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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended February 2, 2014

OR

o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___ to ___

Commission file number 0-15451

PHOTRONICS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter periods that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes x  No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes x  No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes o  No x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

 

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Forward-Looking Statements

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a "safe harbor" for forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of Photronics, Inc. ("Photronics" or the "Company"). These statements are based on management's beliefs, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management. Forward-looking statements may be identified by words like "expect", "anticipate", "believe", "plan", "projects", and similar expressions, or the negative of such terms, or other comparable terminology. All forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict. In particular, any statement contained in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q or in other documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in press releases or in the Company's communications and discussions with investors and analysts in the normal course of business through meetings, phone calls, or conference calls regarding, among other things, the consummation and benefits of future transactions and acquisitions, expectations with respect to future sales, financial performance, operating efficiencies, or product expansion, are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and contingencies, many of which are beyond the control of the Company. Various factors may cause actual results, performance, or achievements to differ materially from anticipated results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by forward-looking statements. Factors that might affect forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, overall economic and business conditions; economic and political conditions in international markets; the demand for the Company's products; competitive factors in the industries and geographic markets in which the Company competes; federal, state and international tax requirements (including tax rate changes, new tax laws and revised tax law interpretations); interest rate and other capital market conditions, including changes in the market price of the Company's securities; foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations; changes in technology; the timing, impact, and other uncertainties of future transactions and acquisitions, divestitures and joint ventures as well as decisions the Company may make in the future regarding the Company’s business, capital and organizational structure and other matters; the seasonal and cyclical nature of the semiconductor and flat panel display industries; management changes; damage or destruction to the Company's facilities, or the facilities of its customers or suppliers, by natural disasters, labor strikes, political unrest, or terrorist activity; the ability of the Company to (i) place new equipment in service on a timely basis; (ii) obtain additional financing; (iii) achieve anticipated synergies and cost savings; (iv) fully utilize its tools; (v) achieve desired yields, pricing, product mix, and market acceptance of its products and (vi) obtain necessary export licenses. Any forward-looking statements should be considered in light of these factors. Accordingly, there is no assurance that the Company's expectations will be realized. The Company does not assume responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of the forward-looking statements and does not assume an obligation to provide revisions to any forward-looking statements, except as otherwise required by securities and other applicable laws.

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PHOTRONICS, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX

 

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PART I.

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

PHOTRONICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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PHOTRONICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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PHOTRONICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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PHOTRONICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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PHOTRONICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Three Months Ended February 2, 2014 and January 27, 2013

(unaudited)

(in thousands, except share amounts)

NOTE 1 - BASIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION

Photronics, Inc. and its subsidiaries ("Photronics" or “the Company") is one of the world's leading manufacturers of photomasks, which are high precision photographic quartz plates containing microscopic images of electronic circuits. Photomasks are a key element in the manufacture of semiconductors and flat panel displays ("FPDs"), and are used as masters to transfer circuit patterns onto semiconductor wafers and flat panel substrates during the fabrication of integrated circuits ("ICs") and a variety of FPDs and, to a lesser extent, other types of electrical and optical components. The Company currently operates principally from eight manufacturing facilities, two of which are located in Europe, two in Taiwan, one in Korea, and three in the United States.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending November 2, 2014. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended November 3, 2013.

NOTE 2 - CHANGES IN EQUITY

The following tables set forth the Company's consolidated changes in equity for the three months ended February 2, 2014 and January 27, 2013:

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NOTE 3 - PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment consists of the following:

Equipment under capital leases are included in above property, plant and equipment as follows:

Depreciation expense for property, plant and equipment (excluding equipment under capital leases) was $14.7 million and $17.1 million for the three month periods ended February 2, 2014 and January 27, 2013, respectively. Amortization expense for equipment under capital leases was $1.3 million and $0.5 million for the three month periods ended February 2, 2014 and January 27, 2013, respectively.

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NOTE 4 - JOINT VENTURE, TECHNOLOGY LICENSE AND OTHER AGREEMENTS WITH MICRON TECHNOLOGY, INC.

In May 2006, Photronics and Micron Technology, Inc. ("Micron") entered into the MP Mask joint venture (“MP Mask”), which develops and produces photomasks for leading-edge and advanced next generation semiconductors. At the time of the formation of the joint venture, the Company also entered into both an agreement to license photomask technology developed by Micron and certain supply agreements.

This joint venture is a variable interest entity ("VIE") (as that term is defined in the Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC")) because all costs of the joint venture are passed on to the Company and Micron through purchase agreements they have entered into with the joint venture, and it is dependent upon the Company and Micron for any additional cash requirements. On a quarterly basis the Company reassesses whether its interest in MP Mask gives it a controlling financial interest in this VIE. The purpose of this quarterly reassessment is to identify the primary beneficiary (which is defined in the ASC as the entity that consolidates a VIE) of the VIE. As a result of the reassessment in the current quarter, the Company determined that Micron is still the primary beneficiary of the VIE, by virtue of its tie-breaking voting rights within MP Mask’s Board of Managers, thereby giving it the power to direct the activities of MP Mask that most significantly impact its economic performance, including its decision making authority in the ordinary course of business and its purchasing the majority of products produced by the VIE.

The Company has utilized MP Mask for both high-end IC photomask production and research and development purposes. MP Mask charges its variable interest holders based on their actual usage of its facility. MP Mask separately charges for any research and development activities it engages in at the requests of its owners. The Company recorded cost of sales of $1.0 million and $1.9 million during the three month periods ended February 2, 2014 and January 27, 2013, respectively, and research and development expenses of $0.2 million during each of the three month periods. As of February 2, 2014 and November 3, 2013, the Company owed MP Mask $3.6 million and $4.5 million, respectively, and had a receivable from Micron of $5.4 million and $4.9 million, respectively, both primarily related to the aforementioned supply agreements.

MP Mask is governed by a Board of Managers, appointed by Micron and the Company. Since MP Mask's inception, Micron, as a result of its majority ownership, has held majority voting power on the Board of Managers. The voting power held by each party is subject to change as ownership interests change. Under the MP Mask joint venture operating agreement, the Company may be required to make additional capital contributions to MP Mask up to the maximum amount defined in the operating agreement. However, should the Board of Managers determine that further additional funding is required, MP Mask shall pursue its own financing. If MP Mask is unable to obtain its own financing, it may request additional capital contributions from the Company. Should the Company choose not to make a requested contribution to MP Mask, its ownership percentage may be reduced.

The Company's investment in the VIE, which represents its maximum exposure to loss, was $93.1 million at February 2, 2014 and at November 3, 2013. This amount is reported in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets as "Investment in joint venture". The Company recorded a loss of $0.2 million from its investment in the three month period ended January 27, 2013 and recorded no income or loss in the three month period ended February 2, 2014. Income or loss from the VIE is included in "Interest and other income (expense), net" in the condensed consolidated statements of income.

NOTE 5 - LONG-TERM BORROWINGS

Long-term borrowings consist of the following:

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In December 2013 the Company amended its credit facility, increasing its limit to $50 million with an expansion capacity to $75 million, and extending its term to December 2018. The interest rate spread on borrowings has been reduced and the minimum fixed charge ratio has been replaced with a minimum interest coverage ratio under the terms of the amended credit facility which, in addition, increased the investment baskets (as defined in the credit facility) and continues to include total leverage ratio and minimum unrestricted cash balance covenants. The credit facility bears interest (1.9% at February 2, 2014) based on the Company’s total leverage ratio, at LIBOR plus a spread, as defined in the credit facility. As of February 2, 2014, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under the credit facility and $50 million was available for borrowing. The credit facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets located in the United States, as well as common stock the Company owns in certain of its foreign subsidiaries.

In August 2013 a $26.4 million principal amount, five year capital lease commenced to fund the purchase of a high-end lithography tool. Payments under the capital lease, which bears interest at 2.77% are $0.5 million per month through July 2018.  Under the terms of the lease agreement, the Company must maintain the equipment in good working order, and is subject to a cross default with cross acceleration provision related to certain nonfinancial covenants incorporated in its credit facility. As of February 2, 2014, the total amount payable through the end of the lease term was $25.4 million, of which $23.8 million represented principal and $1.6 million represented interest.

In March 2012 the Company, in connection with its purchase of the U.S. nanoFab facility, amended its credit facility (“the credit facility”) to include the addition of a $25 million term loan that was to mature in March 2017. In December 2013, simultaneous with the amendment of its credit facility discussed above, the Company repaid the $21.3 million balance of this term loan that was outstanding at November 3, 2013.

In March 2011 the Company issued through a private offering pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, $115 million aggregate principal amount of 3.25% convertible senior notes. The notes mature on April 1, 2016, and note holders may convert each $1,000 principal amount of notes to approximately 96 shares of common stock (equivalent to an initial conversion price of $10.37 per share of common stock) at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding April 1, 2016. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events, which are described in the indenture dated March 28, 2011. The Company is not required to redeem the notes prior to their maturity date. Interest on the notes accrues in arrears, and is paid semiannually through the notes’ maturity date. The net proceeds of the notes were approximately $110.7 million, which were used, in part, to acquire $35.4 million of the Company’s 5.5% convertible senior notes which were to mature on October 1, 2014, and to repay, in full, its then outstanding obligations under capital leases of $19.8 million.

In September 2009 the Company issued, through a public offering, $57.5 million aggregate principal amount of 5.5% convertible senior notes, which were to mature on October 1, 2014. Under the terms of the offering, the note holders could convert each $1,000 principal amount of notes to approximately 197 shares of common stock (equivalent to an initial conversion price of $5.08 per share of common stock) on, or before, September 30, 2014. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events which are described in the indenture dated September 16, 2009. The Company is not required to redeem the notes prior to their maturity. The net proceeds of this offering were approximately $54.9 million, which were used to reduce amounts outstanding under the Company’s credit facility. As discussed above, $35.4 million aggregate principal amount of these notes were acquired by the Company during fiscal 2011. As discussed above, in December 2013 the Company entered into a new five year $50 million credit facility. The Company intends to repay the remaining outstanding 5.5% convertible senior notes issued in September 2009 with borrowings against this new credit facility and, therefore, has classified as long-term the entire $22.1 million of those notes that were outstanding as of February 2, 2014.

In April 2011 the Company entered into a five year, $21.2 million capital lease for manufacturing equipment. Payments under the lease, which bears interest at 3.09%, are $0.4 million per month through March 2016. The lease agreement provides that the Company must maintain the equipment in good working order, and includes a cross default with cross acceleration provision related to certain non-financial covenants incorporated in the Company's credit facility agreement. As of February 2, 2014, the total amount payable through the end of the lease term was $9.9 million, of which $9.6 million represented principal and $0.3 million represented interest.

NOTE 6 - COMMON STOCK WARRANTS

In September 2009 the Company entered into two warrant agreements with Intel Capital Corporation to purchase a total of 750,000 shares of the Company's common stock. Under one warrant agreement 500,000 shares of the Company's common stock could be purchased at an exercise price of $4.15 per share and under the second warrant agreement 250,000 shares of the Company's common stock could be purchased at an exercise price of $5.08 per share. The warrant agreements were to expire in September 2014. Also in September 2009, the Company and Intel Corporation entered into an agreement to share technical and operations information regarding the development of the Company's products, the capabilities of the Company's photomask manufacturing lines and the alignment of photomask toolsets. Intel Capital Corporation also invested in the Company's convertible debt offering of September 2009. The warrants were recorded at their fair value on their date of grant, which was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. In June 2013 Intel Capital Corporation exercised all of the warrants under both warrant agreements on a net share basis and received 0.3 million shares of the Company’s common stock.

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NOTE 7 - SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

In March 2007 the Company’s shareholders approved a new share-based compensation plan ("Plan"), under which options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance stock, performance units, and other awards based on, or related to, shares of the Company's common stock may be granted from shares authorized but unissued or shares previously issued and reacquired by the Company. A maximum of six million shares of common stock may be issued under the Plan. Awards may be granted to officers, employees, directors, consultants, advisors, and independent contractors of the Company or its subsidiaries. In the event of a change in control (as defined in the Plan), the vesting of awards may be accelerated. The Plan, aspects of which are more fully described below, prohibits further awards from being issued under prior plans. The Company incurred total share-based compensation costs of $1.1 million and $0.9 million for the three month periods ended February 2, 2014 and January 27, 2013, respectively. No share-based compensation cost was capitalized as part of an asset and no related income tax benefits were recorded during the periods presented.

Stock Options

Option awards generally vest in one to four years, and have a ten-year contractual term. All incentive and non-qualified stock option grants have an exercise price no less than the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. The grant date fair values of options are based on closing prices of the Company’s common stock on the dates of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company's stock. The Company uses historical option exercise behavior and employee termination data to estimate expected term, which represents the period of time that the options granted are expected to remain outstanding. The risk-free rate of return for the estimated term of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the date of grant.

The weighted-average inputs and risk-free rate of return ranges used to calculate the grant date fair value of options issued during the three month periods ended February 2, 2014 and January 27, 2013, are presented in the following table.

 

     Information on outstanding and exercisable option awards as of February 2, 2014, is presented below.

 

     There were 612,500 share options granted during the three month period ended February 2, 2014, with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $4.45 per share, and there were 564,000 share options granted during the three month period ended January 27, 2013, with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $3.99 per share. As of February 2, 2014, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested option awards was approximately $5.6 million. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average amortization period of 2.8 years.

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Restricted Stock

The Company periodically grants restricted stock awards. The restrictions on these awards lapse over a service period that has ranged from less-than-one to eight years. There were 111,667 restricted stock awards issued during the three month period ended February 2, 2014, with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $8.86 per share, and there were 204,500 restricted stock awards granted during the three month period ended January 27, 2013, with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $5.46 per share. As of February 2, 2014, the total compensation cost not yet recognized related to unvested restricted stock awards was approximately $1.8 million. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average amortization period of 2.1 years. As of February 2, 2014, there were 294,669 shares of restricted stock outstanding.

 

NOTE 8 - INCOME TAXES

The effective income tax rates for the three month periods ended February 2, 2014 and January 27, 2013, differ from the rates computed by applying the U.S. statutory rate of 35% to income before income taxes for the periods primarily due to foreign tax rate differences, as well as the existence of valuation allowances in jurisdictions with historical and continuing tax losses.

Unrecognized tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions were $4.9 million at February 2, 2014 and November 3, 2013, of which $1.7 million would favorably impact the Company's effective tax rate if recognized. Accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits was $0.1 million at February 2, 2014 and November 3, 2013. As of February 2, 2014, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits is not expected to significantly increase or decrease in the next twelve months.

PKLT, the Company's FPD manufacturing facility in Taiwan, is accorded a tax holiday which commenced in 2012 and expires in 2017. The tax holiday had no dollar or per share effect in the three month periods ended February 2, 2014 and January 27, 2013.

NOTE 9 - EARNINGS PER SHARE

The calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share is presented below.

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The table below shows the outstanding weighted-average share-based payment awards that were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because their exercise price exceeded the average market value of the common shares for the period or, under application of the treasury stock method, they were otherwise determined to be anti-dilutive. The table also shows convertible notes that, if converted, would have been anti-dilutive.

NOTE 10 - CHANGES IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME BY COMPONENT

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NOTE 11 – GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

The Company operates as a single operating segment as a manufacturer of photomasks, which are high precision quartz plates containing microscopic images of electronic circuits for use in the fabrication of ICs and FPDs. Geographic net sales are based primarily on where the Company's manufacturing facility is located.

The Company's net sales by geographic area and for ICs and FPDs for the three month periods ended February 2, 2014 and January 27, 2013, and long-lived assets by geographic area as of February 2, 2014 and November 3, 2013, are presented below.

The Company is typically impacted during its first fiscal quarter by the North American and European holiday periods, as some customers reduce their effective workdays and orders during these periods. Additionally, the Company can be impacted during its first or second quarter by the Asian New Year holiday period, which may also reduce customer orders.

NOTE 12 - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The accounting framework for determining fair value includes a hierarchy for ranking the quality and reliability of the information used to measure fair value, which enables the reader of the financial statements to assess the inputs used to develop those measurements. The fair value hierarchy consists of three tiers as follows: Level 1, defined as quoted market prices in active markets for identical securities; Level 2, defined as inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.

The Company did not have any assets or liabilities measured at fair value, on a recurring or a nonrecurring basis, at February 2, 2014 or November 3, 2013.

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Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments

The fair values of the Company's cash and cash equivalents (Level 1 measurements), accounts receivable, accounts payable, and certain other current assets and current liabilities (Level 2 measurements) approximate their carrying value due to their short-term maturities. The fair value of the Company's variable rate term loan, that was repaid in December 2013, was a Level 2 measurement and approximated its carrying value due to the variable nature of the underlying interest rates. The fair value of the Company's convertible senior notes is a Level 2 measurement that is determined using recent bid prices. The table below presents the fair and carrying values of the Company's convertible senior notes at February 2, 2014 and November 3, 2013.

NOTE 13 - SUBSIDIARY SHARE REPURCHASE

Since the second quarter of fiscal 2011, the board of directors of PSMC, a subsidiary of the Company based in Taiwan, has authorized several share repurchase programs for PSMC to purchase for retirement shares of its outstanding common stock. The last of these repurchase programs concluded in the first fiscal quarter of 2013 in which PSMC purchased 9.2 million shares at a cost of $4.2 million. These repurchase programs increased the Company's ownership in PSMC from 72.09% at October 28, 2012, to 75.11% at January 27, 2013. During fiscal 2013 the Company increased its ownership interest in PSMC, primarily through a tender offer, to 98.63% by purchasing 51.4 million shares at a cost of $28.1 million. In January 2014 the Company increased its ownership percentage in PSMC to 100% at a cost of $1.7 million for the then remaining 3.0 million shares that were not owned by the Company.

The table below presents the effect of the change in the Company's ownership interest in PSMC on the Company's equity for the first fiscal quarters of 2014 (3.0 million shares of common stock of PSMC acquired) and 2013 (9.2 million shares of PSMC common stock acquired).

In November 2013 the Company announced that it had entered into an agreement to merge PSMC with DNP Photomask Technology Taiwan Co., Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. (DNP), to form a joint venture which will operate under the name of Photronics DNP Mask Corporation (PDMC). See Note 16 for further discussion.

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NOTE 14 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

As of February 2, 2014, the Company had commitments outstanding for capital equipment expenditures of approximately $85 million. See Note 16 regarding pending subsidiary merger.

The Company is subject to various claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company believes such claims, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material effect on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 15 - RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

There have been no recent accounting pronouncements whose adoption would affect the Company’s financial statements or related disclosures.

 

NOTE 16 – PENDING MERGER OF PSMC WITH DNP PHOTOMASK TECHNOLOGY TAIWAN CO., LTD.

In November 2013 the Company announced that it had entered into an agreement to merge PSMC with DNP Photomask Technology Taiwan Co., Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. (DNP), to form a joint venture to operate under the name of Photronics DNP Mask Corporation (PDMC). The pending merger, which is a noncash transaction, would result in the Company owning 50.01% and DNP owning 49.99% of PDMC, whose financial results would be included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The merger is subject to regulatory approvals and customary closing conditions, and is expected to be completed during the first half of fiscal 2014. In the three month period ended February 2, 2014, the Company incurred $0.4 million in transaction expenses relating to the pending merger.

Item 2.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Overview

Management's discussion and analysis ("MD&A") of the Company's financial condition, results of operations and outlook should be read in conjunction with its condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes. Various segments of this MD&A contain forward-looking statements, all of which are presented based on current expectations and may be adversely affected by uncertainties and risk factors (presented throughout this filing and in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal 2013 year), that may cause actual results to materially differ from these expectations.

The Company sells substantially all of its photomasks to semiconductor designers and manufacturers, and manufacturers of FPDs. Photomask technology is also being applied to the fabrication of other higher performance electronic products such as photonics, micro-electronic mechanical systems and certain nanotechnology applications. Thus, the Company's selling cycle is tightly interwoven with the development and release of new semiconductor designs and flat panel applications, particularly as it relates to the semiconductor industry's migration to more advanced design methodologies and fabrication processes. The Company believes that the demand for photomasks primarily depends on design activity rather than sales volumes from products produced using photomask technologies. Consequently, an increase in semiconductor or FPD sales does not necessarily result in a corresponding increase in photomask sales. However, the reduced use of customized ICs, reductions in design complexity, other changes in the technology or methods of manufacturing or designing semiconductors, or a slowdown in the introduction of new semiconductor or FPD designs could reduce demand for photomasks even if demand for semiconductors and FPDs increases. Advances in semiconductor, FPD and photomask design and semiconductor production methods could reduce the demand for photomasks. Historically, the semiconductor industry has been volatile, with sharp periodic downturns and slowdowns. These downturns have been characterized by, among other things, diminished product demand, excess production capacity and accelerated erosion of selling prices.

The global semiconductor industry, including mobile displays, is driven by end markets which have been closely tied to consumer driven applications of high performance semiconductor devices including, but not limited to, mobile communications and computing solutions. The Company is typically required to fulfill its customer orders within a short period of time, sometimes within 24 hours. This results in the Company having a minimal level of backlog orders, typically one to two weeks for IC photomasks and two to three weeks for FPD photomasks. The Company cannot predict the timing of the industry's transition to volume production of next generation technology nodes or the timing of up and down cycles with precise accuracy, but believes that such transitions and cycles will continue into the future, beneficially and adversely affecting its business, financial condition and operating results in the near term. The Company believes its ability to remain successful in these environments is dependent upon achieving its goals of being a service and technology leader and efficient solutions supplier, which it believes should enable it to continually reinvest in its global infrastructure.

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Material Changes in Results of Operations

Three Months ended February 2, 2014 and January 27, 2013

The following table represents selected operating information expressed as a percentage of net sales.

Note: All of the following tabular comparisons, unless otherwise indicated, are for the three months ended February 2, 2014 (Q1-14) and January 27, 2013 (Q1-13) in millions of dollars.

Net Sales

Net sales for Q1-14 increased 1.7% to $101.5 million as compared to $99.8 million for Q1-13. The increase was primarily the result of increased sales of mainstream IC units. FPD revenues were $25.3 million in Q1-14 as compared to $25.4 million in Q1-13. Revenues attributable to high-end products decreased by $3.1 million to $32.2 million in Q1-14 as compared to $35.3 million in Q1-13. High-end photomask applications, which typically have higher ASPs, include mask sets for 45 nanometer and below for IC products, and G8 and above and active matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display screen technologies for FPD products. By geographic area, net sales in Q1-14 as compared to Q1-13, increased by $2.8 million or 8.4 % in Korea, decreased by $3.1 million or 10.9% in the United States, increased by $0.8 million or 2.8% in Taiwan, increased by $1.3 million or 14.8% in Europe and decreased by $0.1 million at other international locations.

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Gross Margin

Gross margin percentage increased to 22.5% in Q1-14 as compared to 21.1% in Q1-13. This increase was primarily due to an increase in sales in Q1-14 as compared to Q1-13. The Company operates in a high fixed cost environment and, to the extent that the Company's revenues and utilization increase or decrease, gross margin will generally be positively or negatively impacted.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $1.2 million to $12.3 million in Q1-14 as compared to $11.1 million in Q1-13. This increase was primarily due to transaction expenses of $0.4 million related to the pending joint venture discussed in Note 16 of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and increased compensation expense.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses consist primarily of global development efforts related to high-end process technologies for advanced sub-wavelength reticle solutions for IC technologies. Research and development expenses increased $0.2 million in Q1-14 as compared to Q1-13 primarily due to increased activities at advanced nanometer technology nodes for IC photomasks.

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Other Income (Expense), net

Provision for Income Taxes

The effective income tax rate increased in Q1-14 as compared to Q1-13 primarily due to higher income tax provisions recorded in jurisdictions in which the Company generated income before income taxes which, due to valuation allowances, were not significantly offset by income tax benefits recorded in jurisdictions in which the Company incurred losses before income taxes.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company's working capital was $176.9 million at February 2, 2014, and $213.9 million at November 3, 2013. The decrease in working capital was primarily related to increased accruals for capital equipment of $20 million for high-end inspection tools and the repayment of a long-term loan, as discussed in Note 5 of the condensed consolidated financial statements. Cash and cash equivalents were $189.2 million at February 2, 2014 and $215.6 million at November 3, 2013. Net cash provided by operating activities was $14.2 million for the three months ended February 2, 2014, as compared to $18.7 million for the three month period ended January 27, 2013, the decrease primarily due to larger increases in accounts receivable and other current assets than in the prior year. Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended February 2, 2014, was $13.8 million, which was comprised primarily of capital expenditure payments. Net cash used in financing activities of $23.3 million for the three months ended February 2, 2014, was primarily comprised of repayments of long-term borrowings. The Company may use its cash available on hand for operations, capital expenditures, debt repayments, strategic opportunities, stock repurchases or other corporate uses, any of which may be material.

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As of February 2, 2014 and November 3, 2013, the Company’s total cash and cash equivalents include $165.0 million and $165.7 million, respectively, held by its foreign subsidiaries. The majority of earnings of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are considered to be indefinitely reinvested. The Company’s foreign subsidiaries continue to grow through the reinvestment of earnings in additional manufacturing capacity and capability, particularly in the high-end IC and FPD areas. A repatriation of these funds to the U.S. may be subject to U.S. federal income taxes and local country withholding tax in certain jurisdictions.

In November 2013 the Company entered into an agreement to merge PSMC with DNP Photomask Technology Taiwan Co., Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. (DNP), to form a joint venture which will operate under the name of Photronics DNP Mask Corporation (PDMC). The pending merger, which is a noncash transaction, will result in the Company owning 50.01% and DNP owning 49.99% of PDMC, whose financial results will be included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. PDMC is expected to generate sufficient cash flows to fund its operating and capital requirements.  The merger is subject to regulatory approvals and customary closing conditions, and is expected to be finalized during the first half of fiscal 2014.

In December 2013 the Company amended its credit facility to a five year $50 million credit facility with an expansion capacity of $75 million. Simultaneously, the Company repaid its $21.3 million term loan. The credit facility is secured by substantially all of the Company's assets located in the United States, as well as common stock the Company owns in certain of its foreign subsidiaries, and is subject to the following financial covenants: minimum interest coverage, total leverage ratio and minimum unrestricted cash balance. As of February 2, 2014, the Company was in compliance with the covenants of the credit facility, had no outstanding borrowings under the credit facility and $50 million was available for borrowing. The credit facility bears interest (1.9% at February 2, 2014) based on the Company’s total leverage ratio, at LIBOR plus a spread, as defined in the credit facility.

In June 2013 the Company completed a tender offer for shares of PSMC. A total of 50.3 million shares were tendered at the offering price of 16.30 NTD, equivalent to a total of $27.4 million. In September 2013 the Company purchased an additional 1.1 million shares of PSMC for $0.7 million, and in January 2014 the Company acquired all of the 3.0 million shares that were then held by noncontrolling interests at a cost of $1.7 million.

 

PSMC, through a series of repurchase programs which commenced in 2011 and ended in 2013, repurchased shares of its outstanding common stock. These repurchase programs resulted in 9.2 million shares being purchased for $4.2 million in 2013, 35.9 million shares being purchased for $15.6 million in 2012 and 21.6 million shares being purchased for $9.9 million in 2011.

 

In August 2013 a $26.4 million principal amount, five year capital lease to fund the purchase of a high-end lithography tool commenced. Payments under the lease, which bears interest at 2.77% are $0.5 million per month through July 2018. Under the terms of the lease agreement, the Company must maintain the equipment in good working order, and the lease is subject to a cross default with a cross acceleration provision related to certain nonfinancial covenants incorporated in its credit facility. As of February 2, 2014, the total amount payable through the end of the lease term was $25.4 million, of which $23.8 million represented principal and $1.6 million represented interest.

 

In February 2012 the Company paid $35 million to Micron in connection with the purchase of the U.S. nanoFab facility. In connection therewith, the Company amended its credit facility to include the addition of a $25 million term loan maturing in March 2017, with minimum quarterly principal payments of $0.6 million. In the first quarter of fiscal 2014 the Company repaid the $21.3 million balance of this term loan that was outstanding at November 3, 2013. As a result of the purchase of the U.S. nanoFab facility, the Company’s lease agreement with Micron for the U.S. nanoFab facility was cancelled, which reduced the Company’s related outstanding operating lease commitments by a combined total of $15 million for fiscal years 2013 and 2014.

 

As of February 2, 2014, the Company had capital equipment commitments outstanding of approximately $85 million. The Company believes that its currently available resources, together with its capacity for growth, and its access to equity and other financing sources, will be sufficient to satisfy its currently planned capital expenditures, as well as its anticipated working capital requirements for the next twelve months. However, the Company cannot assure that additional sources of financing would be available to the Company on commercially favorable terms should the Company's capital requirements exceed cash available from operations, existing cash, and cash available under its credit facility.

The Company's liquidity is highly dependent on its sales volume, cash conversion cycle, and the timing of its capital expenditures (which can vary significantly from period to period), as it operates in a high fixed cost environment. Depending on conditions in the semiconductor and FPD markets, the Company's cash flows from operations and current holdings of cash may not be adequate to meet its current and long-term needs for capital expenditures, operations and debt repayments. Historically, in certain years, the Company has used external financing to fund these needs. Due to conditions in the credit markets, some financing instruments used by the Company in the past may not be currently available to it. The Company continues to evaluate further cost reduction initiatives. However, the Company cannot assure that additional sources of financing would be available to it on commercially favorable terms, should its cash requirements exceed cash available from operations, existing cash, and cash available under its credit facility.

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Under the MP Mask joint venture operating agreement, in order to maintain its 49.99% ownership interest, the Company may be required to make additional capital contributions to the joint venture up to the maximum amount specified in the operating agreement. Cumulatively through February 2, 2014, the Company has contributed $32.5 million to the joint venture, and has received distributions from the joint venture totaling $10.0 million.

Under the PDMC joint venture operating agreement the shareholders of PDMC may be requested to make additional contributions to the pending joint venture. In the event that PDMC requests additional capital from its shareholders, the Company may be required to make additional capital contributions to the joint venture in order to maintain its 50.01% ownership.  The joint venture operating agreement limits the amount of contributions that may be requested during both the first four years of the joint venture and during any individual year within those first four years.

The Company leases certain office facilities and equipment under operating leases that may require it to pay taxes, insurance and maintenance expenses related to the properties. Certain of these leases contain renewal or purchase options exercisable at the end of the lease terms.

Business Outlook

A majority of the Company's revenue growth is expected to continue to come from the Asian region, as customers increase their use of manufacturing foundries located outside of North America and Europe. Additional revenue growth is also anticipated in North America, as the Company expects to continue to benefit from advanced technology it may utilize under its technology license with Micron.

The Company continues to assess its global manufacturing strategy and monitor its market capitalization, sales volume and related cash flows from operations. This ongoing assessment could result in future facility closures, asset redeployments, additional impairments of intangible or long-lived assets, workforce reductions, or the addition of increased manufacturing facilities, all of which would be based on market conditions and customer requirements.

Effect of Recent Accounting Pronouncements

There have been no recent accounting pronouncements whose adoption would affect the Company’s financial statements or related disclosures.

ITEM 3.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

The Company conducts business in several major international currencies through its worldwide operations and its financial performance may be affected by fluctuations in the exchange rates of these currencies. Changes in exchange rates can positively or negatively affect the Company's sales, operating margins, assets, liabilities, and equity. The functional currencies of the Company's Asian subsidiaries are the Korean won, the New Taiwan dollar, and the Singapore dollar. The functional currencies of the Company's European subsidiaries are the British pound and the euro.

The Company attempts to minimize its risk of foreign currency transaction losses by producing its products in the same country in which the products are sold (thereby generating revenues and incurring expenses in the same currency), and by managing its working capital. In some instances, the Company may sell or purchase products in a currency other than the functional currency of the country where it was produced. There can be no assurance that this approach will continue to be successful, especially in the event of a significant adverse movement in the value of any foreign currencies against the U.S. dollar.

The Company's primary net foreign currency exposures as of February 2, 2014, included the Korean won, the Japanese yen, the New Taiwan dollar, the Singapore dollar, the British pound, and the euro. As of February 2, 2014, a 10% adverse movement in the value of these currencies against the U.S. dollar would have resulted in a net unrealized pre-tax loss of $5.6 million. The Company does not believe that a 10% change in the exchange rates of other non-U.S. dollar currencies would have a material effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

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Interest Rate Risk

At February 2, 2014, the Company did not have any variable rate borrowings. A 10% change in interest rates would not have had a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows in the three month period ended February 2, 2014.

Item 4.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company has established and currently maintains disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in its reports filed under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Company's chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

The Company's management, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation the Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of the end of the period covered by this report.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There was no change in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the Company's first quarter of fiscal 2014 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.

OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1A.

RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to risks relating to the Company's business as disclosed in Part 1, Item 1A of the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended November 3, 2013.

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Item 6.

EXHIBITS

(a)

Exhibits

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date:  March 6, 2014

 

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