected a reduction in the number of unconsolidated affiliate restaurants worldwide partly offset by improved operating performance in Japan. Results in 2009 also reflected improved operating performance in Japan and benefited from the stronger Japanese Yen.

 

 

Asset dispositions and other expense

Asset dispositions and other expense consists of gains or losses on excess property and other asset dispositions, provisions for restaurant closings and uncollectible receivables, asset write-offs due to restaurant reinvestment, and other miscellaneous income and expenses.

 

 

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OPERATING INCOME

Operating income

 

 

      Amount             Increase/(decrease)            

Increase/(decrease)

excluding currency

translation

 
Dollars in millions    2010      2009      2008             2010     2009             2010     2009  

U.S.

   $ 3,446       $ 3,232       $ 3,060           7     6        7     6

Europe

     2,797         2,588         2,608           8        (1        12        8   

APMEA

     1,200         989         819           21        21           11        23   

Other Countries & Corporate

     30         32         (44              (6     nm                 (43     nm   

Total

   $ 7,473       $ 6,841       $ 6,443                 9 %      6              9 %      10

 

nm Not meaningful.

In the U.S., 2010 results increased due to higher combined restaurant margin dollars. Results for 2009 increased primarily due to higher franchised margin dollars.

In Europe, results for 2010 and 2009 were driven by stronger operating performance in France, Russia and the U.K.

In APMEA, 2010 results increased due to stronger results in Australia and many other markets. The Company’s share of impairment charges related to restaurant closings in Japan negatively impacted the growth rate by 4 percentage points for the year. Results for 2009 were driven primarily by strong results in Australia and expansion in China.

In Other Countries & Corporate, results for 2010 and 2009 included income of $21 million and $65 million, respectively, primarily related to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction.

 

 

Combined operating margin

Combined operating margin is defined as operating income as a percent of total revenues. Combined operating margin for 2010, 2009 and 2008 was 31.0%, 30.1% and 27.4%, respectively. Impairment and other charges (credits), net negatively impacted the combined operating margin by 0.2 percentage points in 2010, while positively impacting it by 0.3 percentage points in 2009.

INTEREST EXPENSE

Interest expense decreased in 2010 primarily due to lower average interest rates slightly offset by higher average debt balances. Interest expense decreased in 2009 primarily due to lower average interest rates, and to a lesser extent, weaker foreign currencies, partly offset by higher average debt levels.

NONOPERATING (INCOME) EXPENSE, NET

Nonoperating (income) expense, net

 

In millions    2010      2009      2008  

Interest income

   $ (20    $ (19    $ (85

Foreign currency and hedging activity

     (2      (32      (5

Other expense

     44         27         12   

Total

   $ 22       $ (24    $ (78

Interest income consists primarily of interest earned on short-term cash investments. Interest income decreased in 2009 primarily due to lower average interest rates. Foreign currency

and hedging activity primarily relates to net gains or losses on certain hedges that reduce the exposure to variability on certain intercompany foreign currency cash flow streams. Other expense primarily consists of amortization of debt issuance costs and other nonoperating income and expenses.

GAIN ON SALE OF INVESTMENT

In 2009, the Company sold its minority ownership interest in Redbox to Coinstar, Inc., the majority owner, for total consideration of $140 million. As a result of the transaction, the Company recognized a nonoperating pretax gain of $95 million (after tax–$59 million or $0.05 per share).

In 2008, the Company sold its minority ownership interest in U.K.-based Pret A Manger. In connection with the sale, the Company received cash proceeds of $229 million and recognized a nonoperating pretax gain of $160 million (after tax–$109 million or $0.09 per share).

PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES

In 2010, 2009 and 2008, the reported effective income tax rates were 29.3%, 29.8% and 30.0%, respectively.

In 2010, the effective income tax rate decreased due to higher tax benefits related to foreign operations.

In 2009, the effective income tax rate benefited by 0.7 percentage points primarily due to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction.

Consolidated net deferred tax liabilities included tax assets, net of valuation allowance, of $1.6 billion and $1.4 billion in 2010 and 2009, respectively. Substantially all of the net tax assets arose in the U.S. and other profitable markets.

ACCOUNTING CHANGES

 

 

Fair value measurements

In 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued guidance on fair value measurements, codified primarily in the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC). This guidance defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. This guidance does not require any new fair value measurements; rather, it applies to other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements. The provisions of the guidance, as issued, were effective January 1, 2008. However, in February 2008, the FASB deferred the effective date for one year for certain non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial

 

 

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statements on a recurring basis (i.e., at least annually). The Company adopted the required provisions related to debt and derivatives as of January 1, 2008 and adopted the remaining required provisions for non-financial assets and liabilities as of January 1, 2009. The effect of adoption was not significant in either period.

 

 

Variable interest entities and consolidation

In June 2009, the FASB issued amendments to the guidance on variable interest entities and consolidation, codified primarily in the Consolidation Topic of the FASB ASC. This guidance modifies the method for determining whether an entity is a variable interest entity as well as the methods permitted for determining the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. In addition, this guidance requires ongoing reassessments of whether a company is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity and enhanced disclosures related to a company’s involvement with a variable interest entity. The Company adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2010.

On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its business relationships such as those with franchisees, joint venture partners, developmental licensees, suppliers, and advertising cooperatives to identify potential variable interest entities. Generally, these businesses qualify for a scope exception under the consolidation guidance. The Company has concluded that consolidation of any such entities is not appropriate for the periods presented. As a result, the adoption did not have any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Cash Flows

 

 

The Company generates significant cash from its operations and has substantial credit availability and capacity to fund operating and discretionary spending such as capital expenditures, debt repayments, dividends and share repurchases.

Cash provided by operations totaled $6.3 billion and exceeded capital expenditures by $4.2 billion in 2010, while cash provided by operations totaled $5.8 billion and exceeded capital expenditures by $3.8 billion in 2009. In 2010, cash provided by operations increased $591 million or 10% compared with 2009 primarily due to increased operating results. In 2009, cash provided by operations decreased $166 million or 3% compared with 2008 despite increased operating results, primarily due to higher income tax payments, higher noncash income items and the receipt of $143 million in 2008 related to the completion of an IRS examination.

Cash used for investing activities totaled $2.1 billion in 2010, an increase of $401 million compared with 2009. This reflects higher capital expenditures and lower proceeds from sales of investments and restaurant businesses. Cash used for investing activities totaled $1.7 billion in 2009, an increase of $31 million compared with 2008. This reflects lower proceeds from sales of investments, restaurant businesses and property, offset by lower capital expenditures, primarily in the U.S.

Cash used for financing activities totaled $3.7 billion in 2010, a decrease of $692 million compared with 2009, primarily due to higher net debt issuances, higher proceeds from stock option exercises and lower treasury stock purchases, partly offset by an increase in the common stock dividend. Cash used for financing activities totaled $4.4 billion in 2009, an increase of $307 million compared with 2008, primarily due to lower net debt issuances, an increase in the common stock dividend and lower proceeds from stock option exercises, partly offset by lower treasury stock purchases.

As a result of the above activity, the Company’s cash and equivalents balance increased $591 million in 2010 to $2.4 billion, compared with a decrease of $267 million in 2009. In addition to cash and equivalents on hand and cash provided by operations, the Company can meet short-term funding needs through its continued access to commercial paper borrowings and line of credit agreements.

RESTAURANT DEVELOPMENT AND CAPITAL EXPENDITURES

In 2010, the Company opened 957 traditional restaurants and 35 satellite restaurants (small, limited-menu restaurants for which the land and building are generally leased), and closed 406 traditional restaurants and 327 satellite restaurants. Of these closures, there were over 400 in McDonald’s Japan due to the strategic review of the market’s restaurant portfolio. In 2009, the Company opened 824 traditional restaurants and 44 satellite restaurants and closed 215 traditional restaurants and 142 satellite restaurants. The majority of restaurant openings and closings occurred in the major markets in both years. The Company closes restaurants for a variety of reasons, such as existing sales and profit performance or loss of real estate tenure.

Systemwide restaurants at year end(1)

 

 

      2010      2009        2008  

U.S.

     14,027         13,980           13,918   

Europe

     6,969         6,785           6,628   

APMEA

     8,424         8,488           8,255   

Other Countries & Corporate

     3,317         3,225           3,166   

Total

     32,737         32,478           31,967   

 

(1) Includes satellite units at December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 as follows: U.S. – 1,112, 1,155, 1,169; Europe–239, 241, 226; APMEA (primarily Japan)–1,010, 1,263, 1,379; Other Countries & Corporate–470, 464, 447.

Approximately 65% of Company-operated restaurants and about 80% of franchised restaurants were located in the major markets at the end of 2010. About 80% of the restaurants at year-end 2010 were franchised.

Capital expenditures increased $183 million or 9% in 2010 primarily due to higher investment in new restaurants. Capital expenditures decreased $184 million or 9% in 2009 primarily due to fewer restaurant openings, lower reinvestment in existing restaurants in the U.S. and the impact of foreign currency translation. In both years, capital expenditures reflected the Company’s commitment to grow sales at existing restaurants, including reinvestment initiatives such as reimaging in many markets around the world.

Capital expenditures invested in major markets, excluding Japan, represented over 65% of the total in 2010, 2009 and 2008. Japan is accounted for under the equity method, and accordingly its capital expenditures are not included in consolidated amounts.

Capital expenditures

 

In millions    2010        2009        2008  

New restaurants

   $ 968         $ 809         $ 897   

Existing restaurants

     1,089           1,070           1,152   

Other(1)

     78           73           87   

Total capital expenditures

   $ 2,135         $ 1,952         $ 2,136   

Total assets

   $ 31,975         $ 30,225         $ 28,462   

 

(1) Primarily corporate equipment and other office-related expenditures.

 

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New restaurant investments in all years were concentrated in markets with acceptable returns or opportunities for long-term growth. Average development costs vary widely by market depending on the types of restaurants built and the real estate and construction costs within each market. These costs, which include land, buildings and equipment, are managed through the use of optimally sized restaurants, construction and design efficiencies, and leveraging best practices. Although the Company is not responsible for all costs for every restaurant opened, total development costs (consisting of land, buildings and equipment) for new traditional McDonald’s restaurants in the U.S. averaged approximately $2.6 million in 2010.

The Company owned approximately 45% of the land and about 70% of the buildings for restaurants in its consolidated markets at year-end 2010 and 2009.

SHARE REPURCHASES AND DIVIDENDS

In 2010, the Company returned $5.1 billion to shareholders through a combination of shares repurchased and dividends paid.

Shares repurchased and dividends

 

In millions, except per share data    2010        2009        2008  

Number of shares repurchased

     37.8           50.3           69.7   

Shares outstanding at year end

     1,054           1,077           1,115   

Dividends declared per share

   $ 2.26         $ 2.05         $ 1.625   

Dollar amount of shares repurchased

   $ 2,649         $ 2,854         $ 3,981   

Dividends paid

     2,408           2,235           1,823   

Total returned to shareholders

   $ 5,057         $ 5,089         $ 5,804   

In September 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a $10 billion share repurchase program with no specified expiration date. In 2009 and 2010 combined, approximately 45 million shares have been repurchased for $3.1 billion under this program. This program replaced the $10 billion share repurchase program that the Company’s Board of Directors approved in September 2007.

The Company has paid dividends on its common stock for 35 consecutive years and has increased the dividend amount every year. The 2010 full year dividend of $2.26 per share reflects the quarterly dividend paid for each of the first three quarters of $0.55 per share, with an increase to $0.61 per share paid in the fourth quarter. This 11% increase in the quarterly dividend equates to a $2.44 per share annual dividend rate and reflects the Company’s confidence in the ongoing strength and reliability of its cash flow. As in the past, future dividend amounts will be considered after reviewing profitability expectations and financing needs, and will be declared at the discretion of the Company’s Board of Directors.

Financial Position and Capital Resources

 

 

TOTAL ASSETS AND RETURNS

Total assets increased $1.8 billion or 6% in 2010. Excluding the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, total assets increased $1.7 billion in 2010. Over 70% of total assets were in major markets at year-end 2010. Net property and equipment increased $529 million in 2010 and represented

about 70% of total assets at year end. Excluding the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, net property and equipment increased $719 million primarily due to capital expenditures, partly offset by depreciation.

Operating income is used to compute return on average assets, while net income is used to calculate return on average common equity. Month-end balances are used to compute both average assets and average common equity.

Returns on assets and equity

 

      2010     2009     2008  

Return on average assets

     24.7 %     23.4 %     21.8 %

Return on average common equity

     35.3        34.0        30.6   

In 2010, 2009 and 2008, return on average assets and return on average common equity benefited from strong global operating results. Operating income, as reported, does not include interest income; however, cash balances are included in average assets. The inclusion of cash balances in average assets reduced return on average assets by 1.9 percentage points, 2.0 percentage points and 1.9 percentage points in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

FINANCING AND MARKET RISK

The Company generally borrows on a long-term basis and is exposed to the impact of interest rate changes and foreign currency fluctuations. Debt obligations at December 31, 2010 totaled $11.5 billion, compared with $10.6 billion at December 31, 2009. The net increase in 2010 was primarily due to net issuances of $787 million and changes in exchange rates on foreign currency denominated debt of $140 million.

Debt highlights(1)

 

      2010     2009     2008  

Fixed-rate debt as a percent of total debt(2,3)

     66 %     68 %     72

Weighted-average annual interest rate of total debt(3)

     4.3        4.5        5.0   

Foreign currency-denominated debt as a percent of total debt(2)

     41        43        45   

Total debt as a percent of total capitalization (total debt and total shareholders’ equity)(2)

     44        43        43   

Cash provided by operations as a percent of total debt(2)

     55        55        59   

 

(1) All percentages are as of December 31, except for the weighted-average annual interest rate, which is for the year.

 

(2) Based on debt obligations before the effect of fair value hedging adjustments. This effect is excluded as these adjustments have no impact on the obligation at maturity. See Debt financing note to the consolidated financial statements.

 

(3) Includes the effect of interest rate exchange agreements.

Fitch, Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s currently rate, with a stable outlook, the Company’s commercial paper F1, A-1 and P-1, respectively; and its long-term debt A, A and A2, respectively.

Certain of the Company’s debt obligations contain cross-acceleration provisions and restrictions on Company and subsidiary mortgages and the long-term debt of certain subsidiaries. There are no provisions in the Company’s debt obligations that would accelerate repayment of debt as a result of

 

 

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a change in credit ratings or a material adverse change in the Company’s business. Under existing authorization from the Company’s Board of Directors, at December 31, 2010, the Company has $3 billion of authority remaining to borrow funds, including through (i) public or private offering of debt securities; (ii) direct borrowing from banks or other financial institutions; and (iii) other forms of indebtedness. In addition to registered debt securities on a U.S. shelf registration statement and a Global Medium-Term Notes program, the Company has $1.3 billion available under committed line of credit agreements as well as authority to issue commercial paper in the U.S. and Global market (see Debt financing note to the consolidated financial statements). Debt maturing in 2011 is approximately $601 million of long-term corporate debt. In 2011, the Company expects to issue commercial paper and long-term debt to refinance this maturing debt. The Company also has $595 million of foreign currency bank line borrowings outstanding at year-end 2010.

The Company uses major capital markets, bank financings and derivatives to meet its financing requirements and reduce interest expense. The Company manages its debt portfolio in response to changes in interest rates and foreign currency rates by periodically retiring, redeeming and repurchasing debt, terminating exchange agreements and using derivatives. The Company does not use derivatives with a level of complexity or with a risk higher than the exposures to be hedged and does not hold or issue derivatives for trading purposes. All exchange agreements are over-the-counter instruments.

In managing the impact of interest rate changes and foreign currency fluctuations, the Company uses interest rate exchange agreements and finances in the currencies in which assets are denominated. The Company uses foreign currency debt and derivatives to hedge the foreign currency risk associated with certain royalties, intercompany financings and long-term investments in foreign subsidiaries and affiliates. This reduces the impact of fluctuating foreign currencies on cash flows and shareholders’ equity. Total foreign currency-denominated debt was $4.7 billion and $4.5 billion for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. In addition, where practical, the Company’s restaurants purchase goods and services in local currencies resulting in natural hedges. See Summary of significant accounting policies note to the consolidated financial statements related to financial instruments and hedging activities for additional information regarding the accounting impact and use of derivatives.

The Company does not have significant exposure to any individual counterparty and has master agreements that contain netting arrangements. Certain of these agreements also require each party to post collateral if credit ratings fall below, or aggregate exposures exceed, certain contractual limits. At December 31, 2010, neither the Company nor its counterparties were required to post collateral on any derivative position, other than on hedges of certain of the Company’s supplemental benefit plan liabilities where our counterparty was required to post collateral on its liability position.

The Company’s net asset exposure is diversified among a broad basket of currencies. The Company’s largest net asset exposures (defined as foreign currency assets less foreign currency liabilities) at year end were as follows:

Foreign currency net asset exposures

 

 

In millions of U.S. Dollars    2010        2009  

Euro

   $ 5,465         $ 5,151   

Australian Dollars

     2,075           1,460   

Canadian Dollars

     1,123           981   

Russian Ruble

     589           501   

British Pounds Sterling

     547           679   

The Company prepared sensitivity analyses of its financial instruments to determine the impact of hypothetical changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows and the fair value of its financial instruments. The interest rate analysis assumed a one percentage point adverse change in interest rates on all financial instruments, but did not consider the effects of the reduced level of economic activity that could exist in such an environment. The foreign currency rate analysis assumed that each foreign currency rate would change by 10% in the same direction relative to the U.S. Dollar on all financial instruments; however, the analysis did not include the potential impact on revenues, local currency prices or the effect of fluctuating currencies on the Company’s anticipated foreign currency royalties and other payments received in the U.S. Based on the results of these analyses of the Company’s financial instruments, neither a one percentage point adverse change in interest rates from 2010 levels nor a 10% adverse change in foreign currency rates from 2010 levels would materially affect the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or the fair value of its financial instruments.

 

 

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CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS

The Company has long-term contractual obligations primarily in the form of lease obligations (related to both Company-operated and franchised restaurants) and debt obligations. In addition, the Company has long-term revenue and cash flow streams that relate to its franchise arrangements. Cash provided by operations (including cash provided by these franchise arrangements) along with the Company’s borrowing capacity and other sources of cash will be used to satisfy the obligations. The following table summarizes the Company’s contractual obligations and their aggregate maturities as well as future minimum rent payments due to the Company under existing franchise arrangements as of December 31, 2010. See discussions of cash flows and financial position and capital resources as well as the Notes to the consolidated financial statements for further details.

 

      Contractual cash outflows             Contractual cash inflows  
In millions    Operating
leases
     Debt
obligations(1)
             Minimum rent under
franchise arrangements
 

2011

   $   1,200       $        8          $   2,349   

2012

     1,116         2,212            2,289   

2013

     1,034         1,007            2,216   

2014

     926         708            2,120   

2015

     827         675            2,001   

Thereafter

     6,018         6,818                  15,379   

Total

   $ 11,121       $ 11,428                $ 26,354   

 

(1) The maturities reflect reclassifications of short-term obligations to long-term obligations of $1.2 billion, as they are supported by a long-term line of credit agreement expiring in March 2012. Debt obligations do not include $77 million of noncash fair value hedging adjustments or $201 million of accrued interest.

The Company maintains certain supplemental benefit plans that allow participants to (i) make tax-deferred contributions and (ii) receive Company-provided allocations that cannot be made under the qualified benefit plans because of IRS limitations. At December 31, 2010, total liabilities for the supplemental plans were $439 million. In addition, total liabilities for international retirement plans were $153 million and the Company recorded gross unrecognized tax benefits of $573 million.

Other Matters

 

 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based upon the Company’s consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. The preparation of these financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses as well as related disclosures. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates and judgments based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under various assumptions or conditions.

The Company reviews its financial reporting and disclosure practices and accounting policies quarterly to ensure that they provide accurate and transparent information relative to the current economic and business environment. The Company believes that of its significant accounting policies, the following involve a higher degree of judgment and/or complexity:

 

 

Property and equipment

Property and equipment are depreciated or amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives based on management’s estimates of the period over which the assets will generate revenue (not to exceed lease term plus options for leased property). The useful lives are estimated based on historical experience with similar assets, taking into account anticipated technological or other changes. The Company periodically reviews these lives relative to physical factors, economic factors and industry trends. If there are changes in the planned use of property and equipment, or if technological changes occur more rapidly than anticipated, the useful lives assigned to these assets may need to be shortened, resulting in the accelerated recognition of depreciation and amortization expense or write-offs in future periods.

 

 

Share-based compensation

The Company has a share-based compensation plan which authorizes the granting of various equity-based incentives including stock options and restricted stock units (RSUs) to employees and nonemployee directors. The expense for these equity-based incentives is based on their fair value at date of grant and generally amortized over their vesting period.

The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant using a closed-form pricing model. The pricing model requires assumptions, which impact the assumed fair value, including the expected life of the stock option, the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility of the Company’s stock over the expected life and the expected dividend yield. The Company uses historical data to determine these assumptions and if these assumptions change significantly for future grants, share-based compensation expense will fluctuate in future years. The fair value of each RSU granted is equal to the market price of the Company’s stock at date of grant less the present value of expected dividends over the vesting period.

 

 

Long-lived assets impairment review

Long-lived assets (including goodwill) are reviewed for impairment annually in the fourth quarter and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. In assessing the recoverability of the Company’s long-lived assets, the Company considers changes in economic conditions and makes assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors. Estimates of future cash flows are highly subjective judgments based on the Company’s experience and knowledge of its operations. These estimates can be significantly impacted by many factors including changes in global and local business and economic conditions, operating costs, inflation, competition, and consumer and demographic trends. A key assumption impacting estimated future cash flows is the estimated change in comparable sales. If the Company’s estimates or underlying assumptions change in the future, the Company may be required to record impairment

 

 

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charges. Based on the annual goodwill impairment test, conducted in the fourth quarter, the Company does not have any reporting units (defined as each individual country) with goodwill currently at risk of impairment.

 

 

Litigation accruals

From time to time, the Company is subject to proceedings, lawsuits and other claims related to competitors, customers, employees, franchisees, government agencies, intellectual property, shareholders and suppliers. The Company is required to assess the likelihood of any adverse judgments or outcomes to these matters as well as potential ranges of probable losses. A determination of the amount of accrual required, if any, for these contingencies is made after careful analysis of each matter. The required accrual may change in the future due to new developments in each matter or changes in approach such as a change in settlement strategy in dealing with these matters. The Company does not believe that any such matter currently being reviewed will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations.

 

 

Income taxes

The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred assets will not be realized. While the Company has considered future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax strategies, including the sale of appreciated assets, in assessing the need for the valuation allowance, if these estimates and assumptions change in the future, the Company may be required to adjust its valuation allowance. This could result in a charge to, or an increase in, income in the period such determination is made.

In addition, the Company operates within multiple taxing jurisdictions and is subject to audit in these jurisdictions. The Company records accruals for the estimated outcomes of these audits, and the accruals may change in the future due to new developments in each matter. In 2010, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) concluded its field examination of the Company’s U.S. federal income tax returns for 2007 and 2008. As part of this exam, the Company resolved proposed adjustments related to transfer pricing matters that were previously received from the IRS. The tax provision impact associated with the completion of this field examination was not significant. The Company continues to disagree with the IRS’ proposed adjustments related to certain foreign tax credits of about $400 million, excluding interest and potential penalties. The Company continues to believe that these adjustments are not justified, and intends to pursue all available remedies. The Company cannot predict with certainty the timing of resolution; however, the Company does not believe the resolution will have a material impact on its results of operations or cash flows. During 2008, the IRS examination of the Company’s 2005 and 2006 U.S. federal income tax returns was completed. The tax provision impact associated with the completion of this examination was not significant. The IRS

examination of the Company’s 2009 and 2010 U.S. federal income tax returns is expected to begin in 2011.

Deferred U.S. income taxes have not been recorded for temporary differences totaling $11.0 billion related to investments in certain foreign subsidiaries and corporate affiliates. The temporary differences consist primarily of undistributed earnings that are considered permanently invested in operations outside the U.S. If management’s intentions change in the future, deferred taxes may need to be provided.

EFFECTS OF CHANGING PRICES—INFLATION

The Company has demonstrated an ability to manage inflationary cost increases effectively. This ability is because of rapid inventory turnover, the ability to adjust menu prices, cost controls and substantial property holdings, many of which are at fixed costs and partly financed by debt made less expensive by inflation.

RECONCILIATION OF RETURNS ON INCREMENTAL INVESTED CAPITAL

Return on incremental invested capital (ROIIC) is a measure reviewed by management over one-year and three-year time periods to evaluate the overall profitability of the business units, the effectiveness of capital deployed and the future allocation of capital. This measure is calculated using operating income and constant foreign exchange rates to exclude the impact of foreign currency translation. The numerator is the Company’s incremental operating income plus depreciation and amortization from the base period.

The denominator is the weighted-average adjusted cash used for investing activities during the applicable one- or three-year period. Adjusted cash used for investing activities is defined as cash used for investing activities less cash generated from investing activities related to the Boston Market, Latin America developmental license, Pret A Manger and Redbox transactions. The weighted-average adjusted cash used for investing activities is based on a weighting applied on a quarterly basis. These weightings are used to reflect the estimated contribution of each quarter’s investing activities to incremental operating income. For example, fourth quarter 2010 investing activities are weighted less because the assets purchased have only recently been deployed and would have generated little incremental operating income (12.5% of fourth quarter 2010 investing activities are included in the one-year and three-year calculations). In contrast, fourth quarter 2009 is heavily weighted because the assets purchased were deployed more than 12 months ago, and therefore have a full year impact on 2010 operating income, with little or no impact to the base period (87.5% and 100.0% of fourth quarter 2009 investing activities are included in the one-year and three-year calculations, respectively). Management believes that weighting cash used for investing activities provides a more accurate reflection of the relationship between its investments and returns than a simple average.

 

 

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The reconciliations to the most comparable measurements, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., for the numerator and denominator of the one-year and three-year ROIIC are as follows (dollars in millions):

One-year ROIIC Calculation

 

Years ended December 31,    2010      2009     

Incremental

change

 

NUMERATOR:

        

Operating income

   $ 7,473.1       $ 6,841.0       $ 632.1   

Depreciation and amortization

     1,276.2         1,216.2         60.0   

Currency translation(1)

  

     (22.2

Incremental adjusted operating income plus depreciation and amortization (at constant foreign exchange rates)

    

   $ 669.9   

DENOMINATOR:

     

Weighted–average adjusted cash used for investing activities(2)

   

   $ 1,821.1   

Currency translation(1)

  

     (26.5

Weighted–average adjusted cash used for investing activities (at constant foreign exchange rates)

    

   $ 1,794.6   

One-year ROIIC(3)

  

     37.3 % 

 

(1) Represents the effect of foreign currency translation by translating results at an average exchange rate for the periods measured.

 

(2) Represents one-year weighted-average adjusted cash used for investing activities, determined by applying the weightings below to the adjusted cash used for investing activities for each quarter in the two-year period ended December 31, 2010.

 

     Years ended December 31,  
      2009             2010  

Cash used for investing activities

   $ 1,655.3         $ 2,056.0   

Less: Cash generated from investing activities related to Redbox transaction

     (144.9                 

Adjusted cash used for investing activities

   $ 1,800.2               $ 2,056.0   

AS A PERCENT

       

Quarters ended:

       

March 31

     12.5        87.5

June 30

     37.5           62.5   

September 30

     62.5           37.5   

December 31

     87.5                 12.5   

 

(3) The impact of impairment and other charges (credits), net between 2010 and 2009 negatively impacted the one-year ROIIC by 4.3 percentage points.

Three-year ROIIC Calculation

 

Years ended December 31,    2010      2007     

Incremental

change

 

NUMERATOR:

        

Operating income

   $ 7,473.1       $ 3,879.0       $ 3,594.1   

Depreciation and amortization(4)

     1,276.2         1,192.8         83.4   

Latin America developmental license transaction(5 )

        1,665.3         (1,665.3

Currency translation(6 )

                       137.8   

Incremental adjusted operating income plus depreciation and amortization (at constant foreign exchange rates)

    

   $ 2,150.0   

DENOMINATOR:

     

Weighted–average adjusted cash used for investing activities(7 )

   

   $ 5,626.3   

Currency translation(6 )

  

     (17.9

Weighted–average adjusted cash used for investing activities (at constant foreign exchange rates)

    

   $ 5,608.4   

Three-year ROIIC(8 )

   

     38.3

 

(4) Represents depreciation and amortization from continuing operations.

 

(5) Represents impairment charges as a result of the Company’s sale of its businesses in 18 Latin American and Caribbean markets to a developmental licensee.

 

(6) Represents the effect of foreign currency translation by translating results at an average exchange rate for the periods measured.

 

(7) Represents three-year weighted-average adjusted cash used for investing activities, determined by applying the weightings below to the adjusted cash used for investing activities for each quarter in the four-year period ended December 31, 2010.

 

    Years ended December 31,  
     2007     2008     2009     2010  

Cash used for investing activities

  $ 1,150.1      $ 1,624.7      $ 1,655.3      $ 2,056.0   

Less: Cash generated from investing activities related to

  

Boston Market transaction

    (184.3      

Latin America developmental license transaction

    (647.5      

Pret A Manger transaction

      (229.4    

Redbox transaction

                    (144.9        

Adjusted cash used for investing activities

  $ 1,981.9      $ 1,854.1      $ 1,800.2      $ 2,056.0   

AS A PERCENT

       

Quarters ended:

       

March 31

    12.5     100.0     100.0     87.5

June 30

    37.5        100.0        100.0        62.5   

September 30

    62.5        100.0        100.0        37.5   

December 31

    87.5        100.0        100.0        12.5   

 

(8) The impact of impairment and other charges (credits), net between 2010 and 2007 did not impact the three-year ROIIC.
 

 

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RISK FACTORS AND CAUTIONARY STATEMENT ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

This report includes forward-looking statements about our plans and future performance, including those under Outlook for 2011. These statements use such words as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe” and “plan.” They reflect our expectations and speak only as of the date of this report. We do not undertake to update them. Our expectations (or the underlying assumptions) may change or not be realized, and you should not rely unduly on forward-looking statements. We have identified the principal risks and uncertainties that affect our performance elsewhere in this report, and investors are urged to consider these risks and uncertainties when evaluating our historical and expected performance.

ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

 

Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk are included in Part II, Item 7, page 22 of the Form 10-K.

ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 

 

 

Index to consolidated financial statements    Page reference  

Consolidated statement of income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010

     28   

Consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2010 and 2009

     29   

Consolidated statement of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010

     30   

Consolidated statement of shareholders’ equity for each of the three years in the period ended December  31, 2010

     31   

Notes to consolidated financial statements

     32   

Quarterly results (unaudited)

     44   

Management’s assessment of internal control over financial reporting

     45   

Report of independent registered public accounting firm

     46   

Report of independent registered public accounting firm on internal control over financial reporting

     47   

 

 

 

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Consolidated Statement of Income

 

 

 

In millions, except per share data    Years ended December 31, 2010     2009      2008  

REVENUES

       

Sales by Company-operated restaurants

     $16,233.3      $ 15,458.5       $ 16,560.9   

Revenues from franchised restaurants

     7,841.3        7,286.2         6,961.5   

Total revenues

     24,074.6        22,744.7         23,522.4   

OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES

       

Company-operated restaurant expenses

       

Food & paper

     5,300.1        5,178.0         5,586.1   

Payroll & employee benefits

     4,121.4        3,965.6         4,300.1   

Occupancy & other operating expenses

     3,638.0        3,507.6         3,766.7   

Franchised restaurants–occupancy expenses

     1,377.8        1,301.7         1,230.3   

Selling, general & administrative expenses

     2,333.3        2,234.2         2,355.5   

Impairment and other charges (credits), net

     29.1        (61.1      6.0   

Other operating (income) expense, net

     (198.2     (222.3      (165.2

Total operating costs and expenses

     16,601.5        15,903.7         17,079.5   

Operating income

     7,473.1        6,841.0         6,442.9   

Interest expense–net of capitalized interest of $12.0, $11.7 and $12.3

     450.9        473.2         522.6   

Nonoperating (income) expense, net

     21.9        (24.3      (77.6

Gain on sale of investment

             (94.9      (160.1

Income before provision for income taxes

     7,000.3        6,487.0         6,158.0   

Provision for income taxes

     2,054.0        1,936.0         1,844.8   

Net income

     $  4,946.3      $ 4,551.0       $ 4,313.2   

Earnings per common share–basic

     $       4.64      $ 4.17       $ 3.83   

Earnings per common share–diluted

     $       4.58      $ 4.11       $ 3.76   

Dividends declared per common share

     $       2.26      $ 2.05       $ 1.625   

Weighted-average shares outstanding–basic

     1,066.0        1,092.2         1,126.6   

Weighted-average shares outstanding–diluted

     1,080.3        1,107.4         1,146.0   

See Notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Consolidated Balance Sheet

 

 

 

In millions, except per share data    December 31, 2010     2009  

ASSETS

    

Current assets

    

Cash and equivalents

     $    2,387.0      $ 1,796.0   

Accounts and notes receivable

     1,179.1        1,060.4   

Inventories, at cost, not in excess of market

     109.9        106.2   

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     692.5        453.7   

Total current assets

     4,368.5        3,416.3   

Other assets

    

Investments in and advances to affiliates

     1,335.3        1,212.7   

Goodwill

     2,586.1        2,425.2   

Miscellaneous

     1,624.7        1,639.2   

Total other assets

     5,546.1        5,277.1   

Property and equipment

    

Property and equipment, at cost

     34,482.4        33,440.5   

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

     (12,421.8     (11,909.0

Net property and equipment

     22,060.6        21,531.5   

Total assets

     $  31,975.2      $ 30,224.9   

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

    

Current liabilities

    

Accounts payable

     $       943.9      $ 636.0   

Income taxes

     111.3        202.4   

Other taxes

     275.6        277.4   

Accrued interest

     200.7        195.8   

Accrued payroll and other liabilities

     1,384.9        1,659.0   

Current maturities of long-term debt

     8.3        18.1   

Total current liabilities

     2,924.7        2,988.7   

Long-term debt

     11,497.0        10,560.3   

Other long-term liabilities

     1,586.9        1,363.1   

Deferred income taxes

     1,332.4        1,278.9   

Shareholders’ equity

    

Preferred stock, no par value; authorized – 165.0 million shares; issued – none

    

Common stock, $.01 par value; authorized – 3.5 billion shares; issued – 1,660.6 million shares

     16.6        16.6   

Additional paid-in capital

     5,196.4        4,853.9   

Retained earnings

     33,811.7        31,270.8   

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     752.9        747.4   

Common stock in treasury, at cost; 607.0 and 583.9 million shares

     (25,143.4     (22,854.8

Total shareholders’ equity

     14,634.2        14,033.9   

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

     $  31,975.2      $ 30,224.9   

See Notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

 

 

 

In millions    Years ended December 31, 2010     2009     2008  

Operating activities

      

Net income

     $  4,946.3      $   4,551.0      $   4,313.2   

Adjustments to reconcile to cash provided by operations

      

Charges and credits:

      

Depreciation and amortization

     1,276.2        1,216.2        1,207.8   

Deferred income taxes

     (75.7     203.0        101.5   

Impairment and other charges (credits), net

     29.1        (61.1     6.0   

Gain on sale of investment

       (94.9     (160.1

Share-based compensation

     83.1        112.9        112.5   

Other

     211.6        (347.1     90.5   

Changes in working capital items:

      

Accounts receivable

     (50.1     (42.0     16.1   

Inventories, prepaid expenses and other current assets

     (50.8     1.0        (11.0

Accounts payable

     (39.8     (2.2     (40.1

Income taxes

     54.9        212.1        195.7   

Other accrued liabilities

     (43.2     2.1        85.1   

Cash provided by operations

     6,341.6        5,751.0        5,917.2   

Investing activities

      

Property and equipment expenditures

     (2,135.5     (1,952.1     (2,135.7

Purchases of restaurant businesses

     (183.4     (145.7     (147.0

Sales of restaurant businesses and property

     377.9        406.0        478.8   

Proceeds on sale of investment

       144.9        229.4   

Other

     (115.0     (108.4     (50.2

Cash used for investing activities

     (2,056.0     (1,655.3     (1,624.7

Financing activities

      

Net short-term borrowings

     3.1        (285.4     266.7   

Long-term financing issuances

     1,931.8        1,169.3        3,477.5   

Long-term financing repayments

     (1,147.5     (664.6     (2,698.5

Treasury stock purchases

     (2,698.5     (2,797.4     (3,919.3

Common stock dividends

     (2,408.1     (2,235.5     (1,823.4

Proceeds from stock option exercises

     463.1        332.1        548.2   

Excess tax benefit on share-based compensation

     128.7        73.6        124.1   

Other

     (1.3     (13.1     (89.8

Cash used for financing activities

     (3,728.7     (4,421.0     (4,114.5

Effect of exchange rates on cash and equivalents

     34.1        57.9        (95.9

Cash and equivalents increase (decrease)

     591.0        (267.4     82.1   

Cash and equivalents at beginning of year

     1,796.0        2,063.4        1,981.3   

Cash and equivalents at end of year

     $  2,387.0      $   1,796.0      $   2,063.4   

Supplemental cash flow disclosures

      

Interest paid

     $     457.9      $      468.7      $      507.8   

Income taxes paid

     1,708.5        1,683.5        1,294.7   

See Notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Consolidated Statement of Shareholders’ Equity

 

 

 

In millions, except per share data

 

Common stock

issued

   

Additional
paid-in

capital

   

Retained
earnings

           Accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss)
          Common stock
in treasury
   

Total
shareholders’
equity

 
         

Pensions

    Deferred
hedging
adjustment
    Foreign
currency
translation
            
  Shares     Amount                   Shares     Amount    

Balance at December 31, 2007

    1,660.6      $ 16.6      $ 4,226.7      $ 26,461.5              $ (37.7   $ 0.7      $ 1,374.4                (495.3   $ (16,762.4   $ 15,279.8   

Net income

                            4,313.2                                                                4,313.2   

Translation adjustments (including tax benefits of $190.4)

                                                            (1,223.0                             (1,223.0

Adjustments to cash flow hedges (including taxes of $29.9)

                                                    47.3                                        47.3   

Adjustments related to pensions (including tax benefits of $29.4)

                                            (60.4                                             (60.4

Comprehensive income

                                                                                            3,077.1   

Common stock cash dividends ($1.625 per share)

                            (1,823.4                                                             (1,823.4

Treasury stock purchases

                                                                            (69.7     (3,980.9     (3,980.9

Share-based compensation

                    109.6                                                                        109.6   

Stock option exercises and other (including tax benefits of $169.0)

                    263.9        2.6                                                19.7        453.9        720.4   

Balance at December 31, 2008

    1,660.6        16.6        4,600.2        28,953.9                (98.1     48.0        151.4                (545.3     (20,289.4     13,382.6   

Net income

                            4,551.0                                                                4,551.0   

Translation adjustments (including taxes of $47.2)

                                                            714.1                                714.1   

Adjustments to cash flow hedges (including tax benefits of $18.6)

                                                    (31.5                                     (31.5

Adjustments related to pensions (including tax benefits of $25.0)

                                            (36.5                                             (36.5

Comprehensive income

                                                                                            5,197.1   

Common stock cash dividends ($2.05 per share)

                            (2,235.5                                                             (2,235.5

Treasury stock purchases

                                                                            (50.3     (2,854.1     (2,854.1

Share-based compensation

                    112.9                                                                        112.9   

Stock option exercises and other (including tax benefits of $93.3)

                    140.8        1.4                                                11.7        288.7        430.9   

Balance at December 31, 2009

    1,660.6        16.6        4,853.9        31,270.8                (134.6     16.5        865.5                (583.9     (22,854.8     14,033.9   

Net income

                            4,946.3                                                                4,946.3   

Translation adjustments (including tax benefits of $52.2)

                                                            (3.0                             (3.0

Adjustments to cash flow hedges (including tax benefits of $1.1)

                                                    (1.5                                     (1.5

Adjustments related to pensions (including taxes of $3.5)

                                            10.0                                                10.0   

Comprehensive income

                                                                                            4.951.8   

Common stock cash dividends ($2.26 per share)

                            (2,408.1                                                             (2,408.1 ) 

Treasury stock purchases

                                                                            (37.8     (2,648.5     (2,648.5

Share-based compensation

                    83.1                                                                        83.1   

Stock option exercises and other (including tax benefits of $146.1)

                    259.4        2.7                                                14.7        359.9        622.0   

Balance at December 31, 2010

    1,660.6      $ 16.6      $ 5,196.4      $ 33,811.7              $ (124.6   $ 15.0      $ 862.5                (607.0   $ (25,143.4   $ 14,634.2   

See Notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

NATURE OF BUSINESS

The Company franchises and operates McDonald’s restaurants in the global restaurant industry. All restaurants are operated either by the Company or by franchisees, including conventional franchisees under franchise arrangements, and foreign affiliates and developmental licensees under license agreements.

The following table presents restaurant information by ownership type:

 

Restaurants at December 31,    2010        2009        2008  

Conventional franchised

     19,279           19,020           18,402   

Developmental licensed

     3,485           3,160           2,926   

Foreign affiliated

     3,574           4,036           4,137   

Franchised

     26,338           26,216           25,465   

Company-operated

     6,399           6,262           6,502   

Systemwide restaurants

     32,737           32,478           31,967   

CONSOLIDATION

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. Investments in affiliates owned 50% or less (primarily McDonald’s Japan) are accounted for by the equity method.

In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued amendments to the guidance on variable interest entities and consolidation, codified primarily in the Consolidation Topic of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC). This guidance modifies the method for determining whether an entity is a variable interest entity as well as the methods permitted for determining the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. In addition, this guidance requires ongoing reassessments of whether a company is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity and enhanced disclosures related to a company’s involvement with a variable interest entity. The Company adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2010.

On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its business relationships such as those with franchisees, joint venture partners, developmental licensees, suppliers, and advertising cooperatives to identify potential variable interest entities. Generally, these businesses qualify for a scope exception under the consolidation guidance. The Company has concluded that consolidation of any such entity is not appropriate for the periods presented. As a result, the adoption did not have any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

ESTIMATES IN FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

REVENUE RECOGNITION

The Company’s revenues consist of sales by Company-operated restaurants and fees from franchised restaurants operated by conventional franchisees, developmental licensees and foreign affiliates.

Sales by Company-operated restaurants are recognized on a cash basis. The Company presents sales net of sales tax and other sales-related taxes. Revenues from conventional franchised restaurants include rent and royalties based on a percent of sales with minimum rent payments, and initial fees. Revenues from restaurants licensed to foreign affiliates and developmental licensees include a royalty based on a percent of sales, and may include initial fees. Continuing rent and royalties are recognized in the period earned. Initial fees are recognized upon opening of a restaurant or granting of a new franchise term, which is when the Company has performed substantially all initial services required by the franchise arrangement.

FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION

Generally, the functional currency of operations outside the U.S. is the respective local currency.

ADVERTISING COSTS

Advertising costs included in operating expenses of Company-operated restaurants primarily consist of contributions to advertising cooperatives and were (in millions): 2010–$687.0; 2009–$650.8; 2008–$703.4. Production costs for radio and television advertising are expensed when the commercials are initially aired. These production costs, primarily in the U.S., as well as other marketing-related expenses included in selling, general & administrative expenses were (in millions): 2010–$94.5; 2009–$94.7; 2008–$79.2. In addition, significant advertising costs are incurred by franchisees through contributions to advertising cooperatives in individual markets.

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

Share-based compensation includes the portion vesting of all share-based payments granted based on the grant date fair

value.

Share-based compensation expense and the effect on diluted earnings per common share were as follows:

 

In millions, except per share data   2010     2009     2008  

Share-based compensation expense

  $ 83.1      $ 112.9      $ 112.5   

After tax

  $ 56.2      $ 76.1      $ 75.1   

Earnings per common share-diluted

  $ 0.05      $ 0.07      $ 0.07   

Compensation expense related to share-based awards is generally amortized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period in selling, general & administrative expenses in the Consolidated statement of income. As of December 31, 2010, there was $90.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.0 years.

The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant using a closed-form pricing model. The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used in the option pricing model for the 2010, 2009 and 2008 stock option grants. The expected life of the options represents the period of time the options are expected to be outstanding and is based on historical trends. Expected stock price volatility is generally based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock for a period approximating the expected life. The expected dividend yield is based on the Company’s most recent annual dividend payout. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant with a term equal to the expected life.


 

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Weighted-average assumptions

 

 

      2010     2009     2008     

Expected dividend yield

     3.5     3.2     2.6%   

Expected stock price volatility

     22.1     24.4     24.9%   

Risk-free interest rate

     2.8     2.0     3.0%   

Expected life of options In years

     6.2        6.2        6.2      

Fair value per option granted

   $ 9.90      $ 9.66      $ 11.85      

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment are stated at cost, with depreciation and amortization provided using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives: buildings–up to 40 years; leasehold improvements–the lesser of useful lives of assets or lease terms, which generally include option periods; and equipment–three to 12 years.

 

 

 

 

GOODWILL

Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the net tangible assets and identifiable intangible assets of acquired restaurant businesses. The Company’s goodwill primarily results from purchases of McDonald’s restaurants from franchisees and ownership increases in subsidiaries or affiliates, and it is generally assigned to the reporting unit expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. If a Company-operated restaurant is sold within 24 months of acquisition, the goodwill associated with the acquisition is written off in its entirety. If a restaurant is sold beyond 24 months from the acquisition, the amount of goodwill written off is based on the relative fair value of the business sold compared to the reporting unit (defined as each individual country).

The Company conducts goodwill impairment testing in the fourth quarter of each year or whenever an indicator of impairment exists. If an indicator of impairment exists (e.g., estimated earnings multiple value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value), the goodwill impairment test compares the fair value of a reporting unit, generally based on discounted future cash flows, with its carrying amount including goodwill. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is measured as the difference between the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill and the carrying amount of goodwill. Historically, goodwill impairment has not significantly impacted the consolidated financial statements.

The following table presents the 2010 activity in goodwill by segment:

 

 

 

In millions    U.S.      Europe     APMEA(1)      Other Countries
& Corporate(2)
     Consolidated  

Balance at December 31, 2009

   $ 1,151.6       $ 790.7        $346.4         $136.5         $2,425.2   

Net restaurant purchases (sales)

     60.4         23.0        2.2         48.5         134.1   

Acquisition of subsidiaries/affiliates

             9.7         9.7   

Currency translation

              (28.2     36.4         8.9         17.1   

Balance at December 31, 2010

   $ 1,212.0       $ 785.5        $385.0         $203.6         $2,586.1   

 

(1) APMEA represents Asia/Pacific, Middle East and Africa.

 

(2) Other Countries & Corporate represents Canada, Latin America and Corporate.

 

LONG-LIVED ASSETS

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment annually in the fourth quarter and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. For purposes of annually reviewing McDonald’s restaurant assets for potential impairment, assets are initially grouped together at a television market level in the U.S. and at a country level for each of the international markets. The Company manages its restaurants as a group or portfolio with significant common costs and promotional activities; as such, an individual restaurant’s cash flows are not generally independent of the cash flows of others in a market. If an indicator of impairment (e.g., negative operating cash flows for the most recent trailing 24-month period) exists for any grouping of assets, an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows produced by each individual restaurant within the asset grouping is compared to its carrying value. If an individual restaurant is determined to be impaired, the loss is measured by the excess of the carrying amount of the restaurant over its fair value as determined by an estimate of discounted future cash flows.

Losses on assets held for disposal are recognized when management and the Board of Directors, as required, have approved and committed to a plan to dispose of the assets, the assets are available for disposal, the disposal is probable of occurring within 12 months, and the net sales proceeds are expected to be less than its net book value, among other factors. Generally, such losses relate to restaurants that have closed and

ceased operations as well as other assets that meet the criteria to be considered “available for sale”.

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis, and certain non-financial assets and liabilities on a nonrecurring basis. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Fair value disclosures are reflected in a three-level hierarchy, maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability on the measurement date. The three levels are defined as follows:

 

 

Level 1 – inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for an identical asset or liability in an active market.

 

 

Level 2 – inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for a similar asset or liability in an active market or model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

 

 

Level 3 – inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement of the asset or liability.

 

 

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Certain of the Company’s derivatives are valued using various pricing models or discounted cash flow analyses that incorporate observable market parameters, such as interest rate yield curves, option volatilities and currency rates, classified as Level 2 within the valuation hierarchy. Derivative valuations incorporate credit risk adjustments that are necessary to reflect the probability of default by the counterparty or the Company.

 

 

Certain Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

The following tables present financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis by the valuation hierarchy as defined in the fair value guidance:

 

December 31, 2010  
In millions    Level 1     Level 2     Level 3      Carrying
Value
 

Cash equivalents

   $ 722.5           $ 722.5  

Investments

     131.6 *          131.6  

Derivative receivables

     104.4 *   $ 88.5                 192.9  

Total assets at fair
value

   $ 958.5      $ 88.5               $ 1,047.0  

Derivative payables

           $  (8.4            $    (8.4

Total liabilities at fair value

           $  (8.4            $    (8.4

 

December 31, 2009  
In millions    Level 1     Level 2     Level 3      Carrying
Value
 

Cash equivalents

   $ 455.8           $ 455.8   

Investments

     115.7 *          115.7   

Derivative receivables

     79.6 *   $ 94.5                 174.1   

Total assets at fair
value

   $ 651.1      $ 94.5               $ 745.6   

Derivative payables

           $  (7.0            $    (7.0

Total liabilities at fair value

           $  (7.0            $    (7.0

 

* Includes long-term investments and derivatives that hedge market driven changes in liabilities associated with the Company’s supplemental benefit plans.

 

 

Non-Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, the assets and liabilities are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis, but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (e.g., when there is evidence of impairment). At December 31, 2010, no material fair value adjustments or fair value measurements were required for non-financial assets or liabilities.

 

 

Certain Financial Assets and Liabilities not Measured at Fair Value

At December 31, 2010, the fair value of the Company’s debt obligations was estimated at $12.5 billion, compared to a carrying amount of $11.5 billion. This fair value was estimated using various pricing models or discounted cash flow analyses that incorporated quoted market prices and are similar to Level 2

inputs within the valuation hierarchy. The carrying amount for both cash equivalents and notes receivable approximate fair value.

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

The Company is exposed to global market risks, including the effect of changes in interest rates and foreign currency fluctuations. The Company uses foreign currency denominated debt and derivative instruments to mitigate the impact of these changes. The Company does not use derivatives with a level of complexity or with a risk higher than the exposures to be hedged and does not hold or issue derivatives for trading purposes.

The Company documents its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking hedging transactions, as well as all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items. The Company’s derivatives that are designated as hedging instruments consist mainly of interest rate exchange agreements, forward foreign currency exchange agreements and foreign currency options. Interest rate exchange agreements are entered into to manage the interest rate risk associated with the Company’s fixed and floating-rate borrowings. Forward foreign currency exchange agreements and foreign currency options are entered into to mitigate the risk that forecasted foreign currency cash flows (such as royalties denominated in foreign currencies) will be adversely affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Certain foreign currency denominated debt is used, in part, to protect the value of the Company’s investments in certain foreign subsidiaries and affiliates from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

The Company also enters into certain derivatives that are not designated as hedging instruments. The Company has entered into equity derivative contracts to hedge market-driven changes in certain of its supplemental benefit plan liabilities. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recorded in selling, general & administrative expenses together with the changes in the supplemental benefit plan liabilities. In addition, the Company uses forward foreign currency exchange agreements and foreign currency exchange agreements to mitigate the change in fair value of certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. Since these derivatives are not designated as hedging instruments, the changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recognized immediately in nonoperating (income) expense together with the currency gain or loss from the hedged balance sheet position. A portion of the Company’s foreign currency options (more fully described in the Cash Flow Hedging Strategy section) are undesignated as hedging instruments as the underlying foreign currency royalties are earned.

All derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments are classified as fair value, cash flow or net investment hedges. All derivatives (including those not designated as hedging instruments) are recognized on the Consolidated balance sheet at fair value and classified based on the instruments’ maturity date. Changes in the fair value measurements of the derivative instruments are reflected as adjustments to other comprehensive income (OCI) and/or current earnings.


 

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The following table presents the fair values of derivative instruments included on the Consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2010 and 2009:

 

     Asset Derivatives     Liability Derivatives  
In millions  

Balance Sheet

Classification

           2010     2009           

Balance Sheet

Classification

    2010            2009  

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments

                 

Foreign currency

   
 
Prepaid expenses and
other current assets
  
  
    $ 7.5      $ 13.5         
 
Accrued payroll and
other liabilities
  
  
  $ (4.6     $ (0.1

Interest rate

   
 
Prepaid expenses and
other current assets
  
  
      0.5        1.4             

Foreign currency

   
 
Miscellaneous
other assets
 
  
        5.4             

Interest rate

   
 
Miscellaneous
other assets
 
  
            72.1        67.3               
 
Other long-term
liabilities
  
  
    (0.3             (3.4

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments

                  $ 80.1      $ 87.6                      $ (4.9           $ (3.5

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

                 

Foreign currency

   
 
Prepaid expenses and
other current assets
  
  
    $ 6.0      $ 9.3         
 
Accrued payroll and
other liabilities
  
  
  $ (3.8     $ (5.4

Equity

   
 
Prepaid expenses and
other current assets
  
  
      104.4               

Equity

   
 
Miscellaneous
other assets
  
  
        79.6             

Foreign currency

   
 
Miscellaneous
other assets
  
  
            2.7                       
 
Other long-term
liabilities
  
  
                    (0.5

Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

                  $ 113.1      $ 88.9                      $ (3.8           $ (5.9

Total derivatives1

                  $ 193.2      $ 176.5                      $ (8.7           $ (9.4

 

1 The fair value of derivatives is presented on a gross basis. Accordingly, the 2010 and 2009 total asset and liability fair values do not agree with the values provided in the Fair Value Measurements note, because that disclosure reflects netting adjustments of $0.3 million and $2.4 million.

The following table presents the pretax amounts affecting income and OCI for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively:

 

In millions                                     

Derivatives in

Fair Value

Hedging

Relationships

      
 
 
(Gain) Loss
Recognized in Income
on Derivative
  
  
  
     

 
 
 

Hedged Items in

Fair Value
Hedging
Relationships

  

 
 
  

     
 
 
(Gain) Loss
Recognized in Income on
Related Hedged Items
  
  
  
       2010        2009              2010        2009   

Interest rate

     $ (7.0   $ 17.3          Fixed-rate debt        $ 7.0      $ (17.3

Derivatives in

Cash Flow

Hedging

Relationships

      
 
 
 
(Gain) Loss
Recognized in Accumulated
OCI on Derivative
(Effective Portion)
  
  
  
  
     

 
 
 

(Gain) Loss            

Reclassified from        
Accumulated OCI into    
Income  (Effective Portion)

  

  
  
  

     

 
 
 
 

(Gain) Loss

Recognized in Income on
Derivative (Amount Excluded
from Effectiveness Testing and
Ineffective Portion)

  

  
  
  
  

       2010        2009                                   2010        2009          2010        2009   

Foreign currency

     $ (11.2   $ 3.4          $(13.4   $ (48.3     $ 25.1     $ 27.0   

Interest rate(1)

                 (2.1         (0.9 )      (2.1         (0.3 )         

Total

       $ (11.2   $ 1.3            $(14.3   $ (50.4       $ 24.8     $ 27.0   
Net Investment Hedging Relationships    

(Gain) Loss

Recognized in Accumulated

OCI on Derivative

(Effective Portion)

   

Derivatives Not

Designated as

Hedging

Instruments

      

 
 

(Gain) Loss

Recognized in Income on
Derivative

  

  
  

    2010   2009            2010        2009   

Foreign currency denominated debt

    $144.3   $51.3    

Foreign currency

     $ (16.4   $ (12.2

Foreign currency derivatives

      4.3        

Equity(2)

         (18.8     (2.4

Total

      $148.6   $51.3    

Total

       $ (35.2   $ (14.6 )

(Gains) losses recognized in income on derivatives are recorded in nonoperating (income) expense unless otherwise noted.

 

(1) The amount of (gain) loss reclassified from accumulated OCI into income is recorded in interest expense.

 

(2) The amount of (gain) loss recognized in income on the derivatives used to hedge the supplemental benefit plan liabilities is recorded in selling, general & administrative expenses.

 

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Fair Value Hedging Strategy

The Company enters into fair value hedges to reduce the exposure to changes in the fair values of certain liabilities. The fair value hedges the Company enters into consist of interest rate exchange agreements which convert a portion of its fixed-rate debt into floating-rate debt. All of the Company’s interest rate exchange agreements meet the shortcut method requirements. Accordingly, changes in the fair values of the interest rate exchange agreements are exactly offset by changes in the fair value of the underlying debt. No ineffectiveness has been recorded to net income related to interest rate exchange agreements designated as fair value hedges for the year ended December 31, 2010. A total of $2.3 billion of the Company’s outstanding fixed-rate debt was effectively converted to floating-rate debt resulting from the use of interest rate exchange agreements.

 

 

Cash Flow Hedging Strategy

The Company enters into cash flow hedges to reduce the exposure to variability in certain expected future cash flows. The types of cash flow hedges the Company enters into include interest rate exchange agreements, forward foreign currency exchange agreements and foreign currency options.

To protect against the reduction in value of forecasted foreign currency cash flows (such as royalties denominated in foreign currencies), the Company uses forward foreign currency exchange agreements and foreign currency options to hedge a portion of anticipated exposures.

When the U.S. dollar strengthens against foreign currencies, the decline in present value of future foreign denominated royalties is offset by gains in the fair value of the forward foreign currency exchange agreements and/or foreign currency options. Conversely, when the U.S. dollar weakens, the increase in the present value of future foreign denominated royalties is offset by losses in the fair value of the forward foreign currency exchange agreements and/or foreign currency options.

Although the fair value changes in the foreign currency options may fluctuate over the period of the contract, the Company’s total loss on a foreign currency option is limited to the upfront premium paid for the contract. However, the potential gains on a foreign currency option are unlimited as the settlement value of the contract is based upon the difference between the exchange rate at inception of the contract and the spot exchange rate at maturity. In limited situations, the Company uses foreign currency option collars, which limit the potential gains and lower the upfront premium paid, to protect against currency movements.

The hedges typically cover the next 12-15 months for certain exposures and are denominated in various currencies. As of December 31, 2010, the Company had derivatives outstanding with an equivalent notional amount of $434.4 million that were used to hedge a portion of forecasted foreign currency denominated royalties.

The Company excludes the time value of foreign currency options, as well as the discount or premium points on forward

foreign currency exchange agreements, from its effectiveness assessment on its cash flow hedges. As a result, changes in the fair value of the derivatives due to these components, as well as the ineffectiveness of the hedges, are recognized in earnings currently. The effective portion of the gains or losses on the derivatives is reported in the deferred hedging adjustment component of OCI in shareholders’ equity and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods in which the hedged transaction affects earnings.

The Company recorded after tax adjustments related to cash flow hedges to the deferred hedging adjustment component of accumulated OCI in shareholders’ equity. The Company recorded a net decrease of $1.5 million and $31.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Based on interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates at December 31, 2010, no significant amount of the $15.0 million in cumulative deferred hedging gains, after tax, at December 31, 2010, will be recognized in earnings over the next 12 months as the underlying hedged transactions are realized.

 

 

Hedge of Net Investment in Foreign Operations Strategy

The Company primarily uses foreign currency denominated debt to hedge its investments in certain foreign subsidiaries and affiliates. Realized and unrealized translation adjustments from these hedges are included in shareholders’ equity in the foreign currency translation component of OCI and offset translation adjustments on the underlying net assets of foreign subsidiaries and affiliates, which also are recorded in OCI. As of December 31, 2010, a total of $3.5 billion of the Company’s outstanding foreign currency denominated debt was designated to hedge investments in certain foreign subsidiaries and affiliates.

 

 

Credit Risk

The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to its hedging instruments. The counterparties to these agreements consist of a diverse group of financial institutions. The Company continually monitors its positions and the credit ratings of its counterparties and adjusts positions as appropriate. The Company did not have significant exposure to any individual counterparty at December 31, 2010 and has master agreements that contain netting arrangements. Some of these agreements also require each party to post collateral if credit ratings fall below, or aggregate exposures exceed, certain contractual limits. At December 31, 2010, neither the Company nor its counterparties were required to post collateral on any derivative position, other than on hedges of certain of the Company’s supplemental benefit plan liabilities where its counterparties were required to post collateral on their liability positions.

INCOME TAX UNCERTAINTIES

The Company, like other multi-national companies, is regularly audited by federal, state and foreign tax authorities, and tax assessments may arise several years after tax returns have been filed. Accordingly, tax liabilities are recorded when, in management’s judgment, a tax position does not meet the more


 

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likely than not threshold for recognition. For tax positions that meet the more likely than not threshold, a tax liability may be recorded depending on management’s assessment of how the tax position will ultimately be settled.

The Company records interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes.

PER COMMON SHARE INFORMATION

Diluted earnings per common share is calculated using net income divided by diluted weighted-average shares. Diluted weighted-average shares include weighted-average shares outstanding plus the dilutive effect of share-based compensation calculated using the treasury stock method, of (in millions of shares): 2010–14.3; 2009–15.2; 2008– 19.4. Stock options that were not included in diluted weighted-average shares because they would have been antidilutive were (in millions of shares): 2010–0.0; 2009–0.7; 2008–0.6.

The Company has elected to exclude the pro forma deferred tax asset associated with share-based compensation in earnings per share.

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

The Company considers short-term, highly liquid investments with an original maturity of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents.

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. There were no subsequent events that required recognition or disclosure.

Property and Equipment

 

 

Net property and equipment consisted of:

 

 

 

In millions   December 31, 2010     2009  

Land

    $   5,200.5      $ 5,048.3   

Buildings and improvements on owned land

    12,399.4        12,119.0   

Buildings and improvements on leased land

    11,732.0        11,347.9   

Equipment, signs and seating

    4,608.5        4,422.9   

Other

    542.0        502.4   
    34,482.4        33,440.5   

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

    (12,421.8 )      (11,909.0

Net property and equipment

    $ 22,060.6      $ 21,531.5   

Depreciation and amortization expense was (in millions): 2010–$1,200.4; 2009–$1,160.8; 2008–$1,161.6.

Impairment and Other Charges (Credits), Net

 

 

 

In millions, except per share data    2010     2009     2008  

Europe

   $ 1.6      $ 4.3      $ 6.0   

APMEA

     48.5        (0.2  

Other Countries & Corporate

     (21.0     (65.2        

Total

   $ 29.1      $ (61.1   $ 6.0   

After tax(1)

   $ 24.6      $ (91.4   $ 3.5   

Earnings per common share—diluted

   $ 0.02      $ (0.08   $ 0.01   

 

(1) Certain items were not tax effected.

In 2010, the Company recorded after tax charges of $39.3 million related to its share of restaurant closing costs in McDonald’s Japan (a 50%-owned affiliate) in conjunction with the first quarter strategic review of the market’s restaurant portfolio. These actions were designed to enhance the brand image, overall profitability and returns of the market. The Company also recorded pretax income of $21.0 million related to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction.

In 2009, the Company recorded pretax income of $65.2 million related primarily to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction. The Company also recognized a tax benefit in 2009 in connection with this income, mainly related to the release of a tax valuation allowance.

Other Operating (Income) Expense, Net

 

 

 

In millions    2010     2009     2008  

Gains on sales of restaurant businesses

   $ (79.4   $ (113.3   $ (126.5

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates

     (164.3     (167.8     (110.7

Asset dispositions and other expense

     45.5        58.8        72.0   

Total

   $ (198.2   $ (222.3   $ (165.2

 

 

Gains on sales of restaurant businesses

Gains on sales of restaurant businesses include gains from sales of Company-operated restaurants as well as gains from exercises of purchase options by franchisees with business facilities lease arrangements (arrangements where the Company leases the businesses, including equipment, to franchisees who generally have options to purchase the businesses). The Company’s purchases and sales of businesses with its franchisees are aimed at achieving an optimal ownership mix in each market. Resulting gains or losses are recorded in operating income because the transactions are a recurring part of our business.

 

 

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates

Unconsolidated affiliates and partnerships are businesses in which the Company actively participates but does not control. The Company records equity in earnings from these entities representing McDonald’s share of results. For foreign affiliated markets – primarily Japan – results are reported after interest

 

 

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expense and income taxes. McDonald’s share of results for partnerships in certain consolidated markets such as the U.S. are reported before income taxes. These partnership restaurants are operated under conventional franchise arrangements and, therefore, are classified as conventional franchised restaurants.

 

 

Asset dispositions and other expense

Asset dispositions and other expense consists of gains or losses on excess property and other asset dispositions, provisions for restaurant closings and uncollectible receivables, asset write-offs due to restaurant reinvestment, and other miscellaneous income and expenses.

Gain on Sale of Investment

 

 

In 2009, the Company sold its minority ownership interest in Redbox Automated Retail, LLC to Coinstar, Inc., the majority owner, for total consideration of $139.8 million. In connection with the sale, in first quarter 2009, the Company received initial consideration valued at $51.6 million consisting of 1.5 million shares of Coinstar common stock at an agreed to value of $41.6 million and $10 million in cash with the balance of the purchase price deferred. In subsequent quarters of 2009, the Company sold all of its holdings in the Coinstar common stock for $46.8 million and received $88.2 million in cash from Coinstar as final consideration. As a result of the transaction, the Company recognized a nonoperating pretax gain of $94.9 million (after tax–$58.8 million or $0.05 per share).

In second quarter 2008, the Company sold its minority ownership interest in U.K.-based Pret A Manger. In connection with the sale, the Company received cash proceeds of $229.4 million and recognized a nonoperating pretax gain of $160.1 million (after tax–$109.0 million or $0.09 per share).

Contingencies

 

 

From time to time, the Company is subject to proceedings, lawsuits and other claims related to competitors, customers, employees, franchisees, government agencies, intellectual property, shareholders and suppliers. The Company is required to assess the likelihood of any adverse judgments or outcomes to these matters as well as potential ranges of probable losses. A determination of the amount of accrual required, if any, for these contingencies is made after careful analysis of each matter. The required accrual may change in the future due to new developments in each matter or changes in approach such as a change in settlement strategy in dealing with these matters.

In connection with the sale in 2007 of its businesses in 18 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean to a developmental licensee organization, the Company agreed to indemnify the buyers for certain tax and other claims, certain of which are reflected on McDonald’s Consolidated balance sheet (2010 and 2009: other long-term liabilities–$49.6 million and $71.8 million, respectively; 2010 and 2009: accrued payroll and other liabilities–$28.4 million and $25.3 million, respectively). The change in the total balance was primarily a result of the resolution of certain of these liabilities.

The Company believes any other matters currently being reviewed will not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operation.

Franchise Arrangements

 

 

Conventional franchise arrangements generally include a lease and a license and provide for payment of initial fees, as well as continuing rent and royalties to the Company based upon a percent of sales with minimum rent payments that parallel the Company’s underlying leases and escalations (on properties that are leased). Under this arrangement, franchisees are granted the right to operate a restaurant using the McDonald’s System and, in most cases, the use of a restaurant facility, generally for a period of 20 years. These franchisees pay related occupancy costs including property taxes, insurance and maintenance. Affiliates and developmental licensees operating under license agreements pay a royalty to the Company based upon a percent of sales, and may pay initial fees.

The results of operations of restaurant businesses purchased and sold in transactions with franchisees were not material either individually or in the aggregate to the consolidated financial statements for periods prior to purchase and sale.

Revenues from franchised restaurants consisted of:

 

 

 

In millions    2010        2009        2008  

Rents

   $ 5,198.4         $ 4,841.0         $ 4,612.8   

Royalties

     2,579.2           2,379.8           2,275.7   

Initial fees

     63.7           65.4           73.0   

Revenues from franchised restaurants

   $ 7,841.3         $ 7,286.2         $ 6,961.5   

Future minimum rent payments due to the Company under existing franchise arrangements are:

 

 

 

In millions    Owned sites        Leased sites        Total  

2011

   $ 1,244.4         $ 1,104.6         $ 2,349.0   

2012

     1,213.7           1,075.6           2,289.3   

2013

     1,177.1           1,038.5           2,215.6   

2014

     1,132.6           986.9           2,119.5   

2015

     1,075.3           926.1           2,001.4   

Thereafter

     8,664.2           6,715.1           15,379.3   

Total minimum payments

   $ 14,507.3         $ 11,846.8         $ 26,354.1   

At December 31, 2010, net property and equipment under franchise arrangements totaled $13.4 billion (including land of $3.9 billion) after deducting accumulated depreciation and amortization of $6.7 billion.

Leasing Arrangements

 

 

At December 31, 2010, the Company was the lessee at 13,957 restaurant locations through ground leases (the Company leases the land and the Company or franchisee owns the building) and through improved leases (the Company leases land and buildings). Lease terms for most restaurants, where market conditions allow, are generally for 20 years and, in many cases, provide for rent escalations and renewal options, with certain leases providing purchase options. Escalation terms vary by geographic segment with examples including fixed-rent escalations, escalations based on an inflation index, and fair-value market adjustments. The timing of these escalations generally ranges from annually to every five years. For most locations, the Company is obligated for the related occupancy costs including

 

 

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property taxes, insurance and maintenance; however, for franchised sites, the Company requires the franchisees to pay these costs. In addition, the Company is the lessee under noncancelable leases covering certain offices and vehicles.

Future minimum payments required under existing operating leases with initial terms of one year or more are:

 

 

 

In millions    Restaurant        Other        Total  

2011

   $ 1,124.1         $ 76.4         $ 1,200.5   

2012

     1,054.7           60.9           1,115.6   

2013

     986.7           47.5           1,034.2   

2014

     885.5           40.4           925.9   

2015

     797.4           29.6           827.0   

Thereafter

     5,823.6           194.5           6,018.1   

Total minimum payments

   $ 10,672.0         $ 449.3         $ 11,121.3   

The following table provides detail of rent expense:

 

 

 

In millions    2010        2009        2008  

Company-operated restaurants:

            

U.S.

   $ 60.4         $ 65.2         $ 73.7   

Outside the U.S.

     545.0           506.9           532.0   

Total

     605.4           572.1           605.7   

Franchised restaurants:

            

U.S.

     409.7           393.9           374.7   

Outside the U.S.

     463.5           431.4           409.4   

Total

     873.2           825.3           784.1   

Other

     98.1           98.9           101.8   

Total rent expense

   $ 1,576.7         $ 1,496.3         $ 1,491.6   

Rent expense included percent rents in excess of minimum rents (in millions) as follows–Company-operated restaurants: 2010–$142.5; 2009–$129.6; 2008–$130.2. Franchised restaurants: 2010–$167.3; 2009–$154.7; 2008–$143.5.

Income Taxes

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes, classified by source of income, was as follows:

 

 

 

In millions    2010      2009      2008  

U.S.

   $ 2,763.0       $ 2,700.4       $ 2,769.4   

Outside the U.S.

     4,237.3         3,786.6         3,388.6   

Income before provision for income taxes

   $ 7,000.3       $ 6,487.0       $ 6,158.0   

The provision for income taxes, classified by the timing and location of payment, was as follows:

 

 

 

In millions    2010     2009      2008  

U.S. federal

   $ 1,127.1      $ 792.0       $ 808.4   

U.S. state

     161.1        152.1         134.7   

Outside the U.S.

     841.5        788.9         800.2   

Current tax provision

     2,129.7        1,733.0         1,743.3   

U.S. federal

     (66.8     186.9         75.6   

U.S. state

     13.8        8.6         28.7   

Outside the U.S.

     (22.7     7.5         (2.8

Deferred tax provision (benefit)

     (75.7     203.0         101.5   

Provision for income taxes

   $ 2,054.0      $ 1,936.0       $ 1,844.8   

Net deferred tax liabilities consisted of:

 

 

 

In millions    December 31, 2010     2009  

Property and equipment

     $  1,655.2      $   1,609.4   

Other

     489.8        419.1   

Total deferred tax liabilities

     2,145.0        2,028.5   

Property and equipment

     (352.4     (287.7

Employee benefit plans

     (356.4     (311.0

Intangible assets

     (268.6     (289.3

Deferred foreign tax credits

     (310.7     (152.8

Capital loss carryforwards

     (37.5     (50.9

Operating loss carryforwards

     (56.8     (65.7

Indemnification liabilities

     (36.5     (43.5

Other

     (284.0     (334.3

Total deferred tax assets before valuation allowance

     (1,702.9     (1,535.2

Valuation allowance

     104.7        118.1   

Net deferred tax liabilities

     $     546.8      $      611.4   

Balance sheet presentation:

    

Deferred income taxes

     $  1,332.4      $      1,278.9   

Other assets–miscellaneous

     (590.4     (541.2

Current assets–prepaid expenses and other current assets

     (195.2     (126.3

Net deferred tax liabilities

     $     546.8      $      611.4   

The statutory U.S. federal income tax rate reconciles to the effective income tax rates as follows:

 

 

 

      2010     2009     2008  

Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate

     35.0     35.0     35.0

State income taxes, net of related federal income tax benefit

     1.6        1.6        1.8   

Benefits and taxes related to foreign operations

     (6.9     (6.3     (6.4

Other, net

     (0.4     (0.5     (0.4

Effective income tax rates

     29.3     29.8     30.0

As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits totaled $572.6 million and $492.0 million, respectively. After considering the deferred tax accounting impact, it is expected that about $390 million of the total as of December 31, 2010 would favorably affect the effective tax rate if resolved in the Company’s favor.

 

 

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The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits:

 

 

 

In millions    2010     2009  

Balance at January 1

   $ 492.0      $ 272.5   

Decreases for positions taken in prior years

     (27.1     (16.4

Increases for positions taken in prior years

     53.3        21.8   

Increases for positions related to the current year

    

Increases with deferred tax offset

     16.3        83.9   

Other increases

     85.7        178.0   

Settlements with taxing authorities

     (17.4     (20.8

Lapsing of statutes of limitations

     (30.2     (27.0

Balance at December 31(1)(2)

   $ 572.6      $ 492.0   

 

(1) This balance is before consideration of the deferred tax accounting offsets

 

(2) Of the 2010 balance, $435.9 is included in long-term liabilities, $115.2 is included in income taxes payable, and $21.5 is included in deferred income taxes on the Consolidated balance sheet. Of the 2009 balance, $285.6 is included in long-term liabilities and $206.4 is included in deferred income taxes on the Consolidated balance sheet.

In 2010, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) concluded its field examination of the Company’s U.S. federal income tax returns for 2007 and 2008. As part of this exam, the Company has resolved proposed adjustments related to transfer pricing matters that were previously received from the IRS. The tax provision impact associated with the completion of this field examination was not significant. The Company continues to disagree with the IRS’ proposed adjustments related to certain foreign tax credits of about $400 million, excluding interest and potential penalties. The Company continues to believe that these adjustments are not justified, and intends to pursue all available remedies. While the Company cannot predict with certainty the timing of resolution, we do not believe that it is reasonably possible that these issues will be settled in the next twelve months. The Company does not believe the resolution will have a material impact on its results of operations or cash flows. Excluding these adjustments, it is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits could decrease within the next 12 months by $25 million to $40 million. This decrease would result from the expiration of the statute of limitations and the completion of tax audits in multiple tax jurisdictions.

The Company is generally no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for years prior to 2004.

The continuing practice of the Company is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in the provision for income taxes. The Company had $44.4 million and $18.7 million accrued for interest and penalties at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The Company recognized interest and penalties related to tax matters of $29.0 million in 2010, $1.5 million in 2009, and $13.7 million in 2008.

Deferred U.S. income taxes have not been recorded for temporary differences related to investments in certain foreign subsidiaries and corporate joint ventures. These temporary differences were approximately $11.0 billion at December 31, 2010 and consisted primarily of undistributed earnings considered permanently invested in operations outside the U.S. Determination of the deferred income tax liability on these unremitted earnings is not practicable because such liability, if any, is dependent on circumstances existing if and when remittance occurs.

Segment and Geographic Information

 

 

The Company operates in the global restaurant industry and manages its business as distinct geographic segments. All intercompany revenues and expenses are eliminated in computing revenues and operating income. Corporate general & administrative expenses are included in Other Countries & Corporate and consist of home office support costs in areas such as facilities, finance, human resources, information technology, legal, marketing, restaurant operations, supply chain and training. Corporate assets include corporate cash and equivalents, asset portions of financial instruments and home office facilities.

 

 

 

In millions   2010     2009     2008  

U.S.

  $ 8,111.6      $ 7,943.8      $ 8,078.3   

Europe

    9,569.2        9,273.8        9,922.9   

APMEA

    5,065.5        4,337.0        4,230.8   

Other Countries & Corporate

    1,328.3        1,190.1        1,290.4   

Total revenues

  $ 24,074.6      $ 22,744.7      $ 23,522.4   

U.S.

  $ 3,446.5      $ 3,231.7      $ 3,059.7   

Europe

    2,796.8        2,588.1        2,608.0   

APMEA

    1,199.9 (1)      989.5        818.8   

Other Countries & Corporate

    29.9 (2)       31.7 (3)      (43.6

Total operating income

  $ 7,473.1      $ 6,841.0      $ 6,442.9   

U.S.

  $ 10,467.7      $ 10,429.3      $ 10,356.7   

Europe

    11,360.7        11,494.4        10,532.7   

APMEA

    5,374.0        4,409.0        4,074.6   

Other Countries & Corporate

    4,772.8        3,892.2        3,497.5   

Total assets

  $ 31,975.2      $ 30,224.9      $ 28,461.5   

U.S.

  $ 530.5      $ 659.4      $ 837.4   

Europe

    978.5        859.3        864.1   

APMEA

    493.1        354.6        360.6   

Other Countries & Corporate

    133.4        78.8        73.6   

Total capital expenditures

  $ 2,135.5      $ 1,952.1      $ 2,135.7   

U.S.

  $ 433.0      $ 423.8      $ 400.9   

Europe

    500.5        483.2        506.3   

APMEA

    232.4        202.9        193.4   

Other Countries & Corporate

    110.3        106.3        107.2   

Total depreciation and amortization

  $ 1,276.2      $ 1,216.2      $ 1,207.8   

 

(1) Includes expense due to Impairment and other charges (credits), net of $39.3 million related to the Company’s share of restaurant closing costs in McDonald’s Japan (a 50%-owned affiliate).

 

(2) Includes income due to Impairment and other charges (credits), net of $21.0 million related to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction.

 

(3) Includes income due to Impairment and other charges (credits), net of $65.2 million primarily related to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction.

Total long-lived assets, primarily property and equipment, were (in millions) – Consolidated: 2010–$26,700.9; 2009–$25,896.1; 2008–$24,385.8;. U.S. based: 2010–$10,430.2; 2009–$10,376.4; 2008–$10,389.7.


 

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Debt Financing

 

 

LINE OF CREDIT AGREEMENTS

At December 31, 2010, the Company had a $1.3 billion line of credit agreement expiring in March 2012 with fees of 0.05% per annum on the total commitment, which remained unused. Fees and interest rates on this line are based on the Company’s long-term credit rating assigned by Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s. In addition, the Company including certain subsidiaries outside the U.S. had unused lines of credit totaling $952.0 million at December 31, 2010; these lines of credit were primarily uncommitted, short-term and denominated in various currencies at local market rates of interest.

The weighted-average interest rate of short-term borrowings was 4.3% at December 31, 2010 (based on $595.0 million of foreign currency bank line borrowings) and 4.1% at December 31, 2009 (based on $598.7 million of foreign currency bank line borrowings).

DEBT OBLIGATIONS

The Company has incurred debt obligations principally through public and private offerings and bank loans. There are no provi-

sions in the Company’s debt obligations that would accelerate repayment of debt as a result of a change in credit ratings or a material adverse change in the Company’s business. Certain of the Company’s debt obligations contain cross-acceleration provisions, and restrictions on Company and subsidiary mortgages and the long-term debt of certain subsidiaries. Under certain agreements, the Company has the option to retire debt prior to maturity, either at par or at a premium over par. The Company has no current plans to retire a significant amount of its debt prior to maturity.

ESOP LOANS

Borrowings related to the leveraged Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) at December 31, 2010, which include $47.7 million of loans from the Company to the ESOP, are reflected as debt with a corresponding reduction of shareholders’ equity (additional paid-in capital included a balance of $41.7 million and $48.4 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively). The ESOP is repaying the loans and interest through 2018 using Company contributions and dividends from its McDonald’s common stock holdings. As the principal amount of the borrowings is repaid, the debt and the unearned ESOP compensation (additional paid-in capital) are reduced.

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s debt obligations. (Interest rates and debt amounts reflected in the table include the effects of interest rate exchange agreements.)

 

 

 

              Interest rates(1)
December  31
            

Amounts outstanding
December 31

 
In millions of U.S. Dollars    Maturity
dates
       2010      2009               2010        2009  

Fixed

          5.4      5.6        $ 5,318.0         $ 4,677.6   

Floating

                3.0         2.9                   1,390.0           1,300.0   

Total U.S. Dollars

     2011-2040                                       6,708.0           5,977.6   

Fixed

          4.8         4.8             737.5           932.6   

Floating

                2.2         1.8                   753.4           683.9   

Total Euro

     2011-2017                                       1,490.9           1,616.5   

Total British Pounds Sterling-Fixed

     2020-2032           6.0         6.0                   700.7           726.2   

Fixed

          2.1         2.0             338.7           488.6   

Floating

                0.5         1.0                   985.4           537.0   

Total Japanese Yen

     2011-2030                                       1,324.1           1,025.6   

Fixed

          2.5         2.7             451.6           359.6   

Floating

                4.1         3.8                   752.6           793.3   

Total other currencies(2)

     2011-2021                                       1,204.2           1,152.9   

Debt obligations before fair value adjustments(3)

                                            11,427.9           10,498.8   

Fair value adjustments(4)

                                            77.4           79.6   

Total debt obligations(5)

                                          $ 11,505.3         $ 10,578.4   

 

(1) Weighted-average effective rate, computed on a semi-annual basis.

 

(2) Primarily consists of Swiss Francs, Chinese Renminbi and Korean Won.

 

(3) Aggregate maturities for 2010 debt balances, before fair value adjustments, were as follows (in millions): 2011–$8.3; 2012–$2,212.4; 2013–$1,006.4; 2014-$707.9; 2015-$675.2; Thereafter–$6,817.7. These amounts include a reclassification of short-term obligations totaling $1.2 billion to long-term obligations as they are supported by a long-term line of credit agreement expiring in March 2012.

 

(4) The carrying value of underlying items in fair value hedges, in this case debt obligations, are adjusted for fair value changes to the extent they are attributable to the risk designated as being hedged. The related hedging instrument is also recorded at fair value in prepaid expenses and other current assets, miscellaneous other assets or other long-term liabilities. A portion ($5.1 million) of the adjustments at December 31, 2010 related to interest rate exchange agreements that were terminated in December 2002 and will amortize as a reduction of interest expense over the remaining life of the debt.

 

(5) Includes notes payable, current maturities of long-term debt and long-term debt included on the Consolidated balance sheet. The increase in debt obligations from December 31, 2009 to December 31, 2010 was primarily due to (in millions): net issuances ($787.4) and changes in exchange rates on foreign currency denominated debt ($140.1).

 

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Share-based Compensation

 

 

The Company maintains a share-based compensation plan which authorizes the granting of various equity-based incentives including stock options and restricted stock units (RSUs) to employees and nonemployee directors. The number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the plans was 70.9 million at December 31, 2010, including 31.2 million available for future grants.

STOCK OPTIONS

Stock options to purchase common stock are granted with an exercise price equal to the closing market price of the Company’s stock on the date of grant. Substantially all of the options become exercisable in four equal installments, beginning a year from the date of the grant, and generally expire 10 years from the grant date. Options granted between May 1, 1999 and December 31, 2000 (approximately 5.8 million options outstanding at December 31, 2010) expire 13 years from the date of grant.

Intrinsic value for stock options is defined as the difference between the current market value of the Company’s stock and the exercise price. During 2010, 2009 and 2008, the total intrinsic value of stock options exercised was $500.8 million, $302.5 million and $549.5 million, respectively. Cash received from stock options exercised during 2010 was $463.1 million and the actual tax benefit realized for tax deductions from stock options exercised totaled $139.0 million. The Company uses treasury shares purchased under the Company’s share repurchase program to satisfy share-based exercises.

A summary of the status of the Company’s stock option grants as of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, and changes during the years then ended, is presented in the following table:

 

      2010              2009                     2008  
Options    Shares in
millions
    Weighted-
average
exercise
price
     Weighted-
average
remaining
contractual
life in years
     Aggregate
intrinsic
value in
millions
             Shares in
millions
    Weighted-
average
exercise
price
             Shares in
millions
    Weighted-
average
exercise
price
 

Outstanding at beginning of year

     47.8      $ 38.16                  53.4      $ 34.88            67.5      $ 31.85   

Granted

     4.5        63.26                  5.6        56.94            5.3        56.55   

Exercised

     (13.6     33.84                  (10.7     31.17            (18.7     29.97   

Forfeited/expired

     (1.3     46.03                                    (0.5     47.22                  (0.7     37.53   

Outstanding at end of year

     37.4      $ 42.47         5.1       $ 1,281.8                  47.8      $ 38.16                  53.4      $ 34.88   

Exercisable at end of year

     26.4      $ 35.88         3.8       $ 1,077.3                  35.4                          40.8           

RSUs

RSUs generally vest 100% on the third anniversary of the grant and are payable in either shares of McDonald’s common stock or cash, at the Company’s discretion. Certain executives have been awarded RSUs that vest based on Company performance. The fair value of each RSU granted is equal to the market price of the Company’s stock at date of grant less the present value of expected dividends over the vesting period.

A summary of the Company’s RSU activity during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 is presented in the following table:

 

      2010              2009              2008  
RSUs    Shares in
millions
    Weighted-
average
grant date
fair value
             Shares in
millions
    Weighted-
average
grant date
fair value
             Shares in
millions
    Weighted-
average
grant date
fair value
 

Nonvested at beginning of year

     2.8      $ 46.33            3.0      $ 40.88            3.4      $ 35.94   

Granted

     0.7        56.09            0.9        50.34            0.8        51.10   

Vested

     (1.1     42.08            (1.0     34.56            (1.1     30.38   

Forfeited

     (0.1     49.61                  (0.1     43.87                  (0.1     40.41   

Nonvested at end of year

     2.3      $ 51.17                  2.8      $ 46.33                  3.0      $ 40.88   

The Company realized tax deductions of $7.1 million from RSUs vested during 2010. The total fair value of RSUs vested during 2010, 2009 and 2008 was $66.8 million, $59.9 million and $56.4 million, respectively.

 

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Employee Benefit Plans

 

 

The Company’s Profit Sharing and Savings Plan for U.S.-based employees includes a 401(k) feature, an ESOP feature, and a discretionary employer profit sharing match. The 401(k) feature allows participants to make pretax contributions that are partly matched from shares released under the ESOP. The Profit Sharing and Savings Plan also provides for a discretionary employer profit sharing match after the end of the year for those participants eligible to share in the match who have contributed to the 401(k) feature.

All current account balances and future contributions and related earnings can be invested in several investment alternatives as well as McDonald’s common stock in accordance with each participant’s elections. Participants’ future contributions to the 401(k) feature and the discretionary employer matching contribution feature are limited to 20% investment in McDonald’s common stock. Participants may choose to make separate investment choices for current account balances and for future contributions.

The Company also maintains certain supplemental benefit plans that allow participants to (i) make tax-deferred contributions and (ii) receive Company-provided allocations that cannot be made under the Profit Sharing and Savings Plan because of Internal Revenue Service limitations. The investment alternatives and returns are based on certain market-rate investment alternatives under the Profit Sharing and Savings Plan. Total liabilities

were $439.3 million at December 31, 2010, and $397.3 million at December 31, 2009, and were primarily included in other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated balance sheet.

The Company has entered into derivative contracts to hedge market-driven changes in certain of the liabilities. At December 31, 2010, derivatives with a fair value of $104.4 million indexed to the Company’s stock were included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and an investment totaling $92.7 million indexed to certain market indices was included in miscellaneous other assets on the Consolidated balance sheet. All changes in liabilities for these nonqualified plans and in the fair value of the derivatives are recorded in selling, general & administrative expenses. Changes in fair value of the derivatives indexed to the Company’s stock are recorded in the income statement because the contracts provide the counterparty with a choice to settle in cash or shares.

Total U.S. costs for the Profit Sharing and Savings Plan, including nonqualified benefits and related hedging activities, were (in millions): 2010–$51.4; 2009–$51.3; 2008–$61.2. Certain subsidiaries outside the U.S. also offer profit sharing, stock purchase or other similar benefit plans. Total plan costs outside the U.S. were (in millions): 2010–$57.6; 2009–$45.2; 2008–$55.4.

The total combined liabilities for international retirement plans were $153.2 million and $183.7 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, primarily in the U.K. and Canada.

Other postretirement benefits and post-employment benefits were immaterial.

 

 

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Quarterly Results (Unaudited)

 

 

 

     Quarters ended
December 31
           Quarters ended
September 30
           Quarters ended
June 30
           Quarters ended
March 31
 
In millions, except per share data    2010     2009             2010     2009             2010      2009             2010     2009  

Revenues

                          

Sales by Company-operated restaurants

   $ 4,170.2      $ 4,030.0         $ 4,246.6      $ 4,093.6         $ 4,013.4       $ 3,850.2         $ 3,803.1      $ 3,484.7   

Revenues from franchised restaurants

     2,043.9        1,943.4                 2,058.3        1,953.1                 1,932.1         1,797.0                 1,807.0        1,592.7   

Total revenues

     6,214.1        5,973.4                 6,304.9        6,046.7                 5,945.5         5,647.2                 5,610.1        5,077.4   

Company-operated margin

     790.4        758.4           892.6        793.8           798.6         690.9           692.2        564.2   

Franchised margin

     1,684.1        1,595.0           1,713.9        1,614.5           1,597.8         1,479.0           1,467.7        1,296.0   

Operating income

     1,857.2 (1)       1,826.3 (1)               2,096.5        1,932.8                 1,845.3         1,681.5                 1,674.1 (3)       1,400.4   

Net income

   $ 1,242.3 (1)     $ 1,216.8 (1)             $ 1,388.4      $ 1,261.0               $ 1,225.8       $ 1,093.7 (2)             $ 1,089.8 (3)     $ 979.5 (4) 

Earnings per common share—basic:

   $ 1.18 (1)    $ 1.13 (1)       $ 1.31      $ 1.16         $ 1.14       $ 1.00 (2)       $ 1.01 (3)    $ 0.88 (4) 

Earnings per common share—diluted:

   $ 1.16 (1)     $ 1.11 (1)             $ 1.29      $ 1.15               $ 1.13       $ 0.98 (2)             $ 1.00 (3)     $ 0.87 (4) 

Dividends declared per common share

                            $ 1.16 (5)     $ 1.05 (6)             $ 0.55       $ 0.50               $ 0.55      $ 0.50   

Weighted-average common shares—basic

     1,055.0        1,078.0           1,061.0        1,084.5           1,072.1         1,097.3           1,076.0        1,109.6   

Weighted-average common shares—diluted

     1,068.8        1,093.1                 1,074.9        1,098.2                 1,085.9         1,111.4                 1,090.1        1,124.4   

Market price per common share:

                          

High

   $ 80.94      $ 64.75         $ 76.26      $ 59.59         $ 71.84       $ 61.01         $ 67.49      $ 64.46   

Low

     74.40        56.03           65.31        53.88           65.55         51.76           61.06        50.44   

Close

     76.76        62.44                 74.51        57.07                 65.87         57.49                 66.72        54.57   

 

(1) Includes net pretax income due to Impairment and other charges (credits), net of $12.1 million ($14.4 million after tax or $0.01 per share) in 2010 and $62.0 million ($89.6 million after tax or $0.08 per share) in 2009 primarily related to the resolution of certain liabilities retained in connection with the 2007 Latin America developmental license transaction.

 

(2) Includes income of $11.1 million ($0.01 per share) in Gain on sale of investment related to the sale of the Company’s minority ownership interest in Redbox Automated Retail, LLC.

 

(3) Includes net pretax and after tax expense due to Impairment and other charges (credits), net of $30.0 million ($0.03 per share) related to the Company’s share of restaurant closing costs in McDonald’s Japan (a 50%-owned affiliate).

 

(4) Includes income of $47.4 million ($0.04 per share) in Gain on sale of investment due to the sale of the Company’s minority ownership interest in Redbox Automated Retail, LLC.

 

(5) Includes a $0.55 per share dividend declared and paid in third quarter and a $0.61 per share dividend declared in third quarter and paid in fourth quarter.

 

(6) Includes a $0.50 per share dividend declared and paid in third quarter and a $0.55 per share dividend declared in third quarter and paid in fourth quarter.

 

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Management’s Assessment of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

 

The financial statements were prepared by management, which is responsible for their integrity and objectivity and for establishing and maintaining adequate internal controls over financial reporting.

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

 

  I. pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;

 

  II. provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and

 

  III. provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

There are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any internal control, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of controls. Accordingly, even effective internal controls can provide only reasonable assurances with respect to financial statement preparation. Further, because of changes in conditions, the effectiveness of internal controls may vary over time.

Management assessed the design and effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) in Internal Control – Integrated Framework.

Based on management’s assessment using those criteria, as of December 31, 2010, management believes that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective.

Ernst & Young, LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the financial statements of the Company for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 and the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010. Their reports are presented on the following pages. The independent registered public accountants and internal auditors advise management of the results of their audits, and make recommendations to improve the system of internal controls. Management evaluates the audit recommendations and takes appropriate action.

McDONALD’S CORPORATION

February 25, 2011

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

 

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of McDonald’s Corporation

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of McDonald’s Corporation as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of McDonald’s Corporation at December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), McDonald’s Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated February 25, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

ERNST & YOUNG LLP

Chicago, Illinois

February 25, 2011

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

 

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of McDonald’s Corporation

We have audited McDonald’s Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). McDonald’s Corporation’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying report on Management’s Assessment of Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, McDonald’s Corporation maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements of McDonald’s Corporation as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010, and our report dated February 25, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

ERNST & YOUNG LLP

Chicago, Illinois

February 25, 2011

 

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Table of Contents

ITEM 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 

 

None.

ITEM 9A. Controls and Procedures

 

 

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS

An evaluation was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2010. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms.

INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

The Company’s management, including the CEO and CFO, confirm that there was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2010 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT

Management’s Report and the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting are set forth in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

ITEM 9B. Other Information

 

 

None.

PART III

 

 

ITEM 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

 

 

Information regarding directors and the Company’s Code of Conduct for the Board of Directors, its Code of Ethics for Chief Executive Officer and Senior Financial Officers and its Standards of Business Conduct is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed no later than 120 days after December 31, 2010. We will post any amendments to or any waivers for directors and executive officers from provisions of the Codes on the Company’s website at www.governance.mcdonalds.com.

Information regarding all of the Company’s executive officers is included in Part I, page 6 of this Form 10-K.

ITEM 11. Executive Compensation

 

 

Incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed no later than 120 days after December 31, 2010.

 

 

ITEM 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters

 

 

The following table summarizes information about the Company’s equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2010. All outstanding awards relate to the Company’s common stock. Shares issued under all of the following plans may be from the Company’s treasury, newly issued or both.

Equity compensation plan information

 

 

    

Number of securities

to be issued

upon exercise of

outstanding options,

warrants and rights

           Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
            Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation plans
(excluding securities
reflected in column (a))
 
Plan category    (a)             (b)              (c)  

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

     33,067,769 (1 )         $44.32            31,192,284   

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

     6,635,301 (2)               36.31                     

Total

     39,703,070                 $42.98                  31,192,284   

 

(1) Includes stock options granted under the following plans: 2001 Omnibus Stock Ownership Plan—30,743,079 shares; and 1992 Stock Ownership Incentive Plan (1992 Plan)—1,750 shares. Also includes 2,322,940 restricted stock units granted under the McDonald’s Corporation 2001 Omnibus Stock Ownership Plan.

 

(2) Includes stock options granted under the following plans: 1992 Plan—6,463,192; 1975 Stock Ownership Option Plan—165,359; and 1999 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan—6,750.

Additional matters incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed no later than 120 days after December 31, 2010.

 

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Table of Contents

ITEM 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

 

 

Incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed no later than 120 days after December 31, 2010.

 

ITEM 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 

 

Incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed no later than 120 days after December 31, 2010.


 

 

PART IV

 

 

ITEM 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

 

 

a. (1) All financial statements

Consolidated financial statements filed as part of this report are listed under Part II, Item 8, pages 28 through 43 of this Form 10-K.

 

(2)   Financial statement schedules

No schedules are required because either the required information is not present or is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is included in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.

b. Exhibits

The exhibits listed in the accompanying index are filed as part of this report.

McDonald’s Corporation Exhibit Index (Item 15)

 

 

Exhibit Number Description

 

(3)    (a)   Restated Certificate of Incorporation, effective as of December 8, 2010, incorporated herein by reference from Form 8-K, dated December 8, 2010.

 

  (b)   By-Laws, as amended and restated with effect as of January 21, 2010, incorporated herein by reference from Form 8-K, dated January 20, 2010.

 

  (4)   Instruments defining the rights of security holders, including Indentures:*

 

  (a)   Senior Debt Securities Indenture, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit (4)(a) of Form S-3 Registration Statement (File No. 333-14141), filed October 15, 1996.

 

  (i)   6 3/8% Debentures due 2028. Supplemental Indenture No. 1, dated January 8, 1998, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit (4)(a) of Form 8-K, filed January 13, 1998.

 

  (ii)   Medium-Term Notes, Series F, Due from 1 Year to 60 Years from Date of Issue. Supplemental Indenture No. 4, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit (4)(c) of Form S-3 Registration Statement (File No. 333-59145), filed July 15, 1998.

 

  (iii)   Medium-Term Notes, Series G, Due from 1 Year to 60 Years from Date of Issue. Supplemental Indenture No. 6, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit (4)(c) of Form S-3 Registration Statement (File No. 333-60170), filed May 3, 2001.

 

  (iv)   Medium-Term Notes, Series H, Due from 1 Year to 60 Years from Date of Issue. Supplemental Indenture No. 7, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit (4)(c) of Form S-3 Registration Statement (File No. 333-92212), filed July 10, 2002.

 

  (v)   Medium-Term Notes, Series I, Due from 1 Year to 60 Years from Date of Issue. Supplemental Indenture No. 8, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit (4)(c) of Form S-3 Registration Statement (File No. 333-139431), filed December 15, 2006.

 

  (vi)   Medium-Term Notes, Due from One Year to 60 Years from Date of Issue. Supplemental Indenture No. 9, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit (4)(c) of Form S-3 Registration Statement (File No. 333-162182), filed September 28, 2009.

 

  (b)   Subordinated Debt Securities Indenture, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit (4)(b) of Form S-3 Registration Statement (File No. 333-14141), filed October 15, 1996.

 

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  (c)   Debt Securities Indenture, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit (4)(a) of Form S-3 Registration Statement (File No. 33-12364), filed March 3, 1987.

 

  (i)   8 7/8% Debentures due 2011. Supplemental Indenture No. 17, dated April 1, 1991, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit (4) of Form 8-K, filed April 23, 1991.

 

  (10)   Material Contracts

 

  (a)   Directors’ Deferred Compensation Plan, effective as of January 1, 2008, incorporated herein by reference from Form 8-K, dated November 28, 2007.**

 

  (b)   McDonald’s Excess Benefit and Deferred Bonus Plan, effective January 1, 2011, as amended and restated March 22, 2010, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q, for the quarter ended March 31, 2010.**

 

  (c)   McDonald’s Corporation Supplemental Profit Sharing and Savings Plan, effective as of September 1, 2001, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2001.**

 

  (i)   First Amendment to the McDonald’s Corporation Supplemental Profit Sharing and Savings Plan, effective as of January 1, 2002, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2002.**

 

  (ii)   Second Amendment to the McDonald’s Corporation Supplemental Profit Sharing and Savings Plan, effective January 1, 2005, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2004.**
  (d)   1975 Stock Ownership Option Plan, as amended and restated July 30, 2001, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q, for the quarter ended September 30, 2001.**

 

  (i)   First Amendment to McDonald’s Corporation 1975 Stock Ownership Option Plan, as amended and restated, effective as of February 14, 2007, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q, for the quarter ended March 31, 2007.**

 

  (e)   1992 Stock Ownership Incentive Plan, as amended and restated January 1, 2001, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q, for the quarter ended March 31, 2001.**

 

  (i)   First Amendment to McDonald’s Corporation 1992 Stock Ownership Incentive Plan, as amended and restated, effective as of February 14, 2007, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q, for the quarter ended March 31, 2007.**

 

  (f)   1999 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated September 12, 2000, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q, for the quarter ended September 30, 2000.**

 

  (g)   McDonald’s Corporation Executive Retention Replacement Plan, effective as of December 31, 2007 (as amended and restated on December 31, 2008), incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2008.**

 

  (h)   McDonald’s Corporation Amended and Restated 2001 Omnibus Stock Ownership Plan, effective July 1, 2008, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2009.**

 

  (i)   First Amendment to the McDonald’s Corporation Amended and Restated 2001 Omnibus Stock Ownership Plan, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2008.**

 

  (ii)   Second Amendment to the McDonald’s Corporation Amended and Restated 2001 Omnibus Stock Ownership Plan, as amended, effective February 9, 2011, filed herewith.**

 

  (i)   Form of McDonald’s Corporation Tier I Change of Control Employment Agreement, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q, for the quarter ended September 30, 2008.**

 

  (j)   McDonald’s Corporation 2009 Cash Incentive Plan, effective as of May 27, 2009, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2009.**
  (k)   Form of Stock Option Grant Notice, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q, for the quarter ended June 30, 2005.**

 

  (l)   Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Notice, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q, for the quarter ended June 30, 2005.**

 

  (m)   McDonald’s Corporation Severance Plan, effective January 1, 2008, incorporated herein by reference from Form 8-K, dated November 28, 2007.**

 

  (i)   First Amendment of McDonald’s Corporation Severance Plan, effective as of October 1, 2008, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q, for the quarter ended September 30, 2008.**

 

  (n)   Employment Contract between Denis Hennequin and the Company, effective October 1, 2010, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q, for the quarter ended September 30, 2010.**

 

  (o)   Amended Assignment Agreement between Timothy Fenton and the Company, dated January 2008, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q, for the quarter ended March 31, 2008.**

 

  (i)   2009 Amendment to the Amended Assignment Agreement between Timothy Fenton and the Company, effective as of January 1, 2009, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q, for the quarter ended March 31, 2009.**

 

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  (p)   Description of Restricted Stock Units granted to Andrew J. McKenna, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2010.**
  (q)   Terms of the Restricted Stock Units granted pursuant to the Company’s Amended and Restated 2001 Omnibus Stock Ownership Plan, filed herewith.**

 

  (r)   McDonald’s Corporation Target Incentive Plan, effective as of January 1, 2008, incorporated herein by reference from Form 8-K, dated January 23, 2008.**

 

  (s)   European Prospectus Supplement describing the terms of equity compensation awards granted in the European Union pursuant to the Company’s Amended and Restated 2001 Omnibus Stock Ownership Plan, filed herewith.**

 

  (t)   Letter Agreement between Ralph Alvarez and the Company dated December 18, 2009, incorporated herein by reference from Form 8-K, dated December 18, 2009.**

 

  (u)   McDonald’s Corporation Cash Performance Unit Plan 2010-2012, effective as of February 9, 2010, incorporated herein by reference from the Form 8-K, dated February 9, 2010.**

 

  (v)   Executive Supplement describing the special terms of equity compensation awards granted to certain executive officers, pursuant to the Company’s Amended and Restated 2001 Omnibus Stock Ownership Plan, incorporated herein by reference from Form 10-Q, for the quarter ended March 31, 2010.**

 

  (w)   Transaction Settlement Agreement between Denis Hennequin and the Company dated December 20, 2010, incorporated herein by reference from Form 8-K, dated December 20, 2010.**

 

  (12)   Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.

 

  (21)   Subsidiaries of the Registrant.

 

  (23)   Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

 

  (24)   Power of Attorney.

 

  (31.1)   Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer.

 

  (31.2)   Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer.

 

  (32.1)   Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 by the Chief Executive Officer, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

  (32.2)   Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 by the Chief Financial Officer, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

  (101.INS)   XBRL Instance Document.***

 

  (101.SCH)   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.***

 

  (101.CAL)   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.***

 

  (101.DEF)   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.***

 

  (101.LAB)   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.***

 

  (101.PRE)   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.***

 

 

 

* Other instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt of the registrant and all of its subsidiaries for which consolidated financial statements are required to be filed and which are not required to be registered with the Commission, are not included herein as the securities authorized under these instruments, individually, do not exceed 10% of the total assets of the registrant and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. An agreement to furnish a copy of any such instruments to the Commission upon request has been filed with the Commission.

 

** Denotes compensatory plan.

 

*** In accordance with Regulation S-T, the XBRL-related information in Exhibit 101 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K shall be deemed to be “furnished” and not “filed”.

 

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Signatures

 

 

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

McDonald’s Corporation

(Registrant)

 

By   /s/    Peter J. Bensen        
  Peter J. Bensen
  Corporate Executive Vice President and
  Chief Financial Officer
February 25, 2011
Date

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in their capacities indicated below on the 25th day of February, 2011:

Signature, Title

By   /s/    Susan E. Arnold        
  Susan E. Arnold
  Director
By   /s/    Peter J. Bensen        
  Peter J. Bensen
  Corporate Executive Vice President and
  Chief Financial Officer
By   /s/    Robert A. Eckert        
  Robert A. Eckert
  Director
By   /s/    Enrique Hernandez, Jr.        
  Enrique Hernandez, Jr.
  Director
By   /s/    Jeanne P. Jackson        
  Jeanne P. Jackson
  Director

Signature, Title

By   /s/    Richard H. Lenny        
  Richard H. Lenny
  Director
By   /s/    Walter E. Massey        
  Walter E. Massey
  Director
By   /s/    Andrew J. McKenna        
  Andrew J. McKenna
  Chairman of the Board and Director
By   /s/    Cary D. McMillan        
  Cary D. McMillan
  Director
By   /s/    Kevin M. Ozan        
  Kevin M. Ozan
  Corporate Senior Vice President – Controller
By   /s/    Sheila A. Penrose        
  Sheila A. Penrose
  Director
By   /s/    John W. Rogers, Jr.        
  John W. Rogers, Jr.
  Director
By   /s/    James A. Skinner        
  James A. Skinner
  Vice Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director
By   /s/    Roger W. Stone        
  Roger W. Stone
  Director
By   /s/    Donald Thompson        
  Donald Thompson
  President, Chief Operating Officer and Director
By   /s/    Miles D. White        
  Miles D. White
  Director
 

 

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