UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
SCHEDULE 14C INFORMATION

Information Statement Pursuant to Section 14(c)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
Check the appropriate box:
x
Preliminary Information Statement
 
o
Confidential, for the use of the Commission only (as permitted by Rule 14c-5(d)(2))
 
o
Definitive Information Statement
 
 
_______________
 
SMI PRODUCTS, INC.
(Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
 
_______________
 
Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):
x
No fee required.
 
o
Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14c-5(g) and 0-11.
 
 
 
(1)
Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies:
 
 
 
(2)
Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies:
 
 
 
(3)
Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined):
 
 
 
(4)
Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction:
 
 
 
(5)
Total fee paid:
 
 
 
 
 
 
o
Fee paid previously with preliminary materials:
 
o
Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-1l(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the Form or Schedule and the date of its filing.
 
 
 
(1)
Amount Previously Paid:
 
 
 
(2)
Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.:
 
 
 
(3)
Filing Party:
 
 
 
(4)
Date Filed:
 
               
 
 
 
 

 

 
SMI PRODUCTS, INC.
122 Ocean Park Blvd., Suite 307
Santa Monica, CA 90405
 

 
NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT
 

 
To our Stockholders:

The purpose of this letter is to inform you that the Board of Directors of SMI Products, Inc., a Nevada corporation (hereinafter referred to as “our company” or “SMI”), and the holder of a majority of the outstanding shares of our common stock, have approved the following corporate actions by written consent in lieu of a meeting pursuant to Section 78.320 of the Nevada General Corporation Law:

The reincorporation merger of our company pursuant to which we will merge with and into SMI Products, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“SMI-Delaware”) formed by us for such purposes, which will result in:

·
a change of domicile of our company from the State of Nevada to the State of Delaware;
     
  ·  
your right to receive one (1) share of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of SMI-Delaware for each ten (10) shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share, owned by you as of the effective time of the reincorporation merger;
     
  ·   
the persons presently serving as our executive officers and directors serving in their same respective positions with SMI Delaware;
     
  ·    
the adoption of a new Certificate of Incorporation under the laws of the State of Delaware, pursuant to which our authorized capital stock will be changed from 100,000,000 shares of authorized capital stock, all of which are common stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 110,000,000 shares of authorized capital stock, consisting of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 10,000,000 shares of “blank check” preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, with the right conferred upon the Board of Directors to set the dividend, voting, conversion, liquidation and other rights, as well as the qualifications, limitations and restrictions, with respect to the preferred stock as the Board of Directors may determine from time to time; and   the adoption of new Bylaws under the laws of the State of Delaware.

The accompanying Information Statement, which describes the above corporate actions in more detail, is being furnished to stockholders of SMI Products, Inc. for informational purposes only, pursuant to Section 14(c) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the rules and regulations prescribed thereunder. Pursuant to Rule 14c-2 under the Exchange Act, these corporate actions will not be effected until at least twenty (20) calendar days after the mailing of this Information Statement to the stockholders of SMI Products, Inc.. The reincorporation merger described above will be effective after the expiration of such twenty (20) day period, at such time as Articles of Merger are filed with the Secretary of State of Nevada and a Certificate of Merger is filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware, respectively, to effect the reincorporation merger, which will have the effects summarized above and described in more detail in the accompanying Information Statement.
 
 
 

 

 
YOU HAVE THE RIGHT TO EXERCISE DISSENTERS’ RIGHTS UNDER NEVADA REVISED STATUTES 92A.300-.500, AND OBTAIN THE “FAIR VALUE” OF YOUR SHARES OF SMI PRODUCTS, INC., A NEVADA CORPORATION, INC. COMMON STOCK, PROVIDED THAT YOU COMPLY WITH THE CONDITIONS ESTABLISHED UNDER APPLICABLE NEVADA LAW. FOR A DISCUSSION REGARDING YOUR DISSENTERS’ RIGHTS, SEE THE SECTION TITLED “REINCORPORATION IN DELAWARE; DISSENTERS’ RIGHTS OF APPRAISAL” IN THE ACCOMPANYING INFORMATION STATEMENT AND EXHIBIT D THERETO, WHICH SETS FORTH THOSE STATUTES.
 
October     , 2006
 
 
 
 
By Order of the Board of Directors
 
 
 
 
 
Geoffrey Alison
 
Chief Executive Officer
  
 


 
 

 

 
SMI PRODUCTS, INC.
122 Ocean Park Blvd., Suite 307
Santa Monica, CA 90405
 

 
INFORMATION STATEMENT
September     , 2006
 

 
This Information Statement is being mailed to the stockholders of SMI Products, Inc., a Nevada corporation (hereinafter referred to as “our company” or “SMI”), on or about October     , 2006 in connection with the corporate actions referred to below.  On September 25, 2006, our Board of Directors and the holder of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share, entitled to vote on the matters set forth herein (the “Consenting Stockholder”) approved such matters.  Accordingly, this Information Statement is furnished solely for the purpose of informing stockholders, in the manner required under Regulation 14C of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), of these corporate actions.  No other stockholder approval is required.  The record date for determining stockholders entitled to receive this Information Statement has been established as the close of business on September 1, 2006 (the “Record Date”).

WE ARE NOT ASKING YOU FOR A PROXY AND YOU ARE
REQUESTED NOT TO SEND US A PROXY.

CORPORATE ACTIONS

The Nevada General Corporation Law permits the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of our common stock to approve and authorize actions by written consent as if the action were undertaken at a duly constituted meeting of our stockholders.  On September 25, 2006, the Consenting Stockholder, who holds an aggregate of 5,551,000 shares of our common stock, representing approximately 73.5% of the total shares of our common stock entitled to vote on the matters set forth below, consented in writing, without a meeting, to the matters described below.  As a result, no further votes will be needed to approve the matters set forth herein.  As of the Record Date, we had outstanding 7,551,000 shares of our common stock.

Our Board of Directors and the Consenting Stockholder have consented to the adoption of the Agreement and Plan of Merger between our company and SMI Products, Inc., a Delaware corporation formed by us (“SMI-Delaware”), in the form of Exhibit A attached to this Information Statement (the “Reincorporation Merger Agreement”).  The Reincorporation Merger Agreement provides for the merger of our company with and into SMI Delaware (the “Reincorporation Merger”), and will result in:
 
·
a change of domicile of our company from the State of Nevada to the State of Delaware;
     
  ·   
your right to receive one (1) share of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of SMI-Delaware for each ten (10) shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share, owned by you as of the effective time of the reincorporation merger;
     
  · 
the persons presently serving as our executive officers and directors serving in their same respective positions with SMI Delaware;
     
  ·              
the adoption of a new Certificate of Incorporation under the laws of Delaware in the form of Exhibit B attached to this Information Statement, pursuant to which our authorized capital stock will be changed from 100,000,000 shares of authorized capital stock, all of which are common stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 110,000,000 shares of authorized capital stock, consisting of 500,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 10,000,000 shares of “blank check” preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, with the right conferred upon the Board of Directors to set the dividend, voting, conversion, liquidation and other rights, as well as the qualifications, limitations and restrictions, with respect to the preferred stock as the Board of Directors may determine from time to time; and   the adoption of new Bylaws under the laws of the State of Delaware in the form of Exhibit C attached to this Information Statement.

 
 

 

We will pay the expenses of furnishing this Information Statement, including the cost of preparing, assembling and mailing this Information Statement.

YOU HAVE THE RIGHT TO EXERCISE DISSENTERS’ RIGHTS UNDER NEVADA REVISED STATUTES SECTIONS 92A.300-.500, AND OBTAIN THE “FAIR VALUE” OF YOUR SHARES OF SMI PRODUCTS, INC., A NEVADA CORPORATION, INC. COMMON STOCK, PROVIDED THAT YOU COMPLY WITH THE CONDITIONS ESTABLISHED UNDER APPLICABLE NEVADA LAW.  FOR A DISCUSSION REGARDING YOUR DISSENTERS’ RIGHTS, SEE THE SECTION TITLED “DISSENTERS’ RIGHT OF APPRAISAL” AND EXHIBIT D HERETO, WHICH SETS FORTH THOSE STATUTES.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN
BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

The following table sets forth certain information regarding beneficial stock ownership as of September 1, 2006 of (i) all persons known to us to be beneficial owners of more than 5% of our outstanding common stock; (ii) each director of our company and our executive officers, and (iii) all of our officers and directors as a group.  Each of the persons in the table below has sole voting power and sole dispositive power as to all of the shares shown as beneficially owned by them, except as otherwise indicated.
 
 
Name
 
Number of Shares
Beneficially
Owned(1)
 
Percent of
Outstanding
Shares(1)
 
           
Fountainhead Capital Partners Limited
 
5,551,000
 
73.50
%
c/oJordans (C.I.) Limited
PO Box 456
Portman House
Hue Street
St Helier
Jersey JE4 5RP
 
 
 
 
 
           
Geoffrey Alison
 
0
 
0.00
%
5000 Noeline Ave.
Encino, CA 91436
 
 
 
 
 
         
 
         
 
         
 
         
 
         
 
         
 
         
 
         
 
Officers and directors as a group (four persons)
 
0
 
0.00
%
_________________
(1)
For the purposes of this table, a person is deemed to have “beneficial ownership” of any shares of capital stock that such person has the right to acquire within 60 days of September 1, 2006.  All percentages for common stock are calculated based upon a total of 7,551,000 shares outstanding as of September 1, 2006, plus, in the case of the person for whom the calculation is made, that number of shares of common stock that such person has the right to acquire within 60 days of September 1, 2006.
 
 
 
2

 

CHANGE IN CONTROL

On August 11, 2006, certain stockholders (“Sellers”) of our company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Fountainhead Capital Partners Limited. (the “Purchaser”), pursuant to which the Sellers agreed to sell to the Purchaser certain notes together with 5,551,000 shares of our company’s common stock (the “Shares”) for a purchase price (the “Purchase Price”), in the aggregate, of $637,500, plus the amount of any cash or cash equivalents on our company’s balance sheet as of the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Stock Purchase Agreement. The Shares represent approximately 73.5% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of our company calculated on a fully-diluted basis

REINCORPORATION IN DELAWARE

Background

On September 25, 2006, our Board of Directors and the Consenting Stockholder approved the Reincorporation Merger Agreement, which provides for, among other things, the change of our domicile from the State of Nevada to the State of Delaware, the adoption of a Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws under the State of Delaware, the increase in our authorized capital stock to 110 million shares, consisting of 100 million shares of common stock and 10 million shares of “blank check” preferred stock. and the issuance of one (1) share of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of SMI-Delaware for each ten (10) shares of our company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, owned by you as of the effective time of the reincorporation merger.

Questions and Answers

The following questions and answers are intended to respond to frequently asked questions concerning our reincorporation in Delaware.  These questions do not, and are not intended to, address all the questions that may be important to you.  You should carefully read the entire Information Statement, as well as its exhibits.
 
Q:
 
Why are we reincorporating in Delaware?
     
A:
 
 
We believe the reincorporation in Delaware will give us more flexibility and simplicity in various corporate transactions.  Delaware has adopted a General Corporation Law that includes by statute many concepts created by judicial rulings in other jurisdictions.  Delaware provides a recognized body of corporate law that is consistently interpreted by Delaware courts, thus facilitating corporate governance by our officers and directors.
 
 
3

 

 
 
Q:
 
 
 
Why are we not soliciting proxies to approve the reincorporation?
 
A:
 
 
 
Our Board of Directors has already approved the Reincorporation Merger and has received the written consent of stockholders owning a majority of our outstanding shares of common stock, without the need to solicit votes.  Under Nevada law, this transaction may be approved by the written consent of a majority of the shares entitled to vote, without the necessity of convening a formal meeting of stockholders.  Since we have already received written consents representing the necessary number of shares, a meeting is not necessary and represents to us a substantial cost savings.
 
Q:
 
 
 
What are the principal features of the Reincorporation Merger?
 
A:
 
 
 
The reincorporation will be accomplished by merging SMI Products, Inc., a Nevada corporation with and into a newly formed Delaware corporation, SMI Products, Inc., a Delaware corporation.  The Certificate of Incorporation of SMI-Delaware will become the Certificate of Incorporation of the surviving entity.  One (1) new share of SMI-Delaware common stock will be issued in exchange for each ten (10) outstanding shares of our common stock held by our shareholders at the effective time of the Reincorporation Merger.  Shares of SMI-Delaware will be eligible to be quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board beginning on or about the effective date of the Reincorporation Merger under a new CUSIP number and trading symbol that have not yet been assigned.
 
Q:
 
 
 
What are the differences between Delaware and Nevada law?
 
A:
 
 
 
There are some differences between the laws of the State of Nevada and State of Delaware that impact your rights as a stockholder.  For information regarding the differences between the corporate laws of the State of Delaware and those of the State of Nevada, please see “Significant Changes Caused by the Reincorporation; Change in Charter and Bylaws.”
 
Q:
 
 
 
How will the Reincorporation Merger affect my ownership?
 
A:
 
 
 
Your proportionate ownership interest will not be affected by the Reincorporation Merger.
 
Q:
 
 
 
How will the Reincorporation Merger affect our officers, directors and employees?
 
A:
 
 
 
Our officers, directors and employees will become the officers, directors and employees of SMI-Delaware after the effective date of the Reincorporation Merger.
 
Q:
 
 
 
What do I do with my stock certificates?
 
A:
 
 
 
Delivery of your certificates issued prior to the effective date of the reincorporation will constitute “good delivery” of shares in transactions subsequent to reincorporation.  Certificates representing shares of SMI-Delaware will be issued with respect to transfers occurring after the Reincorporation Merger.  New certificates will also be issued upon the request of any stockholder, subject to normal requirements as to proper endorsement, signature guarantee, if required, and payment of applicable taxes.  IT WILL NOT BE NECESSARY FOR OUR STOCKHOLDERS TO EXCHANGE THEIR EXISTING STOCK CERTIFICATES FOR CERTIFICATES OF SMI-DELAWARE.  OUTSTANDING STOCK CERTIFICATES OF SMI PRODUCTS, INC., A NEVADA COIRPORATION SHOULD NOT BE DESTROYED OR SENT TO US.
 
 
4

 
 
 
 
Q:
 
 
 
What if I have lost my certificate?
 
A:
 
 
 
If you have lost your certificate, you can contact our transfer agent to have a new certificate issued.  You may be required to post a bond or other security to reimburse us for any damages or costs if the certificate is later delivered for sale or transfer.  Our transfer agent may be reached at:
 
 
 
 
 
Transfer Online, Inc.
317 SW Alder Street, 2nd Floor
Portland, OR 97204
 
503.227.2950
 
Attn: Mark Knight
 
Q:
 
 
 
Can I require the company to purchase my stock?
 
 
 
 
 
Yes.  Under Nevada law, you are entitled to appraisal and purchase of your stock as a result of the reincorporation.  See the section entitled “Dissenters’ Right of Appraisal.”
 
Q:
 
 
 
Who will pay the costs of reincorporation?
 
A:
 
 
 
We will pay all of the costs of reincorporation in Delaware, including the costs of preparing and distributing this Information Statement.  We may also pay brokerage firms and other custodians for their reasonable expenses for forwarding information materials to the beneficial owners of our common stock.  We do not anticipate contracting for other services in connection with the reincorporation.
 
Q:
 
 
 
Will I have to pay taxes on the new certificates?
 
A:
 
 
 
We believe the reincorporation is not a taxable event and that you will be entitled to the same tax basis in the shares of SMI-Delaware that you had in your shares of our common stock.  However, every stockholder’s tax situation is different, and you should consult with your personal tax advisor regarding the tax effect of the reincorporation.
 

THE DISCUSSION CONTAINED IN THIS INFORMATION STATEMENT IS QUALIFIED IN ITS ENTIRETY BY REFERENCE TO THE REINCORPORATION MERGER AGREEMENT, THE SMI PRODUCTS, INC., A DELAWARE CORPORATION, CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION AND BYLAWS, AND BY THE APPLICABLE PROVISIONS OF NEVADA CORPORATE LAW AND DELAWARE CORPORATE LAW.

Background and Purpose

The following discussion summarizes the important aspects of our reincorporation in Delaware.  This summary does not include all of the provisions of the Reincorporation Merger Agreement, the Certificate of Incorporation of SMI-Delaware or the Bylaws of SMI-Delaware, the forms of which are attached as Exhibits A, B and C, respectively.  Copies of the Articles of Incorporation and the Bylaws of SMI Products, Inc., a Nevada corporation are available for inspection at our principal office, and we will send copies to stockholders upon request.

Principal Reasons for Reincorporation in Delaware

We believe that the reincorporation in Delaware will provide a greater measure of flexibility and simplicity in corporate transactions and reduce taxes and other costs of doing business.  Delaware provides a recognized body of corporate law that will facilitate corporate governance by our officers and directors.   For many years, Delaware has followed a policy of encouraging incorporation in that state and, in furtherance of that policy, has adopted comprehensive, modern and flexible corporate laws that are periodically updated and revised to meet changing business needs.  As a result, many major corporations have initially chosen Delaware for their domicile or have subsequently reincorporated in Delaware in a manner similar to that which we proposed.  Because of Delaware’s longstanding policy of encouraging incorporation in that state, and consequently its preeminence as the state of incorporation for many major corporations, the Delaware courts have developed a considerable expertise in dealing with corporate issues and a substantial body of case law has developed construing Delaware law and establishing public policies with respect to Delaware corporations.  It is anticipated that Delaware corporate law will continue to be interpreted and explained in a number of significant court decisions that may provide greater predictability with respect to our corporate legal affairs.   For a discussion of some differences in stockholders’ rights and the powers of management under Delaware law and Nevada law, see “Significant Changes Caused by the Reincorporation; Change in Charter and Bylaws.”
 
5

 

Principal Features of the Reincorporation

The reincorporation in Delaware will be effected by our merger with and into SMI-Delaware, which was incorporated by us in Delaware specifically for this purpose.  SMI-Delaware, which will be the surviving entity, has not engaged in any activities except in connection with the reincorporation.   Our Board of Directors has approved, and recommended to our stockholders, and the holder of a majority of our outstanding shares of common stock has adopted and approved, the Reincorporation Merger Agreement pursuant to which our company will be merged with and into SMI-Delaware.  This Information Statement summarizes the material terms of the Reincorporation Merger Agreement, as well as the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of SMI-Delaware, the successor Delaware company under which our business will be conducted after the reincorporation.  The full texts of the Reincorporation Merger Agreement, the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws are attached as Exhibits A, B and C, respectively.  Upon effectiveness of the reincorporation, SMI Products, Inc., a Nevada corporation will be merged with and into SMI-Delaware pursuant to the Reincorporation Merger Agreement, resulting in a change of our state of incorporation from Nevada to Delaware.  We will then be subject to the Delaware General Corporation Law and the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of SMI-Delaware, which will replace our current Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws.  These changes may alter the rights of our stockholders.  See “Significant Changes Caused by the Reincorporation; Change in Charter and Bylaws.”

Effective Date of Merger.

The effectiveness of the reincorporation is conditioned upon the filing of Articles of Merger with the State of Nevada and a Certificate of Merger with the State of Delaware.  We anticipate the reincorporation will become effective twenty (20) days after the date of mailing of this Information Statement.  As a result of the reincorporation, we will cease our corporate existence in the State of Nevada.

No Change in Business, Management, Board Members, Assets or Liabilities.

The reincorporation will not result in any changes in our business, management, assets, liabilities or net worth.  Upon completion of the reincorporation, SMI-Delaware will succeed by operation of law to all of our business, assets and liabilities.  The Board of Directors and officers of SMI-Delaware will consist of the same persons serving as our directors and officers prior to the reincorporation.  Our daily business operations will continue at our principal executive offices at 122 Ocean Park Blvd., Suite 307, Santa Monica, CA 90405.

Exchange of Stock Certificates.

IT WILL NOT BE NECESSARY FOR OUR STOCKHOLDERS TO EXCHANGE THEIR EXISTING STOCK CERTIFICATES FOR CERTIFICATES OF SMI-DELAWARE; OUTSTANDING STOCK CERTIFICATES OF OUR COMPANY SHOULD NOT BE DESTROYED OR SENT TO US.  The common stock of SMI-Delaware will be quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, which will consider the existing stock certificates as constituting “good delivery” in transactions subsequent to the reincorporation.

Significant Changes Caused by the Reincorporation

Change in Authorized Capital

Our current authorized capital consists of 100,000,000 shares of capital stock, all of which are shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share.  Following the reincorporation, our authorized capital will continue to consist of 110,000,000 shares of capital stock, consisting of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, with the right conferred upon the Board of Directors to set the dividend, voting, conversion, liquidation and other rights, as well as the qualifications, limitations and restrictions, with respect to such preferred stock as the Board of Directors may determine from time to time. On the Record Date of this Information Statement, there were 7,551,000 shares of our common stock and no shares of preferred stock.

 
6

 

issued and outstanding.  As a result of the Reincorporation Merger and the one-for-ten exchange contemplated by the Reincorporation Merger, we will have outstanding 755,100 shares of common stock.  As of the Record Date, we had no outstanding warrants or stock options.

We have no present plans, understandings or agreements, and we are not engaged in any negotiations, that will involve the issuance of capital stock.  However, our Board of Directors believes it prudent to have shares of capital stock available for such corporate purposes as our Board of Directors may from time to time deem necessary and advisable, including for acquisitions and the raising of additional capital.  We currently have no arrangements or understandings for the issuance of additional shares of capital stock, although opportunities for acquisitions and equity financings could arise at any time.

Change in Charter and Bylaws

We are incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada, and SMI-Delaware is incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware.  Our corporate affairs are currently governed by Nevada corporate law and our Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws, which were created pursuant to Nevada law.  On the effective date of the reincorporation, issues of corporate governance and control will be controlled by Delaware law and SMI-Delaware’s Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, which were created under Delaware law.

The following discussion summarizes briefly some of the changes resulting from the Reincorporation Merger and certain significant differences between Nevada corporate law and Delaware corporate law.  The following discussion does not purport to be a complete statement of such laws.  Stockholders should refer to the Delaware General Corporation Law and the Nevada General Corporation Law to understand how these laws apply to SMI-Delaware and our company, respectively.

Classified Board of Directors.  Delaware law permits any Delaware corporation to classify its board of directors into as many as three classes as equally as possible with staggered terms of office.  After initial implementation of a classified board, one class will be elected at each annual meeting of the stockholders to serve for a term of one, two or three years (depending upon the number of classes into which directors are classified) or until their successors are elected and take office.  Nevada law also permits corporations to classify boards of directors provided that at least one-fourth of the total number of directors is elected annually.  We do not have a classified board, and it is not currently expected that SMI-Delaware’s board of directors will be classified in the near future.

Removal of Directors.  With respect to removal of directors, under Nevada law, any one or all of the directors of a corporation may be removed by the holders of not less than two-thirds of the voting power of a corporation’s issued and outstanding stock.  Nevada does not distinguish between removal of directors with or without cause.  Under Delaware law, directors of a corporation without a classified board may be removed with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of shares then entitled to vote in an election of directors.
 
7

 
 
Dividend Rights and Repurchase of Shares.  Delaware law is more restrictive than Nevada law with respect to when dividends may be paid.  Under Delaware law, unless further restricted in the certificate of incorporation, a corporation may declare and pay dividends out of surplus, or if no surplus exists, out of net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and/or the preceding fiscal year (provided that the amount of capital of the corporation is not less than the aggregate amount of the capital represented by the issued and outstanding stock of all classes having a preference upon the distribution of assets).  In addition, Delaware law provides that a corporation may redeem or repurchase its shares only if the capital of the corporation is not impaired and such redemption or repurchase would not impair the capital of the corporation.

Nevada law provides that no distribution (including dividends on, or redemption or repurchases of, shares of capital stock) may be made if, after giving effect to such distribution, the corporation would not be able to pay its debts as they become due in the usual course of business, or, except as specifically permitted by the articles of incorporation, the corporation’s total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities plus the amount that would be needed at the time of a dissolution to satisfy the preferential rights of preferred stockholders.

Indemnification of Directors and Officers.  Both Delaware and Nevada, in a substantially similar manner, permit a corporation to indemnify officers, directors, employees and agents for actions taken in good faith and in a manner they reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal action, which they had no reasonable cause to believe were unlawful.  Both our company and SMI-Delaware provide for such indemnification under their respective charters and bylaws.

Limitation on Personal Liability of Directors.  A Delaware corporation is permitted to adopt provisions in its certificate of incorporation limiting or eliminating the liability of a director to a company and its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, provided that such liability does not arise from certain proscribed conduct, including breach of the duty of loyalty, acts or omissions not in good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law or liability to the corporation based on unlawful dividends or distributions or improper personal benefit.  SMI-Delaware’s Certificate of Incorporation will limit the liability of directors to SMI-Delaware to the fullest extent permitted by law.

While Nevada law has a similar provision permitting the adoption of provisions in the articles of incorporation limiting personal liability, the Nevada provision does differ from the Delaware provision. First, the Nevada provision applies to both directors and officers.  Second, a Nevada corporation is not allowed to limit the liability of an officer or director if it is proven that his act or failure to act constituted a breach of his fiduciary duties as a director or officer and his breach of those duties involved intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of law.

Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation/Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws.  In general, both Delaware law and Nevada law require the approval of the holders of a majority of all outstanding shares entitled to vote to approve proposed amendments to a corporation’s certificate/articles of incorporation.  Both Delaware law and Nevada law also provide that, in addition to the vote described above, the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of a class may be required to amend the certificate/articles of incorporation.  Neither state requires stockholder approval for the board of directors of a corporation to fix the voting powers, designation, preferences, limitations, restrictions and rights of a class of stock provided that the corporation’s organizational documents grant such power to its board of directors.  Both Nevada law and Delaware law permit, in general, the number of authorized shares of any such class of stock to be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares then outstanding) by the board of directors unless otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation or resolution adopted pursuant to the certificate of incorporation, respectively.

Actions by Written Consent of Stockholders.  Nevada law and Delaware law each provide that, unless the articles/certificate of incorporation provide otherwise, any action required or permitted to be taken at a meeting of the stockholders may be taken without a meeting if the holders of outstanding stock having at least the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting consent to the action in writing. In addition, Delaware law requires the corporation to give prompt notice of the taking of corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent to those stockholders who did not consent in writing. Our Bylaws provide that stockholder action by written consent is permitted.  SMI-Delaware’s Bylaws follow the statutory guidelines set forth above.
 
 
8

 
 
Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Reincorporation

The following is a discussion of certain federal income tax consequences to holders of our common stock who receive shares of SMI-Delaware common stock in exchange for their SMI Products, Inc., a Nevada corporation common stock as a result of the Reincorporation Merger.  The discussion is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Code”), and laws, regulations, rulings and decisions in effect as of the date of this Information Statement, all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect, and to differing interpretations. No state, local or foreign tax consequences are addressed herein.

This discussion is for general information only and does not purport to be a complete discussion or analysis of all potential tax consequences that may apply to a stockholder.  In view of the varying nature of such tax consequences, stockholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors as to the specific tax consequences to them of the Reincorporation Merger, including the applicability of federal, state, local or foreign tax laws.

We believe that, for federal income tax purposes, no gain or loss will be recognized by our company, SMI-Delaware or our stockholders who receive SMI-Delaware common stock for their shares of our common stock in connection with the reincorporation.  The aggregate tax basis of the shares of SMI-Delaware common stock received by a stockholder of our company as a result of the reincorporation will be the same as the stockholder’s aggregate tax basis in the shares of our common stock converted into such shares of SMI-Delaware common stock.  A stockholder who holds our common stock will include in his holding period for the SMI-Delaware common stock that he receives as a result of the reincorporation, his holding period for our common stock.

Because of the complexity of the capital gains and loss provisions of the Code and the uniqueness of each individual’s capital gain or loss situation, stockholders contemplating exercising statutory dissenters’ rights should consult their own tax advisors regarding the federal income tax consequences of exercising such rights.  Additionally, state, local or foreign income tax consequences to stockholders may vary from the federal income tax consequences described above, and STOCKHOLDERS ARE URGED TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS AS TO THE CONSEQUENCES TO THEM OF THE REINCORPORATION UNDER ALL APPLICABLE TAX LAWS.

Dissenters’ Right of Appraisal

Common stockholders of our company that follow the appropriate procedures are entitled to dissent from the consummation of the reincorporation and receive payment of the fair value of their shares under Sections 92A.300 through 92A.500 of the Nevada General Corporation Law.

The following information is intended as a brief summary of the material provisions of the statutory procedures you must follow in order to perfect your appraisal rights.  You are urged to read the full text of the Nevada dissenters’ rights statute, which is reprinted in its entirety and attached as Exhibit D to this document.  A person having a beneficial interest in shares of our common stock that are held of record in the name of another person, such as a bank, broker or other nominee, must act promptly to cause the record holder to follow the steps summarized below, properly and in a timely manner, if such person wishes to perfect any dissenters’ rights such person may have.

This discussion and Exhibit D should be reviewed carefully by you if you wish to exercise statutory dissenters’ rights or wish to preserve the right to do so, because failure to strictly comply with any of the procedural requirements of the Nevada dissenters’ rights statute may result in a termination or waiver of dissenters’ rights under the Nevada dissenters’ rights statute.

Under the Nevada dissenters’ rights statute, you have the right to dissent from the reincorporation and demand payment of the fair value of your shares of common stock.  If you elect to dissent, you must not consent to or approve the proposed reincorporation.  If you do consent to or approve the reincorporation, you will not be entitled to dissenters’ rights.  The “fair value” of the shares as used in the Nevada dissenters’ rights statute is the
 
 
9

 
 
value of the shares immediately before the effectuation of the proposed reincorporation, excluding any appreciation or depreciation in anticipation of the reincorporation unless exclusion would be inequitable.

Within ten (10) days after the effective time of the reincorporation, we will give written notice of the effective time of the reincorporation by certified mail to each stockholder entitled to assert dissenters’ rights.  The notice will also state where demand for payment must be sent and where share certificates shall be deposited, among other information.  Within the time period set forth in the notice, which may not be less than thirty (30) days nor more than sixty (60) days following the date notice is delivered, the dissenting stockholder must make a written demand on us for payment of the fair value of his or her shares and deposit his or her share certificates in accordance with the notice.

Within thirty (30) days after the receipt of demand for the fair value of the dissenters’ shares, we will pay to each dissenter who complied with the required procedures the amount we estimate to be the fair value of the dissenters’ shares, plus accrued interest.  Additionally, we will mail to each dissenting stockholder certain financial statements, a statement as to how fair value was calculated, a statement as to how interest was calculated, a statement of the dissenters’ right to demand payment of fair value under Nevada law, and a copy of the relevant provisions of Nevada law.

A dissenting stockholder, within thirty (30) days following receipt of payment for the shares, may send us a notice containing such stockholder’s own estimate of fair value and accrued interest, and demand payment for that amount less the amount received pursuant to our payment of fair value to such stockholder.

If a demand for payment remains unsettled, we will petition the court to determine fair value and accrued interest.  If we fail to commence an action within sixty (60) days following the receipt of the stockholder’s demand, we will pay to the stockholder the amount demanded by the stockholder in the stockholder’s notice containing the stockholder’s estimate of fair value and accrued interest.

If you wish to seek dissenters’ rights, you are urged to review the applicable Nevada statutes attached to this Information Statement as Exhibit D.

INTEREST OF CERTAIN PERSONS IN OR OPPOSITION
TO MATTERS TO BE ACTED UPON

None of our officers, directors or any of their respective affiliates has any substantial interest in the proposal to be acted upon.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Information Statement may contain certain “forward-looking” statements as such term is defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) in its rules, regulations and releases, which represent our expectations or beliefs, including, but not limited to, statements concerning our operations, economic performance, financial condition, growth and acquisition strategies, investments, and future operational plans.  For this purpose, any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “estimate,” “might,” or “continue” or the negative or other variations thereof or comparable terminology are intended to identify forward-looking statements.  These statements, by their nature, involve substantial risks and uncertainties, certain of which are beyond our control, and actual results may differ materially depending on a variety of important factors, including uncertainty related to acquisitions, governmental regulation, managing and maintaining growth, volatility of stock prices and any other factors discussed in this and other of our filings with the SEC.

INCORPORATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2005, as filed with the SEC (“Annual Report”), is incorporated in its entirety by reference into this Information Statement.   This Information
 
 
10

 

 
Statement is accompanied by a copy of the Annual Report.   We will provide, without charge, to each stockholder as of the record date, upon the written or oral request of the stockholder and by first class mail or other equally prompt means within one business day of our receipt of such request, additional copies of the Annual Report that we have incorporated by reference into this Information Statement, as well as all amendments thereto, including the financial statements and schedules, as filed with the SEC.  Stockholders should direct the written request to SMI Products, Inc., a Nevada corporation, Inc., 122 Ocean Park Blvd., Suite 307, Santa Monica, CA 90405, Attn: Robert L. B. Diener.

As the requisite stockholder vote for each of the actions described in this Information Statement was obtained upon the delivery of written consent from the holder of a majority of our outstanding shares of common stock, WE ARE NOT ASKING YOU FOR A PROXY AND YOU ARE REQUESTED NOT TO SEND US A PROXY.  This Information Statement is for informational purposes only.  Please read this Information Statement carefully.

DELIVERY OF DOCUMENTS TO SECURITY HOLDERS SHARING AN ADDRESS

One Information Statement will be delivered to multiple stockholders sharing an address unless we receive contrary instructions from one or more of the stockholders sharing such address.  Upon receipt of such notice, we will undertake to promptly deliver a separate copy of this Information Statement to the stockholder at the shared address to which a single copy of the Information Statement was delivered and provide instructions as to how the stockholder can notify us that the stockholder wishes to receive a separate copy of this Information Statement or other communications to the stockholder in the future.  In the event a stockholder desires to provide us with such notice, it may be given verbally by telephoning our offices at (310) 396-1691 or by mail to our address at SMI Products, Inc., a Nevada corporation, Inc., 122 Ocean Park Blvd., Suite 307, Santa Monica, CA 90405, Attn: Robert L. B. Diener.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We are subject to the information and reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and in accordance with the Exchange Act, we file periodic reports, documents and other information with the SEC relating to our business, financial statements and other matters.  These reports and other information may be inspected and are available for copying at the offices of the SEC, 450 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20549 or may be accessed on the SEC website at www.sec.gov.

 
11

 
 
EXHIBIT A

Reincorporation Merger Agreement

 
 
 

 
 
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

This AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (hereinafter called this “Agreement”), dated as of                          , 2006, is entered into between SMI Products, Inc., a Nevada corporation, Inc., a public company incorporated in the State of Nevada (the “Company”) and SMI Products Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (“SMI-Delaware”).

RECITALS

WHEREAS, the board of directors of each of the Company and SMI-Delaware deems it advisable, upon the terms and subject to the conditions herein stated, that the Company be merged with and into SMI-Delaware and that SMI-Delaware be the surviving corporation (the “Reincorporation Merger”); and

WHEREAS, the Company will submit this Agreement for approval by written consent of the holders of shares of common stock, $0.001 par value, of the Company (“common stock”).

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of the agreements of the parties hereto contained herein, the parties hereto agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

THE REINCORPORATION MERGER; EFFECTIVE TIME

1.1. The Reincorporation Merger.  Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Effective Time (as defined in Section 1.2), the Company shall be merged with and into SMI-Delaware whereupon the separate existence of the Company shall cease.  SMI-Delaware shall be the surviving corporation (sometimes hereinafter referred to as the “Surviving Corporation”) in the Reincorporation Merger and shall continue to be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware.  The Reincorporation Merger shall have the effects specified in the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as amended (the “DGCL”), and in the General Corporation Law of the State of Nevada, as amended (the “NGCL”), and the Surviving Corporation shall succeed, without other transfer, to all of the assets and property (whether real, personal or mixed), rights, privileges, franchises, immunities and powers of the Company, and shall assume and be subject to all of the duties, liabilities, obligations and restrictions of every kind and description of the Company, including, without limitation, all outstanding indebtedness of the Company.

1.2. Effective Time.  Provided that the condition set forth in Section 5.1 has been fulfilled or waived in accordance with this Agreement and that this Agreement has not been terminated or abandoned pursuant to Section 6.1, on the date of the closing of the Reincorporation Merger, the Company and SMI-Delaware shall cause Articles of Merger to be executed and filed with the Secretary of State of Nevada (the “Nevada

 
A-1

 
 
Articles of Merger”) and a Certificate of Merger to be executed and filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware (the “Delaware Certificate of Merger”).  The Reincorporation Merger shall become effective upon the date and time specified in the Nevada Articles of Merger and the Delaware Certificate of Merger (the “Effective Time”).

ARTICLE II

CHARTER AND BYLAWS OF THE SURVIVING CORPORATION

2.1. The Certificate of Incorporation.  The certificate of incorporation of SMI-Delaware in effect at the Effective Time shall be the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation, until amended in accordance with the provisions provided therein or applicable law.

2.2. The Bylaws.  The bylaws of SMI-Delaware in effect at the Effective Time shall be the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation, until amended in accordance with the provisions provided therein or applicable law.

ARTICLE III

OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS OF THE SURVIVING CORPORATION

3.1. Officers.  The officers of the Company at the Effective Time shall, from and after the Effective Time, be the officers of the Surviving Corporation, until their successors have been duly elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal.

3.2. Directors.  The directors of the Company at the Effective Time shall, from and after the Effective Time, be the directors of the Surviving Corporation, until their successors have been duly elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal.

ARTICLE IV

EFFECT OF MERGER ON CAPITAL STOCK

4.1. Effect of Merger on Capital Stock.  At the Effective Time, as a result of the Reincorporation Merger and without any action on the part of the Company, SMI-Delaware or the shareholders of the Company:

(a)  Each ten (10) shares of common stock (other than shares (“Dissenting Shares”) that are owned by shareholders (“Dissenting Shareholders”) exercising dissenters’ rights pursuant to the relevant provisions of Sections 92A.300 through 92A.500 of the NGCL) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted (without the surrender of stock certificates or any other
 
 
A-2

 

 
action) into one (1) fully paid and non-assessable shares of common stock, par value $0.001, of SMI-Delaware (“Delaware common stock”), with the same rights, powers and privileges as the shares so converted and all shares of common stock shall be cancelled and retired and shall cease to exist.

(b)  Each option, warrant or other security of the Company issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be (i) converted into and shall be an identical security of SMI-Delaware, and (ii) in the case of securities to acquire common stock, converted into the right to acquire on—tenth Of a share (1/10) share of Delaware common stock for each share of common stock that was acquirable pursuant to such option, warrant or other security.  A sufficient number of shares of Delaware common stock shall be reserved for purposes of the exercise of such options, warrants or other securities for each share of common stock so reserved as of the Effective Time.

(c)  Each share of Delaware common stock owned by the Company shall no longer be outstanding and shall be cancelled and retired and shall cease to exist.

4.2. Certificates.  At and after the Effective Time, all of the outstanding certificates that immediately prior thereto represented shares of common stock (other than Dissenting Shares), options, warrants or other securities of the Company shall be deemed for all purposes to evidence ownership of and to represent the shares of the respective Delaware common stock, options, warrants or other securities of SMI-Delaware, as the case may be, into which the shares of common stock, options, warrants or other securities of the Company represented by such certificates have been converted as herein provided and shall be so registered on the books and records of the Surviving Corporation or its transfer agent.  The registered owner of any such outstanding certificate shall, until such certificate shall have been surrendered for transfer or otherwise accounted for to the Surviving Corporation or its transfer agent, have and be entitled to exercise any voting and other rights with respect to, and to receive any dividends and other distributions upon, the shares of Delaware common stock, options, warrants or other securities of SMI-Delaware, as the case may be, evidenced by such outstanding certificate, as above provided.

4.3. Dissenters’ Rights.  No Dissenting Shareholder shall be entitled to shares of Delaware common stock under this Article IV unless and until the holder thereof shall have failed to perfect or shall have effectively withdrawn or lost such holder’s right to dissent from the Reincorporation Merger under the NGCL, and any Dissenting Shareholder shall be entitled to receive only the payment provided by the relevant provisions of Sections 92A.300 through 92A.500 of the NGCL with respect to Dissenting Shares owned by such Dissenting Shareholder.  If any person or entity who otherwise would be deemed a Dissenting Shareholder shall have failed to properly perfect or shall have effectively withdrawn or lost the right to dissent with respect to any shares that would be Dissenting Shares but for that failure to perfect or withdrawal or loss of the right to dissent, such Dissenting Shares shall thereupon be treated as though such Dissenting Shares had been converted into shares of Delaware common stock pursuant to Section 4.1 hereof.
 
A-3

 
 
ARTICLE V

CONDITION

5.1. Condition to Each Party’s Obligation to Effect the Reincorporation Merger.  The respective obligation of each party hereto to effect the Reincorporation Merger is subject to receipt prior to the Effective Time of the requisite approval of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby by the holders of common stock pursuant to the NGCL and the Articles of Incorporation of the Company.

ARTICLE VI

TERMINATION

6.1. Termination.  This Agreement may be terminated, and the Reincorporation Merger may be abandoned, at any time prior to the Effective Time, whether before or after approval of this Agreement by the shareholders of the Company, if the board of directors of the Company determines for any reason, in its sole judgment and discretion, that the consummation of the Reincorporation Merger would be inadvisable or not in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders.  In the event of the termination and abandonment of this Agreement, this Agreement shall become null and void and have no effect, without any liability on the part of either the Company or SMI-Delaware, or any of their respective shareholders, directors or officers.

ARTICLE VII

MISCELLANEOUS AND GENERAL

7.1. Modification or Amendment.  Subject to the provisions of applicable law, at any time prior to the Effective Time, the parties hereto may modify or amend this Agreement; provided, however, that an amendment made subsequent to the approval of this Agreement by the holders of common stock shall not (i) alter or change the amount or kind of shares and/or rights to be received in exchange for or on conversion of all or any of the shares or any class or series thereof of such corporation, (ii) alter or change any provision of the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation to be effected by the Reincorporation Merger, or (iii) alter or change any of the terms or conditions of this Agreement if such alteration or change would adversely affect the holders of any class or series of capital stock of any of the parties hereto.

7.2. Counterparts.  This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each such counterpart being deemed to be an original instrument, and all such counterparts shall together constitute the same agreement.

 
A-4

 
 
7.3. GOVERNING LAW.  THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE MADE IN AND IN ALL RESPECTS SHALL BE INTERPRETED, CONSTRUED AND GOVERNED BY AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CONFLICT OF LAW PRINCIPLES THEREOF.

7.4. Entire Agreement.  This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and supercedes all other prior agreements, understandings, representations and warranties, both written and oral, among the parties, with respect to the subject matter hereof.

7.5. No Third Party Beneficiaries.  This Agreement is not intended to confer upon any person other than the parties hereto any rights or remedies hereunder.

7.6. Severability.  The provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed severable and the invalidity or unenforceability of any provision shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the other provisions hereof.  If any provision of this Agreement, or the application thereof to any person or any circumstance, is determined by any court or other authority of competent jurisdiction to be invalid or unenforceable, (a) a suitable and equitable provision shall be substituted therefor in order to carry out, so far as may be valid and enforceable, the intent and purpose of such invalid or unenforceable provision and (b) the remainder of this Agreement and the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected by such invalidity or unenforceability, nor shall such invalidity or unenforceability affect the validity or enforceability of such provision, or the application thereof, in any other jurisdiction.

7.7. Headings.  The headings herein are for convenience of reference only, do not constitute part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or otherwise affect any of the provisions hereof.

[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
 
 
A-5

 
 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the duly authorized officers of the parties hereto as of the date first written above.
 
SMI Products, Inc.
 
a Nevada corporation
 
 
 
By
    
 
 
Name:
 
 
 
Title:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SMI Products, Inc.
 
a Delaware corporation
 
 
 
By
                    
 
 
Name:
 
 
 
Title:
 

 
 
 
A-6

 

 

EXHIBIT B

Certificate of Incorporation
of
SMI Products, Inc.
(a Delaware corporation)

 
 
 
 

 

 
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

OF

SMI PRODUCTS, INC.

(A Delaware Corporation)

I, the undersigned, for the purposes of incorporating and organizing a corporation under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”), do execute this Certificate of Incorporation and do hereby certify as follows:
 
FIRST.
The name of the corporation is SMI Products, Inc. (the “Corporation”).
 
 
SECOND.
The address of the Corporation’s registered office in the State of Delaware is [insert], Dover, County of Kent, Delaware 19901. The name of its registered agent at such address is [insert}.
 
 
THIRD.
The purpose of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the DGCL.
 
 
FOURTH.
 

(a)           Authorized Capital.  The total number of shares of all classes of stock which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is 110,000,000, of which 100,000,000 shares, par value of $0.001 shall be designated as Common Stock (“Common Stock”), and 10,000,000 shares, par value of $0.001, shall be designated as Preferred Stock (“Preferred Stock”).).
 
(b)           Common Stock.

(i)            Dividends.  Subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of Preferred Stock with respect to the payment of dividends and the requirements, if any, with respect to the setting aside of sums as sinking funds or redemption or purchase accounts for the benefit of such holders and subject to any other conditions that may be fixed in or pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (c) of this Article Fourth, the holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive such dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by the Board of Directors on the Common Stock out of assets which are legally available therefor.  Any such dividends shall be divided among the holders of the Common Stock on a pro rata basis..

(ii)           LiquidationLiquidation.  In the event of any liquidation of the Corporation, after payment or provision for payment of the debts and liabilities of the Corporation and after distribution to the holders of Preferred Stock of the amounts fixed in or pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (c) of this Article Fourth, the holders of the Common Stock shall be entitled to receive all the remaining assets of the Corporation, tangible and intangible, of whatever kind available for distribution to stockholders.  Any such assets shall be divided among the holders of Common Stock on a pro rata basis.
 
 
B-1

 

(iii)          Voting.  Except as may otherwise be required by law and subject to the rights of the holders of Preferred Stock fixed in or pursuant to paragraph (c) of this Article Fourth, each holder of Common Stock shall have one vote for each share of Common Stock held by such holder on each matter submitted to a vote of the stockholders.

(c)                    Preferred Stock.

(i)            General.  Shares of the Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series, the shares of each series to have any designations and powers, preferences and rights, and qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof, as are stated and expressed in any resolution or resolutions providing for the issue of such series adopted by the Board of Directors as hereinafter prescribed (a “Preferred Stock Designation”).

(ii)           Authority of Board of Directors; Preferred Stock Designation.  Authority is hereby expressly granted to and vested in the Board of Directors to authorize the issuance of the Preferred Stock from time to time in one or more series, and with respect to each series of the Preferred Stock, to fix and state by the resolution or resolutions from time to time adopted providing for the issuance thereof the following:

(1)           whether or not the series is to have voting rights, full, special or limited, or is to be without voting rights, and whether or not such series is to be entitled to vote as a separate class either alone or together with the holders of one or more other classes or series of stock;

(2)           the number of shares to constitute the series and the designations thereof;

(3)           the preferences and relative, participating, optional, or other special rights, if any, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, if any, with respect to any series;

(4)           whether or not the shares of any series shall be redeemable at the option of the Corporation or the holders thereof or upon the happening of any specified event, and, if redeemable, the redemption price or prices (which may be payable in the form of cash, notes, securities or other property), and the time or times at which and the terms and conditions upon which such shares shall be redeemable and the manner of redemption;

(5)           whether or not the shares of a series shall be subject to the operation of retirement or sinking funds to be applied to the purchase or redemption of such shares for retirement, and, if such retirement or sinking fund or funds are to be

 
B-2

 

established, the periodic amount thereof, and the terms and provisions relative to the operation thereof;

(6)           the dividend rate, whether dividends are payable in cash, stock of the Corporation or other property, the conditions upon which and the times when such dividends are payable, the preference to or the relation to the payment of dividends payable on any other class or classes or series of stock, whether or not such dividends shall be cumulative or noncumulative, and if cumulative, the date or dates from which such dividends shall accumulate;

(7)           the preferences, if any, and the amounts thereof which the holders of any series thereof shall be entitled to receive upon the voluntary or involuntary dissolution of, or upon any distribution of the assets of, the Corporation;

(8)           whether or not the shares of any series, at the option of the Corporation or the holder thereof or upon the happening of any specified event, shall be convertible into or exchangeable for the shares of any other class or classes or of any other series of the same or any other class or classes of stock, securities or other property of the Corporation and the conversion price or prices or ratio or ratios or the rate or rates at which such conversion or exchange may be made, with such adjustments, if any, as shall be stated and expressed or provided for in such resolution or resolutions; and

(9)           any other special rights and protective provisions with respect to any series that the Board of Directors may deem advisable.

(iii)          Separate Series; Increase or Decrease in Authorized Shares.  The shares of each series of Preferred Stock may vary from the shares of any other series thereof in any or all of the foregoing respects and in any other manner.  The Board of Directors may increase the number of shares of Preferred Stock designated for any existing series by a resolution adding to such series authorized and unissued shares of Preferred Stock not designated for any other series.  Unless otherwise provided in the Preferred Stock Designation, the Board of Directors may decrease the number of shares of Preferred Stock designated for any existing series by a resolution subtracting from such series authorized and unissued shares of Preferred Stock designated for such existing series, and the shares so subtracted shall become authorized, unissued and undesignated shares of Preferred Stock.

(d) General.

(i)            Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation, the Corporation may issue shares of Preferred Stock and Common Stock from time to time for such consideration (not less than the par value thereof) as may be fixed by the Board of Directors, which is expressly authorized to fix the same in its absolute discretion.  Shares so issued for which the consideration shall have been paid or delivered to the Corporation shall be deemed fully paid stock and shall not be liable to any further call or assessment thereon, and the holders of such shares shall not be liable for any further payments in respect of such shares.

(ii)           Subject to the provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation, the Corporation shall have authority to create and issue rights and options entitling their holders to purchase shares of the capital stock of the Corporation of any class or series or other securities of the Corporation, and such rights and options shall be evidenced by instrument approved by the Board of Directors.  The Board of Directors shall be empowered to set the exercise price, duration, times for exercise and other terms of such rights or options.

(iii)          No stockholder of the Corporation shall by reason of his or her holding shares of any class of capital stock of the Corporation have any preemptive or preferential right to acquire or subscribe for any additional, unissued or treasury shares (whether now or hereafter acquired) of any class of capital stock of the Corporation now or hereafter to be authorized, or any notes, debentures, bonds or other securities convertible into or carrying any right, option or warrant to subscribe for or acquire shares of any class of capital stock of the Corporation now or hereafter to be authorized, whether or not the issuance of any such shares or such notes, debentures, bonds or other securities would adversely affect the dividends or voting or other rights of that stockholder.
 
(iv)          Cumulative voting of shares of any capital stock having voting rights shall not be permitted.
 
FIFTH.
The name and mailing address of the incorporator is Robert L. B. Diener, 122 Ocean Park Blvd., Suite 307, Santa Monica, CA 90405.
 
 
SIXTH.
The Board of Directors is authorized to adopt, amend or repeal bylaws of the Corporation (“Bylaws”), provided that the power of the Board of Directors to adopt, amend or repeal Bylaws may be limited by an amendment to the Bylaws adopted by the holders of Common Stock that provides that a particular Bylaw or Bylaws may only be adopted, amended or repealed by the holders of Common Stock. The Corporation may, in its Bylaws or otherwise, impose restrictions on the transfer of its shares.

 
B-3

 

 
SEVENTH.
Elections of directors need not be by written ballot except and to the extent provided in the Bylaws.
 
 
EIGHTH.
 

(a)           The number of directors of the Corporation shall be not less than one, the exact number of which and the method by which the directors shall be elected shall be as set forth in the Bylaws.

(b)           Any vacancies on the Board of Directors shall be filled by the holders of Common Stock or by directors elected by the holders of Common Stock in the manner provided for in the Bylaws.

(c)           Any director or the entire Board of Directors may be removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of the Common Stock.
 
NINTH.
A director of the Corporation shall not be liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except to the extent that such exemption from liability or limitation thereof is not permitted under the DGCL as currently in effect or as the same may hereafter be amended. If the DGCL is hereafter amended to eliminate or limit further the liability of a director, then, in addition to the elimination and limitation of liability provided by the preceding sentence, the liability of each director shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL as so amended. Any amendment, modification or repeal of this Article Ninth shall be prospective only and shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director of the Corporation that exists at the time of such amendment, modification or repeal.
 
 
TENTH.
The Corporation shall indemnify and hold harmless, including the advancement of expenses, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended, and in accordance with the Bylaws, any person who was or is made or is threatened to be made a party or is otherwise involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he or she, or a person for whom he or she is the legal representative, is or was a director or officer of the Corporation or, while a director or officer of the Corporation, is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or nonprofit entity, including service with respect to employee benefit plans maintained or sponsored by the Corporation (a “Covered Person”) (including

 
B-4

 

 
 
 
the heirs, executors, administrators and estate of such Covered Person), against all liability and loss suffered and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) reasonably incurred by such Covered Person. The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board, grant rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses to any employee or agent of the Corporation to the fullest extent of the provisions of this Article Tenth with respect to the indemnification and advancement of expenses of directors and officers of the Corporation. Without limiting the generality or the effect of the foregoing, the Corporation may enter into one or more agreements with any person that provide for indemnification greater or different than that provided in this Article Tenth. No amendment or repeal of this Article Tenth shall adversely affect any right or protection existing hereunder or pursuant hereto immediately prior to such amendment or repeal.
 

                IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have signed this Certificate of Incorporation this __ day of September, 2006.
 
                      
 
Robert L. B. Diener
 
Incorporator
 

 

 
 
B-5

 

 

EXHIBIT C

Bylaws
of
SMI Products, Inc.
(a Delaware corporation)

 
 

 

BYLAWS
OF
SMI PRODUCTS, INC.


(A Delaware Corporation)

ARTICLE I

STOCKHOLDERS

Section 1.1.  Annual Meetings.  If required by applicable law, an annual meeting of the holders of Common Stock shall be held each year during the month of February or such other month as may be designated by the board of directors (the “Board of Directors”) on such date and at such time and place, if any, either within or outside the State of Delaware, as may be designated by the Board of Directors from time to time.  At such meeting, the holders of the Common Stock shall elect the Board of Directors and shall transact such other business as may be brought properly before the meeting.  Holders of non-voting stock may be invited, and to the extent there is a matter on which such holders are entitled to vote, such holders shall be invited to attend the annual meeting, but shall not vote except with respect to matters on which their vote is required by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as it may be amended (the “DGCL”) or the certificate of incorporation of the Corporation, as it may be amended (the “Certificate of Incorporation”).

Section 1.2.  Special Meetings.

1.2.1.  Special meetings of stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting may be called at any time by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the President (if he is also a member of the Board of Directors) or the Board of Directors, to be held at such date, time and place, if any, either within or outside the State of Delaware as may be determined by such person or persons calling the meeting and stated in the notice of the meeting. A special meeting shall be called by the President or the Secretary upon one or more written demands (which shall state the purpose or purposes therefore) signed and dated by the holders of shares representing not less than ten percent of all votes entitled to be cast on any issue(s) that may be properly proposed to be considered at the special meeting. If no place is designated in the notice, the place of the meeting shall be the principal office of the Corporation.

1.2.2.  Business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders shall be limited to the purpose or purposes stated in the notice of such meeting.

Section 1.3.  Notice of Meetings.  Whenever stockholders are required or permitted to take any action at a meeting, a notice of the meeting stating the place, if any, date and hour of the meeting, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the

 
C-1

 

meeting is called, shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting. Unless otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the notice of any meeting shall be given not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at such stockholder’s address as it appears on the records of the Corporation.

Section 1.4.  Adjournments.  Any meeting of stockholders, annual or special, may be adjourned from time to time, to reconvene at the same or some other place, and notice need not be given of any such adjourned meeting if the time, place thereof, if any, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than thirty days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.

Section 1.5.  Quorum.  At each meeting of stockholders, except where otherwise provided by law or the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the holders of a majority in voting power of the outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote on a matter at the meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum. Shares entitled to vote as a separate class or series may take action on a matter at a meeting only if a quorum of those shares is present. For purposes of the foregoing, where a separate vote by class or classes or a series or multiple series is required for any matter, the holders of a majority in voting power of the outstanding shares of such class or classes or a series or multiple series, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum to take action with respect to that vote on that matter. In the absence of a quorum of the holders of any class or series of stock entitled to vote on a matter, the holders of such class or series so present or represented may, by majority vote, adjourn the meeting of such class or series with respect to that matter from time to time in the manner provided by Section 1.4 of these Bylaws until a quorum of such class or series shall be so present or represented. Shares of its own capital stock belonging on the record date for the meeting to the Corporation or to another corporation, if a majority of the shares entitled to vote in the election of directors of such other corporation is held, directly or indirectly, by the Corporation, shall neither be entitled to vote nor be counted for quorum purposes; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not limit the right of the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation to vote stock, including but not limited to its own stock, held by it in a fiduciary capacity.

Section 1.6.  Organization.

1.6.1.  The chairman of the annual or any special meeting of the stockholders shall be the Chairman of the Board of Directors, or in the absence of the Chairman, any person designated by the Board of Directors. The Secretary, or in the absence of the

 
C-2

 

Secretary, an Assistant Secretary, shall act as the secretary of the meeting, but in the absence of the Secretary and any Assistant Secretary, the chairman of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.

1.6.2.  The order of business at each such meeting shall be as determined by the chairman of the meeting. The chairman of the meeting shall have the right and authority to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts and things as are necessary or desirable for the proper conduct of the meeting, including, without limitation, the adjournment of any meeting, the establishment of procedures for the maintenance of order and safety, limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments on the affairs of the Corporation, restrictions on entry to such meeting after the time prescribed for the commencement thereof and the opening and closing of the voting polls. The chairman of the meeting shall have absolute authority over matters of procedure and there shall be no appeal from the ruling of the chairman.

1.6.3.  If disorder shall arise that prevents continuation of the legitimate business of the meeting, the chairman may announce the adjournment of the meeting and quit the chair and upon the chairman so doing the meeting is immediately adjourned.

1.6.4.  The chairman may ask or require that anyone who is not a bona fide stockholder or proxyholder leave the meeting.

Section 1.7.  Inspectors.  Prior to any meeting of stockholders, the Board of Directors may, and shall if required by law, appoint one or more inspectors to act at such meeting and make a written report thereof and may designate one or more persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate is able to act at the meeting of stockholders, the person presiding at the meeting may, and shall if required by law, appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. The inspectors need not be stockholders of the Corporation, and any director or officer of the Corporation may be an inspector on any matter other than a vote for or against such director’s or officer’s election to any position with the Corporation or on any other matter in which such officer or director may be directly interested. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability. The inspectors shall ascertain the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, determine the shares represented at the meeting and the validity of proxies and ballots, count all votes and ballots, determine and retain for a reasonable period a record of the disposition of any challenges made to any determination by the inspectors and certify their determination of the number of shares represented at the meeting and their count of all votes and ballots. The inspectors may appoint or retain other persons to assist them in the performance of their duties. The date and time of the opening and closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at a meeting shall be announced at the meeting. No ballot, proxy or vote, nor any revocation thereof or change thereto, shall be accepted by the inspectors after the closing of the polls. In determining the validity and counting of proxies and ballots cast at any meeting of stockholders of the Corporation, the inspectors may consider such information as is permitted by applicable law.
 
C-3

 

Section 1.8.  Voting; Proxies; Nominations; Stockholder Proposals.

1.8.1.  Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, each stockholder entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders shall be entitled to one vote for each share of stock held by such stockholder which has voting power upon the matter in question.  Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to express consent or dissent to corporate action in writing without a meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. A duly executed proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and if, and only as long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power, regardless of whether the interest with which it is coupled is an interest in the stock itself or an interest in the Corporation generally. A stockholder may revoke any proxy which is not irrevocable by attending the meeting and voting in person or by filing an instrument in writing revoking the proxy or another duly executed proxy bearing a later date with the Secretary of the Corporation. Voting at meetings of stockholders need not be by written ballot unless the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of all classes of stock entitled to vote thereon present in person or represented by proxy at such meeting shall so determine. Except where applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws require a different vote, if a quorum exists, action on a matter other than the election of directors is approved if the votes cast favoring the action exceed the votes cast opposing the action. In an election of directors, a plurality of the votes of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at a meeting and entitled to vote for directors is required in order to elect a director.

1.8.2.  The voting rights of shares of Common Stock shall only be as required by applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation.

1.8.3.  Nomination of persons to stand for election to the Board of Directors at any annual or special stockholders meeting may be made by the holders of the Corporation’s Common Stock only if written notice of such stockholder’s intent to make such nomination has been given to the Secretary of the Company not later than 30 days prior to the meeting.

1.8.4.  At any meeting of stockholders, a resolution or motion shall be considered for vote only if the proposal is brought properly before the meeting, which shall be determined by the chairman of the meeting in accordance with the following provisions:
 
 
C-4

 
 
 
1.8.4.1
 
Notice required by these Bylaws and by all applicable federal or state statutes or regulations shall have been given to, or waived by, all stockholders entitled to vote on such proposal. In the event notice periods of different lengths apply to the same proposed action under different laws or regulations, appropriate notice shall be deemed given if there is compliance with the greater of all applicable notice requirements.
 
 
 
1.8.4.2
 
Proposals may be made by the Board of Directors as to matters affecting holders of any class of stock issued by the Corporation. Proposals may also be made by the holders of shares of Common Stock.
 
 
 
1.8.4.3
 
Any proposal made by the Board of Directors or the holders of shares of Common Stock may be made at any time prior to or at the meeting if only the holders of Common Stock are entitled to vote thereon.
 
 
 
1.8.4.4
 
Holders of Common Stock may only make a proposal with respect to which such holders are entitled to vote. Any proposal on which holders of Common Stock are entitled to vote and concerning which proxies may be solicited by the proponent or by management shall be filed with the Secretary by such dates as may be required by the federal securities proxy rules promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
 
 
1.8.4.5
 
Any stockholder who gives notice of any stockholder proposal shall deliver therewith the text of the proposal to be presented and a brief written statement of the reasons why such stockholder favors the proposal and setting forth such stockholder’s name and address, the number and class of all shares of each class of stock of the Corporation beneficially owned by such stockholder and any financial interest of such stockholder in the proposal (other than as a stockholder).

Section 1.9.  Fixing Date for Determination of Stockholders of Record.

1.9.1.  In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting. If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.

 
C-5

 

1.9.2.  In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not be more than ten days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required by law, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in the State of Delaware, its principal place of business, or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to the Corporation’s registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action by the Board of Directors is required by law, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.

1.9.3.  In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than sixty days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.

Section 1.10.  List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote.  The officer who has charge of the stock ledger shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting (i) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of meeting or (ii) during ordinary business hours at the principal place of business of the Corporation. The list of stockholders must also be open to examination at the meeting as required by applicable law. Except as otherwise provided by law (a) the stock ledger shall be the only evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled by this Section 1.10 to examine the list of stockholders required by this Section 1.10 or to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders and (b) failure to prepare or make available the list of stockholders shall not affect the validity of actions taken at the meeting.
 
C-6

 

Section 1.11.  Consent of Stockholders in Lieu of Meeting.  Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation, any action required or permitted to be taken at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted and shall be delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in the State of Delaware, its principal place of business, or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which minutes of proceedings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to the Corporation’s registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. Every written consent shall bear the date of signature of each stockholder who signs the consent and no written consent shall be effective unless, within sixty days of the earliest dated consent delivered to the Corporation in the manner provided by the previous sentence, written consents signed by a sufficient number of holders to take action are delivered to the Corporation in the manner provided by the previous sentence. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall, to the extent required by law, be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing and who, if the action had been taken at a meeting, would have been entitled to notice of the meeting if the record date for such meeting had been the date that written consents signed by a sufficient number of holders to take the action were delivered to the Corporation.

Section 1.12.  Meeting by Remote Communication.  If authorized by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion, and subject to such guidelines and procedures as the Board of Directors may adopt, stockholders and proxyholders not physically present at a meeting of stockholders may, by means of remote communication: (a) participate in a meeting of stockholders; and (b) be deemed present in person and vote at a meeting of stockholders whether such meeting is to be held at a designated place or solely by means of remote communication, provided that (i) the Corporation shall implement reasonable measures to verify that each person deemed present and permitted to vote at the meeting by means of remote communication is a stockholder or proxyholder, (ii) the Corporation shall implement reasonable measures to provide such stockholders and proxyholders a reasonable opportunity to participate in the meeting and to vote on matters submitted to the stockholders, including an opportunity to read or hear the proceedings of the meeting substantially concurrently with such proceedings, and (iii) if any stockholder or proxyholder votes or takes other action at the meeting by means of remote communication, a record of such vote or other action shall be maintained by the Corporation.

ARTICLE II

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Section 2.1.  Powers; Number; Qualifications.  The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors, except
 
C-7

 

as may be otherwise provided by law or in the Certificate of Incorporation. The Board of Directors shall consist of not less than one member, the number thereof to be determined from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors. Directors must be natural persons at least eighteen years of age but need not be stockholders of the Corporation.

Section 2.2.  Election; Term of Office; Resignation; Removal; Newly Created Directorships; Vacancies; Director Emeritus.

2.2.1.  Election; Term of Office.  The Board of Directors shall be elected at each annual meeting of stockholders by the holders of the Common Stock. Each director shall hold office until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until his or her death, earlier resignation, removal or disqualification.

2.2.2.  Resignation.  Any director may resign at any time upon notice to the Board of Directors or to the President or the Secretary of the Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein, and unless otherwise specified therein, no acceptance of such resignation shall be necessary to make it effective.

2.2.3.  Removal.  Any director or the entire Board of Directors may be removed, with or without cause, by holders of a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of the Common Stock. A vacancy on the Board of Directors caused by any such removal may be filled by a majority of the remaining directors at any time before the end of the unexpired term.

2.2.4.  Newly Created Directorships; Vacancies.  Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors between annual meetings shall be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining members of the Board of Directors even if the remaining directors constitute less than a quorum. A director elected to fill a vacancy shall be elected for the unexpired term of such director’s predecessor in office.

Section 2.3.  Annual and Regular Meetings.  The Board of Directors shall hold its annual meeting without notice on the same day and the same place as, but just following, the annual meeting of the holders of Common Stock, or at such other date, time and place as may be determined by the Board of Directors. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held without notice at such dates, times and places as may be determined by the Board of Directors by resolution.

Section 2.4.  Special Meetings; Notice.

2.4.1.  Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held, with proper notice, upon the call of the Chairman of the Board of Directors or by at least two members of the Board of Directors at such time and place as specified in the notice.
 
C-8

 

2.4.2.  Notice of the date, time and place of each special meeting of the Board of Directors shall be given to each director at least 24 hours prior to such meeting. The notice of a special meeting of the Board of Directors need not state the purposes of the meeting. Notice to each director of any special meeting may be given in person; by telephone, telegraph, teletype, electronically transmitted facsimile, or other means of wire or electronic transmission; or by mail or private carrier. Oral notice to a director of any special meeting is effective when communicated. Written notice to a director of any special meeting is effective at the earliest of: (i) the date received; (ii) five days after it is mailed; or (iii) the date shown on the return receipt if mailed by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, if the return receipt is signed by or on behalf of the director to whom the notice is addressed.

Section 2.5.  Participation in Meetings by Conference Telephone Permitted.  Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, directors or members of any committee designated by the Board of Directors may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or of such committee, as the case may be, by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting pursuant to this Bylaw shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

Section 2.6.  Quorum; Vote Required for Action.  At all meetings of the Board of Directors one-third of the directors then in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at such meeting. The vote of a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors. In case at any meeting of the Board of Directors a quorum shall not be present, a majority of the directors present may, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum can be obtained.

Section 2.7.  Organization.  The Board of Directors shall elect a Chairman of the Board of Directors from among its members. If the Board of Directors deems it necessary, it may elect a Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors from among its members to perform the duties of the Chairman of the Board of Directors in such chairman’s absence and such other duties as the Board of Directors may assign. The Chairman of the Board of Directors or, in his absence, the Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors, or in his absence, any director chosen by a majority of the directors present, shall act as chairperson of the meetings of the Board of Directors. The Secretary, any Assistant Secretary, or any other person appointed by the chairperson shall act as secretary of each meeting of the Board of Directors.

Section 2.8.  Action by Directors Without a Meeting.  Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board of Directors or of such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission and the writing or writings or electronic transmission are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee. Such filings shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.
 
C-9

 

Section 2.9.  Compensation of Directors.  Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the Board of Directors shall determine and fix the compensation, if any, and the reimbursement of expenses which shall be allowed and paid to the directors. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity or any of its subsidiaries in any other capacity and receiving proper compensation therefore.

ARTICLE III

COMMITTEES

Section 3.1.  Committees.  The Board of Directors may, by a vote of the majority of the directors then in office, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent permitted by law and provided in the resolution of the Board of Directors or in these Bylaws, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it.

Section 3.2.  Committee Rules.  Unless the Board of Directors otherwise provides, each committee designated by the Board of Directors may adopt, amend and repeal rules for the conduct of its business. In the absence of a provision by the Board of Directors or a provision in the rules of such committee to the contrary, a majority of the entire authorized number of members of such committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, the vote of a majority of the members present at a meeting at the time of such vote if a quorum is then present shall be the act of such committee, and in other respects each committee shall conduct its business in the same manner as the Board of Directors conducts its business pursuant to Article II of these Bylaws. Each committee shall prepare minutes of its meetings which shall be delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation for inclusion in the Corporation’s records.
 
C-10

 

ARTICLE IV

OFFICERS

Section 4.1.   Officers; Election.  The Board of Directors shall, annually or at such times as the Board of Directors may designate, appoint a President, a Secretary and a Treasurer, and elect from among its members a Chairman. The Board of Directors may also appoint one or more Vice Presidents, one or more Assistant Vice Presidents, one or more Assistant Secretaries, and one or more Assistant Treasurers and such other officers as the Board of Directors may deem desirable or appropriate and may give any of them such further designations or alternate titles as it considers desirable. The Board of Directors may delegate, by specific resolution, to an officer the power to appoint other specified officers or assistant officers. Any number of offices may be held by the same person unless the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws provide otherwise. Each officer shall be a natural person who is eighteen years of age or older.

Section 4.2.   Term of Office; Resignation; Removal; Vacancies.  Unless otherwise provided in the resolution of the Board of Directors appointing any officer, each officer shall hold office until the next annual meeting of the Board of Directors at which his or her successor is appointed and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. Any officer may resign at any time upon notice given in writing or by electronic transmission to the Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein, and unless otherwise specified therein no acceptance of such resignation shall be necessary to make it effective. The Board of Directors may remove any officer with or without cause at any time. Any such removal shall be without prejudice to the contractual rights of such officer, if any, with the Corporation, but the appointment of an officer shall not of itself create contractual rights. The Board of Directors may also delegate to an officer the power to remove other specified officers or assistant officers. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation by death, resignation, removal or otherwise may be filled by the Board of Directors. An officer appointed to fill a vacancy shall serve for the unexpired term of such officer’s predecessor, or until such officer’s earlier death, resignation or removal.

Section 4.3.   Temporary Delegation of Duties.  In the case of the absence of any officer, or his inability to perform his duties, or for any other reason deemed sufficient by the Board of Directors, the Board of Directors may delegate the powers and duties of such officer to any other officer or to any director temporarily, provided that a majority of the directors then in office concur and that no such delegation shall result in giving to the same person conflicting duties.

Section 4.4.   Chairman.  The Chairman of the Board of Directors shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and of the stockholders at which he or she shall be present and shall have and may exercise such powers as may, from time to time, be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors or as may be provided by law.
 
C-11

 

Section 4.5.   Chief Executive Officer.  The Chief Executive Officer (the “CEO”), if one is appointed by the Board of Directors, shall perform all duties customarily delegated to the chief executive officer of a corporation and such other duties as may from time to time be assigned to the CEO by the Board of Directors and these Bylaws.

Section 4.6.   President.  If there is no separate CEO, the President shall be the CEO of the Corporation; otherwise, the President shall be responsible to the CEO for the day-to-day operations of the Corporation. The President shall have general and active management of the business of the Corporation; shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect; and shall perform all duties as may from time to time be assigned by the Board of Directors or the CEO.

Section 4.7.   Vice Presidents.  The Vice President or Vice Presidents shall have such powers and shall perform such duties as may, from time to time, be assigned to him or her or them by the Board of Directors, the CEO or the President or as may be provided by law.

Section 4.8.   Secretary.  The Secretary shall have the duty to record the proceedings of the meetings of the stockholders, the Board of Directors and any committees thereof in a book to be kept for that purpose, shall authenticate records of the Corporation, shall see that all notices are duly given in accordance with the provisions of these Bylaws or as required by law, shall be custodian of the records of the Corporation, may affix the corporate seal to any document the execution of which, on behalf of the Corporation, is duly authorized, and when so affixed may attest the same, and, in general, shall perform all duties incident to the office of secretary of a corporation and such other duties as may, from time to time, be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors, the CEO or the President or as may be provided by law.

Section 4.9.   Treasurer.  The Treasurer shall have charge of and be responsible for all funds, securities, receipts and disbursements of the Corporation and shall deposit or cause to be deposited, in the name of the Corporation, all moneys or other valuable effects in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as shall, from time to time, be selected by or under authority of the Board of Directors. If required by the Board of Directors, the Treasurer shall give a bond for the faithful discharge of his or her duties, with such surety or sureties as the Board of Directors may determine. The Treasurer shall keep or cause to be kept full and accurate records of all receipts and disbursements in books of the Corporation, shall maintain books of account and records and exhibit such books of account and records to any of the directors of the Corporation at any reasonable time, shall receive and give receipts for monies due and payable to the Corporation from any source whatsoever, shall render to the CEO, the President and to the Board of Directors, whenever requested, an account of the financial condition of the Corporation, and, if called to do so, make a full financial report at the annual meeting of the stockholders, and, in general, shall perform all the duties incident to the office of treasurer of a corporation and such other duties as may, from time to time, be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors, the CEO or the President or as may be provided by law.
 
C-12

 

Section 4.10.   Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers.  The Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers, if any, shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to them by the Secretary or the Treasurer, respectively, or by the President, the CEO or the Board of Directors. In the absence or at the request of the Secretary or the Treasurer, the Assistant Secretaries or Assistant Treasurers, respectively, shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary or Treasurer, as the case may be.

 Section 4.11.   Other Officers.  The other officers, if any, of the Corporation shall have such powers and duties in the management of the Corporation as shall be stated in a resolution of the Board of Directors which is not inconsistent with these Bylaws and, to the extent not so stated, as generally pertain to their respective offices, subject to the control of the Board of Directors.

Section 4.12.    Compensation.  The salaries and other compensation of the officers shall be fixed or authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors. No officer shall be prevented from receiving such salary or other compensation by reason of the fact that he is also a director of the Corporation.

ARTICLE V

STOCK

Section 5.1.   Stock Certificates and Uncertificated Shares.  The shares of stock in the Corporation shall be represented by certificates, provided that the Board of Directors may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of the Corporation’s stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate theretofore issued until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation. Notwithstanding the adoption of such a resolution by the Board of Directors, every holder of stock represented by certificates, and upon request every holder of uncertificated shares, shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by or in the name of the Corporation by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, if any, or the President or a Vice President, and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, of the Corporation, representing the number of shares of stock registered in certificate form owned by such holder. Any and all the signatures on the certificate may be by a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.

Section 5.2.   Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Stock Certificates; Issuance of New Certificates.  The Corporation may issue a new certificate of stock or uncertificated shares in the place of any certificate theretofore issued by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, and the Corporation may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or such owner’s legal representative, to give the Corporation a bond in such form and amount (not exceeding twice the value of the stock represented by such
 
 
C-13

 

 
certificate) and with such surety and sureties as the secretary may require in order to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares.

Section 5.3.   Transfer of Stock.  Subject to any transfer restrictions set forth or referred to on the stock certificate or of which the Corporation otherwise has notice, shares of the Corporation shall be transferable on the books of the Corporation upon presentation to the Corporation or to the Corporation’s transfer agent of a stock certificate signed by, or accompanied by an executed assignment form, the holder of record thereof, his duly authorized legal representative, or other appropriate person as permitted by the DGCL. The Corporation may require that any transfer of shares be accompanied by proper evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation or to the Corporation’s transfer agent that such endorsement is genuine and effective. Upon presentation of shares for transfer as provided above, the payment of all taxes, if any, therefor, and the satisfaction of any other requirement of law, including inquiry into and discharge of any adverse claims of which the Corporation has notice, the Corporation shall issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto and cancel the old certificate. Every transfer of stock shall be entered on the stock books of the Corporation to accurately reflect the record ownership of each share. The Board of Directors also may make such additional rules and regulations as it may deem expedient concerning the issue, transfer, and registration of certificates for shares of the capital stock of the Corporation.

Section 5.4.   Preferred Stock.  Shares of preferred stock shall be issued by the Corporation only after filing a Preferred Stock Designation described in paragraph (c) of the Fourth Article of the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation with the Delaware Secretary of State and satisfying all other requirements of the Certificate of Incorporation and the DGCL with respect thereto.

Section 5.5.   Holders of Record.  The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share of stock as the holder in fact thereof and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as may be allowed by these Bylaws or required by the laws of Delaware.

ARTICLE VI

EXECUTION OF INSTRUMENTS; CHECKS AND ENDORSEMENTS; DEPOSITS; ETC.

Section 6.1.   Execution of Instruments.  Except as otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, the Chairman, the CEO, the President, any Vice President, the Treasurer or the Secretary shall have the power to execute and deliver on behalf of and in the name of the Corporation any instrument requiring the signature of an officer of the Corporation. Unless authorized to do so by these Bylaws or by the Board of Directors, no assistant officer, agent or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the Corporation in any way, to pledge its credit or to render it liable pecuniarily for any purpose or in any amount.
 
C-14

 

Section 6.2.   Checks and Endorsements.  All checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of money, obligations, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the Corporation and other such instruments shall be signed or endorsed for the Corporation by such officers or agents of the Corporation as shall from time to time be determined by resolution of the Board of Directors, which resolution may provide for the use of facsimile signatures.

Section 6.3.   Deposits.  All funds of the Corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposited from time to time to the Corporation’s credit in such banks or other depositories as shall from time to time be determined by resolution of the Board of Directors, which resolution may specify the officers or agents of the Corporation who shall have the power, and the manner in which such power shall be exercised, to make such deposits and to endorse, assign and deliver for collection and deposit checks, drafts and other orders for the payment of money payable to the Corporation or its order.

Section 6.4.   Voting of Securities and Other Entities.  Unless otherwise provided by resolution of the Board of Directors, the Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, or the President, or any officer designated in writing by any of them, is authorized to attend in person, or may execute written instruments appointing a proxy or proxies to represent the Corporation, at all meetings of any corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, or other entity in which the Corporation holds any securities or other interests and may execute written waivers of notice with respect to any such meetings. At all such meetings, any of the foregoing officers, in person or by proxy as aforesaid and subject to the instructions, if any, of the Board of Directors, may vote the securities or interests so held by the Corporation, may execute any other instruments with respect to such securities or interests, and may exercise any and all rights and powers incident to the ownership of said securities or interests. Any of the foregoing officers may execute one or more written consents to action taken in lieu of a formal meeting of such corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, or other entity.

ARTICLE VII

DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS

Section 7.1.   Dividends and Other Distributions.  Subject to the provisions of the DGCL, dividends and other distributions may be declared by the Board of Directors in such form, frequency and amounts as the condition of the affairs of the Corporation shall render advisable.
 
C-15

 

ARTICLE VIII

MISCELLANEOUS

Section 8.1.   Fiscal Year.  The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be determined by the Board of Directors.

Section 8.2.   Seal.  The Corporation may have a corporate seal and shall be in such form as may be approved from time to time by the Board of Directors. The corporate seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or in any other manner reproduced. The impression of the seal may be made and attested by either the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary for the authentication of contracts or other papers requiring the seal.

Section 8.3.   Waiver of Notice of Meetings of Stockholders, Directors and Committees.  Whenever notice is required to be given by law or under any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a written waiver thereof, signed by the person entitled to notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except (i) in the case when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened and (ii) in the case when the person attends the meeting for the purpose of objecting to consideration of a particular matter at the meeting that is not within the purpose or purposes described in the notice of the meeting, the person objects to considering the matter when it is presented. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders, directors or members of a committee of directors need be specified in any written waiver of notice or any waiver by electronic transmission unless so required by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.

Section 8.4.   Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

8.4.1.    Directors and Officers.  The Corporation shall indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended, any person who was or is made or is threatened to be made a party or is otherwise involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (a “proceeding”), by reason of the fact that he or she, or a person for whom he or she is the legal representative, is or was a director or officer of the Corporation or, while a director or officer of the Corporation, is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or nonprofit entity, including service with respect to employee benefit plans (a “Covered Person”), against all liability and loss suffered and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) reasonably incurred by such Covered Person. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, the Corporation shall be required to indemnify a Covered Person in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof)
 
 
C-16

 
 
commenced by such Covered Person only if the commencement of such proceeding (or part thereof) by the Covered Person was authorized in the specific case by the Board of Directors.

8.4.2.    Prepayment of Expenses.  The Corporation shall to the fullest extent not prohibited by applicable law promptly pay the expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by a Covered Person in defending any proceeding in advance of its final disposition, provided, however, that, to the extent required by law, such payment of expenses in advance of the final disposition of the proceeding shall be made only upon receipt of an undertaking by such Covered Person to repay all amounts advanced if it should be ultimately determined that such Covered Person is not entitled to be indemnified under this Section 8.4 or otherwise.

8.4.3.    Nonexclusivity of Rights.  The rights conferred on any Covered Person by this Section 8.4 shall not be exclusive of any other rights which such Covered Person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise.

8.4.4.    Other Sources.  The Corporation’s obligation, if any, to indemnify or to advance expenses to any Covered Person who was or is serving at its request as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or nonprofit entity shall be reduced by any amount such Covered Person may collect as indemnification or advancement of expenses from such other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or non-profit enterprise.

8.4.5.    Amendment or Repeal.  Any repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions of this Section 8.4 shall not adversely affect any right or protection hereunder of any Covered Person in respect of any act or omission occurring prior to the time of such repeal or modification.

8.4.6.    Other Indemnification and Prepayment of Expenses.  This Section 8.4 shall not limit the right of the Corporation, to the extent and in the manner permitted by law, to indemnify persons other than Covered Persons and to advance expenses to such other persons when and as authorized by appropriate corporate action.

8.4.7.    Insurance.  The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person that the Corporation is permitted to indemnify in accordance with these Bylaws against any liability asserted against any such person and incurred by such person whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the DGCL. Any such insurance may be procured from any insurance company designated by the Board of Directors, whether such insurance company is formed under the laws of this state or any other jurisdiction of the United States or elsewhere, including any insurance company in which the Corporation has an equity interest through stock ownership or otherwise.
 
C-17

 
 
8.4.8.    Selection of Counsel.  Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 8.4, the Corporation may condition the right to indemnification of, and the advancement of expenses to, a Covered Person on its right to select legal counsel representing such Covered Person on the terms of this Subsection 8.4.8. The Corporation shall have the right to select counsel for any Covered Person in any legal action that may give rise to indemnification under this Section 8.4 provided that: (a) the Corporation consults with the Covered Person seeking indemnification with respect to the selection of competent legal counsel; and (b) the Corporation pays all reasonable fees and costs incurred by the attorney in defending the Covered Person (subject to the Corporation’s right to recover such fees and costs if it is determined at the conclusion of the action, suit or proceeding that there is no right of indemnification). Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 8.4, the Corporation shall not be responsible for indemnification of, or the advancement of expenses to, any Covered Person who declines to use counsel reasonably selected by the Corporation as provided in this Subsection 8.4.8. Counsel shall be deemed to be reasonably selected by the Corporation if such counsel is a competent attorney who can independently represent the Covered Person consistent with the applicable ethical standards of the Code of Professional Responsibility.

Section 8.5.   Interested Directors; Quorum.  No contract or transaction between the Corporation and one or more of its directors or officers, or between the Corporation and any other corporation, partnership, association or other organization in which one or more of its directors or officers are directors or officers, or have a financial interest, shall be void or voidable solely for this reason, or solely because the director or officer is present at or participates in the meeting of the Board of Directors or committee thereof which authorizes the contract or transaction, or solely because any such director’s or officer’s votes are counted for such purpose, if: (1) the material facts as to the director’s or officer’s relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the Board of Directors or the committee, and the Board of Directors or committee in good faith authorizes the contract or transaction by the affirmative votes of a majority of the disinterested directors, even though the disinterested directors be less than a quorum; or (2) the material facts as to the director’s or officer’s relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, and the contract or transaction is specifically approved in good faith by vote of the stockholders; or (3) the contract or transaction is fair as to the Corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified, by the Board of Directors, a committee thereof or the stockholders. Common or interested directors may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a meeting of the Board of Directors or of a committee which authorizes the contract or transaction.

Section 8.6.   Form of Records.  Any records maintained by the Corporation in the regular course of its business, including its stock ledger, books of account and minute books, may be kept on, or by means of, or be in the form of, any information storage device or method, provided that the records so kept can be converted into clearly legible paper form within a reasonable time.
 
C-18

 

Section 8.7.   Record of Stockholders.  The Secretary shall maintain, or shall cause to be maintained, a record of the names and addresses of the Corporation’s stockholders, in a form that permits preparation of a list of stockholders that is arranged by class of stock entitled to vote and, within each such class, by series of shares, that is alphabetical within each class or series, and that shows the address of, and the number of shares of each class or series held by, each stockholder.

Section 8.8.   Addresses of Stockholders.  Each stockholder shall furnish to the Secretary of the Corporation or the Corporation’s transfer agent an address to which notices from the Corporation, including notices of meetings, may be directed and if any stockholder shall fail so to designate such an address, it shall be sufficient for any such notice to be directed to such stockholder at such stockholder’s address last known to the Secretary or transfer agent.

Section 8.9.   Amendment of Bylaws.  The Board of Directors is authorized to adopt, amend or repeal these Bylaws at any annual meeting of the Board of Directors or any other meeting called for that purpose. The holders of shares of Common Stock entitled to vote also may adopt additional Bylaws and may amend or repeal any Bylaw, whether or not adopted by them, at an annual stockholders meeting or a special meeting called, wholly or in part, for such purpose. The power of the Board of Directors to adopt, amend or repeal Bylaws may be limited by an amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation or an amendment to the Bylaws adopted by the holders of Common Stock that provides that a particular Bylaw or Bylaws may only be adopted, amended or repealed by the holders of Common Stock.
 



 
C-19

 

EXHIBIT D

Nevada Dissenters’ Rights Statute

 

 
 

 

SECTIONS 92A.300-92A.500 OF NRS

      NRS 92A.300  Definitions.  As used in NRS 92A.300 to 92A.500, inclusive, unless the context otherwise requires, the words and terms defined in NRS 92A.305 to 92A.335, inclusive, have the meanings ascribed to them in those sections.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2086)

      NRS 92A.305  “Beneficial stockholder” defined.  “Beneficial stockholder” means a person who is a beneficial owner of shares held in a voting trust or by a nominee as the stockholder of record.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2087)

      NRS 92A.310  “Corporate action” defined.  “Corporate action” means the action of a domestic corporation.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2087)

      NRS 92A.315  “Dissenter” defined.  “Dissenter” means a stockholder who is entitled to dissent from a domestic corporation’s action under NRS 92A.380 and who exercises that right when and in the manner required by NRS 92A.400 to 92A.480, inclusive.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2087; A 1999, 1631)

      NRS 92A.320  “Fair value” defined.  “Fair value,” with respect to a dissenter’s shares, means the value of the shares immediately before the effectuation of the corporate action to which he objects, excluding any appreciation or depreciation in anticipation of the corporate action unless exclusion would be inequitable.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2087)

      NRS 92A.325  “Stockholder” defined.  “Stockholder” means a stockholder of record or a beneficial stockholder of a domestic corporation.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2087)

      NRS 92A.330  “Stockholder of record” defined.  “Stockholder of record” means the person in whose name shares are registered in the records of a domestic corporation or the beneficial owner of shares to the extent of the rights granted by a nominee’s certificate on file with the domestic corporation.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2087)

      NRS 92A.335  “Subject corporation” defined.  “Subject corporation” means the domestic corporation which is the issuer of the shares held by a dissenter before the corporate action creating the dissenter’s rights becomes effective or the surviving or acquiring entity of that issuer after the corporate action becomes effective.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2087)

      NRS 92A.340  Computation of interest.  Interest payable pursuant to NRS 92A.300 to 92A.500, inclusive, must be computed from the effective date of the action until the date of payment, at the average rate currently paid by the entity on its principal bank loans or, if it has no bank loans, at a rate that is fair and equitable under all of the circumstances.
 
      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2087)

      NRS 92A.350  Rights of dissenting partner of domestic limited partnership.  A partnership agreement of a domestic limited partnership or, unless otherwise provided in the partnership agreement, an agreement of merger or exchange, may provide that contractual rights with respect to the partnership interest of a dissenting general or limited partner of a domestic limited partnership are available for any class or group of partnership interests in connection with any merger or exchange in which the domestic limited partnership is a constituent entity.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2088)

      NRS 92A.360  Rights of dissenting member of domestic limited-liability company.  The articles of organization or operating agreement of a domestic limited-liability company or, unless otherwise provided in the articles of organization or operating agreement, an agreement of merger or exchange, may provide that contractual rights with respect to the interest of a dissenting member are available in connection with any merger or exchange in which the domestic limited-liability company is a constituent entity.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2088)
 
 
D-1

 
 
      NRS 92A.370  Rights of dissenting member of domestic nonprofit corporation.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, and unless otherwise provided in the articles or bylaws, any member of any constituent domestic nonprofit corporation who voted against the merger may, without prior notice, but within 30 days after the effective date of the merger, resign from membership and is thereby excused from all contractual obligations to the constituent or surviving corporations which did not occur before his resignation and is thereby entitled to those rights, if any, which would have existed if there had been no merger and the membership had been terminated or the member had been expelled.

      2.  Unless otherwise provided in its articles of incorporation or bylaws, no member of a domestic nonprofit corporation, including, but not limited to, a cooperative corporation, which supplies services described in chapter 704 of NRS to its members only, and no person who is a member of a domestic nonprofit corporation as a condition of or by reason of the ownership of an interest in real property, may resign and dissent pursuant to subsection 1.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2088)

      NRS 92A.380  Right of stockholder to dissent from certain corporate actions and to obtain payment for shares.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in NRS 92A.370 and 92A.390, any stockholder is entitled to dissent from, and obtain payment of the fair value of his shares in the event of any of the following corporate actions:

      (a) Consummation of a conversion or plan of merger to which the domestic corporation is a constituent entity:

             (1) If approval by the stockholders is required for the conversion or merger by NRS 92A.120 to 92A.160, inclusive, or the articles of incorporation, regardless of whether the stockholder is entitled to vote on the conversion or plan of merger; or

             (2) If the domestic corporation is a subsidiary and is merged with its parent pursuant to NRS 92A.180.

      (b) Consummation of a plan of exchange to which the domestic corporation is a constituent entity as the corporation whose subject owner’s interests will be acquired, if his shares are to be acquired in the plan of exchange.

      (c) Any corporate action taken pursuant to a vote of the stockholders to the extent that the articles of incorporation, bylaws or a resolution of the board of directors provides that voting or nonvoting stockholders are entitled to dissent and obtain payment for their shares.

      (d) Any corporate action not described in paragraph (a), (b) or (c) that will result in the stockholder receiving money or scrip instead of fractional shares.

      2.  A stockholder who is entitled to dissent and obtain payment pursuant to NRS 92A.300 to 92A.500, inclusive, may not challenge the corporate action creating his entitlement unless the action is unlawful or fraudulent with respect to him or the domestic corporation.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2087; A 2001, 1414, 3199; 2003, 3189; 2005, 2204)

      NRS 92A.390  Limitations on right of dissent: Stockholders of certain classes or series; action of stockholders not required for plan of merger.
 
      1.  There is no right of dissent with respect to a plan of merger or exchange in favor of stockholders of any class or series which, at the record date fixed to determine the stockholders entitled to receive notice of and to vote at the meeting at which the plan of merger or exchange is to be acted on, were either listed on a national securities exchange, included in the national market system by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., or held by at least 2,000 stockholders of record, unless:

      (a) The articles of incorporation of the corporation issuing the shares provide otherwise; or

      (b) The holders of the class or series are required under the plan of merger or exchange to accept for the shares anything except:

             (1) Cash, owner’s interests or owner’s interests and cash in lieu of fractional owner’s interests of:

                   (I) The surviving or acquiring entity; or

                   (II) Any other entity which, at the effective date of the plan of merger or exchange, were either listed on a national securities exchange, included in the national market system by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., or held of record by a least 2,000 holders of owner’s interests of record; or

             (2) A combination of cash and owner’s interests of the kind described in sub-subparagraphs (I) and (II) of subparagraph (1) of paragraph (b).

      2.  There is no right of dissent for any holders of stock of the surviving domestic corporation if the plan of merger does not require action of the stockholders of the surviving domestic corporation under NRS 92A.130.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2088)
 
 
D-2

 
 
      NRS 92A.400  Limitations on right of dissent: Assertion as to portions only to shares registered to stockholder; assertion by beneficial stockholder.

      1.  A stockholder of record may assert dissenter’s rights as to fewer than all of the shares registered in his name only if he dissents with respect to all shares beneficially owned by any one person and notifies the subject corporation in writing of the name and address of each person on whose behalf he asserts dissenter’s rights. The rights of a partial dissenter under this subsection are determined as if the shares as to which he dissents and his other shares were registered in the names of different stockholders.

      2.  A beneficial stockholder may assert dissenter’s rights as to shares held on his behalf only if:

      (a) He submits to the subject corporation the written consent of the stockholder of record to the dissent not later than the time the beneficial stockholder asserts dissenter’s rights; and

      (b) He does so with respect to all shares of which he is the beneficial stockholder or over which he has power to direct the vote.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2089)

      NRS 92A.410  Notification of stockholders regarding right of dissent.

      1.  If a proposed corporate action creating dissenters’ rights is submitted to a vote at a stockholders’ meeting, the notice of the meeting must state that stockholders are or may be entitled to assert dissenters’ rights under NRS 92A.300 to 92A.500, inclusive, and be accompanied by a copy of those sections.

      2.  If the corporate action creating dissenters’ rights is taken by written consent of the stockholders or without a vote of the stockholders, the domestic corporation shall notify in writing all stockholders entitled to assert dissenters’ rights that the action was taken and send them the dissenter’s notice described in NRS 92A.430.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2089; A 1997, 730)

      NRS 92A.420  Prerequisites to demand for payment for shares.

      1.  If a proposed corporate action creating dissenters’ rights is submitted to a vote at a stockholders’ meeting, a stockholder who wishes to assert dissenter’s rights:

      (a) Must deliver to the subject corporation, before the vote is taken, written notice of his intent to demand payment for his shares if the proposed action is effectuated; and

      (b) Must not vote his shares in favor of the proposed action.

      2.  If a proposed corporate action creating dissenters’ rights is taken by written consent of the stockholders, a stockholder who wishes to assert dissenters’ rights must not consent to or approve the proposed corporate action.

      3.  A stockholder who does not satisfy the requirements of subsection 1 or 2 and NRS 92A.400 is not entitled to payment for his shares under this chapter.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2089; A 1999, 1631; 2005, 2204)

      NRS 92A.430  Dissenter’s notice: Delivery to stockholders entitled to assert rights; contents.

      1.  The subject corporation shall deliver a written dissenter’s notice to all stockholders entitled to assert dissenters’ rights.

      2.  The dissenter’s notice must be sent no later than 10 days after the effectuation of the corporate action, and must:

      (a) State where the demand for payment must be sent and where and when certificates, if any, for shares must be deposited;

      (b) Inform the holders of shares not represented by certificates to what extent the transfer of the shares will be restricted after the demand for payment is received;

      (c) Supply a form for demanding payment that includes the date of the first announcement to the news media or to the stockholders of the terms of the proposed action and requires that the person asserting dissenter’s rights certify whether or not he acquired beneficial ownership of the shares before that date;

      (d) Set a date by which the subject corporation must receive the demand for payment, which may not be less than 30 nor more than 60 days after the date the notice is delivered; and

      (e) Be accompanied by a copy of NRS 92A.300 to 92A.500, inclusive.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2089; A 2005, 2205)

 
D-3

 

      NRS 92A.440  Demand for payment and deposit of certificates; retention of rights of stockholder.

      1.  A stockholder to whom a dissenter’s notice is sent must:

      (a) Demand payment;

      (b) Certify whether he or the beneficial owner on whose behalf he is dissenting, as the case may be, acquired beneficial ownership of the shares before the date required to be set forth in the dissenter’s notice for this certification; and

      (c) Deposit his certificates, if any, in accordance with the terms of the notice.

      2.  The stockholder who demands payment and deposits his certificates, if any, before the proposed corporate action is taken retains all other rights of a stockholder until those rights are cancelled or modified by the taking of the proposed corporate action.

      3.  The stockholder who does not demand payment or deposit his certificates where required, each by the date set forth in the dissenter’s notice, is not entitled to payment for his shares under this chapter.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2090; A 1997, 730; 2003, 3189)

      NRS 92A.450  Uncertificated shares: Authority to restrict transfer after demand for payment; retention of rights of stockholder.

      1.  The subject corporation may restrict the transfer of shares not represented by a certificate from the date the demand for their payment is received.

      2.  The person for whom dissenter’s rights are asserted as to shares not represented by a certificate retains all other rights of a stockholder until those rights are cancelled or modified by the taking of the proposed corporate action.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2090)

      NRS 92A.460  Payment for shares: General requirements.

      1.  Except as otherwise provided in NRS 92A.470, within 30 days after receipt of a demand for payment, the subject corporation shall pay each dissenter who complied with NRS 92A.440 the amount the subject corporation estimates to be the fair value of his shares, plus accrued interest. The obligation of the subject corporation under this subsection may be enforced by the district court:

      (a) Of the county where the corporation’s registered office is located; or

      (b) At the election of any dissenter residing or having its registered office in this State, of the county where the dissenter resides or has its registered office. The court shall dispose of the complaint promptly.

      2.  The payment must be accompanied by:

      (a) The subject corporation’s balance sheet as of the end of a fiscal year ending not more than 16 months before the date of payment, a statement of income for that year, a statement of changes in the stockholders’ equity for that year and the latest available interim financial statements, if any;

      (b) A statement of the subject corporation’s estimate of the fair value of the shares;

      (c) An explanation of how the interest was calculated;

      (d) A statement of the dissenter’s rights to demand payment under NRS 92A.480; and

      (e) A copy of NRS 92A.300 to 92A.500, inclusive.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2090)

      NRS 92A.470  Payment for shares: Shares acquired on or after date of dissenter’s notice.

      1.  A subject corporation may elect to withhold payment from a dissenter unless he was the beneficial owner of the shares before the date set forth in the dissenter’s notice as the date of the first announcement to the news media or to the stockholders of the terms of the proposed action.

      2.  To the extent the subject corporation elects to withhold payment, after taking the proposed action, it shall estimate the fair value of the shares, plus accrued interest, and shall offer to pay this amount to each dissenter who agrees to accept it in full satisfaction of his demand. The subject corporation shall send with its offer a statement of its estimate of the fair value of the shares, an explanation of how the interest was calculated, and a statement of the dissenters’ right to demand payment pursuant to NRS 92A.480.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2091)
 
 
D-4

 
 
      NRS 92A.480  Dissenter’s estimate of fair value: Notification of subject corporation; demand for payment of estimate.

      1.  A dissenter may notify the subject corporation in writing of his own estimate of the fair value of his shares and the amount of interest due, and demand payment of his estimate, less any payment pursuant to NRS 92A.460, or reject the offer pursuant to NRS 92A.470 and demand payment of the fair value of his shares and interest due, if he believes that the amount paid pursuant to NRS 92A.460 or offered pursuant to NRS 92A.470 is less than the fair value of his shares or that the interest due is incorrectly calculated.

      2.  A dissenter waives his right to demand payment pursuant to this section unless he notifies the subject corporation of his demand in writing within 30 days after the subject corporation made or offered payment for his shares.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2091)

      NRS 92A.490  Legal proceeding to determine fair value: Duties of subject corporation; powers of court; rights of dissenter.

      1.  If a demand for payment remains unsettled, the subject corporation shall commence a proceeding within 60 days after receiving the demand and petition the court to determine the fair value of the shares and accrued interest. If the subject corporation does not commence the proceeding within the 60-day period, it shall pay each dissenter whose demand remains unsettled the amount demanded.

      2.  A subject corporation shall commence the proceeding in the district court of the county where its registered office is located. If the subject corporation is a foreign entity without a resident agent in the State, it shall commence the proceeding in the county where the registered office of the domestic corporation merged with or whose shares were acquired by the foreign entity was located.

      3.  The subject corporation shall make all dissenters, whether or not residents of Nevada, whose demands remain unsettled, parties to the proceeding as in an action against their shares. All parties must be served with a copy of the petition. Nonresidents may be served by registered or certified mail or by publication as provided by law.

      4.  The jurisdiction of the court in which the proceeding is commenced under subsection 2 is plenary and exclusive. The court may appoint one or more persons as appraisers to receive evidence and recommend a decision on the question of fair value. The appraisers have the powers described in the order appointing them, or any amendment thereto. The dissenters are entitled to the same discovery rights as parties in other civil proceedings.

      5.  Each dissenter who is made a party to the proceeding is entitled to a judgment:

      (a) For the amount, if any, by which the court finds the fair value of his shares, plus interest, exceeds the amount paid by the subject corporation; or

      (b) For the fair value, plus accrued interest, of his after-acquired shares for which the subject corporation elected to withhold payment pursuant to NRS 92A.470.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2091)

      NRS 92A.500  Legal proceeding to determine fair value: Assessment of costs and fees.

      1.  The court in a proceeding to determine fair value shall determine all of the costs of the proceeding, including the reasonable compensation and expenses of any appraisers appointed by the court. The court shall assess the costs against the subject corporation, except that the court may assess costs against all or some of the dissenters, in amounts the court finds equitable, to the extent the court finds the dissenters acted arbitrarily, vexatiously or not in good faith in demanding payment.

      2.  The court may also assess the fees and expenses of the counsel and experts for the respective parties, in amounts the court finds equitable:

      (a) Against the subject corporation and in favor of all dissenters if the court finds the subject corporation did not substantially comply with the requirements of NRS 92A.300 to 92A.500, inclusive; or

      (b) Against either the subject corporation or a dissenter in favor of any other party, if the court finds that the party against whom the fees and expenses are assessed acted arbitrarily, vexatiously or not in good faith with respect to the rights provided by NRS 92A.300 to 92A.500, inclusive.

      3.  If the court finds that the services of counsel for any dissenter were of substantial benefit to other dissenters similarly situated, and that the fees for those services should not be assessed against the subject corporation, the court may award to those counsel reasonable fees to be paid out of the amounts awarded to the dissenters who were benefited.
 
 
D-5

 
 
      4.  In a proceeding commenced pursuant to NRS 92A.460, the court may assess the costs against the subject corporation, except that the court may assess costs against all or some of the dissenters who are parties to the proceeding, in amounts the court finds equitable, to the extent the court finds that such parties did not act in good faith in instituting the proceeding.

      5.  This section does not preclude any party in a proceeding commenced pursuant to NRS 92A.460 or 92A.490 from applying the provisions of N.R.C.P. 68 or NRS 17.115.

      (Added to NRS by 1995, 2092)

 
 
D-6